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1994

Mental and Social Health

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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences

Defining Success: The Politics Of Evaluation In Alcohol And Drug Abuse Treatment Programs, James L. Wolk, David J. Hartmann, William P. Sullivan Dec 1994

Defining Success: The Politics Of Evaluation In Alcohol And Drug Abuse Treatment Programs, James L. Wolk, David J. Hartmann, William P. Sullivan

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Alcohol and drug abuse treatment programs must respond to several important stakeholders or beneficiaries of services who have an investment in how success is defined. Utilizing data from recent statewide studies of treatment outcomes of alcohol and drug abuse services, this paper concludes that a strict adherence to an abstinence-only model of success, rigidly adopted by many in the treatment industry is counterproductive. Multiple measures of success are essential to fully understand and assess a changing model of intervention in the chemical dependency field.

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Correlates And Consequences Of Early Initiation Of Sexual Intercourse, Ann L. Coker, Donna L. Richter, Robert F. Valois, Robert E. Mckeown, Carol Z. Garrison, Murray L. Vincent Nov 1994

Correlates And Consequences Of Early Initiation Of Sexual Intercourse, Ann L. Coker, Donna L. Richter, Robert F. Valois, Robert E. Mckeown, Carol Z. Garrison, Murray L. Vincent

CRVAW Faculty Journal Articles

This cross-sectional analysis of the 1991 CDC Youth Risk Behavior Survey explored factors associated with an early age at first sexual intercourse. Almost 18% of White males, 49% of Black males, 5% of White females and 12% of Black females were sexually active before age 13. Carrying a weapon to school, fighting, and early (< age 13) experimentation with cigarettes and alcohol were associated with early initiation of sexual activity for all four race and gender groupings. Those initiating sexual activity early had greater numbers of partners but were 50% less likely to use condoms regularly and were two-seven times more likely to have been pregnant or caused a pregnancy. Females who initiated sexual activity early were more likely to have had a sexually transmitted disease (STD). Interventions to postpone sexual activity need to be tailored to the ethnic and gender differences observed in these analyses. Interventions must begin before age 13 and should be comprehensive school-based efforts.

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An Assessment Of Associations Between Selected Health Practices And Mental Wellness, Ginger Bomar Nov 1994

An Assessment Of Associations Between Selected Health Practices And Mental Wellness, Ginger Bomar

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between mental well-being and selected health behaviors. A cross-sectional study was performed on a sample of 490 students at Western Kentucky University during the 1993 Spring, Summer, and Fall semesters. Study participants completed the Participant Data Sheet, General Weil-Being Schedule, and the Health Behavior Instrument. The data were gathered and analyzed via correlation analysis which revealed a relationship between mental well-being and certain health behaviors. The correlations between general well-being and selected health behaviors were stronger among males than females. There was a relationship found between mental well-being and hours …

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Secondhand Smoke As An Issue In Child Custody/Visitation Disputes, Jeffrey L. Hall Sep 1994

Secondhand Smoke As An Issue In Child Custody/Visitation Disputes, Jeffrey L. Hall

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Immediate Emotional Responses To The Southern California Firestorms, E. Alison Holman, Roxane Cohen Silver Aug 1994

Immediate Emotional Responses To The Southern California Firestorms, E. Alison Holman, Roxane Cohen Silver

FMHI Publications

No abstract provided.

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External Locus Of Control And Negative Life Experiences In Persons With Chronic Fatigue And Immune Dysfunction Syndrome, Pamela Thomas Priebe Aug 1994

External Locus Of Control And Negative Life Experiences In Persons With Chronic Fatigue And Immune Dysfunction Syndrome, Pamela Thomas Priebe

Student Dissertations & Theses

A review of related literature indicated a person's perception of negative life experiences may be unusually high prior to the onset of an illness. An external locus of control belief system may also be present prior to the onset of an illness. The present study used the Life Experiences Survey measure to compare the perception of life experiences of a group of people with CFIDS and a group of people without CFIDS. The present study also used the Locus of Control Scale to measure the locus of control belief system for the same two groups of people. The results of …

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Posttraumatic Stress Disorder In Sexually Abused Children And Implications For Therapy, Robbie Jones Aug 1994

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder In Sexually Abused Children And Implications For Therapy, Robbie Jones

