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Articles 31 - 60 of 178
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Inner Gorges Cut By Subglacial Meltwater During Fennoscandian Ice Sheet Decay, John Jansen, Alexandru T. Codilean, Arjen P. Stroeven, Derek Fabel, C Hattestrand, Johan Kleman, J M. Harbor, J Heymann, Peter Kubik, S Xu
Inner Gorges Cut By Subglacial Meltwater During Fennoscandian Ice Sheet Decay, John Jansen, Alexandru T. Codilean, Arjen P. Stroeven, Derek Fabel, C Hattestrand, Johan Kleman, J M. Harbor, J Heymann, Peter Kubik, S Xu
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
The century-long debate over the origins of inner gorges that were repeatedly covered by Quaternary glaciers hinges upon whether the gorges are fluvial forms eroded by subaerial rivers, or subglacial forms cut beneath ice. Here we apply cosmogenic nuclide exposure dating to seven inner gorges along ~500 km of the former Fennoscandian ice sheet margin in combination with a new deglaciation map. We show that the timing of exposure matches the advent of ice-free conditions, strongly suggesting that gorges were cut by channelized subglacial meltwater while simultaneously being shielded from cosmic rays by overlying ice. Given the exceptional hydraulic efficiency …
The Impact Of Spectral Resolution On Satellite Retrieval Accuracy Of Co2 And Ch4, A Galli, Sandrine Guerlet, Andre Butz, Ilse Aben, H Suto, A Kuze, Nicholas Deutscher, Justus Notholt, Debra Wunch, Paul Wennberg, D W. T Griffith, Otto Hasekamp, J Landgraf
The Impact Of Spectral Resolution On Satellite Retrieval Accuracy Of Co2 And Ch4, A Galli, Sandrine Guerlet, Andre Butz, Ilse Aben, H Suto, A Kuze, Nicholas Deutscher, Justus Notholt, Debra Wunch, Paul Wennberg, D W. T Griffith, Otto Hasekamp, J Landgraf
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
The Fourier-transform spectrometer on board the Japanese GOSAT (Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite) satellite offers an excellent opportunity to study the impact of instrument resolution on retrieval accuracy of CO2 and CH4. This is relevant to further improve retrieval accuracy and to optimize the cost-benefit ratio of future satellite missions for the remote sensing of greenhouse gases. To address this question, we degrade GOSAT measurements with a spectral resolution of ≈ 0.24 cm−1 step by step to a resolution of 1.5 cm−1. We examine the results by comparing relative differences at various resolutions, by referring the results to reference values from …
Isomer-Specific Product Detection Of Gas-Phase Xylyl Radical Rearrangement And Decomposition Using Vuv Synchrotron Photoionization, Patrick Hemberger, Adam J. Trevitt, Thomas Gerber, Edward Ross, Gabriel Da Silva
Isomer-Specific Product Detection Of Gas-Phase Xylyl Radical Rearrangement And Decomposition Using Vuv Synchrotron Photoionization, Patrick Hemberger, Adam J. Trevitt, Thomas Gerber, Edward Ross, Gabriel Da Silva
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Xylyl radicals are intermediates in combustion processes since their parent molecules, xylenes, are present as fuel additives. In this study we report on the photoelectron spectra of the three isomeric xylyl radicals and the subsequent decomposition reactions of the o-xylyl radical, generated in a tubular reactor and probed by mass selected threshold photoelectron spectroscopy and VUV synchrotron radiation. Franck-Condon simulations are applied to augment the assignment of elusive species. Below 1000 K, o-xylyl radicals decompose by hydrogen atom loss to form closed-shell o-xylylene, which equilibrates with benzocyclobutene. At higher temperatures relevant to combustion engines, o-xylylene generates styrene in a multistep …
Critical Cartography And The Use Of New Technologies For Conserving The Australian Coastline: A Case Study From Lord Howe Island, Sarah Hamylton
Critical Cartography And The Use Of New Technologies For Conserving The Australian Coastline: A Case Study From Lord Howe Island, Sarah Hamylton
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Maps exert power. In this paper I explore the power of maps in relation to the technical methods employed and the political context of their production. The internal power of maps is realised in the actions taken by cartographers themselves when making maps, while the external power of maps is both realised by the patrons of cartography and wielded through the use of cartographic products as agents for natural resource management, in particular for defining conservation strategies. An Australian case study of coastal mapping is used to examine the methods employed and motivation behind map production through a series of …
