Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The Effect Of Step Frequency Training On A Male Runner With Patellofemoral Pain, Shelley Payne Dr., Katelyn Barrett, Joe Wilkins

Health and Sport Sciences Faculty Scholarship

Running is a very popular form of exercise. The most common site of injury for runners is the knee with patellofemoral pain being the most common complaint. Patellofemoral pain is described as pain around the patella that is worse with activities such as running, squatting, ascending or descending stairs, or sitting for long periods. Much of the recent work with the treatment of patellofemoral pain has involved strengthening of the hip musculature to reduce pain about the knee. However, the ability of these strengthening programs to change lower extremity mechanics or sustain long-term pain reduction has been unproven. More recently, …

The Career Readiness Of Intercollegiate Athletes: Is There A Gender Gap?, Megan Parietti, Leeann Lower, Kristy Mccray

Health and Sport Sciences Faculty Scholarship

Career development is one of the major objectives of universities. It is well-known that intercollegiate athletes have many time commitments that make it more challenging for them to focus on their career development. To compound this issue, the effectiveness of career development efforts may be impacted by the gender of the intercollegiate athlete. The purpose of this study was to examine the career readiness of student-athletes, focusing on differences based on gender. This was accomplished through the lenses of the social cognitive career theory and career decision self-efficacy. A total of 137 intercollegiate student-athletes at a large Midwestern university completed …

Nutrinews, Volume 13, January, 2016, Department Of Nutrition And Dietetics, University Of North Florida

NutriNews

This issue features Nursing, In the Clinic, and Nutrition News: 2016

The Lower-Extremity Functional Test And Lower-Quadrant Injury In Ncaa Division Iii Athletes: A Descriptive And Epidemiologic Report, Jason Brumitt

Faculty Publications - College of Physical Therapy

The Lower-Extremity Functional Test (LEFT) has been used to assess readiness to return to sport after a lowerextremity injury. Current recommendations suggest that women should complete the LEFT in 135 s (average; range 120-150 s) and men should complete the test in 100 s (average; range 90-125 s). However, these estimates are based on limited data and may not be reflective of college athletes. Thus, additional assessment, including normative data, of the LEFT in sport populations is warranted. Objective: To examine LEFT times based on descriptive information and off-season training habits in NCAA Division III (Dill) athletes. In addition, this …

Risk Factors Associated With Noncontact Time-Loss Lower-Quadrant Injury In Male Collegiate Soccer Players, Jason Brumitt, Amy Engilis, Amber Eubanks, Alma Mattocks, Jennifer Peet, Nathanael Bush

Faculty Publications - College of Physical Therapy

Introduction: The incidence of time-loss injury in male collegiate soccer players in the United States (US) is 6.4 per 1000 athletic exposures. With thousands of male athletes competing in soccer at the US collegiate level each year, there is the potential for numerous time-loss injuries that may ultimately impact team success. Thus, identifying risk factors for injury is warranted.

Purpose: The primary purpose of this study was to determine if preseason functional performance test (FPT) measures (the standing long jump [SLJ] and single-leg hop [SLH] for distance tests) were associated with an increased risk of a noncontact time-loss lower-quadrant (LQ) …

Functional Performance Deficits Exist In Female Naia Collegiate Athletes With History Of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction, Jason Brumitt, Amy Engilis

Faculty Publications - College of Physical Therapy

This study compared preseason measures of standing long jump (SLJ) and single-leg hop (SLH) distances between female collegiate athletes with or without history of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). The data from 45 female collegiate athletes (mean age: 20.6 +- 2.2 years) competing at the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletes (NAIA) level in three team sports (volleyball, soccer, and basketball) were collected as a subanalysis of measures for a prospective cohort study. There were no differences in SLJ or SLH distances between athletes with or without prior history of low back and/or lower extremity sports injuries. However, female athletes with …

