Pharmacology, Toxicology and Environmental Health Commons^™

Reactions Of Organic N-Chloramines In The Gastric Fluid Of The Rat, Kathryn E. Mazina

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations

Using chlorine as a drinking water disinfectant may have potential health effects due to its reactivity with organic amino nitrogen compounds found in the stomach. Organic N-chloramines have been shown to form in the stomachs of laboratory rats. The possible reactions of N-chloramines in the stomach fluid were examined in this study using a model radiolabeled N-chloramine. ³⁶Cl-N-Chloropiperidine, was synthesized and purified to remove ³⁶Cl-chloride. Stomach fluid was obtained from Sprague-Dawley rats which had been first fasted for 24 or 48 hours and then administered 3 mL of deionized water. Different concentrations of radiolabeled chloramine were reacted with …

Indicators Of Microbial Activity In Biological Treatment Of Hazardous Wastes, Alexander Mclean Sherrin

Theses

Three methods were used to measure the activity of mixed liquor from the Livingston, N.J. municipal wastewater treatment plant on exposure to phenol. The three methods were, substrate removal rate (SRR), dissolved oxygen uptake rate (DOUR), and the dye reduction rate (DRR). Parameters from each test were compared for reproducibility and ease of determination. The SRR test gave the most reproducible results, while the DOUR test was the least reproducible. Although the reproducibility of the DRR test was close to that of the SRR test, the DRR was more time consuming and required a greater degree of expertise and training. …

The Sunlight Effect On Trace Pollutants In Wastewater, Alan R. Sheu

Theses

In order to study the sunlight effect on the degradation rate of trace pollutants, ortho-cresol was selected to serve as a model compound in our studies. Solution of ortho-cresol alone, methylene blue alone, and the mixture of ortho-cresol and methylene blue were exposed to sunlight for more than four hours and aliquots analyzed with a spectrophotometer in order to follow the changes in absorption. Rate data were obtained for these three cases as a function of pH.

The results indicate that methylene blue does catalyze the degradation of ortho-cresol in the presence of sunlight with lower pH's affording higher reaction …

Lung Paraquat Content And Effects On The Lung Glutathione Antioxidant System, Nadph, And Polyamines Resulting From Intravenous Coinfusion Of Paraquat And Putrescine To Rats, Jacob R. Dunbar

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Paraquat was administered to male, Sprague-Dawley rats via continous infusion, at dosage rates of 250 (LoPQ) or 500 (HiPQ) nmoles/hr for seven days. The purpose was to characterize the effects of prolonged, low blood levels of the herbicide on selected lung biochemical parameters. The efficacy of putrescine as an inhibitor of pulmonary paraquat accumulation, in vivo, was assessed in these animals by I.V. coinfusion of 2500 or 5000 nmoles putrescine/hr. Dose-dependent levels of both paraquat and putrescine were achieved by 18 hours and were maintained throughout the exposure period. Terminal lung paraquat content was also dose-dependent and up to 18-fold …

Reaction Of 2,2,6-Trimethyl-1,3-Dioxin-4-One With Isocyanate Derivatives And The Synthesis Of 2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-Acetyl-Dglucopyranosyl Phenyl Carbodiimide, Tung Van Le

Masters Theses

This research was undertaken to study the synthesis and reactions of isocyanates with diketenes, the synthesis of glycosyl carbodiimide.

The 1,3-oxazine-2,4-dione compounds could be useful in the medicinal chemistry field and the agricultural field, the research using glycosyl carbodiimide as a synthon shows great promise for the medicinal chemistry field.

Maine Acid Rain Study : Reports, Maine Department Of Environmental Protection

Maine Collection

Maine Acid Rain Study : Reports

Maine Department of Environmental Protection, Augusta, Maine (February, 1987).

Contents: Acid Rain Precursor Inventory and Evaluation / Modeled Sulfur Deposition in Maine / High Elevation Lake Monitoring in Maine

Steady-State Operation Of Bench-Scale Activated Sludge Process Using Phenol And 2-Chlorophenol As Substrates, Jeffrey Richard Caputi

Theses

Experiments were conducted to determine whether a continuous process similar to the common activated sludge process could be operated at a relative steady state with phenol and 2-chlorophenol as the sole carbon sources. After a number of unsuccessful trials, process conditions were developed which allowed for operation at a relative steady state with respect to the concentration of microorganisms in the reactor and the concentration of phenol and 2-chlorophenol in the effluent.