Synthesis, Properties, Water And Solute Permeability Of Mwnt Buckypapers, Md. Harun-Or Rashid, Son Q. T Pham, Luke J. Sweetman, Leighton J. Alcock, Anthony Wise, Long D. Nghiem, Gerry Triani, Marc In Het Panhuis, Stephen F. Ralph
Synthesis, Properties, Water And Solute Permeability Of Mwnt Buckypapers, Md. Harun-Or Rashid, Son Q. T Pham, Luke J. Sweetman, Leighton J. Alcock, Anthony Wise, Long D. Nghiem, Gerry Triani, Marc In Het Panhuis, Stephen F. Ralph
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
High power tip sonication was used to prepare dispersions containing multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs), or multi-walled carbon nanotubes functionalised with carboxylic acid groups (MWNT-COOH) or amine groups (MWNT-NH2). The dispersion of carbon nanotubes was facilitated by the presence of a surfactant (Triton X-100) or various macrocyclic ligands (derivatised porphyrin, phthalocyanine or calixarene) in the solution. Vacuum filtration of the dispersions afforded self-supporting membranes known as buckypapers. Microanalysis provided evidence for retention of the surfactant or macrocyclic ligands in the buckypapers, which were also characterised by measurement of their electrical conductivities (24±16 to 58±11 S/cm), contact angles (28±1° to 55±10°) and …
Discordance Between Cosmogenic Nuclide Concentrations In Amalgamated Sands And Individual Fluvial Pebbles In An Arid Zone Catchment, Alexandru T. Codilean, Cassandra R. Fenton, Derek Fabel, Paul Bishop, Sheng Xu
Discordance Between Cosmogenic Nuclide Concentrations In Amalgamated Sands And Individual Fluvial Pebbles In An Arid Zone Catchment, Alexandru T. Codilean, Cassandra R. Fenton, Derek Fabel, Paul Bishop, Sheng Xu
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Based on cosmogenic 10Be and 26Al analyses in 15 individual detrital quartz pebbles (16–21 mm) and cosmogenic 10Be in amalgamated medium sand (0.25–0.50 mm), all collected from the outlet of the upper Gaub River catchment in Namibia, quartz pebbles yield a substantially lower average denudation rate than those yielded by the amalgamated sand sample. 10Be and 26Al concentrations in the 15 individual pebbles span nearly two orders of magnitude (0.22 ± 0.01 to 20.74 ± 0.52 × 10610Be atoms g−1 and 1.35 ± 0.09 to 72.76 ± 2.04 × 10626Al atoms g−1, respectively) and yield average denudation rates of ∼0.7 …
Using Communities Of Practice To Enhance Interdisciplinary Teaching: Lessons From Four Australian Institutions, Emma Pharo, Aidan Davison, Helen Mcgregor, Kristin Warr, Paul Brown
Using Communities Of Practice To Enhance Interdisciplinary Teaching: Lessons From Four Australian Institutions, Emma Pharo, Aidan Davison, Helen Mcgregor, Kristin Warr, Paul Brown
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
We report on the establishment of communities of practice at four Australian institutions and evaluate their effectiveness and durability as a means of building staff and institutional capacity for interdisciplinary teaching. A community of practice approach is a potentially valuable methodology for overcoming dynamics of fragmentation, isolation and competition within universities. The communities we established were anchored by a shared focus on the topic of climate change and they worked collaboratively to build relationships of trust and reciprocity between teachers in a wide range of disciplines. The aim of each community was to improve the teaching of climate change through …
Will Coral Islands Maintain Their Growth Over The Next Century? A Deterministic Model Of Sediment Availability At Lady Elliot Island, Great Barrier Reef, Sarah Hamylton
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
A geomorphic assessment of reef system calcification is conducted for past (3200 Ka to present), present and future (2010-2100) time periods. Reef platform sediment production is estimated at 569 m3 yr−1 using rate laws that express gross community carbonate production as a function of seawater aragonite saturation, community composition and rugosity and incorporating estimates of carbonate removal from the reef system. Key carbonate producers including hard coral, crustose coralline algae and Halimeda are mapped accurately (mean R2 = 0.81). Community net production estimates correspond closely to independent census-based estimates made in-situ (R2 = 0.86). Reef-scale outputs are compared with historic …
