Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Grant Application: Randomized Comparison Of Two Internet-Supported Natural Family Planning Methods, Richard J. Fehring

Randomized Comparison of Two Internet-Supported Methods of Natural Family Planning

No abstract provided.

Comparison Of Abstinence And Coital Frequency Between Two Natural Methods Of Family Planning, Richard J. Fehring, Thomas Bouchard, Mary Schneider

Randomized Comparison of Two Internet-Supported Methods of Natural Family Planning

Problem Statement: The length of periodic abstinence, due to overestimation of the fertile phase of the menstrual cycle is often a reason for dissatisfaction, discontinuation, and user error with natural family planning (NFP) methods. The objective of this research was to compare the length of required abstinence (i.e., estimated fertility) and coital frequency between two NFP methods.

Study Design: Analysis of existing data from a 12 month prospective comparison study in which participants were randomized into either an electronic hormonal fertility monitor (EHFM) group or a cervical mucus monitoring (CMM) group, both of which included a fertility algorithm as …

A Pilot Study To Develop A Cognitive Intervention To Support Dementia Caregivers: A Focus Group Of Caregivers Caring For Persons With Dementia As Informants, Abir K. Bekhet, Karie R. Kobiske

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Psychometrics Of The Positive Thinking Skills Scale Among Dementia Caregivers, Abir K. Bekhet

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Melorheostosis And Central Giant Cell Granuloma Of The Mandible In A 15-Year-Old Girl, Kenneth M. Anderson, W. H. Shintaku, Molly S. Rosebush, Yeshwant B. Rawal, E. S. Woodard

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Melorheostosis is a nonhereditary bone dysplasia primarily affecting the appendicular skeleton. Because clinical and histologic features are often nonspecific, the diagnosis is often based on the radiographic presentation. Involvement of the craniofacial skeleton is rare. We describe a case of a 15-year-old girl with appendicular and craniofacial melorheostosis with adjacent central giant cell granuloma. We discuss the possible significance of this previously unreported finding.

Executive Summary: Randomized Comparison Of Two Internet-Supported Methods Of Natural Family Planning, Richard J. Fehring, Mary Schneider

Randomized Comparison of Two Internet-Supported Methods of Natural Family Planning

Only 0.2% of US women use modern methods of natural family planning, i.e., the basal body temperature and the cervical mucus methods of natural family planning (NFP). The reason that such few women use NFP methods is because they are often ineffective, they are difficult to use, there is lack of access to properly trained NFP teachers, a lack of motivation to use a behavioral method, and health professionals are reluctant to prescribe NFP methods. One way to potentially increase the use of NFP methods is to provide easy access to an effective but simplified NFP method that uses a …

Influence Of Motivation On The Efficacy Of Natural Family Planning, Richard J. Fehring, Mary Schneider, Mary Lee Barron, Jessica E. Pruszynski

Randomized Comparison of Two Internet-Supported Methods of Natural Family Planning

Purpose: Mutual motivation is recognized as essential for effective behavioral methods of family planning. Few studies have studied this factor in family planning efficacy. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of mutual motivation on unintended pregnancy rates of couples who used natural family planning (NFP) methods to avoid pregnancy.

Study Design and Methods: Using an online taught NFP method, 358women and ( their male partners) indicated “how much” and “how hard” they wished to avoid pregnancy on a scale of 0-10 before each menstrual cycle charted over 12 month of use. This motivation scale is used …

Predictors Of Dental Care Use: Findings From The National Longitudinal Study Of Adolescent Health, Christopher Okunseri, Elaye Okunseri, Raul I. Garcia, Alexis D. Visotcky, Aniko Szabo

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Purpose

To examine longitudinal trends and associated factors in dental service utilization by adolescents progressing to early adulthood in the United States.

Methods

The data source was the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health from Waves I (1994–1995), II (1996), III (2001–2002), and IV (2007–2008). This was a retrospective, observational study of adolescents' transition to early adulthood. We obtained descriptive statistics and performed logistic regression analyses to identify the effects of baseline and concurrent covariates on dental service utilization from adolescence to early adulthood over time.

