Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Health Behaviors Predicting Risk Of Obesity In Us Adults: What Does A Healthy Lifestyle Look Like?, Jacqueline Vernarelli, Jessica R. Kiel, Christopher D. Coleman, Satya S. Jonnalagadda

Public Health Faculty Publications

Objective

The purpose of this study was to examine the association between lifestyle factors and body weight in a nationally representative sample of US adults and to evaluate the association between a novel “Healthy Habits Composite Score (HHCS)” and risk of obesity.

Methods

This cross-sectional study included data from 4870 adults who participated in the 2017–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The HHCS was developed based on 4 factors: diet, physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep, all of which were measured during the NHANES. A “healthy lifestyle” was defined as meeting ≥3 of the 4 established criteria. Data …

Childhood Dairy Consumption Is Associated With Lower Age Of Menarche In A National Representative Sample Of Us Women, Jacqueline Vernarelli, Sara Szollosy

Public Health Faculty Publications

Background and aims: Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer and leader in cancer-related deaths among women with a variety of established risk factors.

Methods Data from a nationally representative sample of 5,574 women who participated in the 2015–2018 NHANES was used to evaluate the correlation of childhood and adolescent dairy milk consumption and age of menarche. Reproductive history was asked of women > 12y. Data regarding dairy consumption between the ages of 5–12 was available for women > 20y. Survey regression models were used to calculate adjusted age of menarche for categories of dairy consumption after adjusting for relevant confounders.

Results …

Sugar-Sweetened Beverages And Artificially Sweetened Beverages Consumption And The Risk Of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver (Nafld) And Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (Nash), Tung Sung Tseng, Wei Ting Lin, Peng Sheng Ting, Chiung Kuei Huang, Po Hung Chen, Gabrielle V. Gonzalez, Hui Yi Lin

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are fast becoming the most common chronic liver disease and are often preventable with healthy dietary habits and weight management. Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption is associated with obesity and NAFLD. However, the impact of different types of SSBs, including artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs), is not clear after controlling for total sugar intake and total caloric intake. The aim of this study was to examine the association between the consumption of different SSBs and the risk of NAFLD and NASH in US adults. The representativeness of 3739 US adults aged ≥20 years …

Mediation Of Bmi On 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels In U.S. Adults With Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Consumption, Wei-Ting Lin, Gabrielle V. Gonzalez, Yu-Hsiang Kao, Hui-Yi Lin, Mirandy S. Li, David W. Seal, Chien-Hung Lee, Chih-Yang Hu, Lei-Shih Chen, Tung-Sung Tseng

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

Body mass index (BMI) as well as sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) has been suggested to independently decrease 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D). However, the relationship between SSB, BMI, and 25(OH)D is uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the potential mediating role of BMI in the association between SSB intake and 25(OH)D. A total of 4505 representative U.S. adults aged above 20 years and without liver conditions were selected from the 2013-2014 NHANES. All analyses were performed under survey modules with appropriate sampling weights. The prevalence of 25(OH)D insufficiency and deficiency was 37.8% and 24.1% in U.S. adults, respectively. Compared with non-SSB consumers, an …

Mediation Of Bmi On 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels In U.S. Adults With Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Consumption, Wei Ting Lin, Gabrielle V. Gonzalez, Yu Hsiang Kao, Hui Yi Lin, Mirandy S. Li, David W. Seal, Chien Hung Lee, Chih Yang Hu, Lei Shih Chen, Tung Sung Tseng

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

Body mass index (BMI) as well as sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) has been suggested to independently decrease 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D). However, the relationship between SSB, BMI, and 25(OH)D is uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the potential mediating role of BMI in the association between SSB intake and 25(OH)D. A total of 4505 representative U.S. adults aged above 20 years and without liver conditions were selected from the 2013–2014 NHANES. All analyses were performed under survey modules with appropriate sampling weights. The prevalence of 25(OH)D insufficiency and deficiency was 37.8% and 24.1% in U.S. adults, respectively. Compared with non-SSB consumers, an …

Explaining Adult Obesity, Severe Obesity, And Bmi: Five Decades Of Change, Ashley W. Kranjac, Dinko Kranjac

