Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Early Prevention Of Pressure Ulcers In The Emergency Department, Marie Fagan

Seton Hall University DNP Final Projects

Purpose: Pressure ulcers characterize a major health problem in clinical practice, which in turn, can have an impact on quality of life and health care costs (Dugaret, Videau, Faure, Gabinski, Bourdel-Marchasson & Salles, 2012). Pressure ulcers can develop during treatment regardless of the setting. They develop in long term facilities, family homes and hospitals. The purpose of this DNP project was to ensure patient health and safety by educating the primary emergency room nurses to at-risk individuals presenting to the Emergency Department and to initiate early intervention strategies. Significance of the Project: Until recently, there has been very little literature …

Global Health Security Agenda Legal Landscape Assessment, Natasha M. Nussbaum

Master's Projects and Capstones

The Global Health Security Agenda (GHSA) was created on February 13, 2014, to improve country's ability to detect, prevent and respond to emerging health threats. Eleven action packages were created. The detection action package included antimicrobial resistance, zoonotic diseases, national biosafety/biosecurity and immunization. The prevention action package included establishing a national laboratory system, strengthening real-time biosurveillance, advancing timely and accurate disease reporting and establishing a trained global health security workforce.The response action package focused on establishing emergency operation centers, linking public health and law enforcement and enhancing medical countermeasures/personnel deployment.

The following paper summarizes the components performed for the GHSA …

Acute Injuries In Recreational And Competitive Surfers: Incidence, Severity, Location, Type And Mechanism, James Furness, Wayne Hing, Joe Walsh, Allan Abbott, Jeremy Sheppard, Michael Climstein

James Furness

This is the largest surfing-specific survey that included both recreational and competitive surfers conducted in Australia to date. The shoulder, ankle, head, and face were identified as the key regions where acute injuries occur in surfers. This research may aid in reducing the occurrence of injury through musculoskeletal screening in these key injury-prone regions and through the use of sport-specific strength training and conditioning.

Promoting Colorectal Cancer Screening Among Haitian Americans, Steven S. Coughlin, Erica I. Lubetkin, Jennifer L. Hay, Renald Raphael, Selina A. Smith

Journal of the Georgia Public Health Association

Background: Few studies have examined colorectal cancer screening among Haitian Americans, although striking disparities in colorectal cancer screening and mortality are well-documented among U.S. Blacks. Race, socioeconomic status, and place of birth are factors associated with colorectal cancer incidence and mortality patterns.

Methods: In this article, we summarize published studies on colorectal cancer screening among Haitian Americans, identified through bibliographic searches in PubMed and CINAHL through August 2015, and offer recommendations for further research.

Results: Only one qualitative study and three quantitative surveys have examined colorectal cancer screening among Haitian Americans. A qualitative study found important differences in perceptions of …

Children’S Oral Health Assessment, Prevention, And Treatment, Christopher Okunseri, Cesar Gonzalez, Brian D. Hodgson

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Proyecto Mama: A Lifestyle Intervention In Overweight And Obese Hispanic Women: A Randomised Controlled Trial--Study Protocol, Lisa Chasan-Taber, Bess H. Marcus, Milagros C. Rosal, Katherine L. Tucker, Sheri J. Hartman, Penelope S. Pekow, Edward J. Stanek Iii, Barry Braun, Caren G. Solomon, Joanne Manson, Sarah L. Goff, Glenn Markenson

Sarah L. Goff MD

BACKGROUND: The proportion of women entering pregnancy overweight or obese has been rising and, in turn, is associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Gestational weight gain (GWG) exceeding Institute of Medicine (IOM) guidelines further increases health risks and has been independently associated with postpartum weight retention. Hispanic women are disproportionately affected by overweight and obesity, but have had limited access to interventions that promote healthy lifestyles due to cultural, socioeconomic, and language barriers. Therefore, the overall goal of this randomized controlled trial is to test the efficacy of a culturally and linguistically modified, individually-tailored lifestyle intervention to reduce excess …

Behavioural Charactertics Of Patients Vulnerable For Repeated Hospitalisation, Amresh Srivastava, Coralee Berlmont, Miky Kaushal, Avinash Desouza, Robbie Campbell, Larry Stitt

Amresh Srivastava

Background

Re-hospitalization which takes place in about 30 to 50% postdischarge patienst, leads to poor outcome, increased rate of mortality and consumes more than 2/3 of budgetary allocations. Inability to identify vulnerable candidates for repeated admissions limits our options for strategic treatment.

Methods

In this prospective study conducted at Regional Mental Health Care ( Presently Parkwood Institute) 101 patienst ( 51 feamles, mean age 43 years), were examined using standard psychometric tools on parameters of clinical, psychopathological, suicide behaviour and resiliency for their risk and preventive characerstics.