A Century Of Morphological Variation In Cyprinidae Fishes, Stephen J. Jacquemin, Mark Pyron

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Background

Aquatic habitats have been altered over the past century due to a variety of anthropogenic influences. Ecomorphology is an area of aquatic ecology that can both directly and indirectly assess the effects of habitat alterations on organisms. However, few studies have explored long term trends in morphological variation. Long term changes in morphology can potentially impact niche and ultimately contribute to organismal success and the ecosystem. Therefore, in this study we assessed long term morphological variation with body size, sex, time, and hydrology using museum collections of five species of Cyprinidae (Minnows) from lentic and lotic systems over the …

Current And Desired Practice Patterns Of Trauma And Acute Care Surgeons (T/Acs), Nathan M. Droz, Melissa L. Whitmill, Priti Parikh, Kimberly M. Hendershot

Department of Surgery Faculty Publications

Resident hour restrictions and the addition of emergency general surgery (EGS) have changed how the T/ACS team functions and their work patterns. The purpose of our study is to report current practice patterns of T/ACS and compare those to desired practice patterns of the future workforce in the field (residents/fellows).

Predictors Of Increasing Injury Severity Across Suspected Recurrent Episodes Of Non-Accidental Trauma, Jonathan D. Thackeray, Peter Minneci, Jennifer N. Cooper, Jonathan I. Groner, Katherine Deans

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Background

Little is known about how the severity of injury changes with recurrent events of suspected non-accidental trauma (NAT). Our objective was to determine risk factors for escalating severity of injury in children with multiple events of suspected NAT.

Methods

This retrospective longitudinal cohort study included children from a pediatric Medicaid accountable care organization with ≥ 1 non-birth related episode containing an International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification or Current Procedural Terminology code for NAT or a skeletal survey between 2007 and 2011. Subsequent potential NAT events were defined as independent episodes with codes for either NAT, a …

Preoperative Incidence Of Penile Abnormalities Found During Voluntary Male Medical Circumcision In Swaziland, Anthony R. Oddo, Elizabeth Ruedrich, Christopher Zust, Lindsey Marugg, Echo Vanderwal, Rebekah Sartori, Mary C. Mccarthy

Department of Surgery Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Incorporating Pharmacodynamic Considerations Into Caffeine Therapeutic Drug Monitoring In Preterm Neonates, Tian Yu, Alfred H. Balch, Robert Ward, E. Kent Korgenski, Catherine M.T. Sherwin

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Background

This study sought to assess the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic relationships of caffeine citrate therapy in preterm neonates who had therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) in the post-extubation period.

Methods

A retrospective observational study was conducted in preterm neonates who received caffeine citrate therapy for apnea of prematurity and had TDM done in the post-extubation period between January 2006 and October 2011. The relationships between pharmacodynamic effects (heart rate, respiratory rate, episodes of apnea, adverse events) and caffeine serum concentrations were explored.

Results

A total of 177 blood samples were obtained from 115 preterm neonates with a median (range) gestational age …

Amikacin Pharmacokinetics In Pediatric Patients With Burn Injuries Compared To Those With Oncology Conditions, Xiaoxi Liu, Anne Smits, Tian Yu, Stephanie Wead, Alice Neely, Richard J. Kagan, Daniel P. Healy, Karel Allegaert, Catherine M.T. Sherwin

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Physiologic changes due to disease status can lead to highly variable pharmacokinetics (PK) of amikacin in children. Therefore, considerations should be given when determining optimal amikacin does for patients with a specific diseases. Improved understanding of factors influencing PD can allow for the optimizing of dosage regimens to reduce adverse effects.

The aim of the study was to undertake a comparative pharmacometic analysis of amikacin use in pediatric patients with burn injuries verses those with oncology conditions.

