Legal Remedies To Address Stigma-Based Health Inequalities In The United States: Opportunities And Challenges, Valarie K. Blake, Mark L. Hatzenbuehler

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Stigma is an established driver of population-level health outcomes. Antidiscrimination laws can generate or alleviate stigma and, thus, are a critical component in the study of improving population health.

Currently, antidiscrimination laws are often underenforced and are sometimes conceptualized by courts and lawmakers in ways that are too narrow to fully reach all forms of stigma and all individuals who are stigmatized.

To remedy these limitations, we propose the creation of a new population-level surveillance system of antidiscrimination law and its enforcement, a central body to enforce antidiscrimination laws, as well as a collaborative research initiative to enhance the study …

Ischemic Stroke Alters Immune Cell Niche And Chemokine Profile In Mice Independent Of Spontaneous Bacterial Infection, Breanne Y. Farris, Kelly L. Monaghan, Wen Zheng, Courtney D. Amend, Heng Hu, Amanda G. Ammer, James E. Coad, Xuefang Ren, Edwin C. K. Wan

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background

The aim of this study is to report the long-term efficacy and safety of thoracoscopic epicardial left atrial ablation (TELA) in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF).

Methods

This was a retrospective review of medical records. We included all patients diagnosed with paroxysmal AF who underwent TELA at our institution between 04/2011 and 06/2017. TELA included pulmonary vein isolation, LA dome lesions and LA appendage exclusion. All (n = 55) patients received an implantable loop recorder (ILR), 30 days post-operatively. Antiarrhythmic and anticoagulation therapy were discontinued at 90 and 180 days postoperatively, respectively, if patients were free of …

Intranasal Peptide-Based Fpva-Klh Conjugate Vaccine Protects Mice From Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Acute Murine Pneumonia, Emel Sen-Kilic, Catherine B. Blackwood, Dylan T. Boehm, Wiliam T. Witt, Aaron C. Malkowski, Justin R. Bevere, Ting Y. Wong, Jesse M. Hall, Shelby D. Bradford, Melinda E. Varney, Fredrick Heath Damron, Mariette Barbier

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen causing acute and chronic respiratory infections associated with morbidity and mortality, especially in patients with cystic fibrosis. Vaccination against P. aeruginosa before colonization may be a solution against these infections and improve the quality of life of at-risk patients. To develop a vaccine against P. aeruginosa, we formulated a novel peptide-based P. aeruginosa subunit vaccine based on the extracellular regions of one of its major siderophore receptors, FpvA. We evaluated the effectiveness and immunogenicity of the FpvA peptides conjugated to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) with the adjuvant curdlan in a murine vaccination and challenge …

Evaluability Assessment Of “Growing Healthy Communities,” A Mini-Grant Program To Improve Access To Healthy Foods And Places For Physical Activity, Christiaan G. Abildso, Angela Dyer, Shay M. Daily, Thomas K. Bias

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Mini-grants have been used to stimulate multisector collaboration in support of public health initiatives by funding non-traditional partners, such as economic development organizations. Such mini-grants have the potential to increase access to healthy foods and places for physical activity through built environment change, especially in small and rural towns in the United States. Although a promising practice, few mini-grant evaluations have been done. Therefore, our purpose was to conduct an Evaluability Assessment (EA), which is a process that can help promising programs that lack evidence advance toward full-scale evaluation. Specifically, we conducted an Evaluability Assessment of a statewide mini-grant program, …

Development Of Targeted Alpha Particle Therapy For Solid Tumors, Narges K. Tafreshi, Michael L. Doligalski, Christopher J. Tichacek, Darpan N. Pandya, Mikalai M. Budzevich, Ghassan El-Haddad, Nikhil I. Khushalani, Eduardo G. Moros, Mark L. Mclaughlin, Thaddeus J. Wadas, David L. Morse

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Abstract: Targeted alpha-particle therapy (TAT) aims to selectively deliver radionuclides emitting α-particles (cytotoxic payload) to tumors by chelation to monoclonal antibodies, peptides or small molecules that recognize tumor-associated antigens or cell-surface receptors. Because of the high linear energy transfer (LET) and short range of alpha (α) particles in tissue, cancer cells can be significantly damaged while causing minimal toxicity to surrounding healthy cells. Recent clinical studies have demonstrated the remarkable efficacy of TAT in the treatment of metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer. In this comprehensive review, we discuss the current consensus regarding the properties of the α-particle-emitting radionuclides that are potentially …

