Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Upper Urinary Tract Transitional Cell Carcinoma And Lymph Node Involvement: Pre And Post Operative Outcomes, Brittney Henderson, Son Young, Mark Quiring, Scott Serpico, Edward Wu, Emma Troyer, Ryan Moriarty, Thomas Mueller, Gordon Brown

Research Day

Background: Upper urinary tract transitional cell carcinomas (UUT-TCC) comprise any malignancy arising from the renal pelvis to distal ureter. These cancers account for approximately 5-10% of all urothelial tumors. Two-thirds of cases are invasive with an estimated 5-year survival rate less than 50%. Pathologic staging, invasion into local structures, and lymph node involvement influence the overall survival rate. Lymph node dissection (LND) is associated with higher overall survival rates in UUT-TCC patients, likely by decreasing regional lymph node metastasis. Current literature suggests that removing eight to ten regional lymph nodes may improve survival. The outcomes of upper urinary tract malignancies …

Modified Excisional Biopsy Technique For Confirmed Or Highly Suspected Melanomas, Batul Momin, Katrina Hansen

Research Day

There are a variety of biopsy techniques for sampling confirmed or highly suspicious melanomas, including excisional, scoop-shave or “saucerization”, shave, and punch biopsy. Herein, we present a case in which a combination approach of saucerization and excisional biopsy was used for a patient with an inadequately sampled melanoma. In the literature, excisional biopsy remains the gold standard for diagnosing melanoma. This technique is accomplished with a full-thickness, fusiform removal of the lesion with a scalpel to the level of adipose tissue (2). The drawback to this technique is the slightly distorted anatomy that can occur during wound closure. Albeit rare, …

A Seemingly Low Risk Patient Develops Urosepsis As A Complication Of Transrectal Prostate Biopsy: A Case Study, Nicole Peritz, Gabrielle Oquendo, Yuhyun Kang, Elijah Humphries, Joy Zarandy

Research Day

Background:

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common cancer in men, and the second most common cause of cancer deaths in the United States. Approximately 1 million Americans undergo prostate biopsies annually, with 97% undergoing the transrectal prostate biopsy (TRPB). While TRPB is reliable and relatively low risk, nearly 7% of patients develop infectious complications, with 3% requiring hospitalization due to sepsis. Risk factors for developing infection post-TRPB include antibiotic resistance, >10 biopsy cores, diabetes mellitus, indwelling catheter, and African-American ethnicity. Identifying risk factors, considering a transperineal biopsy approach, and utilizing pre-procedural practices like rectal sterilization, screening urinalysis, prophylactic antibiotics, …

Rare Presentation Of Metastatic Hepatocellular Carcinoma In The Finger: Case Report And Review Of Literature, F. Rhana Mousavi, Bassem Bekheit, Emon Alavi, Nick A. Hirad, Abanoub Gabra

Research Day

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a primary tumor of the liver that primarily develops in the setting of chronic liver disease. HCC is difficult to diagnose due to it requiring the use of multiple imaging modalities with the goal to detect tumors when they are less than or equal to 2 cm in size to allow all possible treatment options to be used. Herein, we discuss a 69-year-old male with stage IV liver cancer residing in hospice presenting with left middle finger osteomyelitis and extreme pain. Radiology revealed a destructive lesion but pathology provided the diagnosis of metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma in …

A Cadaveric Case Study On Lung Cancer Pathology, Anna Beth Boyette, Sarah Kate Boyette, Haley Garrett, Janai Groves, Perry Chandler Mullis, Sofia Sirocchi, Shiv Dhiman, Savita Arya

Research Day

INTRODUCTION: Lung cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer amongst both genders, currently accounting for about 18% of all cancer deaths.

OBJECTIVES: The overall purpose of this study was to evaluate the pathology associated with the patient’s cause of death, cardiorespiratory failure and lung cancer. The secondary aims of this study were to confirm the presence of malignant neoplasms within a human cadaver, determine the type of cancer present, and take specimens for histological examination to evaluate the patient’s cause of death.

