Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Epidemiology Of Pediatric Rapid Response Calls In Children Less Than Two Years Old, Erich C. Maul Do, Mph

Erich C. Maul DO MPH

Poster presentation of original research at Pediatric Hospital Medicine 2014 Lake Buena Vista, FL

Abdominal Pain In An Adolescent Female-A Case Of Ehrlichiosis, Tamika Rozema Md, Erich C. Maul Do, Mph

Erich C. Maul DO MPH

Clincial conundrum poster presentation at Pediatric Hospital Medicine 2014 Lake Buena Vista, FL

Kikuchi-Fujimoto Syndrome, Laura Girard Md, Erich C. Maul Do, Mph

Erich C. Maul DO MPH

Clinical conundrum poster presentation at Pediatric Hospital Medicine 2014 Lake Buena Vista, FL

Esophageal Varices, Allison Slone Md, Erich C. Maul Do, Mph

Erich C. Maul DO MPH

A clinical conundrum poster presentation at Pediatric Hospital Medicine 2014 Lake Buena Vista, FL

2014 Summer Research Symposium Abstract Book, Trinity College, Hartford Connecticut

Science Symposia Abstracts

2014 Summer volume of abstracts for science research projects conducted by students at Trinity College.

Review Of "Truly Human Enhancement: A Philosophical Defense Of Limits ", James Mcbain

Faculty Submissions

Review of "Truly Human Enhancement: A Philosophical Defense of Limits" by Nicholas Agar.

A Quantitative Analysis Of Kalandars And Captive Bears In Pakistan, Thomas P. Rooney, Kendra C. Millam

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

In 2013, the Bioresource Research Centre (Islamabad, Pakistan) conducted a comprehensive census of the remaining dancing and bear-baiting bears in Pakistan. This involved locating and counting the actual involved bears and bear keepers (kalandars), collecting detailed socio-economic data from the bear-keepers, and identifying attitudes and key drivers behind this livelihood. This report summarizes the findings from the census, reveals relationships in the data that are not immediately apparent, and identifies potential leverage points for ongoing campaign efforts.

Using A Mental Health Board Game Intervention To Reduce Mental Illness Stigma Among Nursing Students, Anna Kristina Wassink

Doctoral Dissertations

Mental illness stigma can be displayed by anyone including those working in the health care field. Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) students are one group within the health care field. The purpose of this project is to explore attitude change among BSN students related to mental illness stigma. The question guiding this project is whether a creative game implemented in conjunction with the existing educational and clinical experiences is helpful in reducing mental illness stigma in BSN students. Thirty-eight participants, 5 males and 33 females, a majority of whom were 20-21 years old, participated in this project. The intervention …

An Acute Bout Of Self-Myofascial Release In The Form Of Foam Rolling Improves Performance Testing, Corey Peacock, Darren D. Krein, Tobin A. Silver, Gabriel J. Sanders, Kyle-Patrick A. Von Carlowitz

Department of Health and Human Performance Faculty Articles

Recent developments in the strength and conditioning field have shown the incorporation of foam rolling self-myofascial release in adjunct with a dynamic warm-up. This is thought to improve overall training performance; however, minimal research exists supporting this theory. Therefore, determining if an acute bout of foam rolling self-myofascial release in addition to a dynamic warm-up could influence performance is of importance. In order to do so, eleven athletically trained male subjects participated in a two condition, counterbalanced, crossover within-subjects study comparing two particular warm-up routines. The two warm-up routines compared were a total-body dynamic warm-up (DYN) and a total-body dynamic …

The Parkinson's Experience Of Group Physical Activity: Understanding Social Support, Social Comparison, Physical Self-Perceptions, And Posttraumatic Growth, Tammy L. Sheehy

Open Access Theses

Group physical activity programs for clinical populations can provide opportunities for adaptive social interactions, improving perceptions of competence, and may facilitate posttraumatic growth (positive psychological changes resulting from traumatic life experiences). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine how people with Parkinson's experience social interactions and physical challenges in a group physical activity program, and to investigate what role they think those experiences play in posttraumatic growth. The study employed interpretative phenomenological analysis methodology (Smith, Flowers & Larkin, 2009). N= 20 participants ( n = 12 women; age = 56-79 years) in a boxing-based group exercise program …

State-Level Analysis Of Variation In Infant Mortality Rate: A Socio-Ecological Approach, Nicole M. Sobiech

