Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Addressing The Persistence Of Tuberculosis Among The Canadian Inuit Population: The Need For A Social Determinants Of Health Framework, Kassandra C. Kulmann Ma Candidate, Chantelle Am Richmond Professor

Chantelle Richmond

Canadian Aboriginal people have poorer levels of health than the general population. A serious issue is the high rate of tuberculosis (TB) among the Inuit population; rates are much higher than those of the general Canadian population. Several social determinants of health (SDOH), including household crowding and poverty, are strongly correlated with TB prevalence. In this paper, we describe the medical and social determinants of TB, and critically examine the TB literature specific to the Inuit population. The majority of studies recommend biomedical interventions for the treatment of TB. Few researchers have employed the social determinants of health theory to …

Three Dimensional Nutrition: Exploring Nourishment Of Spirit, Mind, And Body During A 28-Day Daniel Fast At Southern Adventist University, Caitlin S. Hobbs

Senior Research Projects

A person who is living well can be said to be “making lifestyle choices with God’s help to support optimum physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual health and experiencing His gift of abundant life” (Tryon, 2009). All of these “dimensions” of health are interrelated, and in order for a person to truly flourish, each area must be nourished. Dietary choices can have an especially interesting impact on these dimensions. Eating healthfully is not always viewed as a joyous endeavor, but when viewed from a multi-dimensional perspective, it can become a more rewarding and intriguing pursuit.

One way to promote a nutritional …

The Impact Of Worksite Weight-Related Social Norms On Associated Behaviors, Stephenie C. Lemon, Qin Liu, Robert P. Magner, Kristin L. Schneider, Lori Pbert

Qin Liu

Objective: To assess the association between descriptive social norms for weight and weight-related behaviors and associated behaviors at the worksite. Design and Sample: Baseline data from site-randomized trial of a worksite ecological intervention for weight control; 12 public high schools in central Massachusetts; Sample of 844 employees enrolled (~ 2/3 of all employees). Conclusions: Associations of weight loss and eating social norms with behavior; Unique from social support; No association of physical activity social norms with physical activity; May be little opportunity for and therefore little exposure to physical activity during the workday; Results support the development of weight loss …

Who Done It? Rurality Vs. Ses As Critical Factors In Evaluating The Prevalence Of Child Psychosocial Concerns In Primary Care, Robert M. Tolliver

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of child psychosocial concerns in rural primary care, hypothesized to be greater than national averages due to lacking mental health services in rural areas. This study was an examination of the role of SES, various definitions of “rural,” and the interaction of SES and rurality, in predicting parent-reported child psychosocial concerns in Appalachian primary care clinics. Caregivers presenting with their child at one of 8 pediatric primary care sites (n=2,672) were recruited to complete a measure assessing demographics and the Pediatric Symptom Checklist (PSC). Results showed that while rural status …

Factors Associated With Parental Decision Making And Childhood Vaccination, Zuwen Qiu-Shultz

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

In order to better understand factors affecting immunization status, logistic regression was used to assess the association of various socio-demographic factors and whether parents would have their child immunized if not a state mandate. Factors included in the study were race, household income, number of children in the household, number of adults in the household, if the child had a primary provider, if the child had a health check-up in the last twelve months, and medical insurance status of the child. The combined Nevada Kindergarten Health Survey Result of 2009-2010 (Year Two) and 2010-2011 (Year Three) conducted by the Nevada …

Chhs December 2013 E-Newsletter, Dr. John Bonaguro, Dean, Vashon S. Wells, Editor, College Of Health And Human Services, Western Kentucky University

College of Health & Human Services Publications

No abstract provided.

