Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Fall 2021

Scientia

A Decade of Progress and Success; Speech Language Pathology Program; COVID-19 Long-Hauler Study; Peer Mentors Initiative; Faculty Update; Expert Engagement: Three CSH initiatives further education and scholarship while supporting communities in need; Strategic Command: Business consultant and med tech expert Stephen Sichak helps others face pandemic challenges; Taking Care: A School of Nursing research team plumbs the pandemic experiences of nurses nationwide

Implications Of Face Mask Usage On Diverse Populations: Challenges And Considerations, Simaporn Promsarn, Walaiporn Wongsrisakunkaew

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the importance of face mask usage as a preventive measure against viral transmission. Extensive studies have confirmed the efficacy of face masks in curtailing respiratory infections caused by viruses, including influenza and COVID-19. The significance of consistent face mask implementation over extended periods has become evident, particularly in high-risk environments such as healthcare facilities and public spaces. Despite their effectiveness, it is imperative to acknowledge the potential challenges and side effects that different populations may experience during prolonged mask usage. This comprehensive review examines the implications of face mask usage across diverse groups, encompassing healthy …

The Impact Of Covid-19 On Parish Nursing In Germany, Phyllis A. Solari-Twadell Phd, Mpa, Rn, Faan, Angela Glaser

International Journal of Faith Community Nursing

The COVID-19 pandemic of 2020/2021 had an impact globally on churches and the ministry of Parish Nurses. This article presents a brief historical overview of Germany, the uniqueness of the church in Germany, and parish nursing in Germany which is called vis-a- vis. The ministry of parish nursing in Germany is considered in light of the impact on the nursing profession and the demands created by COVID-19 within German society and the church in Germany.

Creating A Best Practice Model For Reopening Parish Nurse Sites Post-Pandemic, Mary Lynne Knighten Dnp, Rn, Nea-Bc

International Journal of Faith Community Nursing

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic brought many changes to the healthcare delivery system. Parish nurses, faith community nurses, and congregational nurses found their practice frequently adapting to comply with government issued restrictions and the changing needs of the community. QueensCare Health & Faith Partnership (QHFP), a parish nurse program which is part of QueensCare, a non-profit public benefit corporation, and St. Dominic Catholic Church in Los Angeles, California designed a replicable model for safely reopening parish nurse sites. QHFP provides supportive healthcare services and case management services at no charge to underserved and vulnerable populations in cooperation with numerous churches, temples, …

When Governors Prioritize Individual Freedom Over Public Health: Tort Liability For Government Failures, Barbara Pfeffer Billauer Jd, Ma, Phd

Journal of Law and Health

Over half the states have enacted laws diminishing or curtailing the rights of the executive branch (legislatures or governors) to enact laws to preserve, protect, or safeguard public health in the wake of the COVID-19 emergency. Governor DeSantis, of Florida, for example, effectively banned mask mandates in schools during the high point of the epidemic – based on flawed science and erroneous data – and now wants to make that response permanent. The rules effectuating this Executive Order were enacted under an emergency order finding a threat to public health. Nevertheless, the response promulgated by the Florida Department of Health …

Usage Of Arsenicum Album 30c As A Prophylactic Medicine In Healthcare Workers Of A Covid Health Centre – A Report, Rekha Thomas, Thankaraj Balakrishnan, Anu Rajesh, George Mathew, Saurabh Kumar Jain, Radhika Agarwal, Anu Kapoor

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

The homoeopathic medicine Arsenicum album 30C was recommended as prophylaxis by the Central Council for Research in Homoeopathy, along with general precautions during COVID-19 pandemic. A retrospective cohort study was conducted in Delhi, India, during May–August 2020 to evaluate the effectiveness of Arsenicum album 30C as prophylaxis for COVID-19 in a high-risk group of healthcare workers (HCWs). HCWs (n = 100) were categorised into two groups based on the number of days Arsenicum album 30C was administered during their duty: 7 days (N1 = 38) or 14 days (N2 = 62). Participants underwent COVID-19 testing (rapid antigen test/reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain …

Research Highlights, Bhavna Makhija, Khan Sheeba Saleem

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Research Highlights

Evaluating College Students’ Health Literacyand Its Effects On Their Perceptions Of Informationconcerning Mask-Wearing In The Covid-19 Pandemic, Hannah S. Ketchum

