Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Investigation Of Antidiabetic Of Antidiabetic Activity And Pharmacokinetics In Herbo-Mineral Ayurvedic Formulation ‘Arogyavardhini Gutika In Streptozotocin Induced Wistar Rat, Ruchi Bhattacharya, Bina Gidwani Prof., Shiv Shankar Shukla Prof., Ravindra Kumar Pandey Prof.

Palestinian Medical and Pharmaceutical Journal

Aim: Herbs, spices, and minerals are important therapeutic attributes of ayurvedic formulations. The formulation Arogyavardhini Gutika is mentioned in the essential drug list of the Ayurvedic Formulary of India. It has a claimed safety profile and is used for the treatment of jaundice, leprosy, fever, oedema, obesity, skin disorders, and other hepatic issues. Methods: An in- vitro study was performed by alpha-amylase inhibition using starch, iodine, and dinitrosalicyclic acid. An in-vivo study was performed using a streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model. Graded doses of Arogyavardhini gutika (200 and 500 mg/kg) were administered orally for 14 days to normal and streptozotocin-induced …

The Impact Of Evidence-Based Diabetes Self-Management Education In A1c Levels In Adults With Type 2 Diabetes, Concepcion Fanous

MSN Capstone Projects

Diabetes Mellitus II is a leading cause of death in the United States, imposing a significant healthcare cost. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2020), one out of every ten Americans have been diagnosed with diabetes, with 90 to 95% of them having type 2 diabetes (T2d). Effective management T2d is crucial to prevent clinical complications, expensive medical care, and a diminished quality of life. Uncontrolled diabetes can lead to severe medical complications including atherosclerotic cardiac cardiovascular disease, renal disease, and microvascular disease (American Diabetes Association [ADA], 2021). The economic burden of diabetes complications amounted to …

Increasing Energetic Demands On Photoreceptors In Diabetes Corrects Retinal Lipid Dysmetabolism And Reduces Subsequent Microvascular Damage, Sheng Zhang, Xiaochao Wei, Megan Bowers, Sebastian Jessberger, Marcin Golczak, Clay F Semenkovich, Rithwick Rajagopal

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Mechanisms responsible for the pathogenesis of diabetic retinal disease remain incompletely understood, but they likely involve multiple cellular targets, including photoreceptors. Evidence suggests that dysregulated de novo lipogenesis in photoreceptors is a critical early target of diabetes. Following on this observation, the present study aimed to determine whether two interventions shown to improve diabetic retinopathy in mice-pharmacologic visual cycle inhibition and prolonged dark adaptation-reduce photoreceptor anabolic lipid metabolism. Elevated retinal lipid biosynthetic signaling was observed in two mouse models of diabetes, with both models showing reduced retinal AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) signaling, elevated acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC) signaling, and increased activity …

Characteristics And Outcomes Of Patients With Pregnancy-Related End-Stage Kidney Disease., Lauren Kucirka, Ana Angarita, Tracy Manuck, Kim Boggess, Vimal Derebail, Mollie Wood, Michelle Meyer, Dorry Segev, Monica Reynolds

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Papers

IMPORTANCE: The incidence of pregnancy-related acute kidney injury is increasing and is associated with significant maternal morbidity including progression to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Little is known about characteristics and long-term outcomes of patients who develop pregnancy-related ESKD.

OBJECTIVES: To examine the characteristics and clinical outcomes of patients with pregnancy-related ESKD and to investigate associations between pre-ESKD nephrology care and outcomes.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This was a cohort study of 183 640 reproductive-aged women with incident ESKD between January 1, 2000, and November 20, 2020, from the US Renal Data System and maternal data from births captured in the …

Survival Of Veterans Treated With Enzalutamide And Abiraterone For Metastatic Castrate Resistant Prostate Cancer Based On Comorbid Diseases, Martin W Schoen, Kenneth R Carson, Seth A Eisen, Charles L Bennett, Suhong Luo, Melissa A Reimers, Eric M Knoche, Alison L Whitmer, Yan Yan, Bettina F Drake, Kristen M Sanfilippo

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Comorbid diseases influence patient outcomes, yet little is known about how comorbidities interact with treatments for metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). No head-to-head trials have compared the efficacy of abiraterone and enzalutamide - oral androgen-receptor targeted agents (ARTAs) for mCRPC. In patients with comorbid disease, outcomes with ARTAs may differ due to disparate mechanisms of action, adverse events, and drug interactions.