Student Dissertations & Theses

This study examined the symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in sexually abused children. Sixty-seven children volunteered to participate in this study. Of the 67 children, 33 (26 female and 7 male) were sexually abused and 34 (22 female and 12 male) were non-sexually abused. Several instruments were employed to assess the severity of the symptoms of PTSD including the Children's PTSD Inventory, the Child Behavior Checklist, and the Children's Depression Inventory, as well as others. The results of this study showed that sexually abused children have more symptoms of PTSD than non-sexually abused children. Early diagnosis and treatment of …

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Comprehensive Watershed Management: Proceedings Of The Eighteenth Annual Conference Of The Association Of State Floodplain Managers, May 8-13, 1994, Association Of State Floodplain Managers May 1994

Comprehensive Watershed Management: Proceedings Of The Eighteenth Annual Conference Of The Association Of State Floodplain Managers, May 8-13, 1994, Association Of State Floodplain Managers

FMHI Publications

No abstract provided.

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The Utilization Of Amateur Radio In Disaster Communications, Lynn Edwards May 1994

The Utilization Of Amateur Radio In Disaster Communications, Lynn Edwards

FMHI Publications

No abstract provided.

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Psychosocial Variables As Prospective Predictors Of Violent Events Among Adolescents, Alan W. Stacy, Steve Sussman, Clyde W. Dent, Dee Burton, Brian R. Flay May 1994

Psychosocial Variables As Prospective Predictors Of Violent Events Among Adolescents, Alan W. Stacy, Steve Sussman, Clyde W. Dent, Dee Burton, Brian R. Flay

CGU Faculty Publications and Research

Violent events are main causes of mortality among children and include intentional (e.g., homicide) and unintentional (e.g., accidents) circumstances. This study investigated the prediction of the self-reported occurrence of 14 violent events among eighth-grade youth from psychosocial variables measured in these same youth in seventh grade. Psychosocial variables ineluded tobacco and alcohol use, demographic variables, interpersonal variables such as family conflict, and intrapersonal variables such as risk taking. An iterative procedure, involving selection of a set of predictors and a test of the correlation of the set of predictors to the set of events, provided support for an extension of …

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Social Work, Social Science And The Disease Concept: New Directions For Addiction Treatment, Douglas Frans May 1994

Social Work, Social Science And The Disease Concept: New Directions For Addiction Treatment, Douglas Frans

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The perception of alcoholism and other substance abuse disorders as disease entities is a view ardently defended not only among chemical dependency professionals but, increasingly, by the general public as well. Over the past two decades, this perspective has also become so ensconced within the addiction treatment industry that alternative interventions are almost nonexistent even though evidence of their effectiveness is available (Miller & Hester, 1989). And yet, "no leading research authorities accept the classic disease concept" (Fingarette, 1988, p. 3). Competing views are generally characterized as irresponsible, and their sponsors summarily dismissed as dangerously uninformed by disease view proponents …

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Client-Driven Advocacy And Psychiatric Disability: A Model For Social Work Practice, David P. Moxley, Paul P. Freddolino May 1994

Client-Driven Advocacy And Psychiatric Disability: A Model For Social Work Practice, David P. Moxley, Paul P. Freddolino

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This paper presents an innovative advocacy model designed to assist people coping with psychiatric disabilities to fulfill their basic living needs. The model emphasizes the importance of clients defining their own needs for advocacy and then, with the support and assistance of an advocate, taking direct action to fulfill these needs. The model is elaborated in terms of its basic attributes, the interlocking roles of both clients and advocates, the importance of the advocacy relationship, and seven core processes of advocacy. The authors conclude with a discussion of possible effects of introducing the model into social work practice in mental …

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Identification And Conceptualization Of Sexual Abuse Resiliency Factors: A Review Of The Literature, Heidi J. Moss May 1994

Identification And Conceptualization Of Sexual Abuse Resiliency Factors: A Review Of The Literature, Heidi J. Moss

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

Resiliency, while historically grounded and defined, lacks important conceptual clarity when considering the area of sexual abuse resiliency. Considerable theoretical effort has been dedicated to this phenomena in certain specific areas of human development (e.g., children) with empirical endeavors to validate it's relevance. To date there seems to be consensus with the notion that three specific variables are correlated with resiliency outcomes, namely, biological, psychological and social influences. It is posited that these three primary variables and their substantive variables independently, as well as interactively, buffer the effects of abuse one may experience during the course of a life time. …

