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Articles 1 - 30 of 40
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
The Federal-State Medicaid Match: An Ongoing Tug-Of-War Over Practice And Policy, Karen Matherlee
The Federal-State Medicaid Match: An Ongoing Tug-Of-War Over Practice And Policy, Karen Matherlee
National Health Policy Forum
Reviewing Medicaid match issues since the latter 1980s, this issue brief traces ways in which some states have used creative financing to get more Medicaid matching dollars than they otherwise would qualify for from the federal government. It explores the latest mechanism, states' use of so-called intergovernmental transfers of funds (to avoid established upper payment limits) to increase their matches, triggering efforts by the Senate Finance Committee and the federal Medicaid agency to ban such transfers.
Toward Improved Support For Research On Delivery Of Home- And Community-Based Long-Term Care, Francis G. Caro
Toward Improved Support For Research On Delivery Of Home- And Community-Based Long-Term Care, Francis G. Caro
Gerontology Institute Publications
Stronger and more consistent support is needed for research on long-term care. A greater investment in research will strengthen the ability of public and private organizations to provide effective and efficient assistance to people with disabilities and their informal caregivers. This paper provides a rationale for stronger research funding for the field and outlines several options to strengthen research.
Caring For The Elderly: Oregon's Pioneers (Portland, Oregon), Nora Super, Lisa Sprague
Caring For The Elderly: Oregon's Pioneers (Portland, Oregon), Nora Super, Lisa Sprague
National Health Policy Forum
This site visit looked at the continuum of care for its elderly and disabled citizens in the first state ever to secure Section 1915(c) and (d) waivers under Medicaid to support home- and community-based services. More than three-quarters of Oregon's Medicaid clients now receive care in these settings. Site visitors were briefed on the history and development of long-term care in the state as well as the various care settings available. Panels discussed strategies and partnerships focused on alleviating workforce shortages and highlighted Oregon nurses' authority to delegate certain caregiving tasks to laypeople. Multnomah County staff described county-level activities, especially …
Emerging Issues In The Use Of Binding Arbitration To Resolve Disputes Between Individuals And Health Plans, Karl Polzer
Emerging Issues In The Use Of Binding Arbitration To Resolve Disputes Between Individuals And Health Plans, Karl Polzer
National Health Policy Forum
After briefly describing the federal legal framework fostering the growth of binding arbitration, this paper identifies controversies surrounding arbitration as well as arguments supporting and opposing its use. The paper describes the use of arbitration among certain types of collectively bargained employee health plans regulated under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA), by health maintenance organizations (HMOs) in California, and by a large employer operating a self-insured ERISA health plan. Evidence cited by the California Supreme Court that the largest HMO in California operated its mandatory arbitration program in an unfair way is presented, along with the …
Schip In The Formative Years: An Update, Judith D. Moore
Schip In The Formative Years: An Update, Judith D. Moore
National Health Policy Forum
This issue brief examines the status of the State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) three years after authorizing legislation was enacted. Topics addressed include enrollment and retention of children in new programs, funding allotments and expenditures, evaluation activities planned and underway, the interaction of Medicaid and SCHIP, and problems common across many states.
Medicare+Choice: Where To From Here?, Nora Super
Medicare+Choice: Where To From Here?, Nora Super
National Health Policy Forum
This issue brief examines Medicare+Choice (M+C) plan participation, benefit coverage, and enrollment and the factors that have contributed to plans' decisions to participate in or withdraw from certain markets. In addition, the issue brief explores what has been happening to M+C enrollees in terms of costs, benefits, and continuity of care. Lastly, the issue brief examines the reasons that alternative plan options — such as preferred provider organizations (PPOs) and provider-sponsored organizations (PSOs) — have not taken hold. Legislative proposals that might affect the future of M+C are also discussed.