A Profile Of Community Health Center Patients: Implications For Policy, Peter Shin, Carmen Alvarez, Jessica Sharac, Sara J. Rosenbaum, Amanda Van Vleet, Julia Paradise, Rachel Garfield

Geiger Gibson/RCHN Community Health Foundation Research Collaborative

Community health centers are a key source of comprehensive primary care in medically underserved communities across the country, and their role is expected to grow as health coverage expands under the Affordable Care Act (ACA). To sharpen understanding of the health center patient population, this brief compares it to the overall low-income population, using data from the Health Center Patient Survey and the National Health Interview Survey,respectively. The pre-ACA profile of health center patients that emerges sets the stage for measuring change following implementation of the reform law and can inform health center policy, planning, and assessment moving forward.

An Analysis Of Employment Policies And Their Effect On Work-Life Balance For Caregiving Parents Of Children With Special Needs, Sara Panella

Muskie School Capstones and Dissertations

This capstone addresses the work-­‐life conflict facing employed caregiver parents with special needs children by 1) identifying what employed parents of children with disabilities need from their employer in order to achieve a work-­‐life balance that improves economic security and emotional well-­‐being, and 2) evaluating how well policies address those needs. An investigation of work-­‐family conflict and stress among parents of special needs children is conducted by examining the current literature and conducting interviews with caregivers to explore their work-­‐life balance needs. Policy recommendations are provided, based on an analysis of public and workplace policies currently in use and policy …

Health Service Utilization And Stigma Among Hiv-Positive Men-Who-Have-Sex-With Men (Msm) In Rural Appalachia, Roger L. Blackwell Jr

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

ABSTRACT

Health Service Utilization and Stigma among

HIV-Positive Men-Who-Have-Sex-With-Men (MSM) in Rural Appalachia

by

Roger Lee Blackwell

The world has now entered the third decade of the AIDS epidemic. Men-who-have-sex-with-men continue to be disproportionately affected by HIV/AIDS. The United States still struggles in its response to this ongoing crisis in many areas: disease prevention, treatment, and HIV related stigma, prejudice and discrimination. Much of the information reported on MSM living with HIV has come from urban population centers, but only a few studies have focused on HIV positive MSM living in rural areas. Therefore, the overall aim of this dissertation …

Factors Influencing The Decision And Ability To Seek Health Services Among Hiv/Aids Patients In Tanzania, Savitri Grover

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Understanding the barriers to treatment for individuals with HIV/AIDS in developing countries could have a major impact on their ability to seek healthcare services. The purpose of this study is to quantitatively analyze the effect of daily activities and structural factors, which act as barriers to seeking health services for individuals living with HIV/AIDS in Tanzania.

The study is based on the hypothesis that (1) Individuals living with HIV/AIDS who face both personal and structural barriers have poor health compared to those not facing the barriers. (2) Individuals living with HIV/AIDS demonstrate different decisions and abilities to seek health services …

Closing The Rural Mortality Gap? An Examination Of 10-Year Cardiovascular Mortality Trends In Washington And Aroostook Counties, Maine, Christy Daggett

Muskie School Capstones and Dissertations

This study examines a significant reduction in cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality1 in two rural, white, low-income counties in Maine over 1999-2009: Washington County and Aroostook County. Two similar counties with similarly high rates of CVD mortality– Penobscot and Piscataquis - were selected as comparators. The study considers different factors known to correlate with CVD mortality, including behavioral risk factors, co-morbid conditions, insurance coverage, and social determinants of health.

Risk Factors For Becoming Homeless Among A Cohort Of Veterans Who Served In The Era Of The Iraq And Afghanistan Conflicts, Stephen Metraux, Limin X. Clegg, John D. Daigh, Dennis P. Culhane, Vincent R. Kane

Dennis P. Culhane

Community-Level Characteristics Associated With Variations In Rates Of Homelessness Among Families And Single Adults, Jamison D. Fargo, Ellen A. Munley, Thomas H. Byrne, Ann Elizabeth Montgomery, Dennis P. Culhane

Dennis P. Culhane

Relationship Among Adverse Childhood Experiences, History Of Active Military Service, And Adult Outcomes: Homelessness, Mental Health And Physical Health, Ann Elizabeth Montgomery, J J. Cutuli, Michelle Evans-Chase, Dan Treglia, Dennis P. Culhane