Results

We assessed 101 subjects (51 females) with mean age of 42 years. …

Stroke Preparedness In Children: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Gustavo Saposnik

Gustavo Saposnik

No abstract provided.

A Cyberbullying Needs Assessment In A Middle School Population: Identifying A Direction For Nurses, Ashley M. Eggleston

Doctoral Dissertations

Cyberbullying is a fairly new phenomenon that most adolescents will experience or be exposed to during their lifetime. It produces devastating outcomes on those who are victims and perpetrators of cyberbullying. There is a limited amount of research regarding the prevention of cyberbullying. The evidence that is available is mostly exploratory in nature. Currently, the literature recommends conducting a needs assessment to validate the problem, raise awareness, and identify potential solutions that are specific to a population and/or setting. Therefore, the purpose of this scholarly project was to administer a cyberbullying needs assessment at a local west Michigan middle school. …

School Administrators' Perceptions Of Factors That Influence Children's Active Travel To School, Anna Greer, Delores Pluto, Olga Ogoussan, Jorge Banda

Anna E. Greer

BACKGROUND: Increasing children's active travel to school may be 1 strategy for addressing the growing prevalence of obesity among school age children. Using the School Travel Survey, we examined South Carolina school district leaders' perceptions of factors that influence elementary and middle school students walking to school. METHODS: Frequency distributions and chi-square tests were used to analyze the survey responses; open-ended questions were reviewed qualitatively for recurring topics and themes. RESULTS: School and district leaders (N = 314) most often reported street crossing safety (54.0%) and number of sidewalks (54.0%) as priority factors that should be addressed to increase students' …

Postoperative Delirium Prevention In The Older Adult: An Evidence-Based Process Improvement Project, Tracy Layne, Sheila A. Haas, Judy E. Davidson, Audrey Klopp

Nursing: School of Nursing Faculty Publications and Other Works

Postoperative delirium is a major complication in hospitalized older adults. Implementation of a screening tool and evidence-based delirium-prevention protocol on a surgical unit increased nurses’ knowledge regarding delirium, increased identification of delirium, and produced medical treatment alterations leading to positive patient outcomes.

The Healthy Mind, Healthy Mobility Trial: A Novel Exercise Program For Older Adults, Dawn P. Gill, Michael A. Gregory, Guangyong Zou, Teresa Liu-Ambrose, Ryosuke Shigematsu, Vladimir Hachinski, Clara Fitzgerald, Robert Petrella

Lifestyle Research Team

BACKGROUND:

More evidence is needed to conclude that a specific program of exercise and/or cognitive training warrants prescription for the prevention of cognitive decline. We examined the effect of a group-based standard exercise program for older adults, with and without dual-task training, on cognitive function in older adults without dementia.

METHODS:

We conducted a proof-of-concept, single-blinded, 26-wk randomized controlled trial whereby participants recruited from preexisting exercise classes at the Canadian Centre for Activity and Aging in London, Ontario, were randomized to the intervention group (exercise + dual-task [EDT]) or the control group (exercise only [EO]). Each week (2 or 3 …

Mobilisation Of Public Support For Policy Actions To Prevent Obesity, Terry T-K Huang, John H. Cawley, Marice Ashe, Sergio Costa, Leah M. Frerichs, Lindsey Zwicker, Juan A. Rivera, David Levy, Ross A. Hammond, Estelle V. Lambert, Shiriki K. Kumanyika

Publications and Research

Public mobilisation is needed to enact obesity prevention policies and to mitigate backlash against their implementation. However, current approaches in public health focus primarily on dialogue between public health professionals and political leaders. Strategies to increase popular demand for obesity prevention policies include refining and streamlining public information, identifying effective frames for each population, enhancing media advocacy, building citizen protest and engagement, and developing a receptive political environment with change agents embedded across organisations and sectors. Long-term support and investment in collaboration among diverse stakeholders to create shared value is also important. Each actor in an expanded coalition for obesity …

Acute Injuries In Recreational And Competitive Surfers: Incidence, Severity, Location, Type And Mechanism, James Furness, Wayne Hing, Joe Walsh, Allan Abbott, Jeremy Sheppard, Michael Climstein

Wayne Hing

This is the largest surfing-specific survey that included both recreational and competitive surfers conducted in Australia to date. The shoulder, ankle, head, and face were identified as the key regions where acute injuries occur in surfers. This research may aid in reducing the occurrence of injury through musculoskeletal screening in these key injury-prone regions and through the use of sport-specific strength training and conditioning.

