Dentistry Commons^™

Nasa Light Emitting Diode Medical Applications From Deep Space To Deep Sea, Harry T. Whelan, Ellen V. Buchmann, Noel T. Whelan, Scott G. Turner, Vita Cevenini, Helen Stinson, Ron Ignatius, Todd Martin, Joan Cwiklinski, Glenn A. Meyer, Brian D. Hodgson, Lisa J. Gould, Mary P. Kane, Gina Chen, James Caviness

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

This work is supported and managed through the NASA Marshall Space Flight Center-SBIR Program. LED-technology developed for NASA plant growth experiments in space shows promise for delivering light deep into tissues of the body to promote wound healing and human tissue growth. We present the results of LED-treatment of cells grown in culture and the effects of LEDs on patients’ chronic and acute wounds. LED-technology is also biologically optimal for photodynamic therapy of cancer and we discuss our successes using LEDs in conjunction with light-activated chemotherapeutic drugs.

Large-Scale Synthesis And Functional Elements For The Antimicrobial Activity Of Defensins, Periathamby A. Raj, K. J. Antonyraj, T. Karunakaran

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Human neutrophil defensins, and their analogues incorporating anionic, hydrophobic or cationic residues at the N- and C-termini, were synthesized by solid-phase procedures. The synthetic defensins were examined for their microbicidal activity against Candida albicans, two Gram-negative bacteria (Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis) and two Gram-positive bacteria (Streptococcus gordonii and Streptococcus mutans). The human neutrophil peptide 1 (HNP1) and HNP2 were found to be potent candidacidal agents. HNP3, which differs by one amino acid at the N-terminus of its sequence, was totally inactive. The Gram-negative bacteria A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis and the Gram-positive bacteria S. gordonii and S. mutans were …

Pulpal Tissue In Bilateral Talon Cusps Of Primary Central Incisors: Report Of A Case, H. Cem Güngör, Nil Altay, F. Figen Kaymaz

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Talon cusp is a tooth anomaly that affects both the primary and the permanent dentitions. However, the occurrence of this anomalous cusp is rather infrequent in the primary dentition. Only 7 cases of bilateral talon cusps affecting the primary teeth have been reported in the dental literature. This is a case report of bilateral talon cusps on primary maxillary central incisors whose histologic evaluation revealed the existence of pulpal tissue in the anomalous cusps.

The Effect Of Edta In Attachment Gain And Root Coverage, Moawia M. Kassab, Robert E. Cohen, Sebastiano Andreana, Andrew R. Dentino

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Root surface biomodification using low pH agents such as citric acid and tetracycline has been proposed to enhance root coverage following connective tissue grafting. The authors hypothesized that root conditioning with neutral pH edetic acid would improve vertical recession depth, root surface coverage, pocket depth, and clinical attachment levels. Twenty teeth in 10 patients with Miller class I and II recession were treated with connective tissue grafting. The experimental sites received 24% edetic acid in sterile distilled water applied to the root surface for 2 minutes before grafting. Controls were pretreated with only sterile distilled water. Measurements were evaluated before …

Glass-Ionomer Adhesives In Orthodontics: Clinical Implications And Future Research Directions, T. Gerard Bradley, Daniel Camargo De Oliveira

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

During the past ten years significant advances have been made in the development of glass-ionomer bonding adhesives. The beneficial effects of fluoride are well documented and an agent which reduces or prevents a white spot lesion that commonly occurs clinically, is desirable. There has been a notable lack of randomized clinical trials to determine the prevalence of white spot lesions after orthodontic treatment although it is often reported in the literature. White spot lesions pose health and esthetic problems and their proper clinical management has yet to be resolved. The objective of this paper Is to review the literature in …

Lateral Cephalometric Analysis Of Asymptomatic Volunteers And Symptomatic Patients With And Without Bilateral Temporomandibular Joint Disk Displacement, Jose A. Bosio, James G. Burch, Ross H. Tallents, Dale B. Wade, Frank M. Beck