METHODS: This is a case report from one of the cadavers in the Gross Anatomy laboratory at the …

A Cadaveric Case Study On Metastatic Breast Cancer Pathology, Janai L. Groves, Haley B. Garrett, Savannah J. Finley, Jada M. Glenn, Itza M. Garcia, Shiv Dhiman, Savita Arya

Research Day

INTRODUCTION: Breast cancer is the second most common cancer among women in the United States. The exact etiology of breast cancer is unknown, but over 70% of breast cancer cases involve only two risk factors: being a woman and being over the age of 50. Women with a family history of breast cancer, as well as women who experience early menopause, have an even greater risk of developing this disease. When considering racial demographics, African-American women have a 4-8% lower incidence rate of breast cancer than Caucasian women but are 40% more likely to die from the disease. Breast cancer …

Cadaveric Study: Sign Of Leser-Trélat Associated With Breast Cancer, Brigitte L. Cochran, Shiv Dhiman, Savita Arya

Research Day

INTRODUCTION: Seborrheic keratoses (SK) is considered the most common benign skin lesions found in individuals that are middle aged and older. In dermatology practice, these lesions pose no threat to the individual but can be concerning for cosmetic and underlying malignancy reasons when they cover most of the skin surface. Of specific concern is the sign of Leser-Trélat, which has been documented as a cutaneous harbinger of underlying malignancy associated with proliferation of the size and/or number seborrheic keratoses. This rare sign is usually caused by malignancies such as gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma and lung, kidney, liver, pancreatic cancer or malignant melanoma. …

A Unique Case Of Atrial Fibrillation Secondary To Squamous Cell Lung Carcinoma, Mohammad J. Malik, Emily K. Wilson, Vijay Bandhakavi

Research Day

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is widely considered to be the most prevalent cardiac arrhythmia with an incidence of roughly 1-2% in the United States alone. The incidence of AF has been known to increase with advancing age and thus presents a significant burden on healthcare systems across the globe. AF arises as a result of several mechanisms including structural changes that occur to the heart overtime. Here we present a case in which a 63-year-old male with no past medical history except heavy tobacco use presented to the emergency department complaining of shortness of breath. He also endorsed having palpitations and …

A Combined Radio-Immunotherapy Regimen Eradicates Late-Stage Melanoma In Mice., Sritha Moram, Alexander Rakhmilevich, Noah Tsarovsky, Mildred Felder, Amy Erbe, Alex Pieper, Jen Zaborek, Emily Cheng, Cole Witt, Paul Sondel

Research Day

Advanced cancers are typically resistant to treatment, which leads to most experimental cancer immunotherapy approaches being tested against smaller tumors. In this study, we show that even late-stage, weakly immunogenic mouse B78 melanomas, with tumor volumes of 1500-2000 mm3, can be eradicated by a combined radio-immunotherapy regimen (CRIR) which includes local radiotherapy, intratumoral interleukin 12, slow-release systemic interleukin 2 and checkpoint blockade with anti-CTLA-4 antibody. Flow analysis of the tumors revealed a reduction in T regulatory (Treg) cells and an increase in CD8/Treg ratios following CRIR. T cell depletion did not prevent the rapid shrinkage of treated tumors, but suppressed …

Prolonged Length Of Stay In Illeal Conduit Compared To Neobladder Diversion In Radical Cystectomy Patients For Bladder Cancer, Ryan J. Moriarty, Young Son, Brian Thomas, Ronald Clearie, Lance Earnshaw, Dayna Devincentz, Thomas Mueller

Research Day

Background:

Radical cystectomy and urinary diversion has become the standard treatment for invasive and complicated malignancies of the bladder, urethra, and ureters. [1] Robotic-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC), introduced in the last decade, has been associated with favorable perioperative outcomes when compared to open radical cystectomy. Yet little is known about how different urinary diversion types compare in regards to length of hospital stay, readmission rates, and perioperative course. This data analysis seeks to identify the statistically significant differences in postoperative course of ileal conduit versus neobladder among patients with staged bladder cancer.

Methods:

The American College of Surgeons National Surgical …

Comparison Of The Inhibition Of An Oct3 Transporter Inhibitor, Nilotinib, On Doxorubicin’S Effects On Cardiac And Cancer Cell Lines, Zachary G. Tan, Juliet Melnik, Aakash Belsare, James Huang, Meagan Lyons, Kimberly Dowes, Gurpreet Kaur, Lindon H. Young, Robert J. Barsotti, Qian Chen

Research Day

Introduction

Doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiotoxicity remains a significant barrier limiting its clinical application due to a lack of effective resolution. Targeting how DOX enters cardiac and cancer cells is a promising new strategy. Research suggests that an OCT3 transporter significantly contributes to DOX entry into the heart tissue. By contrast, it expresses much lower on breast cancer cell lines. Moreover, Nilotinib (NIB) can suppress OCT3 transporter function by 80%. Therefore, exploring the impact of NIB on the DOX’s effects on cardiac and cancer cell lines by altering DOX intracellular accumulation is intriguing.

