Agronomy and Crop Sciences Commons^™

Challenges And Opportunities For Revegetation In Areas Dominated By Invasive Annual Grasses, B. A. Mealor, J. A. Crose

IGC Proceedings (1993-2023)

Invasive annual grasses (IAG) are a primary ecological threat to sustainability and ecological integrity of rangelands in the western U.S. While availability of effective tools to control IAG is increasing, ensuring compatibility of control practices with other management practices, such as seeding desirable species, is a critical information need. We summarize a series of studies investigating influences of timing, seeding depth, species selection, and planting timing with various herbicides in sites dominated by invasive annual grasses.

Agronomic Practices To Enhance Weed Management, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Biosecurity factsheets

Some agronomic practices, such as crop choice and sequence and improving crop competition and pasture competition, can improve crop environment and growth, and the crop's ability to compete with weeds.

Cover Cropping To Improve The Sustainability Of Agronomic Production Systems, Ricardo St Aime

All Dissertations

The adoption rate of cover cropping among farmers in the Southeast is low due to the lack of knowledge regarding the suitable cover crop species and their management practices and the concerns of resource depletion for the subsequent cash crop. To generate information addressing the above knowledge gap, the present research was conducted with the following objectives: (1) to determine the optimal planting method for winter cover crops in the upstate of SC and whether it is influenced by the seeding rates (Project-1); (2) to determine suitable winter cover crops for the region based on biomass production, water use efficiency …

Economic Viability Of Weed Management Strategies In High-Tunnel Tomato, Gracie Morrison

Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences Undergraduate Honors Theses

Cost-effective weed suppression is an important consideration for tomato growers. Growers often choose methods which minimize hand labor, as hand weeding can be prohibitively expensive. This project determined economic viability of high tunnel tomatoes treated with several methods of weed control, both organic and chemical. These methods included: 2-week hand weeding, 1-week hand weeding, preemergent, straw, landscape fabric, and untreated weedy control plots. These treatments were applied to randomized blocks in a high-tunnel. Weeding, planting, and harvest were all timed to determine labor and material costs of weed management strategy implementation. After harvest, marketable yield was weighed to determine revenue. …

Winter Cover Crop Impacts On Weed Dynamics In Eastern And Central Nebraska, Elizabeth Ann Oys

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Reducing tillage in cropping systems causes weed management to be dependent on chemical and cultural methods for weed control. Over time, herbicide-resistant weeds have developed due to the continuous selection pressures from herbicides, particularly in the Midwest Corn Belt. Integrated weed management strategies, such as cover crops, can be used to mitigate some of these issues. Cover crops are primarily known for their soil health benefits, but there is evidence that cover crops can suppress weeds. However, less research has been done at the field-scale level to address cover crop impacts on the weed seedbank and aboveground weeds during the …

Preventative Weed Management Strategies In Arkansas Tomato Production, Gracie E. Morrison, Matthew Bertucci

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Cost-effective weed suppression is an important consideration for tomato growers. Growers often choose methods which minimize hand labor, as hand weeding can be prohibitively expensive. This project determined economic viability of high tunnel tomatoes treated with several methods of weed control, both organic and chemical. These methods included: 2-week hand weeding, 1-week hand weeding, preemergent herbicide application (plots sprayed with herbicide prior to weed emergence), straw mulch (plots bedded with straw), landscape fabric (plots covered in fabric), and untreated weedy control plots. These six treatments were applied to randomized blocks in a high tunnel. Weeding, planting, and harvesting were all …

2022 Western Kansas Agricultural Research Report

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Summary of research conducted at western Kansas research stations, including Hays, Garden City, Tribune, and Colby. Topics include corn, cropping and tillage systems, insect control, irrigation, management practices, weather, weed science, and wheat.

Using Cover Crops To Control Weeds And Improve Soil Health, J. Dille, A. Hewitt, G. Sassenrath

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Herbicide-resistant weeds are challenging for producers to control in crop fields. This study explores the potential of cover crops to reduce weed pressure and improve soil health. Cover crops that had good canopy development, including grasses such as ryegrass and wheat, had the best weed control. Soybean yields were similar for all cover crops, though there was a trend towards lower yields for the brassica cover crops, Graza radish and forage collards. Soybeans grown after ryegrass had the highest yields.