ELAIA

Background Mask-wearing was a controversial and polarizing phenomenon during the COVID-19 pandemic. Beliefs concerning mask-wearing differed depending on sources of information concerning the pandemic, levels of health literacy, political leaning, demographics, or other factors. This project attempted to connect college students’ level of health literacy to their understanding of and adherence to mask-wearing in the COVID- 19 pandemic. There is a gap in research connecting health literacy to understanding information concerning pandemics and an even bigger lack of studies conducted that relate college students’ health literacy to their perception of illnesses or pandemics. It is important to understand the impact …

Overview Of The Zoonotic Potential And Coinfection Of Sars-Cov-2 In Indonesia, Muhammad Khaliim Jati Kusala, Ni Luh Putu Indi Dharmayanti

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

In the ASEAN region, Indonesia has the highest overall COVID-19 infection score. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic first emerged in China and then transmitted sporadically throughout the world. Animals and humans can be infected with the corona virus, so this disease is classified as a zoonotic disease. This review aims to gather information regarding the potential of SARS-CoV-2 as a zoonotic disease and coinfections with several other pathogens in Indonesia. This study collected data demonstrating the potential for COVID-19 to be transmitted from humans to animals, as an evidenced by positive test results for the Bat Coronavirus Antigen in bats. Cats have …

Covid-19 Prevalence And Trends Among Pregnant And Postpartum Persons In Maine By Rurality And Pregnancy Conditions, Charlie O. Grantham, Christina M. Ackerman-Banks Md, Heather S. Lipkind Md, Ms, Kristin Palmsten Scd, Katherine A. Ahrens Mph, Phd

Journal of Maine Medical Center

No abstract provided.

New Onset Positive Autoantibodies Following Covid-19 Infection, David Hernandez, Adnaan Sheikh, Shakira Laing, Mariana Adieb, Omar Siddiqui, Rohail Baig, Annabel Antonini, James Vienneau, Camden Burns

Advances in Clinical Medical Research and Healthcare Delivery

The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak a global pandemic on March 11, 2020. Since the original outbreak in December 2019, over 100 million people have been confirmed to have been infected by COVID-19 and over two million people have died. The presentation seen in patients may vary widely based on multiple factors. Fever has been reported in up to 99% of patients, while other common symptoms seen are dyspnea, fatigue, anosmia, and myalgia. Around 80% of COVID-19 patients present with a mild respiratory illness that can be managed at home, while around 15% need basic …

Covid-19-Associated Myocarditis: Screening For Early Diagnosis, Yousuf Khan, Salmman Ahmed, Samuel John Wlasowicz, Ronald G. Lott Iii, Xavier C. Zonna

Advances in Clinical Medical Research and Healthcare Delivery

The SARS-CoV-2 virus (causing COVID-19), has infected about 770 million people, and caused the death of about 6.9 million people worldwide in the span of three years (John Hopkins Resource Center). Common symptoms of a patient infected with the virus include shortness of breath, fever, chills, fatigue, loss of taste or smell, and muscle aches. However, recent studies have also shown a prevalence of patients presenting with cardiac inflammation (endocarditis, myocarditis or pericarditis) as a potential comorbidity, both during the infectious stage as well as after the infection has subsided. A pattern of specific clinical markers may be indicative of …

"Coping In The Time Of Crisis": A Study On College Students' Mental Health And Coping Mechanisms Amidst The Covid-19 Pandemic., Amir Bhochhibhoya, Liz Mcdowell, Sayward Harrison

Health Behavior Research

The sudden closure of colleges and universities, among other challenges, disrupted higher education across US states during the subsequent waves of the COVID-19 pandemic, significantly impacting the mental health of college students. The study was designed to comprehend the major stressors that college students encountered during the COVID-19 pandemic and the strategies they employed to cope with these stressors. The participants included undergraduate students from a small rural public university in the Southeast region of the US. A survey comprising 35 items to evaluate the effects of COVID-19 on mental health and coping mechanisms was employed. The study included 170 …

Covid-19 Hospital Mortality Among Patients With Invasive Mechanical Ventilation: A Comparison Between Public And Private Healthcare Services In San Luis Potosí 2020–2022, María E. Torres-Acosta, Rocío M. Cubos-Moncada, Alan Y. Martínez-Castellanos

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

Background: During 2019, México’s total public spending on health was 5.43% of the national gross domestic product, making it one of the countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development that invested the least in developing public health systems. This study analyzes hospital mortality among intubated patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 according to type of institution in San Luis Potosí, México, from March 18, 2020, to April 7, 2022.

