Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Manf Is Neuroprotective Against Ethanol-Induced Neurodegeneration Through Ameliorating Er Stress, Yongchao Wang, Wen Wen, Hui Li, Marco Clementino, Hong Xu, Mei Xu, Murong Ma, Jacqueline A. Frank, Jia Luo

Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) are a spectrum of developmental disorders caused by prenatal alcohol exposure. Neuronal loss or neurodegeneration in the central nervous system (CNS) is one of the most devastating features in FASD. It is imperative to delineate the underlying mechanisms to facilitate the treatment of FASD. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a hallmark and an underlying mechanism of many neurodegenerative diseases, including ethanol-induced neurodegeneration. Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) responds to ER stress and has been identified as a protein upregulated in response to ethanol exposure during the brain development. To investigate the role of MANF in …

Oral Microbiome And Gingival Tissue Apoptosis And Autophagy Transcriptomics, Jeffrey L. Ebersole, Sreenatha S. Kirakodu, Elliot Neumann, Luis Orraca, Janis Gonzalez Martinez, Octavio A. Gonzalez

Center for Oral Health Research Faculty Publications

Objective: This study focused on documenting characteristics of the gingival transcriptome during various stages of periodontitis targeting genes associated with apoptotic and autophagic pathways and changes that specifically associate with features of the oral microbiome.

Methods: Macaca mulatta (n = 18; 12–23 years) were examined at baseline and 0.5, 1, and 3 months of disease progression, as well as 5 months with clinical disease resolution. 16S sequencing and microarray analyses examined changes in the microbiome and gingival transcriptome, respectively, at each time point from every animal.

Results: Specific patterns of apoptotic and autophagic genes were identified related to the …

Oral Microbiome And Gingival Tissue Apoptosis And Autophagy Transcriptomics, Jeffrey L. Ebersole, Sreenatha S. Kirakodu, Elliot Neumann, Luis Orraca, Janis Gonzalez Martinez, Octavio A. Gonzalez

Dental Medicine Faculty Publications

Objective: This study focused on documenting characteristics of the gingival transcriptome during various stages of periodontitis targeting genes associated with apoptotic and autophagic pathways and changes that specifically associate with features of the oral microbiome. Methods: Macaca mulatta (n = 18; 12-23 years) were examined at baseline and 0.5, 1, and 3 months of disease progression, as well as 5 months with clinical disease resolution. 16S sequencing and microarray analyses examined changes in the microbiome and gingival transcriptome, respectively, at each time point from every animal. Results: Specific patterns of apoptotic and autophagic genes were identified related to the initiation …

Translocase Of The Outer Mitochondrial Membrane Complex Subunit 20 (Tomm20) Facilitates Cancer Aggressiveness And Therapeutic Resistance In Chondrosarcoma., Megan E Roche, Zhao Lin, Diana Whitaker-Menezes, Tingting Zhan, Karoly Szuhai, Judith V M G Bovee, John A Abraham, Wei Jiang, Ubaldo Martinez-Outschoorn, Atrayee Basu-Mallick

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

Chondrosarcoma is the second most common primary bone malignancy, representing one fourth of all primary bone sarcomas. It is typically resistant to radiation and chemotherapy treatments. However, the molecular mechanisms that contribute to cancer aggressiveness in chondrosarcomas remain poorly characterized. Here, we studied the role of mitochondrial transporters in chondrosarcoma aggressiveness including chemotherapy resistance. Histological grade along with stage are the most important prognostic biomarkers in chondrosarcoma. We found that high-grade human chondrosarcoma tumors have higher expression of the mitochondrial protein, translocase of the outer mitochondrial membrane complex subunit 20 (TOMM20), compared to low-grade tumors. TOMM20 overexpression in human chondrosarcoma …

Mir-132-3p Priming Enhances The Effects Of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Derived Exosomes On Ameliorating Brain Ischemic Injury, Qunwen Pan, Xiaoli Kuang, Shuyun Cai, Xiang Wang, Donghui Du, Jinju Wang, Yan Wang, Yanyu Chen, Ji Chen Bihl, Yanfang Chen, Bin Zhao, Xiaotang Ma

Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty Publications

Backgrounds/aims: Mesenchymal stromal cell-derived exosomes (MSC-EXs) could exert protective effects on recipient cells by transferring the contained microRNAs (miRs), and miR-132-3p is one of angiogenic miRs. However, whether the combination of MSC-EXs and miR-132-3p has better effects in ischemic cerebrovascular disease remains unknown. Methods: Mouse MSCs transfected with scrambler control or miR-132-3p mimics were used to generate MSC-EXs and miR-132-3p-overexpressed MSC-EXs (MSC-EXsmiR-132-3p). The effects of EXs on hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-injured ECs in ROS generation, apoptosis, and barrier function were analyzed. The levels of RASA1, Ras, phosphorylations of PI3K, Akt and endothelial nitric oxide synthesis (eNOS), and tight junction proteins (Claudin-5 and …

Tfeb Is A Master Regulator Of Tumor-Associated Macrophages In Breast Cancer, Yong Li, Johnie Hodge, Qing Liu, Junfeng Wang, Yuzhen Wang, Trent D Evans, Diego Altomare, Yongzhong Yao, E. Angela Murphy, Babak Razani, Daping Fan

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play key roles in the development of many malignant solid tumors including breast cancer. They are educated in the tumor microenvironment (TME) to promote tumor growth, metastasis, and therapy resistance. However, the phenotype of TAMs is elusive and how to regulate them for therapeutic purpose remains unclear; therefore, TAM-targeting therapies have not yet achieved clinical success. The purposes of this study were to examine the role of transcription factor EB (TFEB) in regulating TAM gene expression and function and to determine if TFEB activation can halt breast tumor development.

METHODS: Microarrays were used to analyze the …

Possible Role Of Tetracyclines On Covid-19: Recycling Well-Known Old Drugs From The Shelf, Martin Gnoni, Raul Vasquez-Gararatti, Angel Mena

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

We are in the midst of a pandemic due to the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Innovative therapies are in the lookup around the world. Recently, chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in addition to azithromycin were proposed to be used in patients with severe disease even though strong evidence is lacking. We propose the use of tetracyclines in addition to anti-virals early in the curse of the disease in order to prevent the cytokine storm syndrome associated with COVID-19 and prevent ARDS. The proposed mechanisms of tetracyclines are: 1) anti-apoptotic properties; 2) decrease the Myeloperoxidase and ROS releaser from immune cells; 3) decrease neutrophil …

The Short Variant Of Optic Atrophy 1 (Opa1) Improves Cell Survival Under Oxidative Stress., Hakjoo Lee, Sylvia B Smith, Shey-Shing Sheu, Yisang Yoon

Center for Translational Medicine Faculty Papers

Optic atrophy 1 (OPA1) is a dynamin protein that mediates mitochondrial fusion at the inner membrane. OPA1 is also necessary for maintaining the cristae and thus essential for supporting cellular energetics. OPA1 exists as membrane-anchored long form (L-OPA1) and short form (S-OPA1) that lacks the transmembrane region and is generated by cleavage of L-OPA1. Mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular stresses activate the inner membrane-associated zinc metallopeptidase OMA1 that cleaves L-OPA1, causing S-OPA1 accumulation. The prevailing notion has been that L-OPA1 is the functional form, whereas S-OPA1 is an inactive cleavage product in mammals, and that stress-induced OPA1 cleavage causes mitochondrial fragmentation …

Sulforaphane Protects Against Ethanol-Induced Apoptosis And Teratogenesis Through Epigenetic Modulation Of Anti-Apoptotic Genes., Yihong Li

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Background. Ethanol-induced excessive apoptosis in neural crest cells (NCCs), a multipotent progenitor cell population, is one of the major mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying FASD that results from maternal alcohol exposure during pregnancy are poorly understood. The overall goals of this study are to examine the mechanisms by which ethanol induces apoptosis and malformations in vitro and in vivo, and to develop a nutritional-based approach by using SFN and SFN-rich BSE to prevent FASD through epigenetic modulation. Results. This study demonstrates that ethanol exposure resulted in a significant increase …

Effects Of Alternative Chemotherapeutic Agents On Thyroid Cancer Cell Line Ml-1, Husref Rizvanovic