Sociology Faculty Articles and Research

Obesity rates have increased across all segments of society since the late 1970s, but the reason behind population-level increases in body weight remains unclear. We used the 1971–2020 NHANES data to examine whether the observed trend in obesity prevalence is attributable to changing public health behaviors (i.e., intracohort change) or changing publics (i.e., cohort replacement). We partitioned total change in mean BMI, and rates of obesity and severe obesity, into its IC and CR components using linear and algebraic decomposition methods. We found that the IC mechanism (i.e., broad sectors of individuals changing) plays a dominant role in the overall …

Association Between Socioeconomic And Behavioral Characteristics With Urinary Neonicotinoid Levels In The United States, 2015-2016, Komi Nomessi Akliku

Capstone Experience

Neonicotinoids are a class of pesticides developed in the 1980s and widely used in agriculture and households. They are sources of health damage in mammals, as identified in experimental studies in rats. The health effects identified were acetamiprid: memory dysfunction, respiratory failure, and digestive troubles; imidacloprid: liver and brain cell necrosis through Nitric Oxide formation: Thiacloprid induces an increase of cytokine proinflammation and causes cell division disturbance and genotoxicity; thiamethoxam is incriminated in reproductive system toxicity and cardiotoxicity; clothianidin is found to be associated with fertility troubles affecting spermatozoids’ motility. They have been said to be associated with thyroid cancer …

Beyond The Bmi: Expanding Quantitative Methods To Study Health For All Bodies, Kieran Chase, Daniel Oron

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Annual Conference

The public health field is beginning to reckon with its role in perpetuating and reinforcing systemic anti-fatness. Emerging evidence for the devastating health impacts of stigma call into question decades of research and policy that labels the size of people’s bodies as diseased. However, even as we acknowledge the harmful effects of stigma, the field is materially and institutionally invested in a health paradigm that centers weight loss and size-related proxies for health, such as the BMI. Public health scholars interested in questions related to nutrition, chronic disease, and exercise must begin to expand their research focus to imagine non-stigmatizing …

Sugar-Sweetened Beverages Intake, Abdominal Obesity, And Inflammation Among Us Adults Without And With Prediabetes—An Nhanes Study, Wei Ting Lin, Yu Hsiang Kao, Mirandy S. Li, Ting Luo, Hui Yi Lin, Chien Hung Lee, David W. Seal, Chih Yang Hu, Lei Shih Chen, Tung-Sung Tseng

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

Excessive sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) consumption and abdominal obesity have been independently linked to numerous disorders, including diabetes and elevated C-reactive protein (CRP). This study aimed to explore the association between SSB intake, abdominal obesity, and inflammation in normal and prediabetic adults. Sugar intake from SSBs was calculated from 24-h dietary recalls and further classified into non-, medium-, and high-intake. The status of non- and prediabetes was identified based on hemoglobin A1c level. All analyses were performed under a survey module with appropriate sampling weights to control for the complex survey design. A total of 5250 eligible adults without diabetes were …

Associations Between Fasting Duration, Timing Of First And Last Meal, And Cardiometabolic Endpoints In The National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey, Michael David Wirth, Longgang Zhao, Gabrielle Turner-Mcgrievy, Andrew Ortaglia

Faculty Publications

Background: Research indicates potential cardiometabolic benefits of energy consumption earlier in the day. This study examined the association between fasting duration, timing of first and last meals, and cardiometabolic endpoints using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Methods: Cross-sectional data from NHANES (2005–2016) were utilized. Diet was obtained from one to two 24-h dietary recalls to characterize nighttime fasting duration and timing of first and last meal. Blood samples were obtained for characterization of C-reactive protein (CRP); glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c %); insulin; glucose; and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and total cholesterol. Survey design procedures …

Association Between Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Index And Leukocyte Telomere Length In Adults: A Study From National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey (Nhanes) 1999-2002, Lingzhi Chen, Nitin Shivappa Mbbs, Mph, Ph.D., Xiuxun Dong, Jinjing Ming

Faculty Publications

Background

A higher body mass index (BMI) is associated with shorter telomeres. The loss of muscle mass with aging is associated with adverse outcomes. The appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI) is currently used to quantify muscle mass.

Objective

We investigated the association of the ASMI with leukocyte telomere length in adult Americans.

