Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Health Literacy And Diabetes Outcomes In Adults With Type 2 Diabetes In Southwest Virginia, Casandra Reyes Arellano

Epsilon Sigma at-Large Research Conference

Purpose: To determine if a quality improvement project involving individualized, one-on-one Diabetes education will improve health literacy and Diabetes outcomes in adults with Type 2 Diabetes in a rural primary care clinic. Diabetes is a chronic condition affecting the United States with 9.6% of Virginia’s population living with Diabetes.

Aims: To improve patient’s Diabetes literacy scores, BMI, and Hemoglobin A1c levels through Diabetes education.

Processes: There are pre- and post-education phases. Data to be collected at the end of both phases consist of DNT15 scores, BMI, and A1c. In the pre-education phase, BMI was obtained, DNT15 was administered, and Diabetes …

Disparities In Clinical Outcomes Between Diabetic And Non-Diabetic Patients Following Lumbar Spinal Surgery: A Single-Institutional Cohort, Sami Shaikh, Santiago David Mendoza-Ayus, Glenn A. Gonzalez, Daniela A. Perez-Chadid, Kylee Shivok, James Harrop

Tower Health Research Day

No abstract provided.

A Case Of Chorea-Hemiballism In The Presence Of Labile Glucose Levels, Bhargavi Akkineni, Karina Torres

Research Colloquium

Introduction: Uncontrolled blood glucose is notorious for inflicting multi-organ pathologies. One such pathology, chorea-hemiballism, has been reported in individuals who exhibited either hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia, and although rare, it is debilitating and calls for active management.

Case Description: A 50-year-old female, with a past medical history of anemia, chronic kidney disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and hypertension, presented to the emergency room with acute onset chorea-hemiballism. Patient reported experiencing abnormal movements for two weeks prior to her ER visit, but otherwise denied prior episodes of movement disorders. On physical examination, patient displayed generalized jerky choreiform movements of upper and …

Tuberculosis In Elderly Hispanics: Bcg Vaccination At Birth Is Protective Whereas Diabetes Is Not A Risk Factor, Julia M. Scordo, Genesis P. Aguillón-Durán, Doris Ayala, Ana P. Quirino-Cerrillo, Eminé Rodriguez-Reyna, Francisco Mora-Guzmán, Jose A. Caso, Eder Ledezma-Campos, Larry Schlesinger, Jordi B. Torrelles, Joanne Turner, Blanca I. Restrepo

Research Symposium

Background. Aging increases the risk of tuberculosis (TB) and its adverse outcomes, but most studies are based on secondary analyses, and few are in Hispanics. Diabetes is a risk factor for TB in adults, but its contribution in the elderly is unknown. We aimed to identify the role of diabetes and other risk factors for TB in elderly Hispanics.

Methods. Cross-sectional study among newly-diagnosed TB patients, recent contacts (ReC), or community controls (CoC) totaling 646 participants, including 183 elderly (>60 years; 43 TB, 80 ReC, 60 CoC) and 463 adults (18 to 50 years; 80 TB, 301 …

Enhancing Appropriate Statin Therapy In Type 2 Diabetic Patients Aged Between 40-75 Years At Graduate Medical Education (Gme) Internal Medicine Clinic, Adriana Betancourth Alvarenga, Ans Albustamy, Ayesha Khan, Steffi Sathiyaraj, Nghia Nguyen, Martha Solis, Rodolfo Garza-Morales, Oscar Lopez, Yilen Karen Ng-Wong, Hector Arredondo, Andres R. Suarez Parraga

Research Symposium

Background: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is significantly higher in Rio Grande Valley than the rest of the United States. T2DM patients have an elevated risk of Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), and clinical trials have demonstrated the beneficial effects of statin therapy on ASCVD. A quality-improvement project was implemented in the GME Internal Medicine (IM) Clinic at Doctors Hospital at Renaissance to improve statin therapy appropriateness.