Objective

First, we would establish a dose-response curve of …

Identification Of Novel Somatic Fusions Of Erg-Vegfa, Tmprss2-Erg, And Vegfa-Tmprss2 In Prostate Cancer Treated With Anlotinib And Androgen Deprivation Therapy: A Case Report, Qiuli Liu, Shuo Wang, Ze Wang, Peng Tang, Dianzheng Zhang, Weihua Lan, Jun Jiang

PCOM Scholarly Papers

The TMPRSS2-ERG fusion gene has frequently been found in prostate cancer and is associated with malignancy. Identifying novel fusions will help to stratify patients and establish patient-tailored therapies. A 78-year-old man presented to our hospital with severe symptoms of urinary urgency and frequency for 2 years, as well as severe bone pain for 1 year. He was diagnosed with metastatic prostate cancer with a Gleason score of 5 + 5. Three gene fusions, ERG_VEGFA, TMPRSS2_ERG, and VEGFA_TMPRSS2, were identified in the patient's prostate cancer tissue. Notably, administration of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor, anlotinib, in combination with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist …

A Signature Of Saliva-Derived Exosomal Small Rnas As Predicting Biomarker For Esophageal Carcinoma: A Multicenter Prospective Study, Kai Li, Yusheng Lin, Yichen Luo, Xiao Xiong, Lu Wang, Kameron Durante, Junkuo Li, Fuyou Zhou, Yi Guo, Shaobin Chen, Yuping Chen, Dianzheng Zhang, Sai-Ching Jim Yeung, Hao Zhang

PCOM Scholarly Papers

BACKGROUND: The tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are produced in a nuclease-dependent manner in responses to variety of stresses that are common in cancers. We focus on a cancer-enriched tsRNA signature to develop a salivary exosome-based non-invasive biomarker for human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

METHODS: Cancer-enriched small RNAs were identified by RNA sequencing of salivary exosomes obtained from ESCC patients (n = 3) and healthy controls (n = 3) in a pilot study and further validated in discovery cohort (n = 66). A multicenter prospective observational study was conducted in two ESCC high-incidence regions (n = 320 and 200, respectively) …

Repurposing Dextromethorphan And Metformin For Treating Nicotine-Induced Cancer By Directly Targeting Chrna7 To Inhibit Jak2/Stat3/Sox2 Signaling, Lu Wang, Du Liang, Xiao Xiong, Yusheng Lin, Jianlin Zhu, Zhimeng Yao, Shuhong Wang, Yi Guo, Yuping Chen, Kyla Geary, Yunlong Pan, Fuyou Zhou, Shegan Gao, Dianzheng Zhang, Sai-Ching Jim Yeung, Hao Zhang

PCOM Scholarly Papers

Smoking is one of the most impactful lifestyle-related risk factors in many cancer types including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). As the major component of tobacco and e-cigarettes, nicotine is not only responsible for addiction to smoking but also a carcinogen. Here we report that nicotine enhances ESCC cancer malignancy and tumor-initiating capacity by interacting with cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 7 subunit (CHRNA7) and subsequently activating the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. We found that aberrant CHRNA7 expression can serve as an independent prognostic factor for ESCC patients. In multiple ESCC mouse models, dextromethorphan and metformin synergistically repressed nicotine-enhanced cancer-initiating cells (CIC) …

The Effects Of Resveratrol On Prostate Cancer Through Targeting The Tumor Microenvironment., Natalie Silk, Jeremy Reich, Rahul Sinha, Shivansh Chawla, Kyla Geary, Dianzheng Zhang

PCOM Scholarly Papers

Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers diagnosed in men in the United States and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Since over 60% of prostate cancer cases occur in men over 65 years of age, and this population will increase steadily in the coming years, prostate cancer will be a major cancer-related burden in the foreseeable future. Accumulating data from more recent research suggest that the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a previously unrecognized role in every stage of cancer development, including initiation, proliferation, and metastasis. Prostate cancer is not only diagnosed in the late stages …