Methods

This cross-sectional study used the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2002 dataset. Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Low muscle mass was defined using sex-specific thresholds of the appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI). The telomere-to-single-copy gene ratio (T/S ratio) was converted to …

Gender Differences, Vitamin B6, Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, And Inflammation-Related Diseases, Hyojung Kim

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Vitamin B6-restricted diets and low plasma pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) status altered plasma polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) compositions. The relationship of aging with vitamin B6 status and PUFA metabolism is poorly understood. This dissertation explored the association between vitamin B6 intake and status and plasma PUFA in US young/middle-aged adults and in older adults from NHANES 2003-2004. Future research plans will examine the relationships among vitamin B6, PUFA, inflammatory diseases, including chronic liver diseases; however, there is a gap in plasma PLP data in the Miami Adult Studies in HIV (MASH) cohort data on these relationships. Thus, the relationship between substance …

Association Between Serum Vitamin D And Bone Mineral Density In Us Population, Hamza M. Sultan

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

Osteoporosis is a condition where the bones become weak that affects 12.6% of the United States (US) population over 50 years of age. Vitamin D helps to improve bone health as it functions in helping reabsorb calcium from the intestines. Several studies have been conducted on the effects of vitamin D on Bone Mineral Density (BMD), where it has shown that insufficient vitamin D is associated with a reduction in BMD. The purpose is to determine the relationship between serum vitamin D and BMD of the femoral neck in the US population in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) …

Association Between Bisphenols, Acrylamide, Glycidamide, Fast Food, And Obesity: An Obesogenic Perspective, Morgan Murphy

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are exogenous man-made substances that have the ability to interfere with hormone action and are believed to be a contributing factor to chronic illnesses, including but not limited to obesity. Recent studies have suggested that environmental agents (environmental obesogens), such as food additives, plasticizers, and personal care products are contributors that aid in the altering of hormone receptors and hormone mimicry. Such environmental obesogens have the potential to promote adipogenesis and fat accumulation. In this study, the social-ecological model was used to determine the factors that can influence the increased exposure to obesogenic chemicals at the …

Hands And Health: Quantifying Occupational Exposures And Implications Of Disability, Sueann R. Woods

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports

Introduction: Hand grip strength (HGS) has been negatively correlated with both biologic, cognitive, and mental health markers. Aim one investigated how occupational metabolic equivalents (OMETs), impacted HGS. Aim two investigated lost time from work and the association with HGS. Finally, aim three investigated the health outcomes of workers’ compensation claimants who have lost time from work, following diagnosis of CTS.

Results:HGS was positively associated with OMET (rs = 0.078, p = 0.009). Linear regression model demonstrated a statistically significant association between HGS and OMETs, F(1, 31) = 9.735, p = .001. Aim two found that all occupation groups had …

Association Between Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Index And Leukocyte Telomere Length In Adults: A Study From National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey (Nhanes) 1999-2002, Lingzhi Chen, Nitin Shivaooa, Xiuxun Dong, Jingjing Ming

Faculty Publications

Background A higher body mass index (BMI) is associated with shorter telomeres. The loss of muscle mass with aging is associated with adverse outcomes. The appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI) is currently used to quantify muscle mass. Objective We investigated the association of the ASMI with leukocyte telomere length in adult Americans. Methods This cross-sectional study used the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2002 dataset. Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Low muscle mass was defined using sex-specific thresholds of the appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI). The telomere-to-single-copy gene ratio (T/S ratio) was converted to …

Effect Of Poverty Level On The Relationship Between Hyperlipidemia And Cardiorenal Syndrome, Sri K. Banerjee Md, Phd, Raymond Panas, James Diegel, Karen Banerjee

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Purpose. Elevated cholesterol is known to be associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) independently. Cardiorenal syndrome (CRS), a recently defined syndrome, is characterized by renal failure that is closely interrelated to cardiac dysfunction. The effect of socioeconomic status on cardiorenal syndrome has not been explored in a multi-ethnic population. In this retrospective secondary analysis, the hypothesis was tested if socioeconomic status modifies the effect of hyperlipidemia on CRS.