METHODS: Retrospective observational study of US veterans initiating treatment for mCRPC with abiraterone or enzalutamide between September 2014 and June 2017. Treatment duration and overall survival (OS) was compared based on age and comorbid diseases. The association between …

Increasing Energetic Demands On Photoreceptors In Diabetes Corrects Retinal Lipid Dysmetabolism And Reduces Subsequent Microvascular Damage, Sheng Zhang, Xiaochao Wei, Megan Bowers, Sebastian Jessberger, Marcin Golczak, Clay F Semenkovich, Rithwick Rajagopal

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Mechanisms responsible for the pathogenesis of diabetic retinal disease remain incompletely understood, but they likely involve multiple cellular targets, including photoreceptors. Evidence suggests that dysregulated de novo lipogenesis in photoreceptors is a critical early target of diabetes. Following on this observation, the present study aimed to determine whether two interventions shown to improve diabetic retinopathy in mice-pharmacologic visual cycle inhibition and prolonged dark adaptation-reduce photoreceptor anabolic lipid metabolism. Elevated retinal lipid biosynthetic signaling was observed in two mouse models of diabetes, with both models showing reduced retinal AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) signaling, elevated acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC) signaling, and increased activity …

Evidence-Based Intervention For Decreasing Chronic Kidney Progression In Patients With Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus, Lynn M. Johnson

Student Scholarly Projects

Practice Problem: The overall management of Type II Diabetes Mellitus (DM II) and the complications that accompany along with comorbidities are debilitating and financially exhausting. The American Diabetes Association dietary recommends a consistent low-carbohydrate diet to maintain optimal blood glucose levels to prevent complications and progression of other comorbidities. Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus leads to the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) which can lead to the progression to End Stage Renal Disease.

PICOT: In patients in the outpatient setting aged 18 years and older(P), how does the ADA dietary guidelines for patients with type II DM(I) compared with patients self-reported …

Dysregulated Cd200-Cd200r Signaling In Early Diabetes Modulates Microglia-Mediated Retinopathy, Charles W Pfeifer, James T Walsh, Andrea Santeford, Joseph B Lin, Wandy L Beatty, Ryo Terao, Yizhou A Liu, Keitaro Hase, Philip A Ruzycki, Rajendra S Apte

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a neurovascular complication of diabetes. Recent investigations have suggested that early degeneration of the neuroretina may occur prior to the appearance of microvascular changes; however, the mechanisms underlying this neurodegeneration have been elusive. Microglia are the predominant resident immune cell in the retina and adopt dynamic roles in disease. Here, we show that ablation of retinal microglia ameliorates visual dysfunction and neurodegeneration in a type I diabetes mouse model. We also provide evidence of enhanced microglial contact and engulfment of amacrine cells, ultrastructural modifications, and transcriptome changes that drive inflammation and phagocytosis. We show that CD200-CD200R …

Comorbidity Clusters And In-Hospital Outcomes In Patients Admitted With Acute Myocardial Infarction In The Usa: A National Population-Based Study, Salwa Zghebi, Martin Rutter, Louise Sun, Waqas Ullah, Muhammad Rashid, Darren Ashcroft, Douglas Steinke, Stephen Weng, Evangelos Kontopantelis, Mamas Mamas

Division of Cardiology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of multimorbidity in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is increasing. It is unclear whether comorbidities cluster into distinct phenogroups and whether are associated with clinical trajectories.

METHODS: Survey-weighted analysis of the United States Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) for patients admitted with a primary diagnosis of AMI in 2018. In-hospital outcomes included mortality, stroke, bleeding, and coronary revascularisation. Latent class analysis of 21 chronic conditions was used to identify comorbidity classes. Multivariable logistic and linear regressions were fitted for associations between comorbidity classes and outcomes.

RESULTS: Among 416,655 AMI admissions included in the analysis, mean (±SD) age …

Euglycemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis In A Patient Using Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitor (Sglt 2 Inhibitor), Mays F. Abdulazeez, Alain Velazquez, Daniel Ibarias Paz, Aileen Aguilar, Baldemar Gonzalez, Heidi Pareja, Sunand Kallumadanda

Research Colloquium

Background: Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) is a life-threatening complication of Diabetes Mellitus type-1 and occasionally type-2 diabetes, associated with high blood glucose levels>250 mg/dl. Normal glucose levels in all diabetic patients may delay diagnosis and management of DKA and result in increased morbidity and mortality.

Case Presentation: A 68-year-old male having a medical history of Diabetes Mellitus type-2, atrial fibrillation, aortic stenosis status post total valve replacement, coronary artery disease, gastric bypass surgery, and previous stroke presented with two episodes of hematemesis a few hours prior to admission. The patient denied using drugs or ingestion of methanol, ethylene glycol, and …

Further Decoding The Molecular Relationship Between Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma And Diabetes Mellitus, Russell Moreland Iii, Anupam Dhasmana, Subhash C. Chauhan, Sheema Khan

Research Symposium

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a devastating malignancy, especially as there are no current reliable methods of screening. A significant relationship between PDAC and Diabetes Mellitus (DM), specifically a new onset of diabetes mellitus (NOD). The molecular network of PDAC and new onset DM is not completely understood. We sought to investigate the molecular network of these two diseases with the ultimate goal of identifying potential biomarkers to aid in the screening of PDAC.