Trace Elements And Metal Pollution In Aerosols At An Alpine Site, New Zealand: Sources, Concentrations And Implications, Samuel K. Marx, Karen S. Lavin, Kimberly J. Hageman, Balz S. Kamber, Tadhg O'Loingsigh, Grant H. Mctainsh
Trace Elements And Metal Pollution In Aerosols At An Alpine Site, New Zealand: Sources, Concentrations And Implications, Samuel K. Marx, Karen S. Lavin, Kimberly J. Hageman, Balz S. Kamber, Tadhg O'Loingsigh, Grant H. Mctainsh
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Atmospheric aerosol samples were collected at a remote site in New Zealand's Southern Alps. Collected samples were found to be a mixture of New Zealand and Australian sourced sediment, using their trace element signatures. Aerosol concentrations and the relative contribution of different sources was found to be a function of specific air-mass trajectories influencing the study site, dust entrainment rates in source areas and rainfall. Results show that Australian dust is a major source of particulate matter in New Zealand, particularly in remote alpine locations; however, locally derived dust is also important. Metal pollutants, including Pb, Cu and Sn, were …
Cosmogenic 3he And 21ne Surface Exposure Dating Of Young Basalts From Southern Mendoza, Argentina, Venera R. Espanon, Masahiko Honda, Allan R. Chivas
Cosmogenic 3he And 21ne Surface Exposure Dating Of Young Basalts From Southern Mendoza, Argentina, Venera R. Espanon, Masahiko Honda, Allan R. Chivas
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Southern Mendoza, Argentina, is characterised by abundant Pleistocene to Holocene volcanism associated with back-arc magmatism, influenced by the subducting Nazca plate. Age determinations in this volcanic area have been improved during the last 5 years. However, there are some volcanic features especially in the Payunia Volcanic Field (PVF) which suggest fairly recent eruptions and which have not been chronologically determined. Recent studies on the Llancanelo Volcanic Field (LLVF) and PVF have determined volcanic activity mainly using K-Ar and 40Ar/39Ar as well as cosmogenic 3He. However, K-Ar and 40Ar/39Ar fail to produce reliable ages in Holocene basaltic flows. To better constrain …
Distributed Leadership: Building Capacity For Interdisciplinary Climate Change Teaching At Four Universities, Aidan Davison, Paul Brown, Emma Pharo, Kristin Warr, Helen Mcgregor, Sarah Terkes, Davina Boyd, Pamela Abuodha
Distributed Leadership: Building Capacity For Interdisciplinary Climate Change Teaching At Four Universities, Aidan Davison, Paul Brown, Emma Pharo, Kristin Warr, Helen Mcgregor, Sarah Terkes, Davina Boyd, Pamela Abuodha
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Purpose - Interdisciplinary approaches to climate change teaching are well justified and arise from the complexity of climate change challenges and the integrated problem-solving responses they demand. These approaches require academic teachers to collaborate across disciplines. Yet, the fragmentation typical of universities impedes collaborative teaching practice. This paper aims to report on the outcomes of a distributed leadership project in four Australian universities aimed at enhancing interdisciplinary climate change teaching. Design/methodology/approach - Communities of teaching practice were established at four Australian universities with participants drawn from a wide range of disciplines. The establishment and operation of these communities relied on …
Simultaneous Nitrification/Denitrification And Trace Organic Contaminant (Troc) Removal By An Anoxic-Aerobic Membrane Bioreactor (Mbr), Hop Phan, Faisal Ibney Hai, Jinguo Kang, Hoa Dam, Ren Zhang, William Price, Andreas Broeckmann, Long Nghiem
Simultaneous Nitrification/Denitrification And Trace Organic Contaminant (Troc) Removal By An Anoxic-Aerobic Membrane Bioreactor (Mbr), Hop Phan, Faisal Ibney Hai, Jinguo Kang, Hoa Dam, Ren Zhang, William Price, Andreas Broeckmann, Long Nghiem