Developing A Global Health Assessment Collaboration: Ancillary Report, Daniel Edwards, Jacob Pearce, David Wilkinson

Higher education research

This document reports on a project designed to develop an assessment collaboration between medical schools in both Australia and the United Kingdom. The project was funded by the Office for Learning and Teaching (OLT), utilising surplus funding from a broader assessment collaboration project – the Australian Medical Assessment Collaboration (OLT ID12-2482). The Global Health Assessment Collaboration (GHAC) involved five universities in Australia and the United Kingdom (UK). It developed an assessment framework and item specifications, undertook assessment item drafting workshops, built in a process of review and resulted in the development of a focused suite of assessment items. This report …

Or Rn Onboarding. A Quality Improvement Project, Victoria Burkhart, Eroica Hunter

Interprofessional Research and Innovations Council

OR RN Onboarding. A Quality Improvement Project.

Victoria Burkhart, BSN, RN

Eroica Hunter, BSN, RN, CNOR

Background: National Data¹ shows that about 18% (1 in 5) new RNs leave their 1^st job within 1 year; 1 in 3 leave within 2 years. National Data² also shows that OR nursing turnover was in 2014 17.2% and in 2015 this had increased to 19.2%. At MMC OR turnover compares to national data, but has been slightly lower over the past years (e.g. 2014 - 10.9%; 2015 - 10.8% and 2016 - 9.5%). However, today in MMC OR, 28 …

Deep Tissue Pressure Injury (Dtpi): Predictors And Risk Factors During Hospitalization. A Literature Review, Tricia Foley

Interprofessional Research and Innovations Council

Deep Tissue Pressure Injury (DTPI): Predictors and Risk Factors During Hospitalization. A Literature Review

Tricia Foley, RN, BSN, CWOCN, MMC

Background: Deep tissue pressure injuries (DTPI) at Maine Medical Center (MMC) have increased from 2014 to 2016. DTPI initially appear as purple or maroon discoloration and either resolve or evolve into a deeper wound. When a DTPI evolves into an eschar, this is called an unstageable pressure injury by the National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel. Patients with an unstageable, stage 3 or 4 pressure injury are reported to the State of Maine according to Maine Law. This is considered a …

The Health Benefits Of Tai Chi, Samantha Gozo

Current Issues in Health

The purpose of this study is to analyze the health benefits tai chi has to offer. The majority of the literature in this study mainly focuses on the health benefits for the elderly, which include improvement in balance and prevention of falls, rehabilitation from strokes, postural stability for patients with Parkinson’s disease, osteoarthritis, type 2 diabetes, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. This study also highlights the brief history of tai chi, as well as interviews from tai chi students and an instructor about their views and experiences with tai chi.

Sub-Saharan Africa’S “Other Diseases”: A Comparison Of The Global Response To Neglected Tropical Diseases And Hiv/Aids In Ghana, Rebecca Brosch

Political Science: Student Scholarship & Creative Works

Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) refer to a group of diseases that affect 1.4 billion people worldwide, most commonly in low and low-middle income nations. These conditions can cause disabling and disfiguring effects that keep those inflicted from escaping poverty, leading to increased economic losses in already impoverished areas in Ghana and the rest of Sub-Saharan Africa. Although NTDs affect significantly more of the Ghanaian population, more government resources are given to HIV/AIDS (which only affects an estimated 1.5% of citizens). This research identifies the current response to NTDs (including government policy and NGO support) as well as how more global …

The Effects Of Allergies And Anaphylaxis On The Body And Mind: A Survey Of Opinions And Knowledge On These Disorders, Kathryn E. O'Brien

Honors Program: Student Scholarship & Creative Works

Despite common knowledge, allergies and anaphylaxis are considered disabilities. As such, these disorders affect the daily lives of those who have them, including one's mental health. In this paper, all the nuances of allergies and anaphylaxis will be discussed as the etiology and scientific aspects of allergies, anaphylaxis, and hypersensitivity are distinguished from one another. Furthermore, the findings are reported from two surveys; an assessment of how well educated and prepared teachers are for students with allergies and whether other students with food allergies have had similar experiences to the author's and those described in research by other studies concerning …