Methods: T2DM patients aged 40-75 were selected from the GME IM Clinic visits from July 2021 to October 2021 for baseline data and from January 2022 to April 2022 after implementing …

Identifying Barriers To Statin Therapy In Diabetic Patients In A Large Ambulatory Practice, Jennifer Moyer, Md, Rachel Ehrman-Dupre, Md, Andrew Rabovsky, Md, Simon Newsom, Md, Pooja Padgaonkar, Md, Julita Mitchell, Md, Sarah Hirsh, Md, Madeline Taskier, Md, Robert Wiley, Md, Lilli Flink, Md, Greta Bires, Md, Geoffrey Mills, Md

House Staff Quality Improvement and Patient Safety Conference (2020-)

Aim 1: To understand the root cause(s) for gaps in statin therapy within a large ambulatory care practice.

Aim 2: To improve provider awareness of indications for statin therapy, as recommended by the ACC/AHA guidelines.

Aim 3: To increase the proportion of patients with diabetes at our practice that are on statin therapy.

Renoprotective Effect Of Sglt-2 Inhibitors Vs ​ Ace Inhibitors In Type 2 Diabetes, Duncan Pickett

Capstone Showcase

Abstract

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide today, and consistently growing over the years. The illness is marked by progressively increased insulin resistance in the body’s cells, leading to glucose overload, and eventually cell and organ damage and death. One end result of DM2 is nephropathy. The current first-line treatment for DM2 is a class of drugs called angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors). ACE inhibitors are considered reno-protective, but eventually nephropathy occurs in patients taking the drug regardless. This paper will address the efficacy of a new alternative diabetes drug, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors …

Community Score Card (Csc) On The Quality Of Health Services In Phc Focusing On Patients With Diabetes Mellitus In The Municipality Of Lipjan, Agim N. Krasniqi

UBT International Conference

Community score card was first used in Lipjan Municipality as an instrument for measuring patient satisfaction with health services, and evaluation of PHC services by providers of these services, focusing on type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. This activity was developed in support of AQH, through the NGO POLIS and the workers of the PHC-Lipjan The purpose of this research was to identify community needs and opportunities to solve these problems, Involvement of the community in decision-making and monitoring of services in PHC, Relevance of findings by CSC and current internal management and Ministry of Health level.

Methodology …

The Effects Of Metformin, Aminoguanidine, And Pyridoxamine On Methylglyoxal Induced Cardiac Myocyte Injury, Amanda Harvey, Rose Martorana, Julia Colangeli, Hafsa Ahmed, Dean Delgado, Alisa Kim, Robinderpaul Sandhu, Robert J. Barsotti, Lindon H. Young, Qian Chen

Research Day

Advanced glycation end (AGE) products have been under investigation for their role in cardiovascular disease in complications. Methylglyoxal, a byproduct of glucose metabolism, is elevated in the blood of diabetic patients and has shown to be an important intermediate in the production of AGEs. Due to the highly reactive structure of methylglyoxal, it can produce high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within the cell via mitochondrial modification which results in a loss of cell membrane potential and possible cell death. The role of methylglyoxal in cardiac cells is not well known; in this study methylglyoxal induced cell injury and …

The Relationship Of Risk Of Falls And Activities Of Daily Living To 30-Day Hospital Readmission Among Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes, Sanath Shetty, Shmilah Choudhary, Meet Shah, Terrie Ginsberg D.O., Matthew H. Mclaughlin

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Introduction: Reducing thirty-day hospital readmissions is a top healthcare priority. However, there is little research describing the risk factors of readmission among patients with diabetes, especially for older adults. Understanding what the risk factors are for 30-day hospital readmission for older adults with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) would help identify patients at risk of rehospitalization.

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with 30-day unplanned hospital readmissions among older adults with T2DM. Factors to be investigated are: patient demographics, whether patients were at risk for falling, and patients’ activities of daily living (ADL) at discharge.