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Mental Disorders In Primary Care Services: An Update, Junius Gonzales, Kathryn M. Magruder, Samuel J. Keith Mar 1994

Mental Disorders In Primary Care Services: An Update, Junius Gonzales, Kathryn M. Magruder, Samuel J. Keith

Publications from Provost Junius J. Gonzales

Frank mental disorders, such as depression and panic disorder, are prevalent in primary care; they cause people substantial suffering and interfere with daily functioning. Even subthreshold or "subsyndromal" conditions, with fewer symptoms than necessary for making a diagnosis, cause substantial morbidity. Recent literature on mental disorders in primary care, where many, if not most, people with mental health problems are seen, is reviewed with focus on recognition and diagnosis issues, management of these problems in primary care, obstacles to accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment, and prevention issues. In addition to a review of recent research, there is an effort to …

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Young Children In Family Therapy: A Look At Frequency Of Inclusion, Therapist Training, And Therapy Content, Diane H. Mehbod-Wenzel Jan 1994

Young Children In Family Therapy: A Look At Frequency Of Inclusion, Therapist Training, And Therapy Content, Diane H. Mehbod-Wenzel

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

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An Unusual Reaction To Opioid Blockade With Naltrexone In A Case Of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Paloma Ibarra, Stephen P. Bruehl, James A. Mccubbin, Charles R. Carlson, John F. Wilson, Jane A. Norton, Thomas B. Montgomery Jan 1994

An Unusual Reaction To Opioid Blockade With Naltrexone In A Case Of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Paloma Ibarra, Stephen P. Bruehl, James A. Mccubbin, Charles R. Carlson, John F. Wilson, Jane A. Norton, Thomas B. Montgomery

CRVAW Faculty Journal Articles

An unusual behavioral and cardiovascular reaction was observed during opioid blockade with naltrexone in a 32-year-old male who met DSM III-R criteria for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). As part of an ongoing placebo-controlled investigation of the effects of naltrexone on laboratory and ambulatory blood pressure reactivity, this participant reported experiencing feelings of rage, explosive behavior, and other unpleasant symptoms. When compared to all other subjects (N=24), this individual showed significantly greater effects of naltrexone on blood pressure reactivity during the laboratory stressor. His ambulatory blood pressures, when compared to placebo, were significantly increased during the 24-hr period following …

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Community-Based Aids Prevention And Care In Africa: Case Studies From Five African Countries, Ann Leonard Jan 1994

Community-Based Aids Prevention And Care In Africa: Case Studies From Five African Countries, Ann Leonard

HIV and AIDS

The Population Council carried out a three-year project entitled “Community-Based AIDS Prevention and Care in Africa: Building on Local Initiatives.” Given the constraints faced by the health care infrastructure in responding to the AIDS crisis and the limitations of traditional educational approaches in motivating people to modify their sexual behavior, in the African context community-based AIDS prevention and care of those affected are the first line of defense against the infection. This project was developed to explore efforts by organizations in Africa dealing directly with the consequences of AIDS, to understand the essential components of effective community-based efforts for AIDS …

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Field Report: Investigation Of September 2, 1992 Nicaragua Tsunami, Jane Preuss Jan 1994

Field Report: Investigation Of September 2, 1992 Nicaragua Tsunami, Jane Preuss

FMHI Publications

No abstract provided.

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[Introduction To] Mental Health Among Elderly Native Americans, James L. Narduzzi Jan 1994

[Introduction To] Mental Health Among Elderly Native Americans, James L. Narduzzi

Bookshelf

Providing mental health services to the elderly generally and particularly to elderly Native Americans has been an issue of some concern for the last several decades. Despite this rise in concern for the mental health of elderly Americans, however, the fact remains that public decisions are made based on inadequate data. As Birren and Renner state: "A major problem has been that our knowledge of the mental health problems and the frequency of psychiatric disturbances in the elderly has a weak information base." When on turns to minority elderly in general and elderly Native Americans in particular, the data base …

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The Influence Of Parental Alcohol Abuse On Later Adult Functioning, Jeanne Randle Hogan Jan 1994

The Influence Of Parental Alcohol Abuse On Later Adult Functioning, Jeanne Randle Hogan

Theses Digitization Project

No abstract provided.