Orofacial Granulomatosis In A Child, Reena Razdan, Maxwell D. Newby, Michele M. Carr

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Orofacial granulomatosis (OFG) is a rare, idiopathic disorder of the orofacial region. It is clinically characterized by persistent and/or recurrent enlargement of the soft tissues of the oral and maxillofacial region, often manifesting as labial enlargement and swelling of intraoral sites such as the gingiva, tongue, and buccal mucosa. Full-thickness mucosal biopsy reveals noncaseating granulomatous inflammation, similar to Crohn’s disease and sarcoidosis. Thus, OFG must be distinguished from other chronic granulomatous disorders. We report a case of a young female patient who presented with labial and maxillary gingival enlargement without any identifiable systemic causes, with suggested involvement of environmental triggers.

Retrospective Review Of The Patient Cases At A Major Trauma Center In Nairobi, Kenya And Implications For Emergency Care Development, Julie Saleeby, Justin G. Myers, Karen Ekernas, Katherine Hunold, Ali Wangara, Alice Maingi, Peyton Wilson, Vincent Mutiso, Sarah Zamamiri, Daniel Bacon, Wes Davis, John Suder, Yash Agrawal, Ogar Ogar, Ian B.K. Martin, Stephen Dunlop

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Introduction

Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are continuing to experience a “triple burden” of disease - traumatic injury, non-communicable diseases (NCDs), and communicable disease with maternal and neonatal conditions (CD&Ms). The epidemiology of this triad is not well characterised and poses significant challenges to resource allocations, administration, and education of emergency care providers. The data collected in this study provide a comprehensive description of the emergency centre at Kenya's largest public tertiary care hospital.

Methods

This study is a retrospective chart review conducted at Kenyatta National Hospital of all patient encounters over a four-month period. Data were collected from financial …

Expenditure, Coping, And Academic Behaviors Among Food-Insecure College Students At 10 Higher Education Institutes In The Appalachian And Southeastern Regions, Rebecca L. Hagedorn, Laura H. Mcarthur, Lanae B. Hood, Maureen Berner, Elizabeth T. Anderson Steeves, Carol L. Connell, Elizabeth Wall-Bassett, Marsha Spence, Oyinlola Toyin Babatunde, E Brooke Kelly, Julia F. Waity, J Porter Lillis, Melissa D. Olfert

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background

A number of studies have measured college student food insecurity prevalence higher than the national average; however, no multicampus regional study among students at 4-y institutions has been undertaken in the Appalachian and Southeast regions of the United States.

Objectives

The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of food insecurity among college students in the Appalachian and Southeastern regions of the United States, and to determine the association between food-insecurity status and money expenditures, coping strategies, and academic performance among a regional sample of college students.

Methods

This regional, cross-sectional, online survey study included 13,642 college …

Mutations In Arl2bp, A Protein Required For Ciliary Microtubule Structure, Cause Syndromic Male Infertility In Humans And Mice, Abigal R. Moye, Nicola Bedoni, Jessica G. Cunningham, Urikhan Sanzhaeva, Eric S. Tucker, Peter Mathers, Virginie G. Peter, Mathieu Quinodoz, Liliana P. Paris, Luisa Coutinho-Santos, Pedro Camacho, Madeleine G. Purcell, Abbie C. Winkelmann, James A. Foster, Elena N. Pugacheva, Carlo Rivolta, Visvanathan Ramamurthy

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Cilia are evolutionarily conserved hair-like structures with a wide spectrum of key biological roles, and their dysfunction has been linked to a growing class of genetic disorders, known collectively as ciliopathies. Many strides have been made towards deciphering the molecular causes for these diseases, which have in turn expanded the understanding of cilia and their functional roles. One recently-identified ciliary gene is ARL2BP, encoding the ADP-Ribosylation Factor Like 2 Binding Protein. In this study, we have identified multiple ciliopathy phenotypes associated with mutations in ARL2BP in human patients and in a mouse knockout model. Our research demonstrates that spermiogenesis …

Investigational Monoclonal Antibodies In The Treatment Of Multiple Myeloma: A Systematic Review Of Agents Under Clinical Development, Ahmad Iftikhar, Hamza Hassan, Nimra Iftikhar, Adeela Mushtaq, Atif Sohail, Nathaniel Rosko, Rajshekhar Chakraborty, Faryal Razzaq, Sonia Sandeep, Jason Neil Valent, Abraham Sebastian Kanate, Faiz Anwer