Open Access Theses

Background: Infant mortality has been used as a predictor of population health, and was higher in the United States compared to other developed countries. The rate of infant mortality varies greatly at the State level, with infants born in southern States having an increase risk. ^ Methods: This paper investigates influential variables in all five dimensions of the socio-ecological model on State infant mortality in the U.S. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to determine the amount of variance that could be explained between and at the State level. ^ Results: The socio-ecological model explained 73% variation of State infant mortality …

Iron Nutriture Following Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery, Breanne N. Wright

Open Access Theses

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB) is effective for weight loss, but is commonly associated with iron deficiency and its clinical manifestation, anemia. Diagnosing iron deficiency is complex because iron status depends on other nutrients; additionally, anemia following surgery is not specifically due to deficiency in iron, as it can be due to deficiencies in other nutrients including zinc, copper, vitamin B₆, folate, and vitamin B ₁₂. In patients who have undergone RYGB, our aims were to 1) conduct a comprehensive assessment of nutrients involved in iron homeostasis, 2) determine the contribution of dietary intake to iron deficiency, …

Efficacy Of Cleaning Method For Removal Of Exogenous Welding Fume Contamination From Nail Tissue Prior To Use As A Biomarker For Welding Fume Manganese Exposure, Jeffrey Corral Bainter

Open Access Theses

Nail tissue has been proposed as a biomarker for body burden of occupational exposure to manganese from welding fumes. Though recent studies have shown correlation between manganese exposure and both nail tissue concentration as well as concentrations in dopaminergic regions of the brain, concerns of the validity of nail tissue as a biomarker have arisen due to the potential for exogenous contamination of Mn to undermine the quantization of endogenous Mn in nail. Previous studies have used a cleaning method of 1% Triton X-100 surfactant plus sonication in order to attempt to remove exogenous welding fume contamination. Determination of the …

Cut-Off Values For Gait Variables To Detect Forelimb Lameness In Individual Dogs, Jennifer G. Carr

Open Access Theses

The objective of this study was to characterize kinetic and kinematic variables in dogs with forelimb lameness and determine lameness cutoff values of gait variables using ROC analysis with observational gait analysis (OGA) as reference. Twenty client-owned dogs with unilateral lameness were included. Dogs underwent orthopedic exam, including OGA, and instrumented gait analysis (IGA; kinetic and kinematic analysis). Kinetic variables with the highest accuracy were PVF and %WD with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.73 and 0.92, respectively. Optimal cutoff value for PVF and %WD were ≤ 10.6 (sensitivity 70% and specificity 75%) and ≤ 29.7 (sensitivity 90% …

Epidemiology Of Coccidioidomycosis In Missouri, Ravi Kumar Aggu Sher

Open Access Theses

Introduction. Incidence of Coccidioidomycosis has been increasing nationally, from 2,271 cases in 1998 to 17,802 cases in 2012. Missouri is not endemic to Coccidioidomycosis but the incidence has been increasing since becoming reportable in 2003. To describe epidemiology of Coccidioidomycosis in Missouri we conducted a retrospective review of surveillance data at Missouri Department of Health & Senior Services (DHSS) for the years, 2004-2013.

Methods. Data was obtained from Missouri Health Surveillance Information System (WebSurv), the statewide reporting system for notifiable diseases. All cases that were "Confirmed" were included in the study.

Results. There were a total of 93 confirmed cases …

1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D Alters Lipid Metabolism And Epithelialto- Mesenchymal Transition In Metastatic Epithelial Breast Cancer Cells, Alle Nicole Barnard

Open Access Theses

Evidence suggests that high vitamin D status (marked by serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, 25(OH)2 D) is associated with a decreased risk of breast cancer. It has been established that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH) 2 D) can alter glycolysis and the Krebs cycle of breast cancer cells (Jiang et al., 2010; Zheng et al., 2013) but little information is available on 1,25(OH) 2 D's alterations of lipid metabolism in breast cancer cells. Thus, the current research investigates if there was an effect of 1,25(OH) 2 D on proteins that regulate lipid metabolism in MCF10A, MCF10A-ras, MCF10CA1h, and MCF10CA1a epithelial breast cancer cells. While …

Pharmacokinetics And Toxicity Of The Novel Oral Demethylating Agent Zebularine In Laboratory And Tumor Bearing Dogs, Christopher Michael Fulkerson

Open Access Theses

The aim of this thesis is to investigate the pharmacokinetics and toxicity of the novel oral demethylating agent zebularine (zeb) in laboratory dogs and tumor bearing dogs. This thesis focuses on the application of this therapeutic strategy in dogs with naturally occurring invasive transitional cell carcinoma (InvTCC), which serve as a relevant model of the human disease.