Dennis P. Culhane

Homelessness Research: Shaping Policy And Practice, Now And Into The Future, Dennis P. Culhane, Vince R. Kane, Mark Johnston

Dennis P. Culhane

Universal Screening For Homelessness And Risk For Homelessness In The Veterans Health Administration, Ann Elizabeth Montgomery, Jamison D. Fargo, Thomas H. Byrne, Vincent R. Kane, Dennis P. Culhane

Dennis P. Culhane

Medicaid Home- And Community-Based Services Programs Enacted By The Aca: Expanding Opportunities One Step At A Time, Carol O'Shaughnessy

National Health Policy Forum

The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 (ACA) enacted the most significant opportunities for optional state expansion of Medicaid-financed home- and community-based services (HCBS) since 1981, when Congress enacted the section 1915(c) waiver program. Three of the ACA provisions, the Balancing Incentive Program (BIP), the Community First Choice (CFC) state plan option, and the health home state plan option, offer states enhanced federal Medicaid matching funds as long as they meet federal requirements. The ACA also expanded two HCBS programs established under the Deficit Reduction Act of 2005 (DRA) by extending the Money Follows the Person (MFP) Rebalancing …

Medicaid Home- And Community-Based Services Programs Enacted By The Aca: Expanding Opportunities One Step At A Time, Carol O'Shaughnessy

National Health Policy Forum

The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 (ACA) enacted the most significant opportunities for optional state expansion of Medicaid-financed home- and community-based services (HCBS) since 1981, when Congress enacted the section 1915(c) waiver program. Three of the ACA provisions, the Balancing Incentive Program (BIP), the Community First Choice (CFC) state plan option, and the health home state plan option, offer states enhanced federal Medicaid matching funds as long as they meet federal requirements. The ACA also expanded two HCBS programs established under the Deficit Reduction Act of 2005 (DRA) by extending the Money Follows the Person (MFP) Rebalancing …

Get The Word Out: Utilizing Traditional And Emerging Tools To Disseminate And Measure The Impact Of Your Research, Sally A. Gore

Sally A. Gore

Publishing articles and presenting at conferences are tried and true ways for promoting your research within academic and professional circles, but with changes to scholarly communications and the emergence of many new forms that allow individuals to disseminate information more freely, openly, and quickly, researchers have a host of opportunities to both promote their work to a larger audience and track the impact of their research in a more accurate manner. From article-level metrics (altmetrics) to open access publications to the use of social media, this poster gives an introduction to some of the vehicles available today, how to use …

How Medicaid Expansions And Future Community Health Center Funding Will Shape Capacity To Meet The Nation's Primary Care Needs, Leighton C. Ku, Julia Zur, Emily Jones, Peter Shin, Sara J. Rosenbaum

Geiger Gibson/RCHN Community Health Foundation Research Collaborative

A new report by Drs. L. Ku, J. Zur, E. Jones, P. Shin and S. Rosenbaum examines the impact of federal and state policy decisions on community health centers and their ability to continue providing primary care to the nation's poorest residents. The report estimates that under a worst-case scenario the nation's health centers would be forced to contract, leaving an estimated 1 million low-income people without access to health care services by 2020.

Health Care Reform: Continuing The Prostate Screening Debate; Where Does Patient Navigation Belong?, Michael Preston

Michael Preston

Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and second leading cause of cancer death in the US among men. Although overall incidence and mortality has decreased over time, disparities still exists among racial groups. Strategies to reduce disparities in cancer detection, treatment, and outcomes among racial/ethnic minorities and low-income patients have been gathering momentum with the introduction of patient navigation (PN) initiatives, supported by NIH National Cancer Institute.