Breaking Down Barriers: The Intersection Of Medicine And Faith, Kaitlyn Lindgren, Ashley Kethcart

Honors Program: Student Scholarship & Creative Works

While medicine and faith are often presented as contradictory concepts, the two play complementary roles in people's health. Christian prayer and Buddhist meditation practices have an impact on health, as well as alternative forms of medicine. These influences can work in tandem to increase the mental and physical health of all people and also demonstrate that science and faith need not always be in opposition.

Transdisciplinary Health Teams In Brazil's United Health System, Rahbel Rahman

Social Work Faculty Scholarship

Integration of social services (i.e., civil registration, community mobilization) with disease prevention services (for e.g. HIV prevention services) has been recommended as a key strategy by practitioners, policy makers and researchers to solve the multifactorial determinants of chronic diseases faced by minority groups.

Drawing Comparisons Across Community Health Agents (Acs), Nurses And Physicians In Brazil’S Unified Health System (Uhs), Rahbel Rahman

Social Work Faculty Scholarship

Recent WHO guidelines emphasize on empowering communities to take ownership of their healthcare needs. Brazil’s UHS is a model for delivering community-based care through Family Health Strategy (FHS) interdisciplinary teams - ACS, nurses, and physicians. Our study compares nurses, physicians and ACS on their perceptions of work environment, professional skills, cognitive capacities and job context. Global health administrators and policy makers can leverage on comparisons across providers to develop interprofessional training and implement system-level interventions.

The Emergence Of The Dose–Response Concept In Biology And Medicine, Edward J. Calabrese

Environmental Health Sciences Faculty Publication Series

A historical assessment of the origin of the dose–response in modern toxicology and its integration as a central concept in biology and medicine is presented. This article provides an overview of how the threshold, linear and biphasic (i.e., hormetic) dose–response models emerged in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and competed for acceptance and dominance. Particular attention is directed to the hormetic model for which a general description and evaluation is provided, including its historical basis, and how it was marginalized by the medical and pharmacology communities in the early decades of the 20th century.

Direct-Breastfeeding In The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit And Breastfeeding Duration For Premature Infants, Carrie-Ellen Briere, Jacqueline M. Mcgrath, Xiaomei Cong, Elizabeth Brownell, Regina Cusson

Elaine Marieb College of Nursing Faculty Publication Series

Aim

To explore the relationship between direct-breastfeeding in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and breastfeeding duration after discharge.

Background

Initiating and maintaining breastmilk feeding is an important goal that begins in the NICU. Little is known about direct-breastfeeding in the NICU and its relation to breastfeeding duration.

Methods

Chart review of 46 infants (< 32 weeks gestational age or < 1500 grams) whose mothers provided breastmilk.

Results

One month after discharge, mothers still providing breastmilk were more likely to have provided ≥ 1 direct-breastfeed per day in the NICU (21.16, CI: 3.13–143.25, p < 0.01) and had prior breastfeeding experience (OR: 9.16, CI: 1.02–82.34, p < 0.05). At 4 months, mothers still providing breastmilk were more likely to have provided ≥ 1 direct-breastfeed per day in the NICU (OR: 12.80, CI: 1.39–118.32, p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Direct-breastfeeding in the NICU may play an essential role in preparing mothers for breastfeeding after …

Interventions For The Reduction Of Dental Anxiety And Corresponding Behavioral Deficits In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Jessica L. Elmore, Ann M. Bruhn, Jonna L. Bobzien

Dental Hygiene Faculty Publications

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) can greatly inhibit a child's communication and social interaction skills, impacting their comfort during dental hygiene treatment and services. Children with ASD may exhibit sensory sensitivities, fear of the unfamiliar and lack of socio-cognitive understanding, leading to anxiety and corresponding behavioral deficits. Since the prevalence rates for ASD have risen significantly in the past decade, increased emphasis has been placed on educational and behavior guidance techniques, which can be helpful for children with ASD because of their increased capabilities in visual-processing. The purpose of this literature review is to summarize the interventions available to reduce dental …