DNA hypermethylation in the promoter region is a common epigenetic change in cancer that silences tumor suppressor genes. Zeb is an oral cytidine analog that acts as a demethylating agent. Zeb has been investigated extensively in vitro as well as in mice, rodents …

The Combined Effects Of Anthropogenic And Environmental Stressors On Fundulus Grandis Development, Christopher Jacob Klinkhamer

Open Access Theses

The 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill resulted in the release of ~ 5 million barrels of crude oil from the Macondo wellhead into the Gulf of Mexico. Oil from the spill was documented on 1,772km of shoreline with 847km of shoreline remaining oiled a year after the spill, and 687km of shoreline remaining oiled two years after the spill. Currently, there are few data available concerning long-term, sublethal effects associated with chronic exposure to crude oil in the Gulf of Mexico. In addition to the anthropogenic-induced stress of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure, aquatic organisms living in estuarial areas of …

Perceptual Compensation In Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorders, Elizabeth Anne Langston

Open Access Theses

Compensation for coarticulation is the extent in which an individual perceives the contextual variations of speech. When presented with an ambiguous consonant-vowel segment (e.g., a consonant halfway between /sa/ and /∫a/) research illustrates that a listener is likely to compensate for coarticulation with the following vowel. Therefore, a listener will be more likely to report an ambiguous speech sound as /s/ when it occurs before [u] than before [a]. Previous results have suggested that, within neurotypical individuals, the degree to which individuals compensate for coarticulation may be related to their Autism Quotient (AQ; Yu, 2010). However, this research did not …

Using The Microsoft Kinect To Assess Human Bimanual Coordination, Joshua James Liddy

Open Access Theses

Optical marker-based systems are the gold-standard for capturing three-dimensional (3D) human kinematics. However, these systems have various drawbacks including time consuming marker placement, soft tissue movement artifact, and are prohibitively expensive and non-portable. The Microsoft Kinect is an inexpensive, portable, depth camera that can be used to capture 3D human movement kinematics. Numerous investigations have assessed the Kinect's ability to capture postural control and gait, but to date, no study has evaluated it's capabilities for measuring spatiotemporal coordination. In order to investigate human coordination and coordination stability with the Kinect, a well-studied bimanual coordination paradigm (Kelso, 1984, Kelso; Scholz, & …

Investigation Into The Control Of Melittin Secondary Structure And Antimicrobial Activity, Zachary B. Molinets

Open Access Theses

Antimicrobial resistance has been an exponentially growing problem since the discovery of antibiotics. Antibiotics have been misused for many years and this misuse has grown into a real problem for the medical community. While there are countless safeguards to prevent infection by a resistant strain of bacteria, there are still many plagued by it and must be treated with sometimes dangerous antibiotics. Melittin, along with many other peptides, contain potent antimicrobial properties, but are also toxic toward enthrocytes. The control of the secondary structure of peptides provides the key to adjusting their activity.

Clinical Investigation Of Plethysmographic Variability Index: A Derivative Index Of Pulse Oximetry In Anesthetized Dogs, Vaidehi V. Paranjape

Open Access Theses

Plethysmographic Variability Index (PVI) is a derivative index of pulse oximetry that allows evaluating an individual's intravascular volume status. Perfusion Index (PI) represents the strength of pulse signal at the anatomic site of measurement from which PVI is calculated using changes in PI over respiratory cycles. Plethysmographic Variability Index has been used to detect hypovolemia and predict fluid responsiveness in mechanically ventilated human patients however, fewer studies are available in spontaneously breathing patients. The use of PVI has not been explored extensively in dogs so far. The goals of this study were to establish a common range for PVI and …

Continuous Executive Function Disruption Interferes With Application Of An Information Integration Categorization Strategy., Sarah J Miles, Kazunaga Matsuki, John Paul Minda

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

Category learning is often characterized as being supported by two separate learning systems. A verbal system learns rule-defined (RD) categories that can be described using a verbal rule and relies on executive functions (EFs) to learn via hypothesis testing. A nonverbal system learns non-rule-defined (NRD) categories that cannot be described by a verbal rule and uses automatic, procedural learning. The verbal system is dominant in that adults tend to use it during initial learning but may switch to the nonverbal system when the verbal system is unsuccessful. The nonverbal system has traditionally been thought to operate independently of EFs, but …

Safe Haven Implementation Brief, Roger Casey, Paul Smits, M. Scott Young

Mental Health Law & Policy Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Inflammation In The Pain Pathway In A Model Of Mild Closed Head Injury: Implications For Post-Concussion Headache, Cm Macolino, Bv Daiutolo, Al Tyburski, Mb Elliot

Department of Neurosurgery Faculty Papers

Introduction

Headache is a hallmark feature of post-concussion syndrome. Post-concussion headache (PCH) is highly prevalent in the military with as high as 97.8% reporting having headaches¹ occurring in up to 85% of athletes following ^2-4 concussion or mTBI. In the Military and sports, return to duty or play guidelines state that a soldier/player should be asymptomatic before returning to physical activity⁴. However, headache following concussion is commonly dismissed.

