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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Acute Intrauterine Infection Results In An Imbalance Between Pro- And Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines In The Pregnant Rabbit., Kimberly Leslie, S. Lee, S. Woodcock, J. Davies, R. Mcduffie, E. Hirsch, M. Sherman, J. Eskens, R. Gibbs
Acute Intrauterine Infection Results In An Imbalance Between Pro- And Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines In The Pregnant Rabbit., Kimberly Leslie, S. Lee, S. Woodcock, J. Davies, R. Mcduffie, E. Hirsch, M. Sherman, J. Eskens, R. Gibbs
Kimberly K. Leslie
PROBLEM: Intrauterine infection results in an increase in cytokines. This study compared the time courses for the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine responses in 33 pregnant rabbits at 70% gestation. Pro-inflammatory markers were activated nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) in placenta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in amniotic fluid. These were compared to the anti-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), in placenta and uterus. METHOD OF STUDY: Does were endoscopically inoculated with Escherichia coli through their cervices and sacrificed at six intervals between 0 and 30 hr post-inoculation. RESULTS: Activated NF-kappaB, determined by electromobility gel shift assay, increased significantly 16 hr after …
Histologic Inflammation In The Maternal And Fetal Compartments In A Rabbit Model Of Acute Intra-Amniotic Infection., J. Davies, R. Shikes, C. Sze, Kimberly Leslie, R. Mcduffie, R. Romero, R. Gibbs
Histologic Inflammation In The Maternal And Fetal Compartments In A Rabbit Model Of Acute Intra-Amniotic Infection., J. Davies, R. Shikes, C. Sze, Kimberly Leslie, R. Mcduffie, R. Romero, R. Gibbs
Kimberly K. Leslie
OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to determine the course of acute inflammation in the maternal and fetal compartments during experimentally induced ascending intra-amniotic infection. STUDY DESIGN: Forty pregnant rabbits at 70% gestation were inoculated endocervically with 10(5) colony-forming units of Escherichia coli. Does were killed at 0, 4, 8, 16, 24, and 30 hours after inoculation. At necropsy, blood, peritoneal fluid, amniotic fluid, and uterine tissue were cultured. Fetal brain, lung, heart, gut, and kidney were collected for histologic examination. Necrosis, infiltrates, congestion, and edema were each assessed semiquantitatively, and mean composite histologic-inflammation scores were compared with analysis of variance. …
Estrogens In Intrahepatic Cholestasis Of Pregnancy., Kimberly Leslie, L. Reznikov, F. Simon, P. Fennessey, H. Reyes, J. Ribalta
Estrogens In Intrahepatic Cholestasis Of Pregnancy., Kimberly Leslie, L. Reznikov, F. Simon, P. Fennessey, H. Reyes, J. Ribalta
Kimberly K. Leslie
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether estrogen production and excretion are impaired in gravidas with intrahepatic cholestasis. METHODS: Plasma and urine samples were collected from 13 women from the United States and Chile at 35-38 weeks' gestation with mild (n = 9) or severe (n = 4) intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. Urinary and plasma steroid levels from women with cholestasis were compared with levels from 27 normal pregnant women within the same gestational age range. Urinary concentrations of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), estrone (E1), estradiol (E2), estriol (E3), estetrol, progesterone, and 16-hydroxy-pregnenolone were measured by gas chromatography mass spectrometry, and plasma concentrations of DHEA …
Oestrogen Modulation With Parturition In The Human Placenta., Kimberly Leslie, D. Zuckerman, J. Schruefer, M. Burchell, J. Smith, B. Albertson
Oestrogen Modulation With Parturition In The Human Placenta., Kimberly Leslie, D. Zuckerman, J. Schruefer, M. Burchell, J. Smith, B. Albertson
Kimberly K. Leslie