Local Tobacco Control: Application Of The Essential Public Health Services Model In A County Health Department’S Efforts To Put It Out Rockland, Lisa D. Lieberman, Una Diffley, Sandy King, Shelley Chanler, Maryanne Ferrera, Oscar Alleyne, Joan Facelle

Department of Public Health Scholarship and Creative Works

In 2000, Rockland County, a small suburban county north of New York City, dedicated $1 million of its Master Settlement Agreement funds to a comprehensive tobacco control program, Put It Out Rockland. Developed and implemented by the county health department, this program used an essential public health services model and an ongoing financial investment, within the context of strong statewide tobacco control efforts, to lower adult smoking rates to 9.7% and to reduce both smoking among youths and exposure to secondhand smoke over the ensuing decade. By combining state funds and local dollars for a total of $6.75 cost per …

A Case For Refining The Who Global Strategy On Food Safety: Perspectives From India., Subbarao M Gavaravarapu, Katherine C Smith, Rajiv N Rimal

Prevention and Community Health Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Providing Pathways To Coverage: A Case-Evaluation Of The Outreach And Enrollment Model At A Federally Qualified Health Center Network In South Central Florida., Jodi Ray, Margeaux A. Chavez

Margeaux A Chavez

Objectives: Assess the outreach and enrollment strategies implemented by Florida Community Health Centers, Inc. (FCHC) to enroll eligible but not insured community members in Medicaid and other benefits programs.

Methods: Researchers conducted semi-structured interviews with 24 staff members and patients, conducted ethnographic observations, administered a short staff survey, and collected outreach related print materials for analysis. FCHC, Inc. provided enrollment numbers to compliment qualitative interview data about the program’s impact. Data were analyzed using Atlas.ti.

Results: Results suggest that FCHC’s outreach and enrollment model increases healthcare access for eligible, low-income and hard-to-reach patients in their service area who face barriers …

Providing Pathways To Coverage: A Case-Evaluation Of The Outreach And Enrollment Model At A Federally Qualified Health Center Network In South Central Florida., Florida Covering Kids & Families, Jodi Ray, Margeaux A. Chavez

Florida Covering Kids & Families

Objectives: Assess the outreach and enrollment strategies implemented by Florida Community Health Centers, Inc. (FCHC) to enroll eligible but not insured community members in Medicaid and other benefits programs.

Methods: Researchers conducted semi-structured interviews with 24 staff members and patients, conducted ethnographic observations, administered a short staff survey, and collected outreach related print materials for analysis. FCHC, Inc. provided enrollment numbers to compliment qualitative interview data about the program’s impact. Data were analyzed using Atlas.ti.

Results: Results suggest that FCHC’s outreach and enrollment model increases healthcare access for eligible, low-income and hard-to-reach patients in their service area who face barriers …

Willow: Reaching Hiv-Positive African-American Women Through A Computer-Delivered Intervention, Charles H. Klein

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

This study evaluates the efficacy of Multimedia WiLLOW in enhancing HIV-protective sexual behaviors and psychosocial outcomes among HIV-positive African American women, including condom use for vaginal and anal sex, and psychosocial mediators associated with risk reduction practices. Using a community-based randomized controlled design, 168 participants completed a baseline and follow-up assessment as well as an exit satisfaction survey. Intervention participants reported significantly higher proportions of condom protected sex acts in the past 30 days (p=.002), with both HIV-negative (p=.040) and HIV-positive (p=.003) partners. They were also more likely to report 100% condom use (OR = .10; p=.030); a lower adjusted …

Chhs November 2013 E-Newsletter, Vashon S. Wells, Editor, Dr. John Bonaguro, Dean, College Of Health & Human Services, Western Kentucky University

College of Health & Human Services Publications

No abstract provided.

The 2013 Annual Homelessness Assessment Report (Ahar) To Congress: Part 1, Point-In-Time Estimates Of Homelessness, Meghan Henry, Alvaro Cortes, Sean Morris, Jill Khadduri, Dennis P. Culhane

Dennis P. Culhane

The Reality Of Disaster: An Educational Template That Brings Community Into The Classroom, Mary T. Bouchaud Phd, Msn, Cns, Rn, Crrn, Edward H. Jasper Md

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

The Population Health Revolution, Drew Harris Dpm, Mph

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.