Optimization And Resistance Mitigation Of Dicamba And Glufosinate In Xtendflex® Crops, Grant Lawson Priess

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The commercial launch of XtendFlex® crops enabled the use of dicamba, glufosinate, and glyphosate in-season. Utilizing herbicides that target different sites of action within troublesome weeds has been a tactic proposed to mitigate the likelihood of target-site resistance evolving; however, if interactions of the herbicides are detrimental to control of weedy species the likelihood of metabolic resistance increases. The objective of this research was to: 1) optimize efficacy and economic benefits of dicamba, glufosinate, and glyphosate; 2) characterize any interactions that were observed; 3) understand the mechanisms responsible for the reductions in weed control; 4) attempt to overcome interactions that …

Control Of Acetolactate Synthase Inhibitor/Glyphosate-Resistant Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus Palmeri) In Isoxaflutole/Glufosinate/Glyphosate-Resistant Soybean, Jasmine Mausbach, Suat Irmak, Debalin Sarangi, John L. Lindquist, Amit J. Jhala

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Palmer amaranth is the most problematic and troublesome weed in agronomic cropping systems in the United States. Acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor and glyphosate-resistant (GR) Palmer amaranth has been confirmed in Nebraska and it is widespread in several counties. Soybean resistant to isoxaflutole/glufosinate/glyphosate has been developed that provides additional herbicide site of action for control of herbicide-resistant weeds. The objectives of this study were to evaluate herbicide programs for control of ALS inhibitor/GR Palmer amaranth and their effect on Palmer amaranth density and biomass, as well as soybean injury and yield in isoxaflutole/glufosinate/glyphosate-resistant soybean. Field experiments were conducted in a grower's …

Using Cover Crops To Suppress Weeds And Improve Soil Health, J. A. Dille, L. I. Chism, G. F. Sassenrath

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Herbicide-resistant weeds are creating challenges for producers to control weeds in crop fields. This study explores the potential of cover crops to reduce weed pressure and im­prove soil health. Cover crops were planted after corn harvest in tilled and no-till fields, and included Graza radish, winter wheat, annual ryegrass, spring oats, winter oats, and forage collards. The control was fallow with herbicide application but no cover crop. Soil health was determined prior to cover crop termination. Graza radish and forage collards did not grow consistently in all plots due to poor germination and winter kill. Significant weed biomass was produced …

Abrasive Weeding As A Vehicle For Precision Fertilizer Management In Organic Vegetable Production, Tran Kim Ngan Luong, Frank Forcella, Sharon Clay, Michael S. Douglass, Samuel E. Wortman

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Abrasive weeding is a nonchemical weed control tactic that uses small, gritty materials propelled with compressed air to destroy weed seedlings. Organic fertilizers have been used successfully as abrasive grits to control weeds, but the goal for this study was to explore the effects of fertilizer grit, application rates, and background soil fertility on weeds, plant available nitrogen (N) uptake, and crop yield. Field trials were conducted in organic ‘Carmen’ sweet red pepper (Capsicum annuum) and organic ‘Gypsy’ broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) and treatments included organic fertilizer grit (8N–0.9P–3.3K vs. 3N–3.1P–3.3K), grit application rates (low …

Control Of Volunteer Corn In Enlist Corn And Economics Of Herbicide Programs For Weed Control In Conventional And Multiple Herbicide-Resistant Soybean Across Nebraska, Adam M. Striegel

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

With commercialization of multiple herbicide-resistant corn and soybean cultivars, producers have new management options for controlling herbicide-resistant weeds and volunteer corn. Corn-on-corn production systems are common in irrigated fields in southcentral Nebraska which can create issues with volunteer corn management in corn fields. Enlist corn contains a new multiple herbicide-resistant trait providing resistance to 2,4-D choline, glyphosate, and the aryloxyphenoxypropionate (FOPs). Field experiments were conducted in 2018 and 2019 at South Central Agricultural Laboratory near Clay Center, Nebraska with the objective to evaluate ACCase-inhibiting herbicides and herbicide application timing on volunteer corn control, Enlist corn injury, and yield. Glyphosate/glufosinate-resistant corn …

Weed Management And Soybean Yields As Influenced By Row Width And Post-Emergent Herbicide Application Timing, S. R. Duncan, E. A. Adee

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Irrigated soybeans were grown in 2018 and 2019 at the Kansas River Valley Experi­ment Field near Rossville, KS. Soybeans were planted in 30-inch or 15-inch rows and a standard pre-emergent herbicide was applied. Planting dates were May 11 and June 4 in 2018 and 2019, respectively. The post-emergent herbicide was applied at approxi­mately 21 or 35 days following soybean planting (DAP). Weed control and crop injury were visually evaluated approximately every seven days following herbicide application. Yields, moisture, and test weights were calculated from the center two rows in 30-inch plots and four rows in 15-inch plots after combine harvest. …