Methods: This is a secondary data analysis of publicly available information about mortality among intubated patients with a laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 with respect to the type of hospitalization institution.

Results: …

Prognosis Of Covid-19 On Workers With History Of Asthma: An Evidence-Based Case Report, Parmitasari Parmitasari, Dewi Yunia Fitriani, Indah S. Widyahening

Occupational and Environmental Medicine Journal of Indonesia

Background. As the COVID-19 pandemic occurs, those with asthma were thought to have an increased risk of infection. Question arisen whether special preparation for severe clinical outcomes might be needed for remote site workers. Method. A literature search was conducted through PubMed, Scopus and ProQuest databases, as well as hand searched. The inclusion criteria were systematic review, cohort study, retrospective study, cross sectional study, COVID-19, asthma, and ICU. Then, they were critically appraised based on Center of Evidence-Based Medicine, Oxford University, Critical Appraisal for Prognostic Studies and Systematic Reviews. Result. Three systematic review studies and three retrospective cohort studies were …

Free For All: Proposing Legislation To Eliminate Food Insecurity In Arkansas Public Schools, A. Mills Bryant

Journal of Food Law & Policy

Schools serve millions of students daily as one of the largest food distribution sites in the United States. However, more than 13.1 million children in the United States, and almost 150,000 in Arkansas, are food insecure. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, most Arkansas schools offered free and reduced lunch to students at or below the poverty line through participation in the National School Lunch Program (“NSLP”). During COVID-19, Congress passed The Families First Coronavirus Response Act (“FFCRA”) and The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES”) (hereinafter “The Acts”). This legislation effectively eliminated food insecurity in participating American public schools, …

Major Incidental Findings In Ct Chest During Covid 19 Outbreak, Mohamed Basiony Alghannam, Amira Shawky Abdelhakim Eissa, Rehab Mohammed Habib

Menoufia Medical Journal

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of multidetector computed tomography (CT) in the detection of major incidental findings of COVID 19 patients and to detect their clinical importance. Background: The outbreak of COVID-19 has caused concerns globally. On 30 January WHO has declared it as a global health emergency. Chest CT has a potential role in the diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Parenchymal and extra parenchymal incidental findings were detected and defined as any finding in the report not related to the purpose of the scan. Incidental findings on chest CT may represent highly …

Clinical Characteristics And Disease Course Before And After Sars-Cov-2 Infection In A Large Cohort Of Systemic Sclerosis Patients, Aslıhan Avanoğlu Güler, Büşra Özçi̇men, Mesude Seda Aydoğdu, Alper Sari, Aliyeva Numune, Nazife Tüzün Ersan, Seda Çolak, Hazan Karadeni̇z, İbrahim Vasi̇, Hamit Küçük, Yasemin Yalçinkaya, Abdulsamet Erden, Mehmet Kayaalp, Mehmet Akif Öztürk, Berna Göker, Ahmet Omma, Sedat Yilmaz, Süleyman Serdar Koca, Murat İnanç, Ali Akdoğan, Abdurrahman Tufan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

The objective of this study is to evaluate the clinical presentations and adverse outcomes of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) and assess the impact of SSc features on the clinical course of COVID-19.Materials and methods: In this multicenter, retrospective study, SSc patients with COVID-19 were included. Clinical features of SSc, along with detailed COVID-19 data, were extracted from medical records and patient interviews.Results: The study included 112 patients (mean age 51.4 ± 12.8 years; 90.2% female). SSc-associated interstitial lung disease (ILD) was evident in 57.1% of the patients. The findings revealed hospitalization in 25.5%, respiratory …

Quality Of Life Of Patients With Covid-19 Infection Undergoing Cardiac Surgery, Shymaa Mamdouh Mohamed Abdu Sh.M, Abdel-Hady El-Gilany Ah.E, Mohammad Abdallah

Menoufia Medical Journal

Background

The effects of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) on quality of life (QOL) have been reported in different populations.

Objective

to describe effect of COVID-19 on QOL of patients undergoing cardiac surgery and its associated factors in Egypt.