Results

Dental service utilization within the prior 12 months peaked at age 16 (72%), …

Embracing A Competency-Based Specialty Curriculum For Community-Based Nursing Roles, Pamela F. Levin, Susan M. Swider, Susan Breakwell, Julia M. Cowell, Virginia Reising

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

The Quad Council competencies for public health nursing (PHN) provide guidance in developing curricula at both the generalist and specialist level. However, these competencies are based on nursing roles in traditional public health agencies and community/public health is defined more broadly than official agency practice. The question arises as to whether community-based specialties require largely the same knowledge and skill set as PHN. The purpose of the competency cross-mapping project reported here was to (a) assess the intersection of the Quad Council competencies with four community-based specialties and (b) ensure the appropriateness of a Quad Council-based curriculum to prepare graduates …

Oral Branched-Chain Amino Acid Supplements That Reduce Brain Serotonin During Exercise In Rats Also Lower Brain Catecholamines, Sujean Choi, Briana Disilvio, Madelyn H. Fernstrom, John D. Fernstrom

Biomedical Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Exercise raises brain serotonin release and is postulated to cause fatigue in athletes; ingestion of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA), by competitively inhibiting tryptophan transport into brain, lowers brain tryptophan uptake and serotonin synthesis and release in rats, and reputedly in humans prevents exercise-induced increases in serotonin and fatigue. This latter effect in humans is disputed. But BCAA also competitively inhibit tyrosine uptake into brain, and thus catecholamine synthesis and release. Since increasing brain catecholamines enhances physical performance, BCAA ingestion could lower catecholamines, reduce performance and thus negate any serotonin-linked benefit. We therefore examined in rats whether BCAA would reduce both …

Attributed Meanings And Strategies To Prevent Challenging Behaviors Of Hospitalized Children With Autism: Two Perspectives, Norah L. Johnson Phd, Rn, Cpnp, Abir K. Bekhet, Karen Marie Robinson, Dana Rodriguez

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Introduction

Understanding is limited of the meaning attributed to behaviors of children with autism spectrum disorder and strategies used to prevent challenging behaviors in the context of hospitalization.

Methods

This qualitative study consisted of two focus groups (n = 10; five mothers and five health care providers [HCPs]). Transcripts were analyzed using the qualitative method of narrative inquiry.

Results

The meaning attributed to behaviors by the mothers and the HCPs differed. The mothers attributed behaviors to the child's communication of frustration, hyperactivity, and self-calming. The HCPs attributed challenging behaviors to self-stimulation and child aggression. Strategies to prevent behaviors also …

The Effect Of Water Storage On The Bending Properties Of Esthetic, Fiber-Reinforced Composite Orthodontic Archwires, Ju-Han Chang, David W. Berzins, Jessica E. Pruszynski, Richard W. Ballard

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Objective: To study the effect of water storage on the bending properties of fiber-reinforced composite archwires and compare it to nickel-titanium (NiTi), stainless steel (SS), and beta-titanium archwires.

Materials and Methods: Align A, B, and C and TorQ A and B composite wires from BioMers Products, 0.014-, 0.016, and 0.018-inch, and 0.019 × 0.025-inch NiTi, 0.016-inch SS, and 0.019 × 0.025-inch beta-titanium archwires were tested (n  =  10/type/size/condition). A 20-mm segment was cut from each end of the archwire; one end was then stored in water at 37°C for 30 days, while the other was stored dry. The segments were …

Contributions Of The Kölliker-Fuse Nucleus To Coordination Of Breathing And Swallowing, Joshua M. Bonis, Suzanne E. Neumueller, K. L. Krause, Lawrence Pan, Matthew R. Hodges, Hubert V. Forster

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Herein we compare the effects of perturbations in the Kölliker–Fuse nucleus (KFN) and the lateral (LPBN) and medial (MPBN) parabrachial nuclei on the coordination of breathing and swallowing. Cannula was chronically implanted in goats through which ibotenic acid (IA) was injected while awake. Swallows in late expiration (E) always reset while swallows in early inspiration (I) never reset the respiratory rhythm. Before cannula implantation, all other E and I swallows did not reset the respiratory rhythm, and had small effects on E and I duration and tidal volume (V_T). However, after cannula implantation in the MPBN and …