An initial group of term (36-41 6/7 weeks), preterm (less than 36 weeks), and post-term (42 or more weeks) placentae were collected from women at delivery to determine the placental levels of important steroids and steroidogenic enzymes involved in the oestrogen synthesis pathway as a function of gestational age. A second group of placentae were obtained from women delivering at term before and after the onset of labour. Placentae were evaluated individually for cytosolic steroid hormone levels and microsomal steroidogenic enzyme activities. Oestradiol (E2), oestrone (E1), progesterone (P), and delta-4-androstenedione (A) were measured by radioimmunoassay in placental cytosols. Aromatase (AR), …
Low Serum Estradiol And High Serum Progesterone Concentrations Characterize Hypertensive Pregnancies At High Altitude., S. Zamudio, Kimberly Leslie, M. White, D. Hagerman, L. Moore
Low Serum Estradiol And High Serum Progesterone Concentrations Characterize Hypertensive Pregnancies At High Altitude., S. Zamudio, Kimberly Leslie, M. White, D. Hagerman, L. Moore
Kimberly K. Leslie
OBJECTIVE: Intrauterine growth retardation and preeclampsia are more common at high than at low altitude. Because altered hormonal profiles have been linked with these disorders, we asked whether placental steroid hormone concentrations were altered during pregnancy at high altitude. METHODS: We measured progesterone, unconjugated estradiol, and estriol (by radioimmunoassay) at weeks 20, 30, and 36 of pregnancy in 18 women at low altitude (1600 m) and 40 women at high altitude (3100 m). RESULTS: Women at 3100 m compared with 1600 m had lower serum estradiol concentrations at week 36 of pregnancy, and lower estriol and higher progesterone concentrations throughout …
Pregnancy Specific Beta 1 Glycoprotein (Sp-1) In Maternal Serum And Amniotic Fluid; Pre-Eclampsia, Small For Gestational Age Fetus And Fetal Distress., R. Silver, K. Heyborne, Kimberly Leslie
Pregnancy Specific Beta 1 Glycoprotein (Sp-1) In Maternal Serum And Amniotic Fluid; Pre-Eclampsia, Small For Gestational Age Fetus And Fetal Distress., R. Silver, K. Heyborne, Kimberly Leslie
Kimberly K. Leslie
Pregnancy specific beta 1 glycoprotein (SP-1) levels have been suggested to correlate with certain obstetrical complications. We compared maternal serum SP-1 levels in normal pregnancies (N = 82), and pregnancies complicated by pre-eclampsia (N = 37), small for gestational age fetuses (N = 8) and fetal distress (N = 13). We also compared levels of this protein in mid-trimester amniotic fluid samples obtained from normal (N = 47) and small for gestational age fetuses (N = 25). Despite trends towards low maternal serum and amniotic fluid SP-1 values in complicated pregnancies, there were no statistically significant differences in their levels …
Linkage Of Two Human Pregnancy-Specific Beta 1-Glycoprotein Genes: One Is Associated With Hydatidiform Mole., Kimberly Leslie, S. Watanabe, K. Lei, D. Chou, C. Plouzek, H. Deng, J. Torres, J. Chou
Linkage Of Two Human Pregnancy-Specific Beta 1-Glycoprotein Genes: One Is Associated With Hydatidiform Mole., Kimberly Leslie, S. Watanabe, K. Lei, D. Chou, C. Plouzek, H. Deng, J. Torres, J. Chou
Kimberly K. Leslie
A genomic clone containing two linked human pregnancy-specific beta 1-glycoprotein (PS beta G) genes has been isolated and characterized. The two genes are arranged in the same 5'----3' orientation; the 3' region (including the A2 and B-C exons) of the upstream gene, PSGGA, is linked to the 5' region (including the 5'/L and L/N exons) of PSGGB, the downstream gene. Depending upon the domains compared, PSGGA and PSGGB share 92-98% nucleotide and 86-95% amino acid sequence identity with PSG93, the most abundant PS beta G transcript. The 3' exon (B-C) of PSGGA contains four alternative splice sites and three polyadenylylation …
A Randomized Controlled Trial Of Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist In A Rabbit Model Of Ascending Infection In Pregnancy., R. Mcduffie, J. Davies, Kimberly Leslie, S. Lee, M. Sherman, R. Gibbs
A Randomized Controlled Trial Of Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist In A Rabbit Model Of Ascending Infection In Pregnancy., R. Mcduffie, J. Davies, Kimberly Leslie, S. Lee, M. Sherman, R. Gibbs
Kimberly K. Leslie