MSU Graduate Theses

Though differentiated thyroid carcinomas have decent prognosis when detected early, radioactive iodine (RAI) resistant and advanced thyroid cancers are still difficult to treat with existing therapies. Better therapeutic agents are needed. Studies have shown that aggressive thyroid cancers (ML-1) express the extracellular matrix protein, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-2). MMP-2 has been linked to metastasis and aggressiveness of several cancers and has been shown to play a crucial role in tumor invasion. Chlorotoxin is a selective MMP-2 receptor agonist, and Saporin is a well-known ribosome-inactivating protein used for anti-cancer treatment; however, these two agents have never been studied when conjugated together. I …

Anticancer Activity Of Thmpp: Downregulation Of Pi3k/ S6k1 In Breast Cancer Cell Line., Suresh Palanivel, Akshaya Murugesan, Olli Yli-Harja, Meenakshisundaram Kandhavelu

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Breast cancer is the most common cancer that majorly affects female. The present study is focused on exploring the potential anticancer activity of 2-((1, 2, 3, 4-Tetrahydroquinolin-1-yl) (4 methoxyphenyl) methyl) phenol (THMPP), against human breast cancer. The mechanism of action, activation of specific signaling pathways, structural activity relationship and drug-likeness properties of THMPP remains elusive. Cell proliferation and viability assay, caspase enzyme activity, DNA fragmentation and FITC/Annexin V, AO/EtBr staining, RT-PCR, QSAR and ADME analysis were executed to understand the mode of action of the drug. The effect of THMPP on multiple breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and SkBr3), and …

Evaluating The Anti-Cancer Efficacy Of A Synthetic Curcumin Analog On Human Melanoma Cells And Its Interaction With Standard Chemotherapeutics, Krishan Parashar, Siddhartha Sood, Ali Mehaidli, Colin Curran, Caleb Vegh, Christopher Nguyen, Christopher Pignanelli, Jianzhang Wu, Guang Liang, Yi Wang, Siyaram Pandey

Medical Student Research Symposium

Melanoma is the leading cause of skin-cancer related deaths in North America. Metastatic melanoma is difficult to treat and chemotherapies have limited success. Furthermore, chemotherapies lead to toxic side effects due to nonselective targeting of normal cells. Curcumin is a natural product of Curcuma longa (turmeric) and has been shown to possess anti-cancer activity. However, due to its poor bioavailability and stability, natural curcumin is not an effective cancer treatment. We tested synthetic analogs of curcumin that are more stable. One of these derivatives, Compound A, has shown significant anti-cancer efficacy in colon, leukemia, and triple-negative inflammatory breast cancer cells. …

Optimal Control With Manf Treatment Of Photoreceptor Degeneration, Erika T. Camacho, Suzanne Lenhart, Luis A. Melara, M. Cristina Villalobos, Stephen Wirkus

School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

People afflicted with diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa and age-related macular degeneration experience a decline in vision due to photoreceptor degeneration, which is currently unstoppable and irreversible. Currently there is no cure for diseases linked to photoreceptor degeneration. Recent experimental work showed that mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) can reduce neuron death and, in particular, photoreceptor death by reducing the number of cells that undergo apoptosis. In this work, we build on an existing system of ordinary differential equations that represent photoreceptor interactions and incorporate MANF treatment for three experimental mouse models having undergone varying degrees of photoreceptor degeneration. Using …

Responses Of Swine Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Against Human Lung Carcinoma Epithelial Cell Line A549, Min Tao Wan, Chin Cheng Chou

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) has been shown to adhere, invade, and induce the death of various host cells. The prominent lineage of livestock-associated methicillin-resistant S. aureus (LA-MRSA) in Asia is the sequence type (ST) 9 that has emerged as a potential zoonotic pathogen. However, the virulence of LA-MRSA ST9 remains not clear. In this study, sixteen representative Taiwan LA-MRSA isolates were selected for adherence, invasion, and cytotoxicity studies against the human lung carcinoma epithelial cell line A549. The isolates showed 100% of cytotoxicity, 35.2% - 61% of adhesion, and 18% - 52.5% of invasion against A549 cells. Different adherent abilities …

Polr1b And Neural Crest Cell Anomalies In Treacher Collins Syndrome Type 4, Elodie Sanchez, Tomi L Toler, Walton Nephi, Marcia Willing, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

PURPOSE: Treacher Collins syndrome (TCS) is a rare autosomal dominant mandibulofacial dysostosis, with a prevalence of 0.2-1/10,000. Features include bilateral and symmetrical malar and mandibular hypoplasia and facial abnormalities due to abnormal neural crest cell (NCC) migration and differentiation. To date, three genes have been identified: TCOF1, POLR1C, and POLR1D. Despite a large number of patients with a molecular diagnosis, some remain without a known genetic anomaly.