Phenol and 2-chlorophenol were removed at better than 99 percent efficiency on a continuous basis. The mixed liquor grown under the conditions of the experiment was highly filamentous …

Histopathological Analyses Of Tissue Sections Of The Eyes Of Indigenous Species Of Marine/Estuarine And Estuarine Fish, Willliam J. Hargis Jr.

Reports

The Elizabeth River is the most heavily settled and industrialized major subestuary in Virginia's Chesapeake System. Under increasing use and development since around 1610, its' waters have been exposed to all types of domestic, agricultural, military and industrial contaminants. ....Its sediments are contaminated by heavy metals, PAHs and all other introduced materials that accumulate and are stored there, with or without chemical transformation.... Collection of fish began in the Elizabeth River in the summer of 1982.

The Anticoagulant, Antiprotease And Antithrombotic Actions Of Various Heparin Fractions, R. Martin Emanuele

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Fish Acute Toxicity Syndromes And Their Use In The Qsar Approach To Hazard Assessment, Steven P. Bradbury, James M. Mckim, Gerald J. Niemi

Steven P. Bradbury

Implementation of the Toxic Substances Control Act of 1977 creates the need to reliably establish testing priorities because laboratory resources are limited and the number of industrial chemicals requiring evaluation is overwhelming. The use of quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) models as rapid and predictive screening tools to select more potentially hazardous chemicals for in-depth laboratory evaluation has been proposed. Further implementation and refinement of quantitative structure-toxicity relationships in aquatic toxicology and hazard assessment requires the development of a "mode-of-action" database. With such a database, a qualitative structure-activity relationship can be formulated to assign the proper mode of action, and …

Physiological Response Of Rainbow Trout (Salmo Gairdneri) To Acute Fenvalerate Lntoxication, Steven P. Bradbury, James M. Mckim, Joel R. Coats

Steven P. Bradbury

The physiological responses of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) to fenvalerate intoxication during aqueous exposure were examined to provide information about the pyrethroid mode of action in fish. Trout (n = 4) were exposed to 412 ± 50 μg/liter fenvalerate and died in 10.9 ± 1.5 hr. Brain, liver, and carcass fenvalerate concentrations associated with mortality were 0.16 ± 0.05, 3.62 ± 0.57, and 0.25 ± 0.05 mg/kg, respectively. Visible signs of intoxication included elevated cough rate, tremors, and seizures. Histopathological examination of gill tissue showed damage consistent with irritation. An evaluation of respiratory-cardiovascular and blood chemistry responses indicated an elevated …

Cyanogenic Plants Of Illinois, Kevin E. Aikman

Masters Theses

Cyanogenesis in 50 species of vascular plants collected from east central Illinois was studied by examining 10 populations of each species. Each population consisted of 30 individuals, which gave an over all sample size of 300 plants per species. Herbarium specimens from the Stover Herbarium of Eastern Illinois University (EIU) were also tested for the presence of cyanide. More than 20,000 specimens were tested for this study which included cultivated plants, introduced weeds, and native plant species. The speed and degree of the HCN reaction as well as the specific plant part tested were included to give a more specific …

The Effects Of Xanthine Analogs On Neonatal Rat And Adult Mouse Respiration, Susan M. Reynolds

Masters Theses

Apnea, a prolonged cessation of breathing, is commonly seen in premature infants. This condition, in its severest form, can be lethal and is a suspected cause of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Sometimes referred to as apnea of prematurity, recurrent apnea is presently being treated with respiratory stimulants known as methylxanthines (MX) such as theophylline and caffeine. The benefits of MXs are accompanied by central nervous system stimulation and cardiostimulation which may be detrimental to a premature infant. Theophylline (1,3-diMX) has been shown to produce some of its effects by antagonizing endogenous adenosine. Another xanthine, enprofylline (3-propylxanthine), is presently being …

การเสื่อมพิษโดยขบวนการทางชีวภาพ ในสิ่งแวดล้อมทะเล, พาลาภ สิงหเสนี

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

No abstract provided.