The Asthma Epidemic: Prospects For Controlling An Escalating Public Health Crisis, Richard Hegner
The Asthma Epidemic: Prospects For Controlling An Escalating Public Health Crisis, Richard Hegner
National Health Policy Forum
This background paper examines the dimensions of the recent asthma epidemic and what could be done to contain it. Information about the prevalence and consequences of asthma across demographic groups is presented. Factors that impede the control of asthma are also identified. The paper also examines the possible causes of asthma and the asthma epidemic as well as new theories about the relationship of asthma to overall advances in health care and economic development. It also discusses the economic implications of asthma and possible cost avoidances linked to better asthma management. The paper concludes with discussions of asthma and public …
Insuring Virginia's Children: Local Outreach And Enrollment (Northern Virginia), Lisa Sprague, Judith D. Moore
Insuring Virginia's Children: Local Outreach And Enrollment (Northern Virginia), Lisa Sprague, Judith D. Moore
National Health Policy Forum
This one-day visit to a nearby jurisdiction was designed to allow participation by federal staff who have been unable to commit the three days required by a typical Forum site visit. Site visitors were given an overview of health care in Virginia and an introduction to the Children's Medical Income Security Program (CMSIP) as well as its proposed replacement, the Family Access to Medical Insurance Security program (FAMIS). A panel representing community organizations and providers shared their experience, touching on provider concerns, coordination of outreach efforts across counties, and assistance for clients after they are enrolled. The group visited the …
Outpatient Commitment In Mental Health: Is Coercion The Price Of Community Services?, Coimbra Sirica
Outpatient Commitment In Mental Health: Is Coercion The Price Of Community Services?, Coimbra Sirica
National Health Policy Forum
This paper reviews the debate over civil commitment to outpatient settings of people with mental illness who are considered too ill and/or too dangerous to be left on their own in their communities. The choices of two states — Maryland and New York — in dealing with this issue are reviewed. Alternative ways of drawing people into treatment and keeping them there are also discussed.
Hcfa's Outpatient Pps: Finally Ready To Roll?, Karen Matherlee
Hcfa's Outpatient Pps: Finally Ready To Roll?, Karen Matherlee
National Health Policy Forum
This issue brief centers on hospital outpatient department services, scheduled to be on a prospective payment system (PPS) July 1, 2000, 17 years after enactment of legislation mandating PPS for hospital inpatient services. It looks at the challenges to providers and patients, including coding and other process issues, redistribution of payments, and changes in beneficiary co-payments.
Using Schip To Subsidize Employment-Based Coverage: How Far Can This Strategy Go?, Karl Polzer
Using Schip To Subsidize Employment-Based Coverage: How Far Can This Strategy Go?, Karl Polzer
National Health Policy Forum
This background paper examines and analyzes early efforts by states to subsidize employment-based health insurance under the State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP), which offers states a more generous funding rate than under Medicaid. As the Health Care Financing Administration prepares to issue regulations governing SCHIP, the paper summarizes complaints by state officials that federal rules governing how job-based coverage might be subsidized under the program are overly complex and rigid. After interviewing officials at the federal level and in six states as well as a variety of researchers and policy experts, the author considered whether and to what extent …
Pharmaceutical Marketplace Dynamics, Robin J. Strongin
Pharmaceutical Marketplace Dynamics, Robin J. Strongin
National Health Policy Forum
This issue brief provides a profile of the pharmaceutical industry and explores topics such as competition, generics, intellectual property, research and development, pricing, and distribution. It also discusses government programs such as the Department of Veterans' Affairs federal supply schedule and Medicaid rebates.