METHODS: We performed exome sequencing for four individuals with TCS but who were negative for pathogenic variants in the known causative genes. The effect of the pathogenic variants was investigated in zebrafish.

RESULTS: …

Cell-Free Dna Release During Programmed Cell Death In Kidney Ischemia Reperfusion Injury, Alexander Dionne

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Transplantation is invariably associated with ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) which causes organ dysfunction. IRI is also directly linked to several forms of programmed cell death including apoptosis and necroptosis, which increase kidney dysfunction, promote inflammation and may contribute to premature graft failure. The contribution of necroptosis and apoptosis following kidney IRI to cell-free DNA (cfDNA) generation and the potential of cfDNA to activate effectors such as NK cells involved in kidney IRI have not been defined. Our data indicate that necroptotic microvascular endothelial cells (MVECs) release considerably more cfDNA than apoptotic MVECs or untreated controls (p

Antiproliferative And Apoptotic Effects Of Proteins From Black Seeds (Nigella Sativa) On Human Breast Mcf-7 Cancer Cell Line, Yamna Khursid, Basir Syed, Shabana U. Simjee, Obaid Beg, Aftab Ahmed

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Background

Nigella sativa (NS), a member of family Ranunculaceae is commonly known as black seed or kalonji. It has been well studied for its therapeutic role in various diseases, particularly cancer. Literature is full of bioactive compounds from NS seed. However, fewer studies have been reported on the pharmacological activity of proteins. The current study was designed to evaluate the anticancer property of NS seed proteins on the MCF-7 cell line.

Methods

NS seed extract was prepared in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and proteins were precipitated using 80% ammonium sulfate. The crude seed proteins were partially purified using gel filtration …

Perivascular Macrophages In The Neonatal Macaque Brain Undergo Massive Necroptosis After Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection, Diana G. Bohannon, Yueying Wang, Colin H. Reinhart, Julian B. Hattler, Jiangtao Luo, Hamid R. Okhravi, Jianshui Zhang, Qingsheng Li, Marcelo J. Kuroda, Woong-Ki Kim

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

We previously showed that rhesus macaques neonatally infected with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) do not develop SIV encephalitis (SIVE) and maintain low brain viral loads despite having similar plasma viral loads compared to SIV-infected adults. We hypothesize that differences in myeloid cell populations that are the known target of SIV and HIV in the brain contribute to the lack of neonatal susceptibility to lentivirus-induced encephalitis. Using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence microscopy, we examined the frontal cortices from uninfected and SIV-infected infant and adult macaques (n = 8/ea) as well as adults with SIVE (n = 4) to determine differences in myeloid …

Exogenous Flupirtine As Potential Treatment For Cln3 Disease, Katia Maalouf, Joelle Makoukji, Sara Saab, Nadine J. Makhoul, Angelica V. Carmona, Nihar Kinarivala, Noël Ghanem, Paul C. Trippier, Rose-Mary Boustany

Journal Articles: Pharmaceutical Sciences

CLN3 disease is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder affecting children. Hallmarks include brain atrophy, accelerated neuronal apoptosis, and ceramide elevation. Treatment regimens are supportive, highlighting the importance of novel, disease-modifying drugs. Flupirtine and its new allyl carbamate derivative (compound 6) confer neuroprotective effects in CLN3-deficient cells. This study lays the groundwork for investigating beneficial effects in Cln3^Δex7/8 mice. WT/Cln3^Δex7/8 mice received flupirtine/compound 6/vehicle for 14 weeks. Short-term effect of flupirtine or compound 6 was tested using a battery of behavioral testing. For flupirtine, gene expression profiles, astrogliosis, and neuronal cell counts were determined. Flupirtine improved neurobehavioral parameters in …

The Effect Of The Senolytic Abt-263 On Androgen Deprivation-Induced Senescent Prostate Tumor Cells, So Min Lee