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background: Immunotherapy for multiple myeloma (MM) has been the focus in recent years due to its myeloma-specific immune responses. We reviewed the literature on non-Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to highlight future perspectives. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and ClinicalTrials.gov to include phase I/II clinical trials. Data from 39 studies (1906 patients) were included. Of all the agents, Isatuximab (Isa, anti-CD38) and F50067 (anti-CXCR4) were the only mAbs to produce encouraging results as monotherapy with overall response rates (ORRs) of 66.7% and 32% respectively. Isa showed activity when used in combination with …

Impact Of Rural Versus Urban Geographic Location On Length Of Stay After Carotid Endarterectomy, Samantha D. Minc, Ranjita Misra, Sari D. Holmes, Yue Ren, Luke Marone

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Abstract

Background: Reducing the incidence of extended length of stay (ELOS) after carotid endarterectomy (CEA), defined as LOS > I day, is an important quality improvement focus of the Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI). Rural patients with geographic barriers pose a particular challenge for discharge and may have higher incidences of ELOS as a result. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of patients’ home geographic location on ELOS after CEA.

Methods: The VQI national database for CEA comprised the sample for analyses (N = 66,900). Rural-Urban Commuting Area (RUCA) codes, a validated system used to classify the nation’s …

Bariatric Surgery Outcomes In Appalachia Influenced By Surgery Type, Diabetes, And Depression, Makenzie L. Barr, Lawrence E. Tabone, Stephanie J. Cox, Cassie Brode, Nova Szoka, I. Mark Olfert, Laura Davisson, Melissa D. Olfert

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background

Most effective treatment for morbid obesity and its comorbidities is bariatric surgery. However, research is limited on weight loss and associated outcomes among patients in Appalachia. The objective of this study was to examine demographic and comorbidity influence on surgical outcomes of this population including age, sex, race, state of residence, education, marital status, body mass index (BMI kg/m2), excess body weight (EBW), percent excess weight loss (%EWL), blood pressure, diagnosed depression, diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), and laboratory values (i.e., hemoglobin A1c).

Methods

A retrospective electronic medical record (EMR) data extraction was performed on …

Differences Between Occupational And Non-Occupational-Related Motor Vehicle Collisions In West Virginia: A Cross-Sectional And Spatial Analysis, Toni Marie Rudisill

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background

Motor vehicle collisions comprise the majority of occupational-related fatalities in the United States and West Virginia has one of the highest occupational-related fatality rates in the nation. The purpose of this study was to compare work and non-work-related collisions, crash locations, and the characteristics of in-state and out-of-state drivers ≥18 years of age who were fatally injured in work-related collisions in West Virginia.

Methodology

Data were from the 2000–2017 Fatality Analysis Reporting System. Work and non-work-related crashes and characteristics in-state vs. out-of-state drivers were compared using binary and multivariable logistic regression analyses. Crash locations were compared via spatial analyses …

Barriers To Using New Needles Encountered By Rural Appalachian People Who Inject Drugs: Implications For Needle Exchange, Stephen M. Davis, Alfgeir L. Kristjansson, Danielle Davidov, Keith Zullig, Adam Baus, Melanie Fisher

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background

Using a new needle for every injection can reduce the spread of infectious disease among people who inject drugs (PWID). No previous study has examined new needle use barriers among PWIDs residing in the rural Appalachian part of the United States, an area currently in the midst of a heroin epidemic.

Objective

Therefore, our primary aim was to explore self-reported barriers to using a new needle by PWID attending a needle exchange program (NEP).

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional survey of PWID attending two NEPs in rural West Virginia located in the heart of Central Appalachia. A convenience sample …

Consumption Of Health-Related Content On Social Media Among Adolescent Girls: Mixed-Methods Pilot Study, Miriam P. Leary, Emily N. Clegg, Madison E. Santella, Pamela J. Murray, Julie S. Downs, Melissa D. Olfert

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background: Consumption of health- and fitness-related social media content is a predominant behavior among teenage girls, which puts them at risk for consuming unreliable health-related information.

Objective: This mixed-methods study (qualitative and quantitative) assessed health behavior attitudes and practices as well as social media use among adolescent girls. Additionally, similar practices and behaviors of adults who regularly interact with this population were studied.