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Simultaneous nitrification/denitrification and trace organic contaminant (TrOC) removal during wastewater treatment by an integrated anoxic-aerobic MBR was examined. A set of 30 compounds was selected to represent TrOCs that occur ubiquitously in domestic wastewater. The system achieved over 95% total organic carbon (TOC) and over 80% total nitrogen (TN) removal. In addition, 21 of the 30 TrOCs investigated here were removed by over 90%. Low oxidation reduction potential (i.e., anoxic/anaerobic) regimes were conducive to moderate to high (50% to 90%) removal of nine TrOCs. These included four pharmaceuticals and personal care products (primidone, metronidazole, triclosan, and amitriptyline), one steroid hormone …
Interdependency Of Tropical Marine Ecosystems In Response To Climate Change, Megan I. Saunders, Javier X. Leon, David P. Callaghan, Chris M. Roelfsema, Sarah Hamylton, Christopher J. Brown, Tom Baldock, Aliasghar Golshani, Stuart R. Phinn, Catherine E. Lovelock, Ove Hoegh-Guldberg, Colin Woodroffe, Peter J. Mumby
Interdependency Of Tropical Marine Ecosystems In Response To Climate Change, Megan I. Saunders, Javier X. Leon, David P. Callaghan, Chris M. Roelfsema, Sarah Hamylton, Christopher J. Brown, Tom Baldock, Aliasghar Golshani, Stuart R. Phinn, Catherine E. Lovelock, Ove Hoegh-Guldberg, Colin Woodroffe, Peter J. Mumby
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Ecosystems are linked within landscapes by the physical and biological processes they mediate. In such connected landscapes, the response of one ecosystem to climate change could have profound consequences for neighbouring systems. Here, we report the first quantitative predictions of interdependencies between ecosystems in response to climate change. In shallow tropical marine ecosystems, coral reefs shelter lagoons from incoming waves, allowing seagrass meadows to thrive. Deepening water over coral reefs from sea-level rise results in larger, more energetic waves traversing the reef into the lagoon1, 2, potentially generating hostile conditions for seagrass. However, growth of coral reef such that the …
Preliminary Results Of Dietary And Environmental Reconstructions Of Early To Middle Pleistocene Stegodons From The So'a Basin Of Flores, Indonesia, Based On Enamel Stable Isotope Records, Mika Puspaningrum, Gerrit Van Den Bergh, Allan Chivas, Erick Setiabudi, Iwan Kurniawan, Adam Brumm, Thomas Sutikna
Preliminary Results Of Dietary And Environmental Reconstructions Of Early To Middle Pleistocene Stegodons From The So'a Basin Of Flores, Indonesia, Based On Enamel Stable Isotope Records, Mika Puspaningrum, Gerrit Van Den Bergh, Allan Chivas, Erick Setiabudi, Iwan Kurniawan, Adam Brumm, Thomas Sutikna
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Abstract of a paper that was presented at the VIth International Conference on Mammoths and their Relatives, Greece, 5-12 May 2014.
Tectono-Stratigraphy And Structure Of The Northwestern Zagros Collision Zone Across The Iraq-Iran Border, Sarmad A. Ali, Mohammad Mohajjel, Khalid Aswad, Sabah Ismail, Solomon Buckman, Brian Jones
Tectono-Stratigraphy And Structure Of The Northwestern Zagros Collision Zone Across The Iraq-Iran Border, Sarmad A. Ali, Mohammad Mohajjel, Khalid Aswad, Sabah Ismail, Solomon Buckman, Brian Jones
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Tectono-stratigraphic units within the Zagros Orogen in northeast Iraq (foreland) and northwest Iran (hinterland) are correlated to provide an integrated map along the collision zone. Access to this part of Iraq during the past four decades has been limited due to geopolitical situation. Structural cross-sections across the Zagros Suture Zone in this area reveal the relationships between the tectonic terranes of various ages and different origins. Terranes of oceanic affinity have accreted onto the Arabian plate during collision-accretion events that started in the Late Cretaceous. The collision resulted in closure of the Neotethys Ocean and the construction of a structurally …
Himalayan Denudation: Noise Vs. Time, Oliver Korup, Henry Munack, Alexandru T. Codilean, Jan-Henrik Blothe, Peter Kubik
Himalayan Denudation: Noise Vs. Time, Oliver Korup, Henry Munack, Alexandru T. Codilean, Jan-Henrik Blothe, Peter Kubik
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
Geophysical Research Abstracts of EGU General Assembly 2014, held 27 April - 2 May, 2014 in Vienna, Austria.