Acute Injuries In Recreational And Competitive Surfers: Incidence, Severity, Location, Type And Mechanism, James Furness, Wayne Hing, Joe Walsh, Allan Abbott, Jeremy Sheppard, Michael Climstein

Allan D. Abbott

This is the largest surfing-specific survey that included both recreational and competitive surfers conducted in Australia to date. The shoulder, ankle, head, and face were identified as the key regions where acute injuries occur in surfers. This research may aid in reducing the occurrence of injury through musculoskeletal screening in these key injury-prone regions and through the use of sport-specific strength training and conditioning.

The Medical Response To The Black Death, Joseph A. Legan

Senior Honors Projects, 2010-2019

This paper discusses the medical response to the Black Death in both Europe and the Middle East. The Black Death was caused by a series of bacterial strands collectively known as Yersinia pestis. The Plague originated in the Mongolian Steppes. It was spread westward by the east-west trading system. Once it arrived in the Crimea in 1346, Italian merchants helped spread it throughout the Mediterranean. Medicine in Europe and the Middle East were centered on Galen’s theory of humors. There were many religious explanations for the Plague, but the main medical explanation was the spread of bad air, or …

Using Education And A Prevention Protocol Tool To Decrease The Incidence Of Pressure Ulcers In A Nursing Home, Kristina L. Scalzitti

Evidence-Based Practice Project Reports

Over 1.3 million persons are residents in nursing homes (NHs); one in ten have pressure ulcers. The purpose of this evidence based practice project was to determine if implementation of a pressure ulcer prevention tool, along with staff education, decreases the incidence of pressure ulcers within the NH. Florence Nightingale’s Environmental Model and the Stetler Model were used to guide this project. The setting was a NH in northwest Indiana. Eleven nurses attended a 15 minute educational session on pressure ulcer prevention and implementation of the Pressure Ulcer Prevention Protocol Intervention (PUPPI) tool. PowerPoint slides were distributed and flyers about …

Radon Potential, Geologic Formations, And Lung Cancer Risk, Ellen J. Hahn, Yevgeniya Gokun, William M. Andrews Jr., Bethany L. Overfield, Heather Robertson, Amanda T. Wiggins, Mary Kay Rayens

Nursing Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVE: Exposure to radon is associated with approximately 10% of U.S. lung cancer cases. Geologic rock units have varying concentrations of uranium, producing fluctuating amounts of radon. This exploratory study examined the spatial and statistical associations between radon values and geological formations to illustrate potential population-level lung cancer risk from radon exposure.

METHOD: This was a secondary data analysis of observed radon values collected in 1987 from homes (N = 309) in Kentucky and geologic rock formation data from the Kentucky Geological Survey. Radon value locations were plotted on digital geologic maps using ArcGIS and linked to specific geologic map …

A Retrospective Chart Review To Profile Appalachian Fall Risk, Hannah M. Warren

Undergraduate Honors Theses

This study was designed to create a high-risk fall profile for a specific Appalachian community. Data were obtained from 1,598 individuals with fall-related injuries who had been had been evaluated at a Level 1 Trauma center in Northeast Tennessee throughout 2011 and 2012, ages of individuals were 18 to 85 years. Data collected included: age, gender, county of fall, site of fall, type of fall, number of co-morbidities, season of fall, and time of day of fall. Results showed differences in criteria for categorizing individuals at high risk of falls, as well as data that had not appeared in the …

Coping Mechanisms Of Children With Atopic Dermatitis, Whitney A. St. Mary

Honors Theses

This was a qualitative study that explored the lived experience of parents who had children with atopic dermatitis, otherwise known as eczema. The study had seven volunteer participants and the objective of this study was to determine any coping mechanisms used to overcome the negative aspects of atopic dermatitis. Volunteers were obtained from the Oak Grove Family Clinic. Phone interviews were then conducted and the participants were asked a series of eight questions. After the interviews concluded the researcher then transcribed the interviews and determined common themes from parents’ responses. All of the parents discussed how using unscented lotion, preventing …

Deep Brain Stimulation And The Ethics Of Preventative Medicine, Robert Joel Nowell

Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects

No abstract provided.