Histone Demethylase Phf8 Drives Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer Progression By Epigenetically Upregulating Foxa2., Qiuli Liu, Jian Pang, Lin-Ang Wang, Zhuowei Huang, Jing Xu, Xingxia Yang, Qiubo Xie, Yiqiang Huang, Tang Tang, Dali Tong, Gaolei Liu, Luofu Wang, Dianzheng Zhang, Qiang Ma, Hualiang Xiao, Weihua Lan, Jun Qin, Jun Jiang

PCOM Scholarly Papers

Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is a more aggressive subtype of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Although it is well established that PHF8 can enhance prostate cancer cell proliferation, whether PHF8 is involved in prostate cancer initiation and progression is relatively unclear. By comparing the transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) mice with or without Phf8 knockout, we systemically examined the role of PHF8 in prostate cancer development. We found that PHF8 plays a minimum role in initiation and progression of adenocarcinoma. However, PHF8 is essential for NEPC because not only is PHF8 highly expressed in NEPC but also animals without …

Piwi-Interacting Rnas: Mitochondria-Based Biogenesis And Functions In Cancer, Jin-Fen Su, Anthony Concilla, Dianzheng Zhang, Fang Zhao, Fang-Fang Shen, Hao Zhang, Fu-You Zhou

PCOM Scholarly Papers

PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNAs), once thought to be mainly functioning in germlines, are now known to play an essential role in somatic and cancerous tissues. Ping-pong cycle initiation and mitochondria-based phased production constitute the core of the piRNA biogenesis and these two processes are well conserved in mammals, including humans. By being involved in DNA methylation, histone marker deposition, mRNA degradation, and protein modification, piRNAs also contribute to carcinogenesis partly due to oncogenic stress-induced piRNA dysregulation. Also, piRNAs play important roles in cancer stemness, drug resistance, and tumor immunology. Results from liquid biopsy analysis of piRNA can be used in both …

Correlation Of Ape1 With Vegfa And Cd163+ Macrophage Infiltration In Bladder Cancer And Their Prognostic Significance, Lin-Ang Wang, Bo Yang, Tang Tang, Yuxin Yang, Dianzheng Zhang, Hualing Xiao, Jing Xu, Luofu Wang, Li Lin, Jun Jiang

PCOM Scholarly Papers

The present study sought to estimate the applicability of apurinic/apyrimidinic endodeoxyribonuclease 1 (APE1), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) expression and CD163+ tumor‑associated macrophage (TAM) ratio as prognostic factors in bladder cancer (BCa). A total of 127 patients with bladder urothelial cancer who underwent radical cystectomy at Daping Hospital were recruited between January 2013 and January 2017, including 45 cases of non‑muscle invasive BCa (NMIBC) and 82 of MIBC. Immunohistochemical detection of APE1, VEGFA and CD163, as well as multiple immunofluorescence staining for APE1, VEGFA, CD163 and CD34, were performed on tissue samples. For APE1 and VEGFA, the staining was …

Lsd1 Promotes Bladder Cancer Progression By Upregulating Lef1 And Enhancing Emt., Qiubo Xie, Tang Tang, Jian Pang, Jing Xu, Xingxia Yang, Linang Wang, Yiqiang Huang, Zhuowei Huang, Gaolei Liu, Dali Tong, Yao Zhang, Luofu Wang, Dianzheng Zhang, Weihua Lan, Qiuli Liu, Jun Jiang

PCOM Scholarly Papers

Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is one of the important underlying molecular mechanisms for most types of cancers including bladder cancer. The precise underlying molecular mechanism in EMT-mediated bladder cancer progression is far from completed. LSD1, a histone lysine-specific demethylase, is known to promote cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, and chemoresistance. We found in this study that LSD1 is highly upregulated in bladder cancer specimens, especially those underwent chemotherapy, and the elevated levels of LSD1 are highly associated with bladder cancer grades, metastasis status, and prognosis. Inhibiting or knockdown LSD1 repressed not only EMT process but also cancer progression. Mechanistically, LSD1 complexes with …

Case Report: Co-Existence Of Brca2 And Palb2 Germline Mutations In Familial Prostate Cancer With Solitary Lung Metastasis., Tang Tang, Lin-Ang Wang, Peng Wang, Dali Tong, Gaolei Liu, Jun Zhang, Nan Dai, Yao Zhang, Gang Yuan, Kyla Geary, Dianzheng Zhang, Qiuli Liu, Jun Jiang

PCOM Scholarly Papers

Background: Mutation-caused loss-of-function of factors involved in DNA damage response (DDR) is responsible for the development and progression of ~20% of prostate cancer (PCa). Some mutations can be used in cancer risk assessment and informed treatment decisions.