Methods: Girls aged 12-18 years were recruited to complete a 28-item survey and participate in a 45- to 60-minute focus group. Adults who regularly interact with adolescent girls, including parents, teachers, and healthcare professionals, were recruited from …

Eustachian Tube Foreign Body With Endoscopic-Assisted Surgical Removal, Phillip R. Purnell, Adam Bender Heine, Habib Zalzal, Abdul R. Tarabishy, Adam Casis

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Abstract

Objectives. Foreign bodies of the external and middle ear are not uncommon; however, foreign bodies in the eustachian tube are rare. Here we describe the presentation, imaging, and endoscopic-assisted surgical management of a case of eustachian tube foreign body. Methods. A 34-year-old male was seen for evaluation of foreign body of the left eustachian tube while working with metal at a machine shop. Imaging and surgical management are highlighted and review of available literature regarding foreign bodies of the eustachian tube is presented. Results. A CT scan revealed a foreign body present approximately 1 cm into …

Traumatic Bladder Ruptures: A Ten-Year Review At A Level 1 Trauma Center, John Barnard, Tyler Overholt, Ali Hajiran, Chad Crigger, Morris Jessop, Jennifer Knight, Chad Morley

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Abstract

Bladder rupture occurs in only 1.6% of blunt abdominopelvic trauma cases. Although rare, bladder rupture can result in significant morbidity if undiagnosed or inappropriately managed. AUA Urotrauma Guidelines suggest that urethral catheter drainage is a standard of care for both extraperitoneal and intraperitoneal bladder rupture regardless of the need for surgical repair. However, no specific guidance is given regarding the length of catheterization. The present study seeks to summarize contemporary management of bladder trauma at our tertiary care center, assess the impact of length of catheterization on bladder injuries and complications, and develop a protocol for management of bladder …

Melatonin Prevents Osteoarthritis-Induced Cartilage Degradation Via Targeting Microrna-140, Yijian Zhang, Jun Lin, Xinfeng Zhou, Xi Chen, Angela Carley Chen, Bin Pi, Guoquing Pan, Ming Pei, Huilin Yang, Tao Liu, Fan He

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Abstract

Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by the progressive destruction of articular cartilage, which is involved in the imbalance between extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis and degradation. MicroRNA-140-5p (miR-140) is specifically expressed in cartilage and plays an important role in OA-induced matrix degradation. The aim of this study was to investigate (1) whether intra-articular injection of melatonin could ameliorate surgically induced OA in mice and (2) whether melatonin could regulate matrix-degrading enzymes at the posttranscriptional level by targeting miR-140. In an in vitro OA environment induced by interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), melatonin treatment improved cell proliferation of human chondrocytes, promoted the …

Effect Of A Motivational Interviewing–Based Intervention On Initiation Of Mental Health Treatment And Mental Health After An Emergency Department Visit Among Suicidal Adolescents, Jacqueline Grupp-Phelan, Jack Stevens, Stephanie Boyd, Daniel M. Cohen, Robert T. Ammerman, Stacey Liddy-Hicks, Kendra Heck, Steven C. Marcus, Lara Stone, John V. Campo, Jefferey A. Bridge

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Abstract

IMPORTANCE Emergency department (ED) visits present opportunities to identify and refer suicidal youth for outpatient mental health care, although this practice is not routine.

OBJECTIVE To examine whether a motivational interviewing–based intervention increases linkage of adolescents to outpatient mental health services and reduces depression symptoms and suicidal ideation in adolescents seeking emergency care for non–mental health–related concerns who screen positive for suicide risk.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In this randomized clinical trial, adolescents aged 12 to 17 years who screened positive on the Ask Suicide Screening Questions (ASQ) during a nonpsychiatric ED visit at 2 academic pediatric EDs in …

Interventions To Increase Completion Of Hepatitis B Vaccination In People Who Inject Drugs: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Stacy Tressler, Ruchi Bhandari

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Abstract

Increases in opioid misuse and injection drug use have resulted in a rise in acute cases of hepatitis B. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized studies to determine the effect (pooled odds ratio) of interventions to increase hepatitis B vaccination completion in people who inject drugs (PWID). Odds ratios from the included studies were combined to create a pooled odds ratio (OR) using the Inverse Heterogeneity Model. Eleven studies met the eligibility criterion of having a randomized intervention to increase hepatitis B virus vaccination completion among PWID. The odds of vaccine completion in the intervention group …

Cecal Perforation In The Setting Of Campylobacter Jejuni Infection, Seema Jain, Weston Betrner, Dane Olevian, Dhiraj Yadav

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Campylobacter infection is the leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide, yet life-threatening complications are extremely rare. We present a 32-year-old previously healthy man who presented with dysentery from Campylobacter jejuni, which was complicated by cecal perforation and secondary bacterial peritonitis.