The Flip-Side To Readmission: Focused After-Care, Amresh Srivastava

Amresh Srivastava

paper 1. Suicidality in hospitalized early psychosis patients at time of discharge

The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence and nature of suicidal risk among early psychosis patients at the time of discharge from hospital. Is it only related to the involvement of a suicidal attempt at admission? Thirty such patients, who were admitted after a suicide attempt were compared with 30 patients similarly diagnosed, but admitted for clinical reasons not involving a suicide attempt. Dependent measures of psychopathology, adjustment and suicidality were used. It was found that the two groups did not differ in suicidality, which …

How Do General Practitioners And Patients Make Decisions About Cardiovascular Disease Risk?, Carissa Bonner, Jesse Jansen, Shannon Mckinn, Jenny Doust, Paul Glasziou, Kirsten Mccaffery

Jenny Doust

Objective: Although current guidelines around the world recommend using absolute risk (AR) thresholds to decide whether cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk should be managed with lifestyle or medication, the use of AR in clinical practice is limited. The aim of this study was to explore the factors that influence general practitioner (GP) and patient decision making about CVD risk management, including the role of risk perception. Methods: Qualitative descriptive study involving semi-structured interviews with 25 GPs and 38 patients in Australia in 2011-2012. Transcribed audio-recordings were thematically coded and a Framework Analysis method was used. Results: GPs rarely mentioned AR thresholds …

The Role Of Occupational Therapy In The Prevention Of Infant Torticollis & Plagiocephaly, Anne H. Zachry

Faculty Presentations

AOTA includes health promotion as an Intervention approach in the Occupational Therapy Practice Framework: Domain and Process. As health care professionals, occupational therapy practitioners are responsible for promoting public health and wellness. Occupational therapists need to educate parents and caregivers about the importance of varying infant positions, providing tummy time, and limiting infant time spent in baby gear.

Prevention Of Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia: An Integrative Review, Taylor M. Craig, Jessica L. Lingaas, Rebekkah C. Reisner, Mary C. Smith

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Background: Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) not only brings about physical challenges to patients that can lead to death, it also involves financial burdens. Research on how to prevent HAP is a necessity; however, a deficit exists in research concerning prevention of non-ventilator hospital-acquired pneumonia (NV-HAP). The purpose of this study is to synthesize the current research on the nurse’s role in prevention of NV-HAP, identify where additional research is needed, and suggest clinical standards of care to prevent pneumonia in hospitalized patients.

Methods: Data for this integrative review was collected from the following databases: PubMed, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied …

Pubh 3130 - Substance Use And Abuse, Jamie S. Cromley

Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health Syllabi

This course will explore legal and illegal drug use in modern society. Issues related to the social, cultural, political, economic impact of drug use will be addressed. The recurrent theme throughout the course will be on prevention. This will include discussions on the best ways to postpone the initiation of substance use and abuse among school aged persons as well as the cessation of use and treatment for abuse among adult populations. Substance use and its abuse effects ALL of us and does NOT discriminate on the basis of age, gender, religious affiliation, sexual orientation, race, ethnicity or income.

Shoulder Pain And Dysfunction In Young Surf Lifesavers, Josh Carter, Nick Marshall, Allan Abbott

Allan D. Abbott

Objectives: To determine the incidence and prevalence of significantly interrupting shoulder pain (SIP) in young surf lifesavers and to determine association with training dosage and the ‘combined elevation test’. Participants: 54 surf lifesavers aged 10e18 from the Gold Coast, Australia. Methods and outcome measures: Retrospective survey of SIP and training dosage. Cross-sectional measures of the combined elevation test. Design: Retrospective. Results: 56.5% of female surf lifesavers reported a history of SIP compared to males with 48.5%. Females had a higher combined elevation score compared to males, 28.32 ± SD 8.52 cm and 26.09 ± SD 6.64 cm, respectively. Young surf …

The Youth Health Summit, North Carolina: A University-Community Partnership To Promote Health Among Rural Youth, Janie Canty-Mitchell Ph.D., R.N., Musarrat Nahid M.Sc.

National Youth Advocacy and Resilience Conference

Learn how to build partnership with educators, researchers, and practitioners in order to develop educational programs, such as, the Youth Health Summit- a university initiated program undertaken in collaboration with schools and healthcare organizations to promote mental and physical health and create awareness about HIV/AIDS, substance abuse, teen pregnancy, and other hazards among rural middle school students in North Carolina.

Reflections And Projections: Prevention, Policy And Health, Drew Harris Dpm, Mph

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Are There Gender Differences In Perceived Sexual Self-Efficacy Among African-American Adolescents?, Michelle L. Redmond, Rhonda K. Lewis

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Background: African American adolescents accounted for more than half of all HIV/AIDS cases in 2009. Behavioral Strategies are needed to help lessen the incidence of HIV/AIDS among this population.

Purpose: The aim of his study was to examine sexual self-efficacy practices and beliefs among African American adolescents. We also examined gender differences between African American adolescents to better understand their perceptions of sexual self-efficacy, condom use intention, and other safer sex practices and beliefs.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 214 African American adolescents using survey instruments to examine their beliefs, perception and intentions on the use of condoms, …