Primary Blast Traumatic Brain Injury In The Rat: Relating Diffusion Tensor Imaging And Behavior, Matthew D. Budde, Alok Shah, Michael Mccrea, William E. Cullinan, Frank A. Pintar, Brian D. Stemper

Biomedical Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

The incidence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) among military personnel is at its highest point in U.S. history. Experimental animal models of blast have provided a wealth of insight into blast injury. The mechanisms of neurotrauma caused by blast, however, are still under debate. Specifically, it is unclear whether the blast shockwave in the absence of head motion is sufficient to induce brain trauma. In this study, the consequences of blast injury were investigated in a rat model of primary blast TBI. Animals were exposed to blast shockwaves with peak reflected overpressures of either 100 or 450 kPa (39 and …

The Microbiology And Immunology Of Normal Physiologic Birth: A Plea For The Nature Of Mother, Lisa Hanson, Leona Vandevusse

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Contemporary Women’S Adaptation To Motherhood: The First 3 To 6 Weeks Postpartum, Cynthia Aber, Marianne Weiss, Jacqueline Fawcett

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

A better understanding of the process of adaptation to motherhood should enhance nurses’ ability to prepare women for the transition to motherhood and to provide care following childbirth. Knowledge about women’s adaptation to motherhood was developed primarily from the 1960s to the 1990s. Cesarean birthing was a special focus of research throughout the late 1970s and the 1980s, followed by functional status, and more recently, depression and stress associated with birth and postpartum. Adaptation to motherhood in the context of the early 21st century has received limited attention in nursing research, creating an assumption that the process of adaptation is …

Use Of Urinary Pregnanediol 3-Glucuronide To Confirm Ovulation, R. Ecochard, R. Leiva, Thomas Bouchard, H. Boehringer, A. Direito, A. Mariani, Richard Fehring

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Objective

Urinary hormonal markers may assist in increasing the efficacy of Fertility Awareness Based Methods (FABM). This study uses urinary pregnanediol-3a-glucuronide (PDG) testing to more accurately identify the infertile phase of the menstrual cycle in the setting of FABM.

Methods

Secondary analysis of an observational and simulation study, multicentre, European study. The study includes 107 women and tracks daily first morning urine (FMU), observed the changes in cervical mucus discharge, and ultrasonography to identify the day of ovulation over 326 menstrual cycles. The following three scenarios were tested: (A) use of the daily pregnandiol-3a-glucuronide (PDG) test alone; (B) use of …

Perinatal Outcomes Of Prenatal Probiotic And Prebiotic Administration: An Integrative Review, Leona Vandevusse, Lisa Hanson, Nasia Safdar

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

The purpose of this integrative review was to identify, critique, and synthesize the maternal and neonatal evidence on the prenatal use of probiotics and prebiotics to inform perinatal health professionals. A comprehensive literature search resulted in 37 studies of prenatal probiotics and 1 on antepartal prebiotics published from 1990 through 2011 that reported maternal, fetal, and/or neonatal outcomes. The methodologic quality of the studies reviewed was high, although investigators used different probiotic combinations and inconsistently reported perinatal clinical outcomes. The extraction of perinatal outcome variables resulted in identification of 9 maternal and 5 neonatal categories. Prenatal probiotics significantly reduced the …

Nontraumatic Dental Condition-Related Visits To Emergency Departments On Weekdays, Weekends And Night Hours: Findings From The National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, Christopher Okunseri, Elaye Okunseri, Melissa Christine Fischer, Saba Noori Sadeghi, Qun Xiang, Aniko Szabo

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Objective: To determine whether the rates of nontraumatic dental condition (NTDC)-related emergency department (ED) visits are higher during the typical working hours of dental offices and lower during night hours, as well as the associated factors.

Methods: We analyzed data from the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey for 1997 through 2007 using multivariate binary and polytomous logistic regression adjusted for survey design to determine the effect of predictors on specified outcome variables.