Participants and methods

A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 patients with COVID-19 waiting for cardiac surgery. The socio-demographic and quality of life data were collected. The COV19 – Impact on Quality of Life (COV19-QOL) was used to measure QOL of COVID-19 patients before cardiac surgery. Student’s t-test was used for testing significance between groups.

Results

The mean overall QOL score …

Factors Associated With Covid-19 Vaccine Hesitancy In South Central Appalachia, Florence M. Weierbach, Rebecca Adkins Fletcher, Ingrid E. Luffman, Cynthia Meyer, Janet M. Keener, Manik Ahuja, Hadii M. Mamudu

Journal of Appalachian Health

Introduction: The newly emergent COVID-19 virus reached pandemic levels in March 2020. By the middle of August 2020, there were over 1 million deaths attributed to COVID-19 in the U.S., with those in rural areas outpacing urban counterparts. Prior to emergency approval of the Pfizer, Moderna and Johnson & Johnson vaccine formulations, mitigation efforts addressing individual behavior were challenging. However, even with the entrance of these three new vaccines, herd immunity was not achieved in rural areas, as vaccine uptake remained low there. Although there has since been an abundance of COVID-19-related research addressing health literacy, vaccine hesitancy and overall …

Relationships Between Nursing Students’ Attitudes Toward The Nursing Profession, Fear Of Covid-19, And Intolerance Of Uncertainty: A Cross-Sectional Study, Banu Terzi, Fatma Azizoğlu, Çağla Seven

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: Nursing students were caught unprepared for the COVID-19 pandemic. Both the inability to control the epidemic and the interruption of education caused students to experience fear, anxiety, and uncertainty. This study investigates the relationships between nursing students’ attitudes toward the nursing profession and their fear of COVID-19 and intolerance of uncertainty.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 727 nursing students who were members of the Student Nurses Association and who volunteered to participate in the research. Research data were collected using the Student Information Form, The Fear of COVID-19 Scale, the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale (IUS-12), and the …

The Potential Of Herbal Combinations As Adjunctive Therapy For Standard Care Of Covid-19 Patients: A Lesson Learned From Indonesia, Anna Rozaliyani, Satria Pratama, Findra Setianingrum, Fenny Yunita, C. Martin Rumende

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

The pandemic of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has become a global disaster that occurred between the end of 2019 and 2023. It caused immeasurable damage to almost all aspects of human life. The disease has opened a lot of new perspectives on Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) origins and pathogenesis, the nature of the virus, the potential for new treatments, and new policies to overcome this pandemic. This review aims to know the potential of plants that are beneficial to combat the diseases, including immunomodulators in the management of COVID-19. Studies reporting COVID-19 with the keywords SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, …

Significance Of Chronic Kidney Disease On Morbidity And Mortality In Hospitalized Patients With Covid-19, Varsha Suresh, Alexis Finer, Aarushi Varshney, Kay Thi Khine, Ishak Mansi, Abdo Asmar

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Background

Patients with comorbid illnesses are at risk for worse outcomes with a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19). Our research examined patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) to establish whether it remains an independent risk factor for mortality and morbidity in patients with COVID-19.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective cohort study using an electronic patient database in 2020. An observational dataset from 149 hospitals comprising a United States-based health system (HCA Healthcare) was analyzed. Hospitalized patients (N=11 086), aged 18 and above, with a COVID-19 polymerase chain reaction positive result between January 1, 2020, and September 1, …

What Now: The Role Of Attitude And Communicative Actions When Making Decisions During A Disease Crisis, Ashley Mcleod-Morin, Lauri Baker, Angela B. Lindsey, Lisa K. Lundy, Ricky Telg

Journal of Applied Communications

During a crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic, organizations often communicate about a risk to encourage people to take particular protective actions, and the decision-making process about protective actions can be especially complex. It is important to determine how organizations can encourage specific behaviors and, as such, this study sought to investigate how attitudes and communicative actions influenced behavior related to recommendations from the CDC during the COVID-19 pandemic. To address the purpose of this study, an online quantitative survey was distributed to United States residents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results from this study reveal that attitude and transmission and …

Impact Of Covid-19 Pandemic On Marketing Of Education, Shreekant Joag

Journal of Global Awareness

The COVID-19 pandemic forced many schools to partially or totally switch to remote communication methods for delivering education in the years 2020-2021. It is believed that forced compliance with unfamiliar and even unpreferred modes of behavior can have a profound and lasting impact on people’s attitudes and opinions toward the behavior itself because of first-hand exposure and experience. It is, therefore, possible that this experience with remote teaching and learning could have materially changed both instructors’ as well as students’ attitudes toward remote delivery of education. Such changed attitudes may predict their future choices and behavior.