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether treatment with interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL1-ra) would affect amniotic fluid concentrations of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and prostaglandins or clinical or microbiological outcomes in a model of ascending bacterial infection in pregnancy. METHODS: Timed pregnant New Zealand white rabbits at 70% of gestation underwent endoscopic inoculation of the cervices with 10(6) - 10(7) cfu Escherichia coli. Animals were randomly assigned in a blinded manner to a 5-h intravenous infusion of human IL1-ra (10 mg/kg) or placebo beginning 1-2 h after inoculation. Blood was drawn from the does for assay of serum IL1-ra concentration before inoculation, …
Identification Of Proteins Within The Nuclear Factor-Kappa B Transcriptional Complex Including Estrogen Receptor-Alpha, I. Feldman, G. Feldman, C. Mobarak, J. Dunkelberg, Kimberly Leslie
Identification Of Proteins Within The Nuclear Factor-Kappa B Transcriptional Complex Including Estrogen Receptor-Alpha, I. Feldman, G. Feldman, C. Mobarak, J. Dunkelberg, Kimberly Leslie
Kimberly K. Leslie
OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to determine whether cross-talk occurs between estrogen receptors (ERs) and nuclear factor-kappa-B (NF-kappaB), to assess the functional consequences of such an ER/NF-kappaB interaction, and to identify other unknown regulatory proteins that may participate in the NF-kappaB transcriptional complex. STUDY DESIGN: Electromobility gel shifts, reporter gene assays, and mass spectrometry were used to identify proteins interacting with the NF-kappaB deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) response element. RESULTS: ER and the p65 subunit of NF-kappaB colocalized on DNA. This interaction was inhibitory for ER transcriptional activity. Sequencing of proteins bound to the NF-kappaB/DNA complex identified DNA-modifying enzymes, …
Targeted Treatment Using Monoclonal Antibodies And Tyrosine-Kinase Inhibitors In Pregnancy, A. Robinson, W. Watson, Kimberly Leslie
Targeted Treatment Using Monoclonal Antibodies And Tyrosine-Kinase Inhibitors In Pregnancy, A. Robinson, W. Watson, Kimberly Leslie
Kimberly K. Leslie
An expanding knowledge of the signalling pathways involved in the cell cycle has led to great improvements in the understanding of the molecular events involved in carcinogenesis. The past decade has seen substantial advances with the introduction of several classes of targeted therapeutics for the treatment of various cancers and autoimmune disorders. However, the question arises as to whether pregnant women can take advantage of these new treatments in view of the potential risks to the fetus. Published work suggests that biological agents, like traditional treatments, have the potential to affect the fetus, and should, therefore, be used with caution …
Gestational Trophoblastic Diseases: 1. Pathophysiology Of Hyperglycosylated Hcg, L. Cole, Donghai Dai, S. Butler, Kimberly Leslie, E. Kohorn
Gestational Trophoblastic Diseases: 1. Pathophysiology Of Hyperglycosylated Hcg, L. Cole, Donghai Dai, S. Butler, Kimberly Leslie, E. Kohorn
Kimberly K. Leslie
OBJECTIVE: Hyperglycosylated hCG (hCG-H) is a glycosylation variant of hCG produced by cytotrophoblast cells at implantation of pregnancy and in choriocarcinoma. We investigated the biological function of hCG-H in invasion in vitro and in vivo and the use of hCG-H antibodies in blocking tumorigenesis and cancer growth in vivo. METHODS AND RESULTS: hCG-H accounts for 43% to 100% of total hCG immunoreactivity in the culture fluid of choriocarcinoma cell lines and 100% in primary cultures of pregnancy cytotrophoblast cells. We investigated the action of hCG and hCG-H on isolated cytotrophoblast cell primary cultures and on 3 different lines of choriocarcinoma …
Chronic Intrauterine Infection And Inflammation In The Preterm Rabbit, Despite Antibiotic Therapy, R. Gibbs, J. Davies, R. Mcduffie, Kimberly Leslie, M. Sherman, C. Centretto, D. Wolf
Chronic Intrauterine Infection And Inflammation In The Preterm Rabbit, Despite Antibiotic Therapy, R. Gibbs, J. Davies, R. Mcduffie, Kimberly Leslie, M. Sherman, C. Centretto, D. Wolf
Kimberly K. Leslie