PCH can be a new headache resulting from head trauma or worsening of pre-existing headache disorder. Incidence rates for concussion will continue to grow along with the increasing awareness …

Blood-Based Biomarkers For Traumatic Brain Injury: Evaluation Of Research Approaches, Available Methods And Potential Utility From The Clinician And Clinical Laboratory Perspectives, Frederick G. Strathmann, Stefanie Podlog (Nee Schulte), Kyle Goerl, David J. Petron

Athletic Training Collection

Blood-based biomarkers for traumatic brain injury (TBI) have been investigated and proposed for decades, yet the current clinical assessment of TBI is largely based on clinical symptoms that can vary widely amongst patients, and have significant overlap with unrelated disease states. A careful review of current treatment guidelines for TBI further highlights the potential utility of a blood-based TBI biomarker panel in augmenting clinical decision making. Numerous expert reviews on blood-based TBI biomarkers have been published but a close look at the methods used and the astonishing paucity of validation and quality control data has not been undertaken from the …

Predictors Of Hospital Stay And Mortality In Dengue Virus Infection-Experience From Aga Khan University Hospital Pakistan, Muhammad Abdul Mabood Khalil, Jackson Tan, Muhammd Ashhad Ullah Khalil, Safia Awan, Manickam Rangasami

Section of Nephrology

Background: Dengue virus infection (DVI) is very common infection. There is scarcity of data on factor associated with increased hospitalstay and mortality in dengue virus infection (DVI). This study was done to know about factors associated with increased hospital stay and mortality in patients admitted with DVI.

Results: Out of 532 patients, two third (72.6%) had stay ≤3 days while one third (27.4%) had stay greater than 3 days. The mean length of hospital stay was 3.46 ± 3.45 days. Factors associated with increased hospital stay (>3 days) included AKI (acute kidney injury) (Odd ratio 2.98; 95% CI 1.66-5.34), …

Unmet Need For Contraception And Unintended Pregnancies Among Women Of Reproductive Age Group: A Situation Analysis, Sumera Aziz Ali, Savera Aziz Ali

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Each year approximately 210 million pregnancies occur worldwide and more than one-third (75 to 80 million) of these are unintended, more than half of these (46 million) unintended pregnancies undergo unsafe abortions. In Pakistan 16% of the births are reported to be unwanted and if the unwanted fertility is eliminated, total fertility in Pakistan would be 3.1 births per woman. Total demand for family planning in Pakistan is 55%, while the contraceptive prevalence rate is 35% and unmet need for family planning is 20%. Reasons for unmet need and unintended pregnancy include lack of permission, fear of side effects, poor …

Impact Of Peak/Mid Luteal Estradiol On Pregnancy Outcome After Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection, Rehana Rehman, Zahir Hussain, Huma Zahir, Rakhshaan Khan

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

Abstract

Objective: To compare peak to mid estradiol ratio with the probability of successful conception after intracytoplasmic

sperm injection.

Method: The quasi-experimental study was conducted in an infertility clinic at Islamabad from June 2010 till August

2011, and comprised couples subjected to intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection. Down-regulation of ovaries was

followed by calculated stimulation, ovulation induction, oocytes retrieval, intra cytoplasmic sperm injection, in vitro

maturation of embryos and finally blastocysts transfer. Serum estradiol was measured by enzyme-linked

immunosorbent assay on ovulation induction day and the day of embryo transfer. Failure of procedure was detected

by beta human chorionic gonadotropin5-25mIU/ml (Group I; …

Polio Travel Restrictions: A Sledgehammer To Crack A Nut?, Rashid Jooma

Section of Neurosurgery

Imposition by WHO of mandatory vaccination for international travelers from Pakistan has caused confusion and panic amongst travelers besides the adverse effect on the country's image from the widely reported statement. It is felt that the announced measure is not primarily supported by science but is rather a response to disillusionment in the donors about the repeatedly missed eradication targets set by WHO. In the past few years, exportation of poliovirus from Pakistan has caused outbreaks in China, Iraq and Syria besides the ongoing two way transmission with Afghanistan, but the carriers in these spreads are mainly land route travelers. …