Methods. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) is a cross sectional survey done on the non-institutionalized population of the United States. All patients from the NHANES …

Racial/Ethnic Differences In Glycemic Control In Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: United States 2003-2014, Brittany L. Smalls, Tiarney D. Ritchwood, Kinfe G. Bishu, Leonard E. Egede

Family and Community Medicine Faculty Publications

The aim of this study was to determine whether racial differences in HbA1c persist in older adults (≥65 years) living with type 2 diabetes. Data from The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2014 were used to examine the association between HbA1c and older adults (≥65 years) over time. Compared to non-Hispanic Whites, Mexican Americans had the greatest difference in average HbA1c among minority groups, followed by those with unspecified/mixed ethnicities and non-Hispanic Blacks. In the adjusted linear model, racial minorities had a statistically significant relationship with HbA1c. There was no relationship between HbA1c and older age and insulin …

The Association Between Melanoma And Exposure To Arsenic Among U.S. Adults Using The National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey (Nhanes) From 2003 To 2016, Ahmed Bedaiwi

Capstone Experience

Background: Melanoma is a deadly skin cancer at late stages, and its incidence has been increasing significantly over the last ten years in the United States. Chronic exposure to arsenic has been associated in many studies as a risk factor for non-melanoma skin cancer, notably squamous cell carcinoma. However, current knowledge is limited regarding melanoma and long-term arsenic exposure.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study using the 2003-2016 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), to investigate the association between arsenic exposure and self-reported melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer diagnoses. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were conducted. …

Trends And Disparities In Self-Reported And Measured Osteoporosis Among Us Adults, 2007-2014., Qing Wu, Yingke Xu, Ge Lin

Environmental & Occupational Health Faculty Publications

(1) Background: Studies examining osteoporosis trends among US adults by different socioeconomic status (SES) are limited. The prevalence of self-reported osteoporosis in the US is rarely reported. (2) Methods: Data from the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2007–2008 and 2013–2014 cycles were analyzed. Age-adjusted prevalence of self-reported and that of measured osteoporosis were calculated overall and by sex, race/ethnicity, education attainment, and SES. (3) Results: The prevalence of self-reported osteoporosis was higher than that of measured osteoporosis in all three survey cycles for women, and in 2007–2008 and 2009–2010 for men. Participants with high school/GED or higher …

Telomeres, Nutrition And Mortality: Risk Factors For The Rate Of Telomere Length Decline And The Associations Between Telomere Length, Nutrition And Mortality, Saruna Ghimire

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Introduction: Telomeres are nucleoprotein structures located at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes, thought to protect the DNA from damage. As a person experiences stressors, harmful exposures, and other diseases throughout their life, telomeres are thought to become damaged and their length shortened, decreasing their ability to protect the DNA. Nutrition is an important aspect of healthy aging. Preservation of telomere length (TL) is thought to be one of the mechanisms by which good nutrition can delay or prevent the development of chronic disease and death. Recent evidence of preservation of TL with good nutrition is promising. Thus, the aim of …

The Association Of Perfluoroalkyl Substance Exposure And Lung Function In The U.S. Population, Brenna C. Heinle

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

Background/Aim: Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are chemical compounds used in consumer products and are linked with increase in cholesterol, thyroid disease, and pregnancy-induced hypertension. However, their association with lung function is not completely understood.

Methods: Cross sectional 2011-12 U.S. population data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) was used (N=1,450, aged 12 to 79 years, 52% men). Serum concentration of four PFASs, perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS) were assessed using mass spectrometry and were categorized into tertiles. Lung function was measured by spirometry as forced vital capacity (FVC), …

Lead Exposure And Metabolic Syndrome In U.S. Population, Nhanes 2013-2014, Khadra Gukadowr

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

Background: Lead is a known endocrine disruptor and can impair regulation of blood glucose, blood pressure, abdominal adiposity, blood lipid levels which are risk factors for metabolic syndrome (MetS).

Objective: To study the association of lead exposure and MetS in United States (U.S.) adults.

Methods: Data from 523 male and 528 female participants aged 20 years and older from the 2013 to 2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were analyzed. Based on blood lead distribution in males and females, participants were categorized into low and high blood lead groups in both genders. Adjusted logistic regression analysis was used …

Perfluoroalkyl Substances Exposure And Cancer In Nhanes 2011-2016 U.S. Population, Michael Crowder

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

Background: Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are persistent synthetic compounds that may have associated health risks.