Results: Overall, 4,726 observations representing 16.4 million NTDC-related ED visits were identified. Significant differences in rates of NTDC-related ED visits were observed with 40%–50% higher rates during …

The Hiv-1 Protein Vpr Targets The Endoribonuclease Dicer For Proteasomal Degradation To Boost Macrophage Infection, Laurieann Klockow, Hamayun J. Sharifi, Xiaoyun Wen, Meg Flagg, Andrea K.M. Furuya, Michael Nekorchuk, Carlos M.C. De Noronha

Biomedical Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

The HIV-1 protein Vpr enhances macrophage infection, triggers G2 cell cycle arrest, and targets cells for NK-cell killing. Vpr acts through the CRL4^DCAF1 ubiquitin ligase complex to cause G2 arrest and trigger expression of NK ligands. Corresponding ubiquitination targets have not been identified. UNG2 and SMUG1 are the only known substrates for Vpr-directed depletion through CRL4^DCAF1. Here we identify the endoribonuclease Dicer as a target of HIV-1 Vpr-directed proteasomal degradation through CRL4^DCAF1. We show that HIV-1 Vpr inhibits short hairpin RNA function as expected upon reduction of Dicer levels. Dicer inhibits HIV-1 replication in T …

A Phase I Trial Of Aminolevulinic Acid-Photodynamic Therapy For Treatment Of Oral Leukoplakia, Stuart J. Wong, Bruce Campbell, Becky Massey, Denis P. Lynch, Ezra E.W. Cohen, Elizabeth M. Blair, Rebecca Selle, Julia Shklovskaya, Borko D. Jovanovic, Silvia Skripkauskas, Alexander Dew, Peter Kulesza, Vamsi Parimi, Raymond C. Bergan, Eva Szabo

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Background

Photodynamic therapy with aminolevulinic acid (ALA PDT) for oral leukoplakia has shown promising effects in regression of oral leukoplakia. Although ALA has been extensively studied and is an ideal photosensitizer, the optimal light dose for treatment of oral leukoplakia has not been determined. We conducted a phase I study to determine MTD and DLT of PDT in patients treated with ALA for leukoplakia.

Methods

Patients with histologically confirmed oral leukoplakia received a single treatment of ALA PDT in cohorts with escalating doses of light (585 nm). Clinical, histologic, and biologic markers were assessed.

Results

Analysis of 11 participants is …

Changes In Hemodynamic Responses In Chronic Stroke Survivors Do Not Affect Fmri Signal Detection In A Block Experimental Design, Nutta-On Promjunyakul, Brian D. Schmit, Sheila Schindler-Ivens

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

The use of canonical functions to model BOLD-fMRI data in people post-stroke may lead to inaccurate descriptions of task-related brain activity. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the spatiotemporal profile of hemodynamic responses (HDRs) obtained from stroke survivors during an event-related experiment could be used to develop individualized HDR functions that would enhance BOLD-fMRI signal detection in block experiments. Our long term goal was to use this information to develop individualized HDR functions for stroke survivors that could be used to analyze brain activity associated with locomotor-like movements. We also aimed to examine the reproducibility of HDRs …

Parent Attributional Style And Early Termination From Child And Parent Therapy, Ryan James Mattek

Dissertations (1934 -)

ABSTRACT

PARENT ATTRIBUTIONAL STYLE AND EARLY TERMINATION

FROM CHILD AND PARENT THERAPY

Ryan J. Mattek, M.A.

Marquette University, 2013

Behavior problems are prevalent in young children and represent a threat to a child's typical development. These early behavior problems are even more common in children from low-income, urban settings. If left untreated, such challenging behaviors may become ingrained and lead to later more severe behaviors including aggression, violence, and anti-social behaviors. Research has demonstrated that participation in child and parent therapy (CPT) programs significantly reduces problematic child behaviors while increasing positive behaviors in both the child and the parent. However, …

The Relationships Between Nurse Attributes, Site Characteristics, And Labor Support Attitudes And Behaviors Among Intrapartum Nurses, Ann Prenger Aschenbrenner

Dissertations (1934 -)

Most American women deliver their babies in the hospital; an opportunity for nurses to make a positive impact. However, nursing labor support has been associated with fewer positive outcomes than support performed by lay providers, doulas, or midwives. Positive outcomes associated with continuous labor support include decreased cesarean deliveries, and use of medication or epidurals for pain. It was unclear why the outcomes were not as great when nurses provided labor support.