Reinventing Medicaid: Hoosier Healthwise And Children's Health Insurance In Indiana, Judith D. Moore, Lisa Sprague
Reinventing Medicaid: Hoosier Healthwise And Children's Health Insurance In Indiana, Judith D. Moore, Lisa Sprague
National Health Policy Forum
This site visit explored the factors that have made Indiana so successful in enrolling children in its Medicaid and SCHIP plans under the brand name Hoosier Healthwise. Site visitors met with legislators and state officials to gain understanding of the genesis and development of Hoosier Healthwise and its aggressive outreach component. A panel of representatives from partner organizations engaged in enrolling children provided further insight into this process. The site visit participants traveled to observe enrollment and operations in both urban (Marion) and rural (Clay) county offices. They also met with health care executives at hospitals, clinics, and neighborhood health …
Dispelling The Myths And Stigma Of Mental Illness: The Surgeon General's Report On Mental Health, Richard Hegner
Dispelling The Myths And Stigma Of Mental Illness: The Surgeon General's Report On Mental Health, Richard Hegner
National Health Policy Forum
This paper summarizes the key findings of "Mental Health: A Report of the Surgeon General," which was released on December 13, 1999, by U.S. Surgeon General David Satcher. Topics include the significance of mental illness, the effectiveness of diagnosis and treatment, the widespread lack of treatment, access problems and their causes, the significance of stigma, and the prevention of mental illness.
Site Visit To Seattle — University Of Washington Academic Medical Center, Karen Matherlee
Site Visit To Seattle — University Of Washington Academic Medical Center, Karen Matherlee
National Health Policy Forum
The event was part of a series of three site visits leading to an April 27–28, 2000, conference in Annapolis, Maryland, on hospital-based health care systems in transition after enactment of the Balanced Budget Act of 1997 (BBA) and the Medicare, Medicaid, and SCHIP Balanced Budget Refinement Act of 1999 (BBRA). The site visit focused on the challenges the University of Washington (UW) faces in carrying out its three missions of delivery of health services (with emphasis on the safety net), health professions education, and health science and clinical research. It probed the effects of the BBA on these missions …
Mental Health Parity: National And State Perspectives 2000: A Report To The Florida Legislature, Bruce Lubotsky Levin, Ardis Hanson, Richard Coe, Sara A. Kuppin
Mental Health Parity: National And State Perspectives 2000: A Report To The Florida Legislature, Bruce Lubotsky Levin, Ardis Hanson, Richard Coe, Sara A. Kuppin
Ardis Hanson
By failing to appropriately treat adults and children with severe mental illness, we incur enormous social costs through payments for disability benefits (Medicaid, SSI, SSDI), increased medical expenses, accidents and suicides, avoidable criminal justice proceedings, lost productivity, and increased need for homeless shelters and services. People who are underinsured are forced by arbitrary caps and limits to increasingly rely on the public sector. By providing parity for mental health, Florida will bring mental health into the mainstream of health care and become a leader in dispelling the prejudice that surrounds treatment of persons with severe mental illness.
Applying Science To Public Policy: The Context Of The Surgeon General's Report On Mental Health, Richard Hegner
Applying Science To Public Policy: The Context Of The Surgeon General's Report On Mental Health, Richard Hegner
National Health Policy Forum
Intended to provide public policy context for the December 1999 Surgeon General's Report on Mental Health, this background paper discusses the historic skepticism about the efficacy of treatment of mental illness in this country, insurance practices that have discriminated against mental illness and the reasons for them, the disproportionate share of mental health funding provided by government sources such as Medicaid and state general revenues, the role of state and local public government as providers of catastrophic coverage for mental illness, the cascading cost-shifting game in mental health finance, obstacles to needed treatment (including popular attitudes toward mental illness), the …
Providing Low-Cost Assistive Equipment Through Home Care Services: The Massachusetts Assistive Equipment Demonstration, Alison S. Gottlieb, Francis G. Caro
Providing Low-Cost Assistive Equipment Through Home Care Services: The Massachusetts Assistive Equipment Demonstration, Alison S. Gottlieb, Francis G. Caro
Gerontology Institute Publications
This report describes the Massachusetts Assistive Equipment Demonstration, a collaborative project funded by the Robert Wood Johnson’s Home Care Research Initiative and carried out collaboratively by the Gerontology Institute at the University of Massachusetts Boston and the Executive Office of Elder Affairs (EOEA). The purpose of the demonstration was to systematically encourage the use of low-cost assistive equipment among elderly clients through existing case management resources, thereby extending the effectiveness of the Massachusetts home care program by supplementing formal services with expanded use of assistive equipment.