Factors Governing The Rejection Of Trace Organic Contaminants By Nanofiltration And Reverse Osmosis Membranes, Hai Q. Dang, Long D. Nghiem, William E. Price
Factors Governing The Rejection Of Trace Organic Contaminants By Nanofiltration And Reverse Osmosis Membranes, Hai Q. Dang, Long D. Nghiem, William E. Price
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
This study aimed to elucidate key factors governing the rejection of trace organic contaminants (TrOCs) by nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) membranes. The rejection of 16 selected hydrophilic and hydrophobic TrOCs by an NF and an RO membranes was evaluated at different solution pH values using a cross-flow NF/RO filtration system. An analytical technique consisting of solid phase extraction followed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry detection was used for the analysis of the TrOCs. In general, rejection increased in the order of decreasing membrane permeability, increasing molecular weight (or equivalent molecular width) of the TrOCs, and increasing hydrophilicity. …
Removal Of Trace Organic Contaminants By Nitrifying Activated Sludge And Whole-Cell And Crude Enzyme Extract Of Trametes Versicolor, Shufan Yang, Faisal I. Hai, Long D. Nghiem, Felicity Roddick, William E. Price
Removal Of Trace Organic Contaminants By Nitrifying Activated Sludge And Whole-Cell And Crude Enzyme Extract Of Trametes Versicolor, Shufan Yang, Faisal I. Hai, Long D. Nghiem, Felicity Roddick, William E. Price
William E. Price
The resistance of certain anthropogenic trace organic contaminants (TrOCs) to conventional wastewater treatment and their potential adverse effects on human and ecological health raise significant concerns and have prompted research on their bioremediation by white-rot fungi. This study compared the removal efficiencies of four widespread TrOCs: carbamazepine (CBZ), sulfamethoxazole (SMX), bisphenol A (BPA) and diclofenac (DCF), by nitrifying activated sludge as well as whole-cell and extracellular enzyme (laccase) extract of the white-rot fungus Trametes versicolor. Fungal whole-cell culture removed only BPA and DCF but with high efficiencies (>90%) while the mixed nitrifying culture removed all compounds, although by levels …
Systematic Enso-Driven Nutrient Variability Recorded By Central Equatorial Pacific Corals, Michele Lavigne, Intan S. Nurhati, Kim M. Cobb, Helen V. Mcgregor, Daniel Sinclair, Robert M. Sherrell
Systematic Enso-Driven Nutrient Variability Recorded By Central Equatorial Pacific Corals, Michele Lavigne, Intan S. Nurhati, Kim M. Cobb, Helen V. Mcgregor, Daniel Sinclair, Robert M. Sherrell
Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A
[1] Variations in ocean productivity are driven largely by nutrient supply to the photic zone, but temporal records of nutrient variability are sparse. Here we show scleractinian coral P/Ca proxy records of variations in phosphate concentrations during El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycles in the central equatorial Pacific. Covarying P/Ca records in Porites corals from Christmas and Fanning Islands show a regional ~40% decrease during the upwelling relaxation of the 1997–1998 El Niño, consistent with less frequent nutrient measurements from this area. Similar ~35–45% skeletal P/Ca decreases occur during the 1982–1983 and 1986–1987 El Niño events, which predate satellite color …
Bioregional Assessment Project: Sydney Metropolitan, Southern Rivers And Hawkesbury-Nepean Catchments: Data Collation Phase To Study The Impact Of Mining Activity And Coal Seam Gas On Environmental Assets, John Bradd, Tim Cohen, Sam Marx, Sol Buckman, Emma Burkhardt, A Clarke, Nicole Cook, Stephen Cullen, James Daley, Alexi Gavin, Ren Hu, Emma Kiekebosch-Fitt, Matt Lemcke, Andrew Lowe, Thomas Mcmahon, Luke Mcneilage, Kaitlyn O'Mara, Garth Nagle, Sam Robson, Carolyn Silveri, Joe Stammers
Bioregional Assessment Project: Sydney Metropolitan, Southern Rivers And Hawkesbury-Nepean Catchments: Data Collation Phase To Study The Impact Of Mining Activity And Coal Seam Gas On Environmental Assets, John Bradd, Tim Cohen, Sam Marx, Sol Buckman, Emma Burkhardt, A Clarke, Nicole Cook, Stephen Cullen, James Daley, Alexi Gavin, Ren Hu, Emma Kiekebosch-Fitt, Matt Lemcke, Andrew Lowe, Thomas Mcmahon, Luke Mcneilage, Kaitlyn O'Mara, Garth Nagle, Sam Robson, Carolyn Silveri, Joe Stammers
Solomon Buckman Dr.