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Few studies of dentofacial and orthodontic structural relationships relative to temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction have been reported. We undertook this investigation to determine any correlation of orthodontic and dentofacial characteristics with TMJ bilateral disc displacement. The population of patients was selected from a TMJ clinic where a control group of asymptomatic volunteers had been previously established and standardized. Differences in skeletal structural features were determined among three study groups: (1) asymptomatic volunteers with no TMJ disk displacement, (2) symptomatic patients with no TMJ disc displacement, and (3) symptomatic patients with bilateral TMJ disk displacement. Thirty-two asymptomatic volunteers without disk displacement …

Ectopic Eruption Of Maxillary First Permanent Molars: Treatment Options And Report Of Two Cases, H. Cem Güngör, Nil Altay

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Irreversible ectopic eruption of maxillary first permanent molars may lead to crowded permanent dentition when it is overlooked. The situation usually requires active treatment. In the presented irreversible ectopic eruption cases, distalization and uprighting of maxillary first permanent molars were achieved using removable orthodontic appliances.

Differential Scanning Calorimetry (Dsc) Analyses Of Superelastic And Nonsuperelastic Nickel-Titanium Orthodontic Wires, T. Gerard Bradley, William A. Brantley, Bill M. Culbertson

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

The purpose of this study was to determine the transformation temperatures for the austenitic, martensitic, and rhombohedral (R) structure phases in representative as-received commercial nitinol (NiTi) orthodontic wire alloys, to reconcile discrepancies among recent publications. Specimens were examined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) over a temperature range from approximately −170° C to 100° C, with a scanning rate of 10° C per minute. Two different pathways, with the intermediate R structure either absent or present, were observed for the transformation from martensitic to austenitic NiTi, whereas the reverse transformation from austenitic to martensitic NiTi always included the R structure. The …

Differential Scanning Calorimetry (Dsc) Analyses Of Superelastic And Nonsuperelastic Nickel-Titanium Orthodontic Wires, T. Gerard Bradley, William A. Brantley, Bill M. Culbertson

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

The purpose of this study was to determine the transformation temperatures for the austenitic, martensitic, and rhombohedral (R) structure phases in representative as-received commercial nitinol (NiTi) orthodontic wire alloys, to reconcile discrepancies among recent publications. Specimens were examined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) over a temperature range from approximately −170° C to 100° C, with a scanning rate of 10° C per minute. Two different pathways, with the intermediate R structure either absent or present, were observed for the transformation from martensitic to austenitic NiTi, whereas the reverse transformation from austenitic to martensitic NiTi always included the R structure. The …

Effect Of Baking Soda-Peroxide Dentifrice On Post-Surgical Wound Healing, Andrew R. Dentino

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Purpose:

To investigate the effect of a baking soda-hydrogen peroxide (0.75%) dentifrice on wound healing, plaque formation, gingival inflammation, wound healing, patient comfort, probing depth, and clinical attachment level following gingival flap surgery.

Materials and Methods:

A randomized, double-blind crossover study involving 25 patients requiring bilateral maxillary gingival flap surgery was completed. The effects of twice daily brushing with a baking soda-hydrogen peroxide dentifrice (Mentadent) or a placebo dentifrice (Crest) were observed over a 28-day post-surgical period. Gingival index (GI); plaque index (Pl) , probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL) and gingival bleeding index (Bl) were recorded pre-surgically and …

Destructive Hostility: The Jeffrey Dahmer Case: A Psychiatric And Forensic Study Of A Serial Killer, Jeffrey Jentzen, George Palermo, L. Thomas Johnson, Khang-Cheng Ho, K. Alan Stormo, John Teggatz

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

We were involved as forensic experts in the case of the serial killer Jeffrey Dahmer. We discuss the scene and victim autopsy findings, with a brief consideration of the basic emotion of hostility. These findings support the thesis that at the basis of this serial killer's behavior were primary unconscious feelings of hate that he had channeled into a sadistic programmed destruction of 17 young men. The interview of the serial killer, the photographic scene documentation, and the autopsy findings stress the ambivalent homosexuality of the killer, his sexual sadism, his obsessive fetishism, and his possible cannibalism and necrophilia.