Use Of Harvest Weed Seed Control Strategies In Arkansas Soybean, Jeremy Kyle Green

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Today, most growers use chemical weed management programs; however, a sole reliance on herbicides will place more resistance selection pressure on the weeds to which the herbicide is being applied. As herbicide resistance continues to grow and rob growers of yield, alternative weed control options are being sought to create complex integrated weed management programs to prolong the use of effective herbicides. Harvest weed seed control (HWSC) is a non-chemical practice that has been widely adopted in Australia due to herbicide resistance problems. In most cases, herbicide-resistant weeds that survive applications of herbicides produce viable seed that pass through the …

Kansas Field Research 2019

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Research from Kansas State University experiment fields on crop varieties, tillage, irrigation, weed management, and fertilizers.

Overlapping Residual Herbicides For Control Of Photosystem (Ps) Ii- And 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate Dioxygenase (Hppd)-Inhibitor-Resistant Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus Palmeri S. Watson) In Glyphosate-Resistant Maize, Parminder S. Chahal, Zahoor Ahmad Ganie, Amit J. Jhala

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

A Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson) biotype has evolved resistance to photosystem (PS) II- (atrazine) and 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD)-inhibiting herbicides (mesotrione, tembotrione, and topramezone) in maize seed production field in Nebraska, USA. The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of soil residual pre-emergence (PRE) herbicides followed by (fb) tank-mixture of residual and foliar active post-emergence (POST) herbicides on PS-II- and HPPD-inhibitor-resistant Palmer amaranth control, maize yield, and net economic returns. Field experiments were conducted in a grower’s field infested with PS II- and HPPD-inhibitor-resistant Palmer amaranth near Shickley in Fillmore County, Nebraska, USA in 2015 …

The Biology And Management Of Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus Palmeri S. Wats) In Indiana, Douglas J. Spaunhorst

Open Access Dissertations

Palmer amaranth is a pernicious summer annual weed that has evolved resistance to six herbicide sites of action in the U.S. and threatens agriculture production. In 2011, Palmer amaranth was identified in flood plains in two southern Indiana counties (Posey and Vanderburgh). Determining if Palmer amaranth can survive and reproduce in northern Indiana may provide insight if this weed will be problematic for northern row crop producers. The objectives of our research were to identify fields containing Palmer amaranth and determine the distribution of herbicide resistance traits in Indiana; determine the influence of tillage frequency and tillage intervals on Palmer …

The Value Of Break Crops In Weed Management, Wayne Parker, Ian Pritchard, Abul Hashem

Bulletins 4000 -

This publication discusses the effect on weed management of the inclusion of break crops (lupin, field pea, chickpea, faba bean, lentil and canola) in the cropping rotation compared to a rotation of continuous cereals.

Including break crops in the cropping rotation allows weed management options unavailable or not suited in wheat. For example, growing field peas allows crop-topping/ desiccation for weed seed set control, crop topping cannot be used in wheat without severe yield loss. Problem weeds can be targeted through break crops, for example, grass weeds are generally more easily controlled in break crops than in cereals. Most weed …

Herbicide, Salinity, And Flooding Tolerance Of Foxtail Barley (Hordeum Jubatum L.) And Desirable Pasture Grasses, Karl R. Israelsen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Research trials performed in the greenhouse compared the tolerance and response of Hordeum jubatum and desirable pasture grass species to herbicides, salinity, and flooding. Desirable grass species used in this study included: 'Fawn' tall fescue (Festuca arundinaceae), 'Garrison' creeping foxtail (Alopecurus arundinaceus), 'Palaton' reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea), 'Climax' timothy (Phleum pratense), 'Alkar' tall wheatgrass (Thinopyrum ponticum), 'Potomac' orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata), and 'Mustang' altai wildrye (Leymus angustus). Tolerance to herbicides, salinity, and flooding varied significantly among grass species. Herbicide tolerance was tested using four herbicides at five …

Impact Of Weed Management Practices On Grapevine Growth, Yield Components, Plant And Arthropod Abundance, And Carabid Seed Predation In Paso Robles Vineyard, Paolo Sanguankeo

Master's Theses

In the Central Coast of California, USA, wine grape growers are making efforts to identify weed control practices that promote biodiversity in their vineyards while maintaining yields. A field study was conducted in Paso Robles, CA in 2006 and 2007 evaluating the effect on Zinfandel grape-vine growth and production, groundcover plant, and ground dwelling arthropod communities of five weed control practices: 1) flumioxazin, 2) simazine, 3) cultivation, 4) cover crop, and 5) untreated control.