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An Evaluation Of Pre-Intake Attention On Kept Intake Appointments In An Outpatient Setting, Lauren Roberts Jan 1994

An Evaluation Of Pre-Intake Attention On Kept Intake Appointments In An Outpatient Setting, Lauren Roberts

Masters Theses

The present study attempted to reduce the no-show rate for scheduled intake appointments at a local CMHC through the use of two interventions. Thirty-seven subjects who called for an intake appointment were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups: an Orientation and Standard Intake Procedure or an Orientation and Modified Intake Procedure. Both treatment groups were compared to a Base Group consisting of intake appointments scheduled during the same time period the previous year. Individuals assigned to OMIP revealed a reduction in the no-show rate from 51% during baseline to 36%. Individuals assigned to OSIP did not reveal similar …

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A Qualitative Research Study On Aging Latino Substance Abusers, Socorro Maria Ruvalcaba, Lupe Ayon Perez Jan 1994

A Qualitative Research Study On Aging Latino Substance Abusers, Socorro Maria Ruvalcaba, Lupe Ayon Perez

Theses Digitization Project

No abstract provided.

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The Assessment And Recognition Of Childhood Abuse Among Former Patton State Hospital Patients By Psychiatric Social Workers, Bonnie A. Criner, Hope M. Young Jan 1994

The Assessment And Recognition Of Childhood Abuse Among Former Patton State Hospital Patients By Psychiatric Social Workers, Bonnie A. Criner, Hope M. Young

Theses Digitization Project

No abstract provided.

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Stereotypical Sex-Roles: A Barrier To Success In Addiction Treatment?, Paul Walter Sharpe Jan 1994

Stereotypical Sex-Roles: A Barrier To Success In Addiction Treatment?, Paul Walter Sharpe

Theses Digitization Project

Hypothesis on success in addiction treatment programs as measured by BEM Sex-Role Inventory.

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Intervention Strategies Which Enable Families To Be Reunified And Foster A Successful Case Closure Within The County Of San Bernardino Department Of Public Social Services, Juliana Caryl Koenig Jan 1994

Intervention Strategies Which Enable Families To Be Reunified And Foster A Successful Case Closure Within The County Of San Bernardino Department Of Public Social Services, Juliana Caryl Koenig

Theses Digitization Project

Perinatal complications resulting from either alcohol or drug abuse include a high incidence of stillbirths, fetal distress, asphyxia, prematurity, low birth weight, pneumonia, congenital malformations, cerebral infarction, and an increased risk to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

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Pain Under The Influence: The Link Between Grief And Substance Abuse, Cecilia M. Poirier, Frances V. Ramirez Jan 1994

Pain Under The Influence: The Link Between Grief And Substance Abuse, Cecilia M. Poirier, Frances V. Ramirez

Theses Digitization Project

No abstract provided.

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Residential Loss And Displacement Among Survivors Of The 1993 Altadena Fire, Norma S. Gordon Jan 1994

Residential Loss And Displacement Among Survivors Of The 1993 Altadena Fire, Norma S. Gordon

FMHI Publications

No abstract provided.

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Children Of Iniki: Effects Of Evacuation And Intervention, Roger Saburo Hamada Jan 1994

Children Of Iniki: Effects Of Evacuation And Intervention, Roger Saburo Hamada

FMHI Publications

No abstract provided.

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An Interdisciplinary Quick Assessment Strategy To Support Decision-Making In Disaster Operations: The Costa Rica Earthquake, April 22, 1991, Louise K. Comfort Jan 1994

An Interdisciplinary Quick Assessment Strategy To Support Decision-Making In Disaster Operations: The Costa Rica Earthquake, April 22, 1991, Louise K. Comfort

FMHI Publications

No abstract provided.

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Hurricane Iniki: Psychological Functioning Following Disaster, David N. Sattler, Charles Kaiser Jan 1994

Hurricane Iniki: Psychological Functioning Following Disaster, David N. Sattler, Charles Kaiser

FMHI Publications

No abstract provided.

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