This study was commissioned by the Hawkesbury-Nepean (HNCMA), Sydney Metropolitan (SMCMA) and Southern Rivers (SRCMA) Catchment Management Authorities and undertaken by the University of Wollongong to collate existing data and to provide a preliminary assessment of the potential impacts of coal seam gas (CSG) and coal mining activities on environmental assets within the three CMA regions, where environmental assets were defined under three broad themes; water, land and biodiversity. This study formed part of the Australian Federal Government’s Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (SEWPaC) Bioregional Assessment initiative within regions potentially affected by CSG and coal mining activities. …
A Methodology For The Rapid Assessment Of The Potential Impact And Hazard Of Coal Seam Gas Mining On Aquifers And The Environment, John M. Bradd, Emma Kiekebosch-Fitt, Tim J. Cohen, Sam K. Marx, Solomon Buckman
A Methodology For The Rapid Assessment Of The Potential Impact And Hazard Of Coal Seam Gas Mining On Aquifers And The Environment, John M. Bradd, Emma Kiekebosch-Fitt, Tim J. Cohen, Sam K. Marx, Solomon Buckman
Solomon Buckman Dr.
The potential environmental impacts and hazards of coal seam gas mining in Australia are highly contentious and poorly understood. Concerns have been raised by communities, and the Australian government has incorporated management tools and strategies to address these concerns. The primary environmental issue associated with coal seam gas mining would be on the aquifers above the target coal seam. If the upper aquifers are affected in terms of quantity and quality, then there are cumulative impacts to the surface environment such as groundwater dependent ecosystems and surface waters. This paper will examine the Australian situation with regard to coal seam …
The Tectonic Evolution Of A Neo-Tethyan (Eocene-Oligocene) Island-Arc (Walash And Naopurdan Groups) In The Kurdistan Region Of The Northeast Iraqi Zagros Suture Zone, Sarmad A. Ali, Solomon Buckman, K J. Aswad, Brian G. Jones, Sabah A. Ismail, Allen P. Nutman
The Tectonic Evolution Of A Neo-Tethyan (Eocene-Oligocene) Island-Arc (Walash And Naopurdan Groups) In The Kurdistan Region Of The Northeast Iraqi Zagros Suture Zone, Sarmad A. Ali, Solomon Buckman, K J. Aswad, Brian G. Jones, Sabah A. Ismail, Allen P. Nutman
Solomon Buckman Dr.
The Walash and Naopurdan groups are incorporated into the lower allochthonous thrust sheet in the Iraqi Zagros Suture Zone (IZSZ). 40Ar–39Ar dates on magmatic feldspar separates from both Walash and Naopurdan volcanic rocks indicate an Eocene–Oligocene age (43.01 ± 0.15 to 24.31 ± 0.60 Ma). The Walash and Naopurdan groups form a thrust sheet that is structurally overlain by an upper allochthon of Cretaceous arc-related rocks (106–92 Ma) now known as the Hasanbag igneous complex (formerly known as the Gemo–Qandil Group). The Walash and Naopurdan lower allochthon is thrust over the foreland basin Red Beds series. Volcanic and subvolcanic units …
Removal Of Trace Organic Contaminants By Nitrifying Activated Sludge And Whole-Cell And Crude Enzyme Extract Of Trametes Versicolor, Shufan Yang, Faisal Hai, Long Nghiem, Felicity Roddick, William Price
Removal Of Trace Organic Contaminants By Nitrifying Activated Sludge And Whole-Cell And Crude Enzyme Extract Of Trametes Versicolor, Shufan Yang, Faisal Hai, Long Nghiem, Felicity Roddick, William Price
Faisal I Hai
The resistance of certain anthropogenic trace organic contaminants (TrOCs) to conventional wastewater treatment and their potential adverse effects on human and ecological health raise significant concerns and have prompted research on their bioremediation by white-rot fungi. This study compared the removal efficiencies of four widespread TrOCs: carbamazepine (CBZ), sulfamethoxazole (SMX), bisphenol A (BPA) and diclofenac (DCF), by nitrifying activated sludge as well as whole-cell and extracellular enzyme (laccase) extract of the white-rot fungus Trametes versicolor. Fungal whole-cell culture removed only BPA and DCF but with high efficiencies (>90%) while the mixed nitrifying culture removed all compounds, although by levels …