Integrated Transcriptomics, Metabolomics, And Lipidomics Profiling In Rat Lung, Blood, And Serum For Assessment Of Laser Printer-Emitted Nanoparticle Inhalation Exposure-Induced Disease Risks, Nancy Lan Guo, Tuang Yeow Poh, Sandra Pirela, Mariana T. Farcas, Sanjay H. Chotirmall, Wai Kin Tham, Sunil S. Adav, Qing Ye, Yongyue Wei, Sipeng Shen, David C. Christiani, Kee Woei Ng, Treye Thomas, Yong Qian, Philip Demokritou

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

settings Open AccessArticle

Integrated Transcriptomics, Metabolomics, and Lipidomics Profiling in Rat Lung, Blood, and Serum for Assessment of Laser Printer-Emitted Nanoparticle Inhalation Exposure-Induced Disease Risks

by Nancy Lan Guo 1,*,Tuang Yeow Poh 2,Sandra Pirela 3,Mariana T. Farcas 4,Sanjay H. Chotirmall 2,Wai Kin Tham 5,Sunil S. Adav 5,Qing Ye 1,Yongyue Wei 6,Sipeng Shen 2,David C. Christiani 2,Kee Woei Ng 3,7,8,Treye Thomas 9,Yong Qian 4 andPhilip Demokritou 3 1 West Virginia University Cancer Institute/School of Public Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA 2 Lee Kong Chian …

Acute Levodopa Dosing Around-The-Clock Ameliorates Rem Sleep Without Atonia In Hemiparkinsonian Rats, Vishakh Iyer, Quynh Vo, Anthony Mell, Siven Chinniah, Ashley Zenerovitz, Kala Venkiteswaran, Allen R. Kunselman, Jidong Fang, Thyagarajan Subramanian

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

• Article
• Open Access
• Published: 29 November 2019

Acute levodopa dosing around-the-clock ameliorates REM sleep without atonia in hemiparkinsonian rats

• Vishakh Iyer,
• Quynh Vo,
• Anthony Mell,
• Siven Chinniah,
• Ashley Zenerovitz,
• Kala Venkiteswaran,
• Allen R. Kunselman,
• Jidong Fang &
• Thyagarajan Subramanian

npj Parkinson's Disease volume 5, Article number: 27 (2019) Cite this article

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Abstract

Rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep without atonia (RSWA), a marker of REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD), is frequently comorbid with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Although rodent models are commonly used for studying PD, the neurobiological and behavioral correlates of …

Investigation Of The Cofiring Process Of Raw Or Torrefied Bamboo And Masson Pine By Using A Cone Calorimeter, Hongzhong Xiang, Jianfei Yang, Zixing Feng, Wanhe Hu, Fang Liang, Liangmeng Ni, Qi Gao, Zhijia Liu

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Cofiring characteristics of raw or torrefied bamboo and masson pine blends with different blend ratios were investigated by cone calorimetry, and its ash performance from cofiring was also determined by a YX-HRD testing instrument, X-ray fluorescence, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results showed that bamboo and masson pine had the different physicochemical properties. Torrefaction improved fuel performances, resulting in a more stable cofiring process. It also decreased the heat release rate, total heat release, and total suspended particulates of fuels, especially CO2 and CO release. Masson pine ash mainly included CaO, SiO2, Fe2O3, K2O, and Al2O3. …

Caspase-11 Mediates Neutrophil Chemotaxis And Extracellular Trap Formation During Acute Gouty Arthritis Through Alteration Of Cofilin Phosphorylation, Kyle Caution, Nicholas Young, Frank Robledo-Avila, Kathrin Krause, Arwa Abu Khweek, Kaitlin Hamilton, Asmaa Badr, Anup Vaidya, Kylene Daily, Hawin Gosu, Midhun N. K. Anne, Mostafa Eltobgy, Duaa Dakhlallah, Sudha Argwal, Shady Estfanous, Xiaoli Zhang, Santiago Partida-Sanchez, Mikhail A. Gavrilin, Wael N. Jarjour, Amal O. Amer