Theses and Dissertations

Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in men. Although standard treatments such as androgen deprivation therapies (ADT) and antiandrogens have increased survival for many patients, most men placed on these therapies will develop castration-resistant disease (CRPC). Previous studies have shown that these treatments have limited cytotoxicity and instead promote cell growth arrest. Our current work demonstrates that prostate tumor cells grown in the absence of androgens by using charcoal-stripped serum undergo senescence-mediated or senescent-like growth arrest, based on the cellular expression of senescence-associated-beta-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal). Our studies further suggest that this senescence is transient and …

Proteomic Analysis Of The Anticancer Effect Of Various Extracts Of Endemicthermopsis Turcica In Human Cervical Cancer Cells, Mustafa Yildiz, Hakan Terzi̇, Sali̇ha Handan Yildiz, Nuray Varol, Müjgan Özdemi̇r Erdoğan, Murat Kasap, Nermi̇n Akçali, Mustafa Solak

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Thermopsis turcica is a perennial species endemic to Turkey and different extracts of T. turcica have an antiproliferative effect on cancer cells, but there has not been any report on HeLa (human cervical cancer) cells. Materials and methods: To get a better understanding of the molecular mechanism of anticancer activity of methanolic extracts of leaves (LE) and flowers (FE) of T. turcica, we employed 2-DE-based proteomics to explore the proteins involved in anticancer activity in HeLa cells. Results: T. turcica extracts showed a potent cytotoxic effect on HeLa cells with the IC50 values of 1.75 mg/mL for LE and …

Activate Or Inhibit? Implications Of Autophagy Modulation As A Therapeutic Strategy For Alzheimer’S Disease, Sharmeelavathi Krishnan, Yasaswi Shrestha, Dona P.W. Jayatunga, Sarah Rea, Ralph Martins, Prashant Bharadwaj

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Neurodegenerative diseases result in a range of conditions depending on the type of proteinopathy, genes affected or the location of the degeneration in the brain. Proteinopathies such as senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain are prominent features of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Autophagy is a highly regulated mechanism of eliminating dysfunctional organelles and proteins, and plays an important role in removing these pathogenic intracellular protein aggregates, not only in AD, but also in other neurodegenerative diseases. Activating autophagy is gaining interest as a potential therapeutic strategy for chronic diseases featuring protein aggregation and misfolding, including AD. Although autophagy activation …

The Potential Of Salvia Officinalis As A Suppressor Of Cell Proliferation In Animal Feed And Human Nutrition: An Experimental Stud, Muhammet Kuddusi̇ Erhan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The objective of this study was to examine the in vitro cytotoxic activities of Salvia officinalis (sage) oil on human immortalized keratinocyte (HaCaT) cell lines by using an [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide] (MTT) cytotoxicity assay after the Salvia officinalis oil administration in different doses and time-points. In vitro cytotoxic activities of Salvia officinalis oil on HaCaT cell lines were assessed, and MTT assays were used to determine cell viability. The HaCaT cells (100 µL) were cultured in 96well plates at 2 × 104 cells per well and treated with different concentrations of Salvia officinalis oil (25 µM, 50 µM, 100 µM, 150 µM, …

The Anti Proliferative Effects Of Rosemary Oil On Keratinocyte Cell Line, Hacat, Muhammet Kuddusi̇ Erhan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study aims to investigate the action of rosemary oil on the immortalized keratinocyte cell line. Samples of Rosmarinus officinalis that were growing uncultivated in central Turkey were harvested during flowering in May 2016. The rosemary oil was obtained by the hydrodistillation of the dried ground material in a Clevenger-like apparatus. Human cells from the immortalized nontumorigenic keratinocyte cell line were seeded at a concentration of 5000 cells/well on 96 well plates. Cell viability was measured at the 24, 48, and 72 h. Five different doses of 1.25% to 20% Rosmarinus officinalis oil, 20% DMSO (for toxic examination), and 1 …

Pulmonary And Systemic Pathophysiological Impact Of Silver Nanoparticles: Effects Of Coating, Time, And Dose, Zannatul Ferdous

Dissertations

Nanotechnology is rapidly developing, and engineered materials (ENMs) are utilized in a wide array of end-user products owing to their unique physicochemical properties. Of the various forms of ENMs, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have gained much attention for potential uses in commercial applications. Due to their unique features, particularly antimicrobial properties, there had been a surge in the production of AgNPs-based products, hence increasing the potential of both occupational and consumer exposure. Among the various routes of human exposure, pulmonary exposure to AgNPs has received increased interest due to their potential to cause pulmonary injury, cross the alveolar-capillary barrier, and distribute …