Rapid Differentiation Of Isomeric Lipids By Photodissociation Mass Spectrometry Of Fatty Acid Derivatives, Huong T. Pham, Adam J. Trevitt, Todd W. Mitchell, Stephen J. Blanksby
Rapid Differentiation Of Isomeric Lipids By Photodissociation Mass Spectrometry Of Fatty Acid Derivatives, Huong T. Pham, Adam J. Trevitt, Todd W. Mitchell, Stephen J. Blanksby
Adam Trevitt
RATIONALE Both traditional electron ionization and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry have demonstrated limitations in the unambiguous identification of fatty acids. In the former case, high electron energies lead to extensive dissociation of the radical cations from which little specific structural information can be obtained. In the latter, conventional collision-induced dissociation (CID) of even-electron ions provides little intra-chain fragmentation and thus few structural diagnostics. New approaches that harness the desirable features of both methods, namely radical-driven dissociation with discrete energy deposition, are thus required. METHODS Herein we describe the derivatization of a structurally diverse suite of fatty acids as 4-iodobenzyl …
Ultraviolet Action Spectroscopy Of Iodine Labeled Peptides And Proteins In The Gas Phase, Benjamin B. Kirk, Adam J. Trevitt, Stephen J. Blanksby, Yuanqi Tao, Benjamin N. Moore, Ryan Julian
Ultraviolet Action Spectroscopy Of Iodine Labeled Peptides And Proteins In The Gas Phase, Benjamin B. Kirk, Adam J. Trevitt, Stephen J. Blanksby, Yuanqi Tao, Benjamin N. Moore, Ryan Julian
Adam Trevitt
Structural investigations of large biomolecules in the gas phase are challenging. Herein, it is reported that action spectroscopy taking advantage of facile carbon-iodine bond dissociation can be used to examine the structures of large molecules, including whole proteins. Iodotyrosine serves as the active chromophore, which yields distinctive spectra depending on the solvation of the side chain by the remainder of the molecule. Isolation of the chromophore yields a double featured peak at 290 nm, which becomes a single peak with increasing solvation. Deprotonation of the side chain also leads to reduced apparent intensity and broadening of the action spectrum. The …
Does Addition Of No2 To Carbon-Centered Radicals Yield Rono Or Rno2? An Investigation Using Distonic Radical Ions, Benjamin B. Kirk, Adam J. Trevitt, Stephen J. Blanksby
Does Addition Of No2 To Carbon-Centered Radicals Yield Rono Or Rno2? An Investigation Using Distonic Radical Ions, Benjamin B. Kirk, Adam J. Trevitt, Stephen J. Blanksby
Adam Trevitt
Nitrogen dioxide is used as a "radical scavenger" to probe the position of carbon-centered radicals within complex radical ions in the gas phase. As with analogous neutral radical reactions, this addition results in formation of an [M + NO2](+) adduct, but the structural identity of this species remains ambiguous. Specifically, the question remains: do such adducts have a nitro-(RNO2) or nitrosoxy-(RONO) moiety, or are both isomers present in the adduct population? In order to elucidate the products of such reactions, we have prepared and isolated three distonic phenyl radical cations and observed their reactions with nitrogen dioxide in the gas …
Product Detection Of The Ch Radical Reaction With Acetaldehyde, Fabien Goulay, Adam Trevitt, John Savee, Jordy Bouwman, David Osborn, Craig Taatjes, Kevin Wilson, Stephen Leone
Product Detection Of The Ch Radical Reaction With Acetaldehyde, Fabien Goulay, Adam Trevitt, John Savee, Jordy Bouwman, David Osborn, Craig Taatjes, Kevin Wilson, Stephen Leone
Adam Trevitt