Methods: …

The Relationship Of Cardiovascular Disease To 30-Day Hospital Readmission Among Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Meet Shah, Shmilah Choudhary, Sanath Shetty, Terrie Ginsberg D.O., Matthew H. Mclaughlin

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Reducing thirty-day hospital readmissions is a top healthcare priority. However, there is little research describing the risk factors of readmission among patients with diabetes, especially for older adults. Understanding what the risk factors are for 30-day hospital readmission for older adults with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) would help identify patients at risk of rehospitalization. The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with 30-day unplanned hospital readmissions among older adults with T2DM.Factors to be investigated are: patient demographics and whether the patient was hospitalized for cardiovascular disease. Participants were older adults>65 years old with T2DM, admitted to …

Synergistic Effects Of Methylglyoxal And Hyperglycemia On Ros Generation And The Viability Of Cultured H9c2 Myoblast Cells, Robinderpal Sandhu, Dylan Lefkovitz, Al Ibe, Alisa Kim, Peter Wieczorek, Dean Delgado, Robert J. Barsotti, Lindon H. Young, Qian Chen

Research Day

Heart damage in diabetics may be closely related to the possible synergistic cellular damage from hyperglycemia and increased methylglyoxal levels. This study investigated the effects of glucose and/or methylglyoxal and/or metformin on H9c2 reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation measured by a dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFDA) assay and cell viability measured by a cell counting kit-8 assay after various treatments for 24 hours.

Glucose treatment (5 mM-40 mM) displayed similar cell viability (n=4) and ROS generation (n=7) when compared to control cells. By contrast, methylglyoxal (5 µM-1400 µM) decreased cell viability at higher concentration (1000 µM (51 ± 8%); 1200 µM (41 …

Identifying Motivators And Barriers For Wellness Programs To Inform Recruitment And Retention Of Diabetes Prevention Programs (Dpps), Beenish Kamran, Kate Beatty, Leighanne Hurst, Deborah L. Slawson

Appalachian Student Research Forum

Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) has increased greatly in incidence in the United States over the past decade. Diagnosis of T2DM is typically preceded by insulin resistance, which is typically indicated by increases in fasting blood sugar and called pre-diabetes. The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) is a group-based program focused on improving diet and maintaining consistent exercise towards a lower body weight. It has been found that minimum weight loss and 150 minutes of moderate exercise is more effective at preventing T2DM than medication-based treatment. Therefore, the DPP has potential in preventing T2DM however currently faces obstacles concerning recruitment …

The Impact Of Free Health Screenings At Community Pharmacies On Diabetes, Anna Smith, Jacques Allou, Jeniffer George, Jessica Amtower, Nicholas Daniels, Jeb Ballentine, Emily M. Laswell

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Diabetes is a prevalent issue in the United States, with an estimated 8.1 million people un-diagnosed as of 2012. Health screenings have been proven to identify diseases earlier, thereby resulting in earlier and more satisfactory treatment. Community pharmacies can offer many of the same screenings as those in doctor offices. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of free health screenings in community pharmacies on patient follow-up, perceptions, and knowledge of diabetes through blood glucose screenings and patient education. The study design was a pre-post observational study using surveys, blood sugar screenings, and patient education on diabetes. …

Your Life With Type Ii Diabetes: The Relationship Between Overall Health With And Without Diabetes, Cory Brandt, Jessika Jackson, Helen W. Bland

GS4 Georgia Southern Student Scholars Symposium

The purpose of this study is to assess the behavior of patients with Type 2 Diabetes and their ability to maintain a healthy and unassisted lifestyle. Research has shown showed that adults, especially older adults, with T2D will live a less healthy and more assisted lifestyle. In the United States it’s estimated that 25.6 million adults have T2D and another 79 million are at beginning stages of T2D (Kanaya, Gregorich, & Grossman, 2012). There are numerous health behaviors that can affect the risk of having T2D (Basha & Sunnarao, 2012). The instrument used in this study was a 17-question behavioral …

Bigpic: Bridging Income Generation With Provision Of Incentives For Care, Sonak Pastakia

Changing World Conference

No abstract provided.

Image Processing – I: Automated System For Macula Detection In Digital Retinal Images, Maryam Mubbashar, Anam Usman, M. Usman Akram

International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies

In the field of medicines, medical image processing plays a vital role to detect the abnormalities of eye or eye diseases like glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy. Macular degeneration is one of the medical conditions that affect the vision of elder people. If not detected in early stages it causes loss of eye sight. This paper presents an automated system for the localization and detection of macula in digital retinal images. In this paper, macula is first localized by making use of localized optic disc centre and enhanced blood vessels. Finally macula is detected by taking the distance from center of …