Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Comparing The Efficacy Of Heart-Conserving Measures And Retransplantation For Chronic Rejection In The Pediatric Population, Lacey Zeiszler

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

Coronary allograft vasculopathy is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among pediatric heart transplant recipients and faces unsuccessful treatment for prevention and management. Post-transplant immunosuppressive therapy has been modified over the years to determine the most effective regimen for rejection. Tacrolimus has been the superior immunosuppressant used for rejection since the early 2000s. It has been shown to have substantial immunosuppressive effects, least number of adverse effects, and decreased comorbidities compared to other regimens. Despite these advantages, CAV is still prevalent. Heart retransplantation is currently the only curative treatment. We used Google Scholar, PubMed, ClinicalKey, ScienceDirect, Elsevier, Wiley Online …

Premenstrual Dysmorphic Disorder/Premenstrual Syndrome Luteal Phase Treatment, Shelby Gawarecki

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

• PMS/PMDD symptoms affect many women's emotional and physical wellbeing.

• SSRIs, progesterone, and sepranolone are luteal phase treatment options.

• Studies were all peer-reviewed, including randomized control trials or a meta-analysis.

• SSRIs are a consistent primary treatment for symptom alleviation especially cognitive symptoms. SSRIs are the current mainstay, recommended for luteal phase treatment of PMS/PMDD.

• SSRIs, including citalopram, sertraline, escitalopram, and fluoxetine, were examined to determine their efficacy in relieving mood-related symptoms such as irritability, anxiety, and depression during the luteal phase.

• Data on progesterone treatment in the luteal phase is inconclusive. • Allopregnanolone levels and …

Treatment Of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Tricyclic Antidepressants Vs. Diet Modification And Visceral Manipulation, Alexis Int Veldt

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

• Introduction: The purpose of this study analysis is to compare tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) to diet modification and visceral manipulation in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

• Research Methods: Three databases were searched including PubMed, Google Scholar and ClinicalKey, within a time frame of 20 years. Studies chosen for review were peer reviewed and focused on randomized control trials.

• Discussion:

– Diet modification appears to be the most beneficial with the least amount of side effects when compared to TCA use, however, more research needs to be done to evaluate how patients react to reintroduction of foods …

Efficacy Of Vitamin D Versus Biological Agents In The Management Of Rheumatoid Arthritis, Kayli Day

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease leading to joint destruction. There are several treatment options available to patients, including conventional disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDS) and biological agents, but their efficacies vary per patient and tote significant adverse effects and cost. There is, however, encouraging evidence to suggest the incorporation of vitamin D in treatment regimens may be a promising option for patients. A comprehensive literature review was conducted using PubMed and CINHAL databases, employing keywords and MeSH terms related to RA treatment options, with the goal to compare efficacy of biological agents and vitamin D in the …

Sebaceous Carcinoma: A Commitment To A Standard Of Care, Stephany Janice Sophia Dimoulas

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

Sebaceous carcinoma (SC) has its origin in the sebaceous glands of the dermis and may develop as a result of de novo mutations from benign sebaceous neoplasms or as a result of microsatellite instability and loss of mismatch repair gene expression secondary to Muir-Torre Syndrome (MTS). SCs may also arise from the Meibomian glands, the glands of Zeis, or the sebaceous glands of the caruncle if occurring periocularly. Although SCs may occur at any sebaceous gland-containing location, the most common areas of involvement include the periocular, head, and neck regions. Given its capacity for nodal and distal metastasis as well …

Blood Based Multi-Cancer Early Detection Tests In Lung Cancer Screening, Maren Dockter

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

Lung cancer is responsible for the most cancer-related deaths worldwide. While the implementation of low dose CT (LDCT) screening for high-risk individuals has been shown to improve outcomes and reduce mortality by 20%, there is still room for improvement in screening (de Koning et al, 2020). Multi-cancer early detection (MCED) tests aim to detect early-stage cancer with the goal of improving treatment outcomes. This technology combines plasma analysis for cell-free DNA and methylation patterns with artificial intelligence to detect malignancies and predict tumor origin sites. The purpose of this systemic literature review is to assess the rising potential of MCED …