This paper will present …

Effect Of Covid-19 On Food Pricing And Coping Strategies Among Households In Kakamega County Kenya, Angela Mungai

Journal of Global Awareness

Food price shocks exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic have the potential to threaten food security, especially among low-income households. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of COVID-19 on food prices and the coping strategies of households in Malava and Lurambi Sub-Counties of Kakamega County, Kenya. The researchers adopted a descriptive survey design for this study. A semi-structured questionnaire was developed using KoBo Collect and synchronized to the Open Data Kit (ODK) server and used to collect data from a sample size of 200 households. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences Version 26 to …

Schematic Approach Of Post Covid-19 Acute Invasive Fungal Sinusitis, Essam A. Behairy, Ibrahim A. Shafy, Mahmoud A. Torky, Ashraf A. Eldemerdash

Menoufia Medical Journal

Objective: To analyze the surge of invasive fungal rhinosinusitis reported during the Covid-19 pandemic to highlight aspects of disease and outcome of our approach with these cases.

Background: Invasive fungal rhinosinusitis is the most severe form of sinusitis affecting immunocompromised patients. Therefore, prompt management is mandatory to improve survival.

Methods: In a prospective cohort study, we included 40 cases of acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis who attended to Otorhinolaryngology department between May 2021 and October 2021. We assessed the patient clinically and radiologically. We collected data about sociodemographic features including sex, age, comorbidities, post COVID infection, received treatment, and history of …

The Effect Of Covid-19 On Antibiotic Resistance, Debra A. Woo Dds, Ma, Karen A. Schulze Dds, Phd, Mali K. Mcguire Dds, Ms

Pacific Journal of Health

Over three years have passed since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. During these times we have experienced significant changes in all areas of our life. In healthcare, more attention was focused on COVID-19 than other concerns. An unexpected consequence of the pandemic was a silent progression of an increased spread of multi-resistant pathogens. While antibiotic use during the pandemic varied across healthcare settings, antibiotics were prescribed for COVID-19 patients, even though antibiotics are known not to be effective against viruses.¹ In dentistry, antibiotics were prescribed to prevent potential dental infections, since many dental offices were not open. Antimicrobial …

Positive Effects Of Health Behaviors Acquired During The Covid-19 Pandemic Process On The Prevention Of Other Infectious Diseases, Asi̇ye Çi̇ğdem Şi̇mşek, Turan Buzgan, Fatma Nur Baran Aksakal, Şuayip Bi̇ri̇nci̇, Hülya Şi̇ri̇n

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: It was aimed to evaluate the positive effects of health behaviors (general hygiene, wearing face masks, physical distancing, and travel restrictions) acquired during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the prevention of other infectious diseases in Ankara Province, Türkiye. Materials and methods: This study was designed retrospectively. Among the notifiable group A infectious diseases, acute intestinal infections (AIIs) with International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision diagnosis codes A09 (diarrhea and gastroenteritis presumed to be of infectious origin), R11 (nausea and vomiting), and K52 (other noninfectious gastroenteritis and colitis) , as well as influenza, tuberculosis, measles, varicella, malaria, and …

Covid-19 In Cancer Patients: Patient Characteristics And Outcomes In The Post-Covid-19 Vaccination Period, Gülşen İskender, Duygu Mert, Göknur Yapar Toros, Funda Yilmaz, Ersi̇n Bozan, Semra Tunçbi̇lek, Ömür Berna Çakmak Öksüzoğlu, Fevzi̇ Altuntaş, Mustafa Ertek

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim:It wasaimed herein to investigate coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in cancer patients and compare hematological and solid organ cancer patients in terms of the course and outcome of this disease. Materials and methods:Data from cancer patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 infection were analyzed retrospectively. Risk factors for poor prognosis and the effect of vaccination on the clinical outcomes of the patients were evaluated. Results:A total of 403 cancer patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 between March 1st, 2021, and November 30th, 2022, were included, of whom 329 (81.6%) had solid and 74 (18.4%) had hematological cancers. Hospitalization and intensive care unit (ICU) …