Methods: We conducted a review for relevant articles concerning the molecular relationship between PDAC and DM. We compiled a list of 74 genes which have …

Necrotizing Fasciitis In A Patient With Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus - A Case Report, Mays F. Abdulazeez, Miguel Tamayo, Juan Garcia, Lester Rios, Andreina Prado, Alain Velazquez, Jose Cano, Heidi Pareja, Sunand Kallumadanda

Research Symposium

Background: Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a rare necrotizing soft tissue infection (NSTI) of high mortality; clinically characterized by fulminant tissue destruction and systemic signs of toxicity. Clinical manifestations include erythema (72%), extended edema (75%), severe pain (72%), fever (60%), crepitus (50%), skin bullae, necrosis, or ecchymosis (38%). Worldwide, 1:3 of patients with NF die from this rapidly progressive infection.

Case presentation: A 44-year-old female patient with a past medical history of DM type II attended ER with pain in the right inguinal area. Vital signs on admission were heart rate 113bpm, blood pressure 124/82mmHg, and temperature 38.1℃. A physical exam …

Chronic Illness Education 2023: Empowering Type I Diabetes Management In Adolescents (13-18 Yo), James Burtka, Nelson Pinto, Alyssa Rogers, Siddharth Tirumala, Maria Tjilos, Kaitlin Verkuilen, Aarti Patel

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2023: Simplifying Treatment Options For Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus, Mura Abdul-Nabi, Lukas Biel, Nitya Deshpande, Melissa Elmali, Joseph Mccormick, Emily Smith, Matthew Corsi

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2023: Implications Of Uncontrolled Type Ii Diabetes On Healthspan And Strategies Of Prevention, Chanel Harvey, Brian Hughes, Neeraj Ochaney, Aalia Siddiqui, Anna Zhao, Anneliese Rademacher

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2023: Diabetes Management In Arab American Communities With Middle Eastern Cuisine, Neeti Gandra, Uzair Khan, Christopher Rittle, Nora Sharba, Josiah Stryd, Gretchen Swift, Kinan Sawar

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2023: Increasing Nutritional Literacy For Adults Living With Type Ii Diabetes In Detroit, Mi, Morolayo Ilori, Katherine Gavagan, Izma Khaliq, Srikanth Pillai, Nabeel Sumbal, Derya Turk, Zechariah Jean

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2023: Nutritional Support For Pediatric Type Ii Diabetes Patients, Elizabeth Choi, Ramneet Chauhan, Emily Falkowski, Akarsh Lal, Damian Daryl Nucum, Shawn O'Malley, Kinan Sawar

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2023: Nontraditional Factors That Affect Blood Glucose: Things Diabetic Should Know, Hazem Alata, Rebecca Cameron, Desiree Duncan, Kyle O'Hollaren, Nicole Oska, Kyriacos Vlachos, Trey Vanaken

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2023: Pediatric Type Ii Diabetes Awareness And Management, Cameron Bear, Ashley Frei, Mithil Gudi, Justin Hassen, Madison Meyer, Grant Zydeck, Kinan Sawar

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2023: Carbohydrate Intake Log For Adolescents With Type I Diabetes To Estimate Their Own Insulin Dose., Christopher Carter, Neha Chava, Mai Daigle, Pranav Gopalakrishnan, William Mcroy, Stephanie Schervish, Jacqueline Townshend

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2023: The Impact Of Food Deserts On Adult Diabetes Mellitus, Stephanie Barna, Blaise Deschamps, Jack Mao, Armaan Naghdi, Anjani Raja, Noor Sulieman, Anneliese Rademacher

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2023: Glycemic Index And Diabetes, Michelle Chung, Olivia Decker, Nevil Khurana, Breanna Ramsey, Riley Wistrom, Sinyu Yang, Jacqueline Townshend

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Chronic Illness Education 2023: Healthy Living With Diabetes: How To Use And Understand Continuous Glucose Monitor (Cgm), Hussein Bazzi, Emma Breukink, Ranganath Kathawate, Ron Lukose, Vikram Rajan, Noor Sulaiman, Anneliese Rademacher

Patient Education Projects

No abstract provided.