Ssri/Snri Medication Vs. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy In The Treatment And Management Of Postpartum Anxiety, Kelsey Sederquest

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

The purpose of this literature review is to determine the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors/Selective Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI/SNRI) in women suffering from postpartum anxiety. Efficacy of non-pharmacological, pharmacological, and combination therapy compared within this review. Lastly, prophylactic treatment of anxiety was examined in women who were pregnant or who were newly postpartum without diagnosis of anxiety. In this review the database PubMed was utilized to conduct research that included many different keywords. The articles included were limited to within the last 30 years, and research was narrowed by limiting patient population to postpartum …

Mood Stabilizers Vs Stimulants For The Management Of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder And Comorbidity Bipolar Disorder, Karina Van Slyke

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

BD and ADHD share a lot of similar symptoms such as comorbidities, age of onset, chronic, enduring course of illness with interference of vocational, educational, and developmental milestones. There is immense challenge when it comes to differentiating these disorders due to significant overlap and variable courses of psychopathology in children. Providers need to be aware of the medications that are beneficial for each condition separately and which medications can benefit both conditions. Mood stabilizers are commonly used in bipolar disorder while stimulants are a common treatment for ADHD. A literature review was performed using search databases such as PubMed to …

Exercise Effect On Gestational Weight Gain And Diabetes In Women Of Elevated Bmi, Lauren Staton

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

The purpose of this literature review is to determine the effect of exercise on gestational weight gain and diagnosis of gestational diabetes. Maternal obesity is a risk factor that may increase the likelihood of adverse outcomes during pregnancy such as excessive weight gain, gestational diabetes, macrosomia, and cesarean delivery. As obesity has become a more prevalent diagnosis, the healthcare field is beginning to see its effects on an abundance of patient profiles, including pregnant women. In the primary care setting, providers are the source of information for patients as to what healthy weight gain during pregnancy looks like. By implementing …

Monoclonal Antibodies Vs. Symptomatic Treatment Of Hospitalized Patients With Covid-19, Rpbert White

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

The SARS-CoV-2 virus, or COVID-19, was the virus responsible for the worldwide pandemic declared in March, 2020. Individuals can experience a wide variety of symptoms ranging from fever, fatigue, cough, and, in more severe cases, hypoxia requiring invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). Until recently, symptomatic care was the protocol for patients infected with COVID- 19. The use of oxygen for mild hypoxia and antipyretics for fevers was considered the standard of care (SOC). The use of antiviral medications, such as monoclonal antibodies, has been proposed in the treatment of acute COVID-19 infection. The purpose of this literature review is to determine …

Efficacy Of Complimentary Manual Therapies For Labor Pain Management, Emily Yenter

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

Labor and delivery pain is commonly considered to be the most pain a woman will ever experience. Options for pain control during labor include pharmacological and nonpharmacological. The purpose of this systematic literature is to determine if complementary manual therapies such as massage therapy, acupressure, and reflexology are effective nonpharmacologic management tools for labor pain. The electronic databases PubMed and ClinicalKey were searched, and the ten studies chosen for this review were randomized controlled trials published within the past ten years. Current research provides significant data supporting these three complementary modalities as effective nonpharmacologic management tools to control labor pain. …

Statin Therapy Vs. Plant-Based Diet For Reduction Of Plaque Burden In Coronary Artery Disease, Molly Evelyn Zak

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

Coronary artery disease is one of the most common chronic health conditions to affect adults in the United States, with heart disease being the leading cause of death. Contributing factors include high prevalence of processed foods containing saturated fats, low fiber diets and poor overall nutrition, and physical inactivity. These practices increase risk of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) plaque buildup and calcification within arteries that supply the heart, leading to decreased blood flow and subsequent oxygen supply. Treatment for coronary artery disease has traditionally been dominated by HMG CoA-reductase inhibitors, or statins. These medications are more effective than the alternative …