Developing Consistency In Enamel Etching By Co2 Laser, Cesar Gonzalez, Kenneth L. Zakariasen

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

It has been reported that CO₂ laser energy can be utilized to etch enamel. However, consistency of etching has been a significant problem. This research was designed to ascertain which exposure parameters result in consistent etching of enamel. Fourteen non.carious teeth were selected and a 2x4 gridwork was cut into the buccal surfaces creating eight discrete windows for laser exposures. Four teeth served for the initial pilot project. Two windows were lased at each combination of exposure parameters. Laser exposures were at .01, .02, .05, or .10 sec. at 2, 5, 10, or 15 Watts (W) with a model …

Clinical Occupational Bloodborne Exposure In A Dental School, Cesar D. Gonzalez, Ronald J. Pruhs, Elise Sampson

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Role Of Peptide Backbone Conformation On Biological Activity Of Chemotactic Peptides, Andrew R. Dentino, Periathamby A. Raj, Krishna K. Bhandary, Mark E. Wilson, Michael J. Devine

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

To investigate the role of peptide backbone conformation on the biological activity of chemotactic peptides, we synthesized a unique analog of N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe-OH incorporating the C ^α,α disubstituted residue, dipropylglycine (Dpg) in place of Leu. The conformation of the stereochemically constrained Dpg analog was examined in the crystalline state by x-ray diffraction and in solution using NMR, IR, and CD methods. The secretagogue activity of the peptide on human neutrophils was determined and compared with that of a stereochemically constrained, folded type II β-turn analog incorporating 1-aminocyclohexanecarboxylic acid (Ac₆c) at position 2 (f-Met- Ac₆c -Phe-OMe), the …

Bite Mark Evidence: Recognition, Perservation, Analysis And Courtroom Presentation, L. Thomas Johnson, David Cadle

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Craniofacial Morphology And Occlusal Variation In Monozygous And Dizygous Twins, William K. Lobb

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

A study of 60 pairs of twins, 30 monozygous and 30 dizygous, finding a strong genetic component overlaid by functional adaptation most prominent in the dental area.

Noncariogenic Sweeteners: Sugar Substitutes For Caries Control, Curt S. Ayers, Richard A. Abrams

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

The evidence is clear that the incidence of dental caries is related to the frequency of eating sugar. The use of sugar substitutes is a suggested way of reducing sugar intake. A variety of noncariogenic sweeteners exists, but most have no practical value for caries control because of their technical or safety problems, taste, or cost. Urinary bladder tumorigenic effects have been reported in experimental animals treated with saccharin and cyclamates. Because of concerns for human safety, cyclamates were banned in the U.S., and saccharin use was permitted only by special legislation. The polyalcohols sorbitol and xylitol are important sugar …

Denturism And The Dentists, Richard A. Abrams

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Replantation Of An Avulsed Incisor: Case Report, Richard A. Abrams

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

The Surface Tension Of Some Oral Antiseptics, Edmund Abraham B. Dziennik

Bachelors’ Theses

The bio-chemist is now thouroughly (sic) interested in the theories and principles which underly physical Chemistry.

The results of these investigations are such, that they have brought about a change in the treatment of many diseases. It shall be the purpose of this paper to illustrate by experiment the importance of principles in oral antiseptics these theories and principles in oral antiseptics.

It shall be endeavoured to show that an oral antiseptic with a low surface tension is necessary for good ad­sorption.

That good adsorption is necessary in order to reach the bacteria that are in the deep crevices of …

The Nutrition Of The Enamel, Alvin Herbert Grunewald

Bachelors’ Theses

Probably no other subject has been so thoroughly discussed and has had such a small amount of actual experimental work done upon it, as the question of whether the enamel does or does not receive nourishment once it is fully formed...