The reaction of the methylidyne radical (CH) with acetaldehyde (CH3CHO) is studied at room temperature and at a pressure of 4 Torr (533.3 Pa) using a multiplexed photoionization mass spectrometer coupled to the tunable vacuum ultraviolet synchrotron radiation of the Advanced Light Source at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. The CH radicals are generated by 248 nm multiphoton photolysis of CHBr3 and react with acetaldehyde in an excess of helium and nitrogen gas flow. Five reaction exit channels are observed corresponding to elimination of methylene (CH2), elimination of a formyl radical (HCO), elimination of carbon monoxide (CO), elimination of a methyl …
Uv Photodissociation Action Spectroscopy Of Haloanilinium Ions In A Linear Quadrupole Ion Trap Mass Spectrometer, Christopher S. Hansen, Benjamin B. Kirk, Stephen J. Blanksby, Richard A. J O'Hair, Adam J. Trevitt
Uv Photodissociation Action Spectroscopy Of Haloanilinium Ions In A Linear Quadrupole Ion Trap Mass Spectrometer, Christopher S. Hansen, Benjamin B. Kirk, Stephen J. Blanksby, Richard A. J O'Hair, Adam J. Trevitt
Adam Trevitt
UV-vis photodissociation action spectroscopy is becoming increasingly prevalent because of advances in, and commercial availability of, ion trapping technologies and tunable laser sources. This study outlines in detail an instrumental arrangement, combining a commercial ion-trap mass spectrometer and tunable nanosecond pulsed laser source, for performing fully automated photodissociation action spectroscopy on gas-phase ions. The components of the instrumentation are outlined, including the optical and electronic interfacing, in addition to the control software for automating the experiment and performing online analysis of the spectra. To demonstrate the utility of this ensemble, the photodissociation action spectra of 4-chloroanilinium, 4-bromoanilinium, and 4-iodoanilinium cations …
Formation Of Dimethylketene And Methacrolein By Reaction Of The Ch Radical With Acetone, Fabien Goulay, Adeeb Derakhshan, Eamonn Maher, Adam J. Trevitt, John D. Savee, Adam M. Scheer, David L. Osborn, Craig A. Taatjes
Formation Of Dimethylketene And Methacrolein By Reaction Of The Ch Radical With Acetone, Fabien Goulay, Adeeb Derakhshan, Eamonn Maher, Adam J. Trevitt, John D. Savee, Adam M. Scheer, David L. Osborn, Craig A. Taatjes
Adam Trevitt
The reaction of the methylidyne radical (CH) with acetone ((CH3)2CO) is studied at room temperature and at a pressure of 4 Torr (533.3 Pa) using a multiplexed photoionization mass spectrometer coupled to the tunable vacuum ultraviolet synchrotron radiation of the Advanced Light Source at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. The CH radicals are generated by 248 nm multiphoton photolysis of bromoform and react with acetone in an excess of helium and nitrogen gas flow. The main observed reaction exit channel is elimination of a hydrogen atom to form C4H6O isomers. Analysis of photoionization spectra identifies dimethylketene and methacrolein as the only …
Isolation And Characterization Of Charge-Tagged Phenylperoxyl Radicals In The Gas Phase: Direct Evidence For Products And Pathways In Low Temperature Benzene Oxidation, Benjamin Kirk, David Harman, Hilkka Kenttamaa, Adam Trevitt, Stephen Blanksby
Isolation And Characterization Of Charge-Tagged Phenylperoxyl Radicals In The Gas Phase: Direct Evidence For Products And Pathways In Low Temperature Benzene Oxidation, Benjamin Kirk, David Harman, Hilkka Kenttamaa, Adam Trevitt, Stephen Blanksby
Adam Trevitt
The phenylperoxyl radical has long been accepted as a critical intermediate in the oxidation of benzene and an archetype for arylperoxyl radicals in combustion and atmospheric chemistry. Despite being central to many contemporary mechanisms underpinning these chemistries, reports of the direct detection or isolation of phenylperoxyl radicals are rare and there is little experimental evidence connecting this intermediate with expected product channels. We have prepared and isolated two charge-tagged phenyl radical models in the gas phase [i.e., 4-(N,N,N-trimethylammonium)phenyl radical cation and 4-carboxylatophenyl radical anion] and observed their reactions with dioxygen by ion-trap mass spectrometry. Measured reaction rates show good agreement …