Comparing Effectiveness Of Intrauterine Devices Versus Oral Contraceptives For Management Of Dysmenorrhea, Mackenzie Holland

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

The purpose of this research and systematic literature review is to determine if oral contraceptives or intrauterine devices are more effective in the treatment of dysmenorrhea pain. It is estimated that at least 50% of women worldwide live with dysmenorrhea and there is very little research determining what the best treatment options are for it. The main treatment recommended by health care providers for dysmenorrhea are non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen. However, this treatment option may not provide the relief that women with this condition need. This review used three main databases, including PubMed, Embase, and Clinical Key …

Efficacy Of Platelet Rich Plasma Injections To Combat Chronic Tendinopathies, Rachel Kisse

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

➢ Tendinopathy is a clinical syndrome marked by persistent localized pain and tendon thickening, stemming from repetitive overuse. It poses diagnostic and management challenges due to its chronic nature..

➢ This literature review was performed to inform clinicians about the properties, safety, and efficacy of PRP injections as an adjunctive therapy in chronic tendinopathies, specifically the epicondylar and Achilles tendons. A comprehensive review of 12 clinical trials, exploring the efficacy of PRP injections was performed. The primary focus of this review looked into the trends in efficacy, including pain reduction and activity improvement, using various functional assessment scales like the …

The Efficacy Of Glp-1 Agonists In Pediatrics With Type 2 Diabetes And Obesity, Cayla Mahrer

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

GLP-1 therapies show promise in managing type 2 diabetes and obesity in adolescents. This review explores the efficacy, safety, and variations in treatment outcomes. GLP-1 therapies (liraglutide, dulaglutide, exenatide) effectively reduce HbA1c levels. Weight reduction is a positive outcome crucial for type 2 diabetes and obesity management. Safety concerns and gastrointestinal effects emphasize the need for monitoring during GLP-1 therapy. Insights from studies on Lixisenatide offer valuable information for healthcare providers. There is consensus on general effectiveness, but debates on specific outcomes and long-term effects persist. Case-based investigations suggest potential variations in treatment responses, requiring further exploration. Bridging the gap …

The Efficacy Of Probiotic Use In Patients With Anxiety And Depression, Joanna Mcclelland

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

The gut-brain connection has become more widely researched for its impacts on anxiety and depression. This bodes the question that if the gut microbiome can be altered, would there be a decrease in symptoms of anxiety and depression as a result? One way to alter gut microbiome is to implement a prebiotic or probiotic. To determine if this is an effective treatment option for anxiety and depression, a literature review was conducted using primarily randomized clinical trials. PubMed was the primary database that was used for this research. Articles were sorted and chosen based upon applicability to the problem being …

Comparison Of Cryopreservation Of Ovarian Tissue Versus Cryopreservation Of Oocytes In Fertility Preservation, Madison Nitschke

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

This literature review aims to compare ovarian tissue cryopreservation (OTC) and oocyte cryopreservation (OC) as methods for fertility preservation. Electronic health science databases including PubMed, Clinical Key, ScienceDirect, and UpToDate were utilized. Seven articles met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed for this comprehensive review. This review indicates that both oocyte and ovarian tissue cryopreservation can effectively preserve fertility, however, ovarian tissue cryopreservation is deemed most effective for prepubertal girls at high risk of iatrogenic primary ovarian insufficiency (POI), or women who are unable to postpone gonadotoxic treatment. Ovarian tissue cryopreservation offers advantages that oocyte cryopreservation does not, such as …

Patient Outcomes With Tele-Emergency Medicine Services In Rural Areas, Andrea Rieder

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

The purpose of this literature review was to examine patient outcomes with the use of tele-emergency medicine. Teleemergency medicine serves as a tool to expand the healthcare team in rural facilities by connecting them with specialized providers, typically via video conference call, for assistance in surge or lowstaff situations, or for guidance in more complicated cases that rural providers might typically transfer to a larger hospital. A benefit of adopting a tele-emergency medicine service is that it can shorten time to care and reduce the need for transfers, thereby reducing associated costs. The question arises as to whether patient outcomes …