Physiological And Pharmacological Roles Of Melatonin In The Pathophysiologicalcomponents Of Cellular Injury After Ischemic Stroke, Ertuğrul Kiliç, Berrak Çağlayan, Mustafa Caglar Beker

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Apart from its metabolic or physiological functions, melatonin has a potent cytoprotective activity in the physiological and pathological conditions. It is synthetized by the pineal gland and released into the blood circulation but particularly cerebrospinal fluid in a circadian manner. It can also easily diffuse through cellular membranes due its small size and lipophilic structure. Its cytoprotective activity has been linked to its potent free radical scavenger activity with the desirable characteristics of a clinically- reliable antioxidant. Melatonin detoxifies oxygen and nitrogen-based free radicals and oxidizing agents, including the highly toxic hydroxyl-and peroxynitrite radicals, initiating cellular damage. However, the cytoprotective …

Evaluation Of Cytotoxic, Apoptotic Effects And Phenolic Compounds Of Sea Cucumberholothuria Tubulosa (Gmelin, 1791) Extracts, Mehli̇ka Alper, Melek Güneş

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study aimed to investigate the potential cytotoxic effects and phenolic contents of aqueous (HTS) and methanolic (HTM) extracts of Holothuria tubulosa gathered from Muğla (Turkey) against different cancer cells for the first time. An MTT assay was carried out to determine cellular viability. Apoptotic cell death was determined using flow cytometry. DNA fragmentation assay and caspase-3 activity analysis were carried out. Both extracts were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for quantification of phenolic compounds. Both HTS and HTM extracts generally caused a decrease in the cell viability in a concentration- and timedependent manner. The lowest IC$_{50}$ value …

Protective Effects Of Apocynin On Damaged Testes Of Rats Exposed To Methotrexate, Kübra Kavram Sarihan, Melda Yardimoğlu Yilmaz, Fatma Ceyla Eraldemi̇r, Yusufhan Yazir, Esra Acar

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Methotrexate (MTX), widely used as a drug in cancer, has many adverse effects on tissues. Apocynin (APO) is a NADPH oxidase inhibitor and is known with many antioxidant properties. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the adverse effects of MTX on testicular tissue and the protective effects of APO at two different doses (20 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg) on MTX-induced testicular damage.Materials and methods: Fifty adult male Wistar albino rats (8 weeks old and weighing 200-250 g) were divided into five groups of 10 rats each: 1. saline control, 2. dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) control, 3. MTX, 4. APO-20 …

Ocular Toxicity Of Intravitreal Golimumab In A Rabbit Model, Ceren Durmaz Engi̇n, Serap Ci̇laker Miçili, Osman Yilmaz, Hüsnü Alper Bağriyanik, Beki̇r Uğur Ergür, Fatoş Önen, Ali̇ Osman Saatci̇

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: To investigate the effect of intravitreal golimumab on rabbit retina histopathology. Materials and methods: Sixteen albino New Zealand rabbits were divided into three groups. The right eye of each rabbit in groups I, II, and III received a single intravitreal injection of 5 mg/0.05 mL (6 eyes), 10 mg/0.1 mL (6 eyes), or 20 mg/0.2 mL (4 eyes) golimumab, while left eyes served as controls with the same volume of a balanced salt solution injection. All animals were examined using slit-lamp biomicroscopy and indirect ophthalmoscopy before and after intravitreal injection and at days 1 and 7. Animals were euthanized …

Melatonin, Aging, And Covid-19: Could Melatonin Be Beneficial For Covid-19 Treatment In The Elderly?, Güler Öztürk, Kazi̇me Gonca Akbulut, Şevi̇n Güney

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

The aim of this review is to summarize current studies on the relationship between melatonin and aging. Nowadays, age-related diseases come into prominence, and identifying age-related changes and developing proper therapeutic approaches are counted as some of the major issues regarding community health. Melatonin is the main hormone of the pineal gland. Melatonin is known to influence many biological processes in the body, including circadian rhythms, the immune system, and neuroendocrine and cardiovascular functions. Melatonin rhythms also reflect the biological process of aging. Aging is an extremely complex and multifactorial process. Melatonin levels decline considerably with aging and its decline …