Analysis Of Cimetidine Kinetics After Intravenous Administration Using Noncompartmental Methods(การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูลจลนศาสตร์ของยาฉีด เข้าหลอดเลือดดำไช..., Uthai Suvanakoot

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

The noncompartmental method was used to analyze the kinetics of cimetidine after a bolus intravenous injection. Results obtained were satisfactory. This is demonstrated by comparing the analytical ability of the method with that of the conventional two c...

กากใยอาหาร : บทบาทต่อฮอร์โมน, อรอนงค์ กังสดาลอำไพ

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

No abstract provided.

บริการข้อมูลสารกำจัดศัตรูพืช ดัชนีสารกำจัดศัตรูพืช ที่ใช้ทางการเกษตรระดับภูมิภาคของ Arsap/Ci..., พาลาภ สิงหเสนี

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

No abstract provided.

ยาปฏิชีวนะ กลุ่ม Fluorinated Quinolones, สุกัญญา เจษฎานนท์

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

ยากลุ่มควิโนโลน (quinolones) ชึ่งมีสูตรโครงสร้างทางเคมีสัมพันธ์กับ nalidixic acid ออกฤทธิ์ ได้เร็วและมีฤท...

ถามมา-ตอบไป, สุกัญญา เจษฎานนท์

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

No abstract provided.

ลับสมอง, วราภรณ์ สุวกูล

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

No abstract provided.

ประมวลบทคัดย่อ, กิตฅิศักดิ์ ลิขิตวิทยาวุฒิ, อรอนงค์ กังสดาลอำไพ, อารีรัตน์ ลออปักษา

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

No abstract provided.

วิตามิน ตอนที่ 4 วิตามินบี, อรอนงค์ กังสดาลอำไพ

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

No abstract provided.

ผลตามหลังการใช้ยาปฏิชีวนะ (The Postantibiotic Effect), สุกัญญา เจษฎานนท์

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

No abstract provided.

อาการไม่พึงประสงค์จากยา, สุกัญญา เจษฎานนท์

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

No abstract provided.

วิตามิน ตอนที่ 6 ไรโบฟลาวิน, อรอนงค์ กังสดาลอำไพ

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

No abstract provided.

Molecular Determinants For Cannabinoid Activity: Refinement Of A Molecular Reactivity Template, Patricia H. Reggio

Faculty and Research Publications

The conformation of the active cannabinoid Δ9-THC (I) as detd. by mol. reactivity characteristics was compared to that of the inactive compd. O-methyl-Δ9-THC (II). II was not able to mimic the conformation II of I in which the lone pairs of the phenol O are directed away from ring A. The relation of these results to the biol. activity of I is discussed. Other aspects of the conformation of cannabinoids are reviewed in relation to their biol. activity.

Neuroendocrine Regulation Of Renin Secretion, Janice Urban

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

An Inventory And Condition Survey Of Rangelands In The Carnarvon Basin, Western Australia, A L. Payne, G F. Spencer, P J. Curry

Technical Bulletins

The inventory and condition survey of rangelands in the Carnarvon Basin, undertaken by the Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia (DAFWA) between 1980 and 1982, describes and maps the natural resources of the region’s pastoral leasehold land. This survey report provides a baseline record of the existence and condition of the natural area’s resources, to assist with the planning and implementation of land management practices. The report identified and described the condition of soils, landforms, vegetation, habitat, ecosystems, and declared plants and animals. It also assessed the impact of pastoralism and made land management recommendations. The area surveyed covers …

Cytogenetic Effects Of Ceylon Cinnamon(ผลของอบเชยเทศต่อพันธุกรรมของเซลล์), Dhawut Kanobdee, Malyn U. Chulasiri

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Cytogenetic effects of Ceylon cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum Neesy were evaluated in mouse bone marrow cells in vivo and human leukocytes in vitro. Mice with intraperitoneal injection of Ceylon cinnamon showed breaks, acentrics, dicentrics, rings and si...

ประมวลบทคัดย่อ, N/A

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

No abstract provided.