Community Effects On Access To Behavioral Health Care, Carole Gresenz, S. Stockdale, K. Wells
Community Effects On Access To Behavioral Health Care, Carole Gresenz, S. Stockdale, K. Wells
Carole Roan Gresenz
No abstract provided.
Nursing Homes To Medicare Waiver Programs In Vermont, Joseph Murray
Nursing Homes To Medicare Waiver Programs In Vermont, Joseph Murray
New England Journal of Public Policy
This research examines the differences between nursing home residents and those who were able to leave nursing homes with the help of the Medicaid Waiver Program in Vermont. Ninety individuals who reentered the community with the aid of such waivers were compared with a random sample of nursing home residents through the use of the Nursing Home Minimum Data Set. The researchers found divergence in four key areas: cognition, continence, treatment categories, and desire to return to the community. Typically, those who left nursing homes for the community were cognitively intact, had moderate continence, received rehabilitative or clinically complex treatments, …
Site Visit To Detroit — Henry Ford Health System, Lisa Sprague
Site Visit To Detroit — Henry Ford Health System, Lisa Sprague
National Health Policy Forum
This event was one in a series of three site visits leading to an April 27–28, 2000, conference in Annapolis, Maryland, on hospital-based health care systems in transition after the enactment of the Balanced Budget Act of 1997 (BBA) and the Medicare, Medicaid, SCHIP Balanced Budget Refinement Act of 1999 (BBRA). The site visit explored the responses of a large integrated system, the Henry Ford Health System, to the BBA and how the BBA has interacted with other changes in the system's local market and state Medicaid program. Panel presentations highlighted financing and information systems, the integration of diversified services, …
Site Visit To Richmond And Hampton Roads — Bon Secours Health System, Inc., Nora Super
Site Visit To Richmond And Hampton Roads — Bon Secours Health System, Inc., Nora Super
National Health Policy Forum
The first in a series of three site visits leading to an April 27–28, 2000, conference in Annapolis, Maryland, on hospital-based health care systems in transition after the enactment of the Balanced Budget Act of 1997 (BBA) and the Medicare, Medicaid, SCHIP Balanced Budget Refinement Act of 1999 (BBRA). The site visit was designed to better understand how changing payment incentives — particularly the move to prospective payment systems for postacute services — has affected the ability to implement a continuum of care across delivery sites. It examined the Bon Secours Health System's operations in Virginia, which include four hospitals …
Improving Quality And Preventing Error In Medical Practice, Lisa Sprague
Improving Quality And Preventing Error In Medical Practice, Lisa Sprague
National Health Policy Forum
Drawing on the Institute of Medicine's report To Err Is Human, this issue brief looks at quality-improvement and error-reduction efforts at the institutional, regional, and state levels and analyzes the roles of government and the private sector in bringing such efforts into national focus. Questions considered include whether error reporting should be mandatory or voluntary, who should perform error analysis, and the role of the individual in an institutional accountability model.
Physician Connectivity: Electronic Prescribing, Robin J. Strongin
Physician Connectivity: Electronic Prescribing, Robin J. Strongin
National Health Policy Forum
This issue brief focuses on physician connectivity — the electronic linking of physicians with online resources such as clinical databases and sophisticated formulary systems. As physician connectivity increasingly allows physicians to prescribe online via a handheld computer complete with formulary information as well as patient data and drug information, this issue brief examines the issues raised by this technological advance within the broader context of online prescribing.
Associations Among Hospital Capacity, Utilization, And Mortality Of Us Medicare Beneficiaries, Controlling For Sociodemographic Factors., E. S. Fisher, J. E. Wennberg, T. A. Stukel, J. S. Skinner, S. M. Sharp
Associations Among Hospital Capacity, Utilization, And Mortality Of Us Medicare Beneficiaries, Controlling For Sociodemographic Factors., E. S. Fisher, J. E. Wennberg, T. A. Stukel, J. S. Skinner, S. M. Sharp
Dartmouth Scholarship
To explore whether geographic variations in Medicare hospital utilization rates are due to differences in local hospital capacity, after controlling for socioeconomic status and disease burden, and to determine whether greater hospital capacity is associated with lower Medicare mortality rates.