Purpose: To explore the association between four common detectable serum PFASs perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctyl sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) and cancer risk in United States (U.S.) adults.

Methods: Data from 4,497 participants from the 2011–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were analyzed. Gender stratified adjusted logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine association between serum PFASs tertiles and risk of cancer.

Results: Median (IQR) PFASs were significantly higher in men compared to women, and among individual with …

An Analysis Of Beverage Consumption In The United States Using The National Health And Examination Survey 2007-2017, Sean Morris

Graduate College Dissertations and Theses

Sugar-Sweetened Beverages (SSBs) are liquids sweetened with various forms of added sugar. They are the leading source of calories and added sugar in the American diet (Drewnowski & Rehm, 2014; National Cancer Institute, 2016; Powell, Chriqui, Khan, Wada, & Chaloupka, 2013). The health and nutrition literature has increasingly identified added sugars and SSBs as a key potential contributor to a host of public health issues including obesity, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease (Johnson et al., 2009; Malik, Popkin, Bray, Despres, & Hu, 2010; Vartanian, Schwartz, & Brownell, 2007). Concern about these public health crises has recently animated regional …

Data From: Tobacco Smoke Exposure Is An Independent Predictor Of Vitamin D Deficiency In Us Children, Benjamin U. Nwosu, Philip Kum-Nji

Benjamin U. Nwosu

Manuscript abstract:

IMPORTANCE:

The role of tobacco-smoke exposure on serum vitamin D concentration in US pediatric population is not known. We hypothesized that tobacco smoke exposure would increase the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in US children.

METHODS:

Representative national data were accessed from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009-2010 databank on 2,263 subjects of ages 3 to 17 years. Subjects were categorized into two groups based on their age: children, if <10 >years; and youth if 10 to 17 years. Descriptive and multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the effect of serum cotinine-verified tobacco smoke …

Exposure To Estrogenic Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals And Brain Health, Mark Preciados

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The overall objective of this dissertation was to examine exposures to the estrogenic endocrine disrupting chemicals (EEDCs), phthalates, bisphenol-A (BPA), and the metalloestrogens cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), and manganese (Mn) in an older geriatric aged-population and examine associations with brain health. Given the evidence that EEDCs affect brain health and play a role in the development of cognitive dysfunction and neurodegenerative disease, and the constant environmental exposure through foods and everyday products has led this to becoming a great public health concern. Using a bioinformatic approach to find nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1) gene targets involved in mitochondrial dysfunction, that …

The Association Of Perfluoroalkyl Substances Exposure And Metabolic Syndrome In U.S. Adults, David B. Leary

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

Background: Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are persistent synthetic compounds that have been environmental contaminants since the 1950s. Exposure in the general population can be through food and water ingestion, use of non-stick cookware, and dust from stain-resistant carpet. Studies have suggested PFASs act as endocrine disrupters and to affect liver and immune function, as well as cause increases in serum lipid levels.

Objective: To explore the association between six common detectable PFASs and the metabolic syndrome (MetS) in United States (U.S.) adults. Methods: Data from 739 participants aged 20 years and older from the 2013-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey …

Wic Participation And Breastfeeding After The 2009 Wic Revision: A Propensity Score Approach, Kelin Li, Ming Wen, Megan Reynolds, Qi Zhang

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

In this study, we examined the association between participation in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) and breastfeeding outcomes before and after the 2009 revisions. Four-thousand-three-hundred-and-eight WIC-eligible children younger than 60 months were included from the 2005-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). We compared two birth cohorts with regard to their associations between WIC participation and being ever-breastfed and breastfed at 6 months. We estimated the average effect of the treatment for the treated to assess the causal effect of WIC participation on breastfeeding based on propensity score matching. The results showed that …

Distribution Of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers Among Demographic Categories, Giorvanni Merilis

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) are flame retardants widely used within the United States in various products such as plastics, electronics, textiles and furniture. With an increase in production and usage, PBDEs have recently emerged as a contaminant of concern. Due to their chemical structure, PBDEs have the propensity to bioaccumulate in mammals. In fact, elevated PBDE concentrations have been recorded in human breast milk. Due to the potential widespread exposure to PBDEs, this study investigates human blood concentrations of PBDEs generated through the 2003-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Through the use of statistical modeling, a comparison of mean …