The herbicide treatments had the lowest weed biomass followed by the cultivation, being approximately 10 and 2 times lower than the weed biomass of either the …

Crop Updates 2007 - Lupins, Pulses And Oilseeds, Mark Seymour, Jacinta Falconer, Ian Pritchard, Rodger Beermier, Wayne Parker, Martin Harries, Kedar Adhikari, Geoff Thomas, Peter White, Bevan Burichell, Mike Baker, Bob French, Jo Walker, Laurie Maiolo, Leigh Smith, Mark Sweetingham, Lorne Mills, Harmohinder Dhammu, Ben Tang, Qifu Ma, Zed Rengel, Bill Bowden, Ross Brennan, Reg Lunt, Tim Hilder, Tim Maling, A. Diggle, D. Thackray, R. A.C. Jones, K. H.M. Siddique, Vijay Jayasena, Leonardus Kardono, Ken Quail, Ranil Coorey, Hannah Williams, Don Elani Jayawardena, Kerry Regan, Rod Hunter, Tanveer Khan, Jenny Garlinge, Heather Clarke, W. Macleod, S. Morgan, A. Harris, Alan Meldrum, Helen Bowers, A. Bakr, Phillip Chambers, Chris Veitch, Tony Leonforte, Pam Burgess, Leanne Young, Brenda Coutts, Donna O'Keefe, Rhonda Pearce, Monica Kehoe, Terri Jasper, Tim Pope, Michael Materne, Ping Si, Mike Walsh, H. H. T. Phan, S. R. Ellwood, J. Hane, A. Williams, R. Ford, S. Thomas, R. Oliver, Katie Robinson, Mohammad Amjad, Graham Walton, Pat Fels, Andy Sutherland, Imma Farre, Michael Robertson, Senthold Asseng3, Ravjit Khangura, Moin Salam

Crop Updates

This session covers forty eight papers from different authors:

2006 REGIONAL ROUNDUP

1. South east agricultural region, Mark Seymour¹ and Jacinta Falconer², ¹Department of Agriculture and Food, ²Cooperative Bulk Handling Group

2. Central agricultural region, Ian Pritchard, Department of Agriculture and Food

3. Great Southern and Lakes region, Rodger Beermier, Department of Agriculture and Food

4. Northern agricultural region, Wayne Parker and Martin Harries, Department of Agriculture and Food

LUPINS

5. Development of anthracnose resistant and early flowering albus lupins (Lupinus albus L) in Western Australia, Kedar Adhikari and Geoff Thomas, Department of …

Crop Updates 2006 - Katanning, David Stephens, Michael Meuleners, Meredith Fairbanks, Thomas Schulz, T. J. Flowers, T. D. Colmer, Narelle Simpson, Ron Mctaggart, Wal Anderson, Lionel Martin, Dave Allen, Brenda Shackley, Raj Malik, Kelly Winfield, Rodger Beermier, Shahahan Miyan, Abul Hashem, Shahab Pathan, Vikki Osten, Alex Douglas, Garren Knell, Steve Curtin, Wade Longmuir, Henry Brockman, Justin Hardy, Arjen Ryder, John Paul Collins, Jessica Johns, John Pepall, Allan Herbert

Crop Updates

This session covers sixteen papers from different authors

1. 2006 SEASONAL OUTLOOK, David Stephens and Michael Meuleners, Department of Agriculture

2. Review of climate model summaries reported in the Department of Agriculture’s growing season outlooks, Meredith Fairbanks, Department of Agriculture

3. Farmers commodity outlook 2006, Thomas Schulz, Department of Agriculture

4. Why is salinity such a difficult problem for plant breeders? T J Flowers, TD Colmer, University of Western Australia

5. Matching nitrogen supply to wheat demand in 2005, Narelle Simpson, Ron McTaggart, Wal Anderson, Lionel Martin and Dave Allen, Department of Agriculture

6. Wheat varieties in 2006, Brenda Shackley, …

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Crop Updates - 2003 Lupins, Mark Sweetingham, Bevan J. Buirchell, Geoff Thomas, Amelia Mclarty, Harmohinder Dhammu, Martin Harries, Wayne Parker, Terry Piper, David Nicholson, Jairo Palta, Neil C. Turner, Bob French, Kedar Adhikari, Katia Stefanova, Françoise Berlandier, Glen Riethmuller, Paul Blackwell, Geoff Fosbery, Bill Crabtree, Tracy Gilham, Laurie Wahlsten, Pierre Fievez, Mike Collins, John Holmes, Dirranie Kirby, Ken Adcock, Roger Jones, Rohan Prince, Stuart Johnson, Ramon Hall, Madeleine Ball, Sofia Sipas, David Petterson