Minimally Invasive Therapies In The Treatment Of Arthropathy, Steven Bateman

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

This literature review explores the efficacy of minimally invasive therapies that precede and delay surgical intervention in adult patients experiencing functional limitations and pain in major joints. The effectiveness of physical therapy and injections such as corticosteroids, hyaluronic acid, platelet-rich plasma, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) was evaluated. A comprehensive search of PubMed utilizing MeSH terms yielded 114 relevant studies, which were screened based on inclusion criteria of human studies published within the past five years. Keywords included mesenchymal stem cells, stem cells, mesenchymal, arthroplasty, and joints. Producing few results, inclusion criteria were later expanded to include studies within the …

Treating Rheumatoid Arthritis: Immunosuppression Versus Stem Cell Therapy, Bailee Blickensderfer

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

This literature review will discuss the difference in efficacy and side effect profile between methotrexate monotherapy and mesenchymal stem cell therapy for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatoid arthritis is a debilitating inflammatory condition that effects a person’s mobility and can cause chronic, intense pain. Due to the side effect profile of methotrexate, mesenchymal stem cell therapy is being investigated as a treatment option. There were 11 scholarly articles evaluated for the purpose of this literature review. Data compiled from these studies supports the use of Mesenchymal stem cells as treatment for rheumatoid arthritis due to immunomodulatory effect on multiple …

Comparison Of Platelet-Rich Plasma Injections And Hyaluronic Acid Injections In The Treatment Of Knee Osteoarthritis, Isaac Knutson

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

Osteoarthritis is one of the most common diseases that people can suffer from in today’s society. This degenerative disease can affect any of the body’s joints, but is most common in the knees, hands and spine. This review studied the effects of two specific treatments for knee osteoarthritis: platelet-rich plasma injections and hyaluronic acid injections. Both of these treatments can be provided by a primary care provider that has the proper training as well as an orthopedic specialist. Platelet-rich plasma injections (PRP) are the patient’s own blood products reintroduced into the affected joint to stimulate healing. Hyaluronic acid (HA) occurs …

Probiotic Therapy For The Treatment And Prevention Of Bacterial Vaginosis, Chelsea Scheil

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common presenting complaint in healthcare, and patients often experience recurrences at a frustrating rate. The mainstay of current treatment is antibiotic therapy, either via oral or vaginal route. When recurrences occur, stronger antibiotics are often employed. This current method of treatment does not address an underlying component that impacts infection recurrence and rate of recurrence- the patient’s baseline vaginal microbiome and the healthy bacteria that support it. To investigate the use of probiotics in bacterial vaginosis treatment, a comprehensive literature review was completed using databases PubMed and Embase. The results of this literature review confirm …

Does Supplementation With Vitamin D And Calcium Reduce The Risk Of Developing Pre-Eclampsia Compared With Prophylactic Daily Aspirin Use?, Katja Berge

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

Pre-eclampsia is a hypertensive disorder that occurs during pregnancy. Onset is typically around the 20 week of gestation and serious complications may occur if it is not properly managed. Complications from pre-eclampsia include preterm delivery, disease progression to eclampsia, organ damage, placental abruption, and neonatal complications. Initial management involves the use of antihypertensive medications. Current guidelines recommend the initiation of 81 mg aspirin starting at 12 weeks gestation for women with increased risk factors. The goal of this literature review is to examine the effectiveness of calcium and vitamin D supplementation compared to daily prophylactic aspirin use for prevention of …

Viral Bronchiolitis: High Flow Nasal Cannula Versus Non-Invasive Ventilation Management’S Effect On Length Of Stay, Prevention Of Mechanical Ventilation, And Mortality, Justis Caldwell

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

• This research aimed to review the literature relating to pediatric patients hospitalized with viral bronchiolitis and determine if there is a difference between high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) and non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in preventing mechanical ventilation, decreasing the length of hospital stay, and decreasing morbidity and mortality.