Urban American Indian Experiences Living With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Elin E. Kambuga, Yitza A. Arcelay-Rojas

Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences

This qualitative interpretive study aimed to describe the experiences of 13 American Indians living in urban settings and their use of traditional healing and biomedical health services for type 2 diabetes. Urban American Indian adults living in the United States who used traditional healing and biomedical health services for type 2 diabetes were recruited for the study through purposive sampling, including snowball sampling. Thirteen participants completed semi-structured interviews. Participants reported positive experiences and barriers to traditional healing and Western biomedical services. They also discussed feelings of disorientation when diagnosed at a young age with type 2 diabetes but self-empowerment as …

Development Of A Biomarker Panel For Assessing Cardiovascular Risk In Diabetic Patients With Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia (Clti): A Prospective Study, Elisabetta Nardella, Federico Biscetti, Maria Margherita Rando, Andrea Leonardo Cecchini, Maria Anna Nicolazzi, Enrica Rossini, Flavia Angelini, Roberto Iezzi, Luis H. Eraso, Paul J. Dimuzio, Dario Pitocco, Massimo Massetti, Antonio Gasbarrini, Andrea Flex

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Lower-extremity endovascular revascularization (LER) is often required for diabetic patients with chronic limb threatening ischemia (CLTI). During the post-revascularization period patients may unpredictably experience major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and major adverse limb events (MALE). Several families of cytokines are involved in the inflammatory process that underlies the progression of atherosclerosis. According to current evidence, we have identified a panel of possible biomarkers related with the risk of developing MACE and MALE after LER. The aim was to study the relationship between a panel of biomarkers - Interleukin-1 (IL-1) and 6 (IL-6), C-Reactive Protein (CRP), Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α), …

Association Between Metabolic Syndrome And Stroke: A Population Based Cohort Study, Amir Moghadam-Ahmadi, Narjes Soltani, Fatemeh Ayoobi, Zahra Jamali, Tabandeh Sadeghi, Nazanin Jalali, Alireza Vakilian, Mohammad Amin Lotfi, Parvin Khalili

Department of Neuroscience Faculty Papers

Both metabolic syndrome (MetS) and stroke are associated with increased risk of mortality. Here, we aimed to assess the prevalence of MetS among adults using three definitions (Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP-III), International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and IDF ethnic specific cut-off for Iranian criteria) and its association with stroke. We performed a cross-sectional study of a total of 9991 adult participants of Rafsanjan Cohort Study (RCS), as part of the Prospective epidemiological research studies in Iran (PERSIAN cohort study). The MetS prevalence was evaluated in participants according to the different criteria. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the …

Exploring Quality Improvement For Diabetes Care In First Nations Communities In Canada: A Multiple Case Study., Meghan Fournie, Shannon L. Sibbald, Stewart B. Harris

Health Studies Publications

BACKGROUND: Indigenous peoples in Canada experience higher rates of diabetes and worse outcomes than non-Indigenous populations in Canada. Strategies are needed to address underlying health inequities and improve access to quality diabetes care. As part of the national FORGE AHEAD Research Program, this study explores two primary healthcare teams' quality improvement (QI) process of developing and implementing strategies to improve the quality of diabetes care in First Nations communities in Canada.

METHODS: This study utilized a community-based participatory and qualitative case study methodology. Multiple qualitative data sources were analyzed to understand: (1) how knowledge and information was used to inform …

Outcomes In Type Ii Diabetes Patients Through The Covid 19 Pandemic A Retrospective Chart Review, Zurwa Nishat, Tara Pellegrino, Robert Steer

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Context: The COVID-19 pandemic provided a unique opportunity for urgent expansion of telemedicine services as providers continued to supply longitudinal care to patients. Patients with type II diabetes were vulnerable to serious infection with COVID-19 as well as disruption in management of their chronic disease.

Objective: To delineate the outcomes in type II diabetes patients through the COVID-19 pandemic by a retrospective chart review in which disease management was evaluated through HbA1c levels and BMI.

Methods: This retrospective chart review included adult T2DM patients receiving care from five university family medicine offices in NJ. HbA1c levels and BMI values were …

The Effects Of Obesity And Diabetes On The Pediatric Population, Keyur Patel, Vrushank Shah, Zachary Harris, Kanad Mukherjee

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

The World Health Organization has declared diabetes (DM) and Obesity to be epidemics due to their rising prevalence. Obesity plays a role in the aetiopathogenesis of type 2 diabetes, the most common type of diabetes in the world, as well as the development of its complications. Obesity and overweight play a growing role in type 1 diabetes. Weight gain is often thought of as a side effect of insulin therapy, but it also has a significant pathophysiological impact at different stages of the disease. (1) In the United States and other nations across the world, childhood obesity has become a …