OBJECTIVE: In a pregnant rabbit model using intracervical inoculation of Escherichia coli with delayed antibiotic therapy, we investigated the rate of positive cultures and histologic inflammation of maternal and fetal compartments and the concentration of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in the amniotic fluid for up to 5 days. STUDY DESIGN: New Zealand White rabbits at 70% gestation were inoculated intracervically with 10(3) - 10(4) colony-forming units of E coli per uterine horn. At varying intervals after inoculation (0.5 - 4.0 hours), antibiotic therapy was initiated with ampicillin-sulbactam. Primary outcomes were positive cultures and histologic inflammation score. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels in …
An Exploratory Study Of The Variables Impacting Preterm Birth Rates In New Mexico, K. Gwin, R. Schrader, K. Peters, A. Moreno, K. Thiel, Kimberly Leslie
An Exploratory Study Of The Variables Impacting Preterm Birth Rates In New Mexico, K. Gwin, R. Schrader, K. Peters, A. Moreno, K. Thiel, Kimberly Leslie
Kimberly K. Leslie
BACKGROUND: Preterm birth (PTB) is a substantial health problem that accounts for significant infant morbidity and mortality and poses an economic burden to both individuals and the state of residence. The goal of this study was to identify maternal risk factors for PTB in New Mexico, a poor state with a unique ethnic background, in order to identify populations at increased risk that would benefit from intervention. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional retrospective exploratory analysis of 377,770 singleton live births in the state of New Mexico from 1991-2005. Gestational age of less than 37 weeks was defined as PTB. The …
Breast Cancer And Pregnancy, Kimberly Leslie, C. Lange
Breast Cancer And Pregnancy, Kimberly Leslie, C. Lange
Kimberly K. Leslie
This article addresses a challenging diagnostic and treatment dilemma encountered in the care of pregnant women-breast cancer. The treatment of a breast cancer is significantly affected by an ongoing pregnancy and may result in an increased risk for a poor outcome in the mother. The definition, incidence, mechanism, diagnosis, and treatment of breast cancer associated with pregnancy and the normal physiologic and endocrine changes in the breast during pregnancy that contribute to the difficulty encountered by practitioners in diagnosing and treating the disorder are reviewed. The risks associated with pregnancy after breast cancer treatment and the effect of pregnancy on …
Chemotherapeutic Drugs In Pregnancy, Kimberly Leslie, C. Koil, W. Rayburn
Chemotherapeutic Drugs In Pregnancy, Kimberly Leslie, C. Koil, W. Rayburn
Kimberly K. Leslie
Chemotherapy may be indicated for the treatment of cancer during pregnancy. The decision to use chemotherapy significantly impacts the pregnancy, and in turn the pregnancy may affect the treatment options available to patients with cancer. This review provides information about the effects of chemotherapeutic agents in pregnancy, taking into account both the mother and the fetus. For convenience, the agents are divided into categories based upon class and mechanism of action. These include alkylating agents, antimetabolites, nucleoside analogs, topoisomerase I inhibitors, topisomerase II inhibitors, vinca alkaloids, taxanes, and biologics such as signaling and growth factor blocking agents.
Chronic Hepatitis C In Pregnancy, E. Berkley, Kimberly Leslie, S. Arora, C. Qualls, J. Dunkelberg
Chronic Hepatitis C In Pregnancy, E. Berkley, Kimberly Leslie, S. Arora, C. Qualls, J. Dunkelberg
Kimberly K. Leslie
OBJECTIVE: To estimate outcomes, to determine whether appropriate follow-up was performed for pregnant patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV), and to show that maternal and neonatal complications would be higher in the HCV-positive group. METHODS: We compared pregnant women from a drug dependence and treatment program who were HCV antibody-positive with those who were HCV antibody-negative using the University of New Mexico Perinatal Database. Maternal and neonatal outcomes were evaluated, including cholestasis of pregnancy, preterm birth, low birth weight, neonatal intensive care unit admissions, and neonatal methadone withdrawal. Variables were compared using Student t, Fisher exact, and chi(2) tests. RESULTS: …