• A literature review was performed using the electronic search database PubMed. Keyword and mesh terms were used to define a set of literature discussing the use of high-flow nasal cannula versus continuous positive airway pressure in the management of viral bronchitis in pediatric patients. The search revealed a total of 37 studies. …

Mobilized Healthcare: The Future Of Accessible Medicine, Zachary Carlson

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

This paper discusses the impact that Mobile Integrated Healthcare teams can have in our health system. It is well known that there are communities that benefit from MIH teams such as rural or underserved areas; however, this paper discusses a variety of other demographics that may benefit from implementation of MIH teams. It will also evaluate how MIH teams alter patient Emergency Department (ED) visits, hospital admissions, facility spending, and patient outcomes. MIH is a form of preventative medicine that may be better optimized by healthcare facilities going forward, and this article helps to weigh the pros versus cons of …

Exercise And Preventing Dementia In Older Adults, Valerie Snelling

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

Dementia is a devastating diagnosis for millions of individuals and the prevalence is projected to increase significantly in the next 30 years. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2019), there are over five million individuals aged 65 and over living in the United States with dementia. That number is estimated to increase to 14 million by 2060. The impact of the increasing prevalence of dementia is significant. Because dementia is a complex disease caused by over 50 underlying health conditions, finding effective treatments for the disease is difficult. This makes prevention of dementia extremely important. The purpose …

Effects Of Probiotic Supplementation On Pcos Outcomes, Allison Stoeffler

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a multifactorial metabolic, endocrinologic, and gynecologic condition affecting up to 5 million women in the United States. It is a disease characterized by oligo- or anovulation, hyperandrogenism, and/or polycystic ovaries. Phenotypic presentation can include irregular menstrual cycles, obesity, hirsutism, insulin resistance, or difficulty conceiving. If untreated, PCOS can result in a sequelae of chronic disease burden. Current standard of care consists of metformin for blood sugar control, oral contraceptives for menstrual regularity, and spironolactone for androgen imbalance, but newer research is identifying gut dysbiosis as a possible contributing etiology to disease development and symptomology. This …

Evaluating And Comparing The Safety And Efficacy Of Rimegepant Versus Lasmiditan In Aborting Acute Migraine Headaches In The Adult Migraineur, Anthony Douthit

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

Migraine headaches are one of the most common causes of primary headaches and one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. While the mechanism of migraines are not entirely understood, they can result in significant disability (DynaMed, 2023). Dihydroergotamine was introduced for migraine treatment in the 1920s and in the 1990s triptans were introduced and have been the mainstay of acute migraine treatment since their introduction (Solomon et al., 2008). In recent years, there have been several developments in the acute treatment and prophylaxis of migraine headaches. CGRP receptor antagonists and 5-HT1F receptor agonists have been researched, developed, and approved …

Safety And Efficacy Of Apixaban Vs Rivaroxaban: In Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation, Cody Dewitt

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

• Introduction: Nonvalvular atrial fibrillation, the most common cardiac arrhythmia in developed countries, warrants anticoagulation for stroke prevention. Updated guidelines recommend direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) over historically used warfarin. The purpose of this review is to compare clinical safety and efficacy outcomes between apixaban and rivaroxaban. • Research Questions: In patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation on a direct oral anticoagulant, is there a significant difference in safety and efficacy between apixaban and rivaroxaban? Does decreased kidney function change safety and efficacy? Does varying BMI such as low weight or obesity change safety and efficacy? • Methods: A retrospective literature review …

Liraglutide Versus Semaglutide: Long Term Weight Loss Management In Obese Individuals, Mckenzie Burke

Physician Assistant Scholarly Project Posters

Obesity has been a source of complications affecting multiple aspects from a physiological and psychological standpoint which has been steadily growing. There are a multitude of weight loss programs and medications with the idea of sustaining consistent weight loss to include use of the pharmaceuticals discussed within this review. The purpose of this literature review is to compare the efficacy and safety with use of liraglutide versus semaglutide (GLP-1 receptor agonists) in respect to long term weight loss management while in conjunction to lifestyle modifications within the obese population. Thorough research has been done with the aid of health science …