Methods: Target capture-based deep sequencing of 11 genes was conducted with total DNA purified from the proband's peripheral blood. Sanger sequencing was conducted to screen potential germline mutations in the proband's family members. Targeted sequencing of a panel of 1,021 genes was done with DNA purified from the tumor tissue.

Results: Two previously unreported germline mutations in the DDR pathway,

Conclusions: The newly …

Mta3 Represses Cancer Stemness By Targeting The Sox2ot/Sox2 Axis, Liang Du, Lu Wang, Jinfeng Gan, Zhimeng Yao, Wan Lin, Junkuo Li, Yi Guo, Yuping Chen, Fuyou Zhou, Sai-Ching Jim Yeung, Robert P Coppes, Dianzheng Zhang, Hao Zhang

PCOM Scholarly Papers

Cancer cell stemness (CCS) plays critical roles in both malignancy maintenance and metastasis, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms are far from complete. Although the importance of SOX2 in cancer development and CCS are well recognized, the role of MTA3 in these processes is unknown. In this study, we used esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) as a model system to demonstrate that MTA3 can repress both CCS and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, by forming a repressive complex with GATA3, MTA3 downregulates SOX2OT, subsequently suppresses the SOX2OT/SOX2 axis, and ultimately represses CCS and metastasis. More importantly, MTA3

A Renal Cell Carcinoma With Biallelic Somatic Tsc2 Mutation: Clinical Study And Literature Review., Jian Pang, Linang Wang, Jing Xu, Qiubo Xie, Qiuli Liu, Dali Tong, Gaolei Liu, Yiqiang Huang, Xingxia Yang, Jinhong Pan, Xiaochu Yan, Qiang Ma, Dianzheng Zhang, Jun Jiang

PCOM Scholarly Papers

OBJECTIVES: To elucidate the effect of the biallelic somatic TSC2 mutations, identified in one adolescent patient, in renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

METHODS: Mutation analyses, immunohistochemistry and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were conducted.

RESULTS: Two novel somatic mutations of TSC2 in unilateral and solitary RCC samples from a 14-year-old female were identified. The pathological features suggest the tumor as a clear-cell renal cell carcinoma. In addition, immunohistochemistry revealed elevated levels of phosphorylated S6K1. Results from in vitro cellular experiments suggest that the mutant TSC2 proteins were quickly degraded and they failed to repress the phosphorylation of S6K1 and STAT3, which …

Epithelioid Glioblastoma Presenting As Aphasia In A Young Adult With Ovarian Cancer: A Case Report, Megan M. Finneran, Joseph Georges, Michael Kakareka, Ryan Moncman, Miriam Enriquez, Todd Siegal, Gregory Kubicek, Alan Turtz, Steven S. Yocom, H Warren Goldman

PCOM Scholarly Papers

Our patient's clinical history and preoperative radiographic evaluation suggested central nervous system (CNS) metastatic disease. Ultimately, final pathology revealed epithelioid glioblastoma (eGBM), a newly classified CNS primary tumor. This reinforces the importance of direct tissue sampling and including eGBM on the differential for young patients with histories of systemic cancer presenting with new CNS lesions.

The Effects Of Resveratrol On Dbc1 & Cadherin Expression In Prostate Cancer, Micah Bower-Kaiser

PCOM Biomedical Studies Student Scholarship

Prostate cancer (PCa) is an incredibly common disease in the United States, with approximately 170,000 new diagnoses and 30,000 deaths occurring on an annual basis. The current mainstay of treatment for PCa is known as androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), which has proven to be an effective short-term option in earlier stages of the disease. Unfortunately, longer periods of ADT risk accelerating progression of the cancer to the point where 25% of all treated patients relapse to an incurable, metastatic, and highly lethal form known as castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). In approximately 60% of CRPC cases, a splice variant of androgen …

Does Aerobic And Resistance Exercise Reduce Fatigue In Men With Prostate Cancer?, Rachel L. Metz

PCOM Physician Assistant Studies Student Scholarship

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this selective EBM review is to determine whether or not aerobic and resistance exercise reduces fatigue in men with prostate cancer.

STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review of three randomized controlled trials (RCT’s) published in peer reviewed journals between 2013-2017.

DATA SOURCES: Data sources obtained for this review were found in using PubMed and Cochrane Library and chosen based on their relevance to the clinical question and if they included patient oriented evidence that matters (POEMS).

OUTCOMES MEASURED: All three studies measured the effect aerobic and resistance exercise has on fatigue in men with prostate cancer undergoing androgen …

Is Radioembolization A Safer Treatment Than Chemoembolization In Patients With Primary Liver Cancer (Hcc)?, Tram Vu

PCOM Physician Assistant Studies Student Scholarship

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this selective EBM review is to determine whether or not radioembolization is safer treatment comparing to chemoembolization in patients with primary liver cancer (HCC)

STUDY DESIGN: Review of three English language primary randomized controlled studies published between 2014 and 2016.

DATA SOURCES: Three randomized controlled trials (RCT) were found using PubMed and Medline database.

OUTCOMES MEASURED: Eligible patients were randomly selected and divided into two groups: one group received radioembolization with Y-90 (TARE Y-90) while the other group received chemoembolization (TACE). Adverse events after post treatment were recorded and compared between TARE Y-90 and TACE.

RESULTS: …

Are Anti-Pd-1/Pd-L1 Monoclonal Antibodies Effective In Prolonging Overall Survival In Patients With Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer?, Sara Bintner

PCOM Physician Assistant Studies Student Scholarship

Objective: The objective of this selective EBM review is to determine whether or not anti-PD-1/PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies are effective in prolonging overall survival in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Study Design: A systematic review and data analysis of three randomized control trials (RCTs) published after 2010. The studies were located in English written peer reviewed journals.

Data sources: Three RCTs, which evaluated the efficacy of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies, including nivolumab and pembrolizumab, as first and second or consecutive line therapy in patients with advanced NSCLC compared to cytotoxic agents. The studies utilized were found in EBSCO host …

Does Acupressure Help To Reduce Symptoms In Individuals Receiving Chemotherapy?, Gabriele Cuna

PCOM Physician Assistant Studies Student Scholarship

OBJECTIVE: The objective for this selective EBM review is to determine whether or not acupressure can help to reduce symptoms in individuals receiving chemotherapy.

STUDY DESIGN: A systematic review of three peer-reviewed primary studies published between the years of 2007-2014.

DATA SOURCES: Three randomized control trials evaluating if acupressure can reduce nausea and vomiting symptoms in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Sources were chosen from Google Scholar and PubMed based on their relevance to the clinical topic.

OUTCOMES MEASURED: The outcomes that are measured in the articles are chemotherapy-related nausea and vomiting. Two of the articles measured these patient oriented outcomes …

Is Bosutinib Effective And Safe Enough To Be Used As A First Line Treatment Option For Patients Who Suffer From Chronic Myeloid Leukemia?, Alison Mcgoldrick

PCOM Physician Assistant Studies Student Scholarship

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this selective EBM review is to determine whether or not bosutinib is effective and safe enough to be used as a fist line treatment option for patients who suffer from chronic myeloid leukemia.

STUDY DESIGN: This review consists of two randomized control trials and one cohort study.

DATA SOURCES: All articles were written in English and selected from peer reviewed articles published in PubMed or OVID. All articles were published between 2016 and 2018. Inclusion criteria that was used for the selection of studies for this review paper involved patients over the age of 18 who …

Is Ginger An Effective Treatment For Reducing The Severity Of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea In Breast Cancer Patients?, Julina Taurino

PCOM Physician Assistant Studies Student Scholarship

Objective: The objective of this selective EBM review is to determine whether or not “Is ginger an effective treatment for reducing the severity of chemotherapy-induced nausea in breast cancer patients?”

Study Design: The systematic review of three English language, peer reviewed, randomized control trials have been published between 2015 and 2016.

Data Sources: Three randomized control trials were obtained using the PubMed database. One single-blind randomized control trial, one double-blinded randomized control trial, and one double-blind Phase II-III randomized control trial.

Outcomes Measured: The participants of the trials graded the severity of nausea after the intervention of ginger or the …