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Gout is characterized by attacks of arthritis with hyperuricemia and monosodium urate (MSU) crystal-induced inflammation within joints. Innate immune responses are the primary drivers for tissue destruction and inflammation in gout. MSU crystals engage the Nlrp3 inflammasome, leading to the activation of caspase-1 and production of IL-1β and IL-18 within gout-affected joints, promoting the influx of neutrophils and monocytes. Here, we show that caspase-11−/− mice and their derived macrophages produce significantly reduced levels of gout-specific cytokines including IL-1β, TNFα, IL-6, and KC, while others like IFNγ and IL-12p70 are not altered. IL-1β induces the expression of caspase-11 in an IL-1 …

Impact Of Fibronectin Knockout On Proliferation And Differentiation Of Human Infrapatellar Fat Pad-Derived Stem Cells, Yiming Wang, Yawen Fu, Zuoqin Yan, Xiao-Bing Zhang, Ming Pei

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Fibronectin plays an essential role in tissue development and regeneration. However, the effects of fibronectin knockout (FN1-KO) on stem cells’ proliferation and differentiation remain unknown. In this study, CRISPR/Cas9 generated FN1-KO in human infrapatellar fat pad-derived stem cells (IPFSCs) was evaluated for proliferation ability including cell cycle and surface markers as well as stemness gene expression and for differentiation capacity including chondrogenic and adipogenic differentiation. High passage IPFSCs were also evaluated for proliferation and differentiation capacity after expansion on decellularized ECM (dECM) deposited by FN1-KO cells. Successful FN1-KO in IPFSCs was confirmed by Sanger sequencing and Inference of CRISPR Edits …

Improving Exposure For Transoral Oropharyngeal Surgery With The Floor Of Mouth Window: A Cadaveric Feasibility Study, Jefferson Chung, Adam Bender-Heine, H. Wayne Lambert

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background: Transoral robotic and laser surgery is rising in popularity due to the increasing incidence of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) related oropharyngeal cancer. However, adequate exposure of the tongue base remains a major hurdle in many cases. This study introduces a novel surgical technique called the Floor of Mouth Window, which can be used to improve tongue base exposure at the time of transoral surgery. Methods: This is a preclinical anatomic cadaver study. Seven fresh cadavers were used for this study. Exposure of the tongue base was compared between conventional mouth gags – the Feyh-Kastenbauer and McIvor – and our …

Patellar Tendon Morphology In Trans-Tibial Amputees Utilizing A Prosthesis With A Patellar-Tendon-Bearing Feature, Kai-Yu Ho, Michelle Harty, Jessica Kellogg, Kelly Teter, Szu-Ping Lee, Yu-Jen Chang, Gregory Bashford

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

A patellar-tendon-bearing (PTB) bar is a common design feature used in the socket of trans-tibial prostheses to place load on the pressure-tolerant tissue. As the patellar tendon in the residual limb is subjected to the perpendicular compressive force not commonly experienced in normal tendons, it is possible for tendon degeneration to occur over time. The purpose of this study was to compare patellar tendon morphology and neovascularity between the residual and intact limbs in trans-tibial amputees and healthy controls. Fifteen unilateral trans-tibial amputees who utilized a prosthesis with a PTB feature and 15 age- and sex- matched controls participated. Sonography …

Safety And Long-Term Efficacy Of Thoracoscopic Epicardial Ablation In Patients With Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation: A Retrospective Study, John Johnkoski, Bryan Miles, Anna Sudbury, Mohammed Osman, Muhammad Bilal Munir, Sudarshan Balla, Mina M. Benjamin

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background: The aim of this study is to report the long-term efficacy and safety of thoracoscopic epicardial left atrial ablation (TELA) in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods: This was a retrospective review of medical records. We included all patients diagnosed with paroxysmal AF who underwent TELA at our institution between 04/2011 and 06/2017. TELA included pulmonary vein isolation, LA dome lesions and LA appendage exclusion. All (n = 55) patients received an implantable loop recorder (ILR), 30 days post-operatively. Antiarrhythmic and anticoagulation therapy were discontinued at 90 and 180 days postoperatively, respectively, if patients were free of AF …

Surgical Correction Of Aortic Regurgitation Using A Haart 300™ Rigid Aortic Ring: A Novel Method To Standardize Aortic Valve Repair, Radoslaw Gocol, Marek Jasiński, Damian Hudziak, Jaroslaw Bis, Aleksandra Żak, Piotr Duraj, Magdalena Mizia, J. Scott Rankin, Marek A. Deja

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

No abstract provided.