Crop Updates

This session covers twenty one papers from different authors

LUPIN ISSUES AND R & D DIRECTIONS

1. Mark Sweetingham, Department of Agriculture

   ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

   VARIETIES AND BREEDING

2. New lupin line for release – WALAN2141, Bevan J, Buirchell, Mark Sweetingham, Geoff Thomas, Amelia McLarty, Harmohinder Dhammu and CVT and Lupin Breeding teams, Department of Agriculture

3. Lupin variety trial, Martin Harries and Wayne Parker, Department of Agriculture

4. Herbicide tolerance of new lupins, Harmohinder S. Dhammu, Terry Piper and David Nicholson, Department of Agriculture

   YELLOW AND ALBUS LUPINS

5. Selection for high lupin yield under terminal drought, Jairo A. Palta^1&2, Neil …

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Crop Updates 2002 - Weeds, Vanessa Stewart, Peter Newman, Glenn Adam, Andrew Blake, Natalie Lauritsen, Sally Peltzer, Paul Matson, Nerys Wilkins, David Minkey, Glen Riethmuller, Tim Cusack, Kathryn Steadman, Pippa Michael, Paul Blackwell, Dave Brindal, Michael Walsh, Wayne Parker, Clinton Revell, Giles Glasson, Dean Thomas, Alister Draper, Bill Roy, Marta Monjardin, David Pannell, Stephen Powles, Robert Barrett-Lennard, Martin Bent, Paul Neve, Art Diggle, Patrick Smith, Mechelle Owen, Abul Hashem, Christopher Preston, Tracey Gillam, Rick Llewellyn, Richard Quinlan, Aik Cheam, Siew Lee, Mike Clarke, David Nicholson, Harmoohinder S. Dhammu, Terry Piper, Chad Sayer, Ian Rose, Andrew Blake, Jerome Critch, Gordon R. Cumming, Sam Taylor, John Moore, Rosyln Jettner, Stuart Bee, Lionel Martin, Keith Devenish, Felicity Flugge, Amir Abadi, Duncan Peter, Stuart Mcalpine

Crop Updates

This session covers fifty eight papers from different authors:

1. INTRODUCTION Vanessa Stewart, DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

INTEGRATED WEED MANAGEMENT

IWM system studies / demonstration sites

2. Major outcomes from IWM demonstration sites, Alexandra Douglas Department of Agriculture

3. Integrated weed management: Katanning, Alexandra Douglas Department of Agriculture

4. Integrated weed management: Merredin, Vanessa Stewart Department of Agriculture

5. Long term resistance site: Get ryegrass numbers low and keep them low! Peter Newman and Glen Adams Department of Agriculture

6. Using pastures to manage ryegrass populations, Andrew Blake and Natalie Lauritsen Department of Agriculture

Weed biology and competition

7. …

Crop Updates 2000 - Weeds, Vanessa Stewart, David Minkey, Abul Hashem, Glen Riethmuller, Martin Harries, Peter Newman, Cameron Weeks, Harmohinder S. Dhammu, Aik Cheam, David Bowran, Terry Piper, Alexandra Wallace, Bill Roy, Keith L. Devenish, Lisa J. Leaver, Brad Rayner, Mike Collins, Marta Monardino, David Pannell, Stephen Powles, Sally Peltzer, Michael Walsh, Charles Boyle, P. Neve, D. Lorraine-Colwill, C. Preston, Art Diggle, Rick Llewellyn, Ryan Duane, Siew Lee, David Nicholson, Peter Carlton, Stewart Smith, Bill Crabtree, Gordon Cumming, David Cameron, Mike Jackson, Scott Paton, John R. Peirce, Greg Shea

Crop Updates

This session covers thirty six papers from different authors:

INTRODUCTION, Vanessa Stewart Agriculture Western Australia

INTEGRATED WEED MANAGEMENT

1. Effect of seeding density, row spacing and Trifluralin on the competitive ability of Annual Ryegrass in a minimum tillage system, David Minkey, Abul Hashem, Glen Riethmuller and Martin Harries, Agriculture Western Australia

2. High wheat seeding rates coupled with narrow row spacing increases yield and suppresses grass, Peter Newman¹ and Cameron Weeks²,¹Agronomist, Elders Limited ²Mingenew/Irwin Group

3. Resistant ryegrass management in a wheat – lupin rotation, Abul Hashem, Harmohinder S. Dhammu, Aik Cheam, David Bowran and …

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