Site Visit To Arizona — Managed Medicaid: Arizona's Ahcccs Experience, Nora Super, Lisa Sprague, Judith D. Moore
Site Visit To Arizona — Managed Medicaid: Arizona's Ahcccs Experience, Nora Super, Lisa Sprague, Judith D. Moore
National Health Policy Forum
This site visit featured a review of a unique Medicaid managed care system, the Arizona Health Care Cost Containment System (AHCCCS), which has operated as a research and demonstration waiver since its inception in 1982. Site visitors heard from speakers who provided historical and background information, a discussion of competitive bidding, contracting and performance management, and insights into the delivery of behavioral health under the mandatory AHCCCS program. The group also heard discussions about services to the uninsured and Arizona's safety net providers. Other topics covered during the visit included the state's KidsCare program under the State Child Health Insurance …
Reshaping Ahcs' Role In Biomedical Research, Karen Matherlee
Reshaping Ahcs' Role In Biomedical Research, Karen Matherlee
National Health Policy Forum
This issue brief explores the reconfiguration of academic health centers (AHCs) in response to health marketplace and other pressures. It reviews four roles AHCs play in medical innovation: (a) development of new drugs, devices, diagnostic techniques, and therapeutic procedures; (b) adoption of new technologies, instruments, and drugs; (c) evaluation of new technologies; and (d) assessment of the need for new modalities and monitoring of their initial uses. The paper examines ways in which these roles are enhanced or threatened by evolving economic forces in the public and private sectors.
Kenia: Ofrezca Servicios De Planificación Familiar En Salas Hospitalarias, Frontiers In Reproductive Health
Kenia: Ofrezca Servicios De Planificación Familiar En Salas Hospitalarias, Frontiers In Reproductive Health
Reproductive Health
No abstract provided.
Effect Of Preventive Home Visits By A Nurse On The Outcomes Of Frail Elderly People In The Community: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Dawn M. Dalby, John W. Sellors, Fred D. Fraser, Catherine Fraser, Cornelia Van Ineveld, Michelle Howard
Effect Of Preventive Home Visits By A Nurse On The Outcomes Of Frail Elderly People In The Community: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Dawn M. Dalby, John W. Sellors, Fred D. Fraser, Catherine Fraser, Cornelia Van Ineveld, Michelle Howard
Kinesiology and Physical Education Faculty Publications
Background: Timely recognition and prevention of health problems among elderly people have been shown to improve their health. In this randomized controlled trial the authors examined the impact of preventive home visits by a nurse compared with usual care on the outcomes of frail elderly people living in the community. Methods: A screening questionnaire identified eligible participants (those aged 70 years or more at risk of sudden deterioration in health). Those randomly assigned to the visiting nurse group were assessed and followed up in their homes for 14 months. The primary outcome measure was the combined rate of deaths and …
From The Home To The Clinic: The Next Chapter In Bangladesh's Family Planning Success Story Rural Sites, Linda Bates, Md. Khairul Islam, Sidney Ruth Schuler, Md. Alauddinn
From The Home To The Clinic: The Next Chapter In Bangladesh's Family Planning Success Story Rural Sites, Linda Bates, Md. Khairul Islam, Sidney Ruth Schuler, Md. Alauddinn
Reproductive Health
This study reports on Bangladesh’s new program model for reproductive health service delivery and people's reactions to it. NGOs in Bangladesh have discontinued door-to-door contraceptive distribution in response to the government’s integrated, clinic-focused approach. The findings from this study strongly support these policy changes: clients and communities are responding favorably to many aspects of the new model, and there do not seem to be intractable social barriers to service utilization. As the NGOs and the Bangladesh government proceed with implementation of the integrated, essential health services model, additional strategies will be needed to erode the paternalistic service delivery culture that …