Driving In Early-Stage Alzheimer’S Disease: An Integrative Review Of The Literature, Rebecca L. Davis, Jennifer M. Ohman

Peer Reviewed Articles

One of the most difficult decisions for individuals with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is when to stop driving. Because driving is a fundamental activity linked to socialization, independent functioning, and wellbeing, making the decision to stop driving is not easy. Cognitive decline in older adults can lead to getting lost while driving, difficulty detecting and avoiding hazards, as well as increased errors while driving due to compromised judgment and difficulty in making decisions. The purpose of the current literature review was to synthesize evidence regarding how individuals with early-stage AD, their families, and providers make determinations about driving safety, interventions to …

Prenatal Nicotine Exposure As A Teratogen In Neurological Pathways, Monica Grover

Auctus: The Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Scholarship

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most heritable and commonly diagnosed childhood psychiatric disorder with 4% of all children being diagnosed with this disorder. Prenatal smoking has been found to be a risk factor for ADHD, a disorder that has been believed to be linked to the fluctuation of dopamine levels. Prenatal nicotine exposure in the second trimester influences dopaminergic neurological pathways by altering dopamine release levels. The altered dopamine levels make the fetus brain more sensitive to the nicotine, causing the nicotine exposure to be more dangerous in causing ADHD symptoms. Prenatal nicotine exposure alters the neurological pathway of the …

Monitoring And Evaluating Fgm/C Abandonment Programs, Jacinta Muteshi-Strachan, Carolyne Njue

Reproductive Health

No abstract provided.

The Africa Regional Sgbv Network Learning Brief Series: Learning Updates From Swaziland (Brief #3), Population Council

Reproductive Health

Nearly half of girls aged 13–24 in Swaziland suffer some form of sexual violence, according to the country’s 2007 Violence Against Children (VAC) survey. About 10 percent of girls reported experiencing sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) in school in particular. The Swaziland Action Group Against Abuse (SWAGAA) is recognized as Swaziland’s leading SGBV prevention, response, and advocacy organization. This Learning Brief describes how SWAGAA is tackling SGBV in schools in three different ways: 1) helping girls take more control of their school experience through a new self-efficacy module in the Girls’ Empowerment Clubs; 2) encouraging girls, and giving them the …

The Africa Regional Sgbv Network Learning Brief Series: Learning Updates From Uganda (Brief #6), Population Council

Reproductive Health

Sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) in humanitarian contexts is recognized by the UN Refugee Agency as a global concern and as a priority in its programming. Crisis-affected populations often face multiple forms of SGBV at multiple time periods (during conflict, during flight from conflict, and within post-conflict settings). The Africa Regional SGBV Network, set up in 2006, is addressing SGBV in humanitarian contexts in East and Southern Africa. This Learning Brief is one in a series of two that share critical findings on effective responses to the issue in Uganda. This brief notes that relatively higher screening, disclosure, referral, and …

Introducing Contraceptive Methods In Low-Resource Settings: New Opportunities In Nigeria, Population Council

Reproductive Health

This factsheet outlines the Delivering Contraceptive Vaginal Rings project, awarded by USAID to the Population Council in October 2013 to foster the introduction of two contraceptive methods. The objectives of this project are to: 1) improve availability and affordability of a three-month Progesterone Vaginal Ring for postpartum breastfeeding women, and 2) facilitate regulatory approval and introduction of a one-year contraceptive vaginal ring containing Nestorone® and ethinyl estradiol—a long-acting method for non-breastfeeding women that is in the late stages of development. The factsheet identifies milestones achieved and new opportunities in Nigeria to implement activities in the year ahead.