The purpose of this study was to describe the relationships between nurse attributes, organizational characteristics, and labor support attitudes, behaviors, and perception of barriers among intrapartum nurses. Conceptual …

Supervisees' Experiences Of Ruptures In Multicultural Supervision: A Qualitative Study, Laura Lubbers

Dissertations (1934 -)

As the paradigmatic shift of multiculturalism emerges in counseling, the constructs of culture and context warrant examination in the supervision process. With an understanding that conflict is inevitable in supervision relationships particularly when cultural topics are being discussed, investigation into the process of ruptures and rupture repair as they take place within multicultural supervision is warranted. Despite the attention paid to addressing culture in supervision, surprisingly little empirical attention has focused on supervisee experiences of ruptures in multicultural supervision. This study sought to provide a deeper understanding of supervisees' experiences of ruptures in multicultural supervision. Twelve participants were interviewed regarding …

Immune Dysregulation And Glucocorticoid Resistance In Minority And Low Income Pregnant Women, Elizabeth J. Corwin, Ying Guo, Kathleen Pajer, Nancy Lowe, Donna O. Mccarthy, Sarah Schmiege, Mary Weber, Thaddeus Pace, Brian Stafford

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Chronic prenatal stress contributes to poor birth outcomes for women and infants. Importantly, poor birth outcomes are most common among minority and low income women. To investigate underlying mechanisms, we tested the hypothesis that chronic stress related to minority or low income status is associated with glucocorticoid resistance as indicated by disruption in the cytokine-glucocorticoid feedback circuit. Home visits were conducted during which 3rd trimester pregnant women completed stress and depression surveys and provided blood for pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Saliva was collected 5 times the preceding day for diurnal cortisol levels. For statistical analyses, women were grouped 3 ways, …

Favorable Ratings Of Providers' Communication Behaviors Among U.S. Women With Depression: A Population-Based Study Applying The Behavioral Model Of Health Services Use, Abiola O. Keller, Ronald Gangnon, Whitney P. Witt

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Background

Little is known about the relationships between sociodemographic characteristics and ratings of provider communication behavior among women with depression in the United States. This study uses the Andersen Behavioral Model to examine the relationships among predisposing, enabling, and need factors and ratings of perceived patient–provider communication in women with depression.

Methods

The sample consisted of women with depression who visited any provider in the previous 12 months in the 2002–2008 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (n = 3,179; weighted n = 4,707,255). Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the independent contribution of predisposing, enabling, and need factors on …

Measuring Use Of Positive Thinking Skills: Psychometric Testing Of A New Scale, Abir K. Bekhet, Jaclene A. Zauszniewski

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Positive thinking interventions improve adaptive functioning and quality of life in many populations. However, no direct measure of positive thinking skills taught during intervention exists. This psychometric study of a convenience sample of 109 autism spectrum disorder (ASD) caregivers examined a new eight-item Positive Thinking Skills Scale (PTSS), which measures the frequency of use of positive thinking skills. The PTSS was found to be internally consistent (α = .90). Construct validity was supported by significant correlations (p < .01) with positive cognitions (r = .53), resourcefulness (r = .63), depression (r = −.45), and general well-being (r = .40). The findings …

Does Nurse Manager Education Really Matter?, Jared (Alex) Thompson, Roseanne Fairchild

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Resourcefulness, Positive Cognitions, Relocation Controllability, And Relocation Adjustment Among Older People: A Cross Sectional Study Of Cultural Differences, Abir K. Bekhet, Jaclene Zauszniewski

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Background.  The population of older people in both the United States and Egypt is expected to double by the year 2030. With ageing, chronic illnesses increase and many older people need to relocate to retirement communities. Research has shown that positive cognitions and resourcefulness are positively correlated with adaptive functioning and better adjustment.

Aims and objectives.  The purpose of this study was to examine and compare relocation controllability, positive cognitions, resourcefulness and relocation adjustment between American and Egyptian older people living in retirement communities. The purpose of this cultural comparison is to gain insight into influencing factors in each culture …