Nutrition Commons^™

Pengaruh Tambahan Asupan Kalium Dari Diet Terhadap Penurunan Hipertensi Sistolik Tingkat Sedang Pada Lanjut Usia, Yuli Amran, Febrianti Febrianti, Lies Irawanti

Kesmas

Hipertensi adalah salah satu penyebab kematian utama di dunia dengan mortalitas akibat hipertensi sistolik 2,5 kali lipat lebih besar daripada mortalitas akibat hipertensi diastolik. Hipertensi yang tidak diobati menyebabkan komplikasi pada beberapa target organ seperti jantung, mata, ginjal, dan otak, sementara pengobatan hipertensi termasuk pengendalian diet harus dilakukan secara berkesinambungan sepanjang hidup. Guna menurunkan kasus-kasus hipertensi, suatu penelitian kuasi eksperimen dengan rancangan rangkaian waktu telah dilakukan di Panti Werdha Islamic Village Tangerang, Provinsi Banten, untuk mengamati pengaruh tambahan asupan kalium dalam diet terhadap penurunan tekanan darah sistolik. Buah-buahan yang lebih banyak ditambahkan ke dalam diet harian untuk 12 orang lanjut …

Genetic And Genomic Analysis Of Hyperlipidemia, Obesity And Diabetes Using (C57bl/6j × Tallyho/Jngj) F2 Mice, Taryn P. Stewart, Hyoung Y. Kim, Arnold M. Saxton, Jung H. Kim

Nutrition Publications and Other Works

Background

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is the most common form of diabetes in humans and is closely associated with dyslipidemia and obesity that magnifies the mortality and morbidity related to T2D. The genetic contribution to human T2D and related metabolic disorders is evident, and mostly follows polygenic inheritance. The TALLYHO/JngJ (TH) mice are a polygenic model for T2D characterized by obesity, hyperinsulinemia, impaired glucose uptake and tolerance, hyperlipidemia, and hyperglycemia.

Results

In order to determine the genetic factors that contribute to these T2D related characteristics in TH mice, we interbred TH mice with C57BL/6J (B6) mice. The parental, F1, and …

Serum Vitamin Concentrations Are Associated With Metabolic Syndrome And Insulin Resistance In Us Children, Nida I. Shaikh

Nutrition Theses

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is a concern in the US. Association between vitamin D status and metabolic syndrome (MetS), insulin resistance (IR), and inflammation is unclear in children. Objective: The relationship between serum vitamin D and MetS, C-reactive protein (CRP), and Homeostatic Model Assessment-IR (HOMA-IR) was investigated. Design: Data from 3 cycles of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001-2006 for 3700 (1820, boys; 1880, girls) children and adolescents, aged 12-17 y were used to assess prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng>/mL) and association between serum vitamin D and prevalence of MetS, various components of MetS, CRP, and HOMA-IR …

Food Store Audits: Examining Food Price, Availability, And Quailty, Before And After Relocation Of Public Housing Residents, Anjenique Anderson

Nutrition Theses

In an effort to deconcentrate poverty, Atlanta is attempting to become the first city in the U.S. to completely eliminate public housing by relocating ≈ 10,000 residents. Research has shown that the health status of public housing residents is worse than any other population. Evidence also suggests that there is an inverse relationship between neighborhood availability of healthy, affordable foods and diet intake. The aim of this study was to compare the price, availability, and quality of food items in the public housing residents’ communities, before and after relocation. Using Nutrition Environment Measures Survey (NEMS), a total of 42 food …

The Effectiveness Of A Short Food Frequency Questionnaire In Determining The Adequacy Of Vitamin D Intake In Children, Caitlin Russell

Nutrition Theses

Background: Studies have consistently found a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in adolescents. Few validated dietary intake assessment tools for vitamin D exist for adolescents.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine if a short food frequency questionnaire (SFFQ) can be used to effectively assess vitamin D intake in adolescents compared to a previously validated long food frequency questionnaire (LFFQ).

Participants/setting: 140 healthy 6-12 year old (male n=81) Caucasian and African American (n=94) children from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania completed a SFFQ and LFFQ at two time points 6 months apart.

Main outcome measures: Reliability and validity of a …

The Effects Of Chronic Ampk Activation On Hepatic Triglyceride Accumulation And Glycerol-3-Phosphate Acyltransferaseactivity With High Fat Feeding, Mary E. Curtis

Theses and Dissertations

High fat feeding increases hepatic fat accumulation and is associated with hepatic insulin resistance. AMP Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) is thought to inhibit lipid synthesis by the acute inhibition of glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT) activity and transcriptional regulation via SREBP-1c. The purpose of this study was to determine if chronic activation of AMPK prevented an increase in GPAT1 activity in rats fed a high fat diet. Rats were fed a control (C), or a high fat (HF) diet (60% fat) for 6 weeks and injected with saline or a daily AICAR dose of 0.5 mg/g body weight. Chronic AMPK activation by …

Mechanisms Associated With The Chemotherapeutic Effects Of Zyflamend, A Multi-Herbal Extract, On Advanced Prostate Cancer, E-Chu Huang

Doctoral Dissertations

Advanced prostate cancer (PrC) is the second leading cause of death from cancer in US males. Advanced PrC cells are initially androgen-sensitive and thus androgen ablation therapy causes tumors to undergo regression and fall into a remission phase where residual cells remain dormant while androgen levels remain very low. Unfortunately, this phase usually lasts 3 to 5 years prior to tumor relapse, where the tumor cells re-grow in the absence of androgens. This form of the disease is aggressive and invariably fatal. In this study, we investigated the effects of a combination of herbal extracts on various stages of PrC, …

Fighting Fatigue, Winston J. Craig

Lake Union Herald

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Three Emulsion Compositions On Taste Thresholds And Intensity Ratings Of Five Taste Compounds, J. E. Thurgood, Silvana Martini

Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

This study assessed the effects of three emulsified systems on taste thresholds and the near-threshold taste intensities of the five tastes (sweet, sour, salty, bitter and umami). Emulsions were formulated with different lipid chemical compositions. Lipid addition in an emulsified form significantly increased thresholds for sour and bitter tastes produced by citric acid and quinine hydrochloride, respectively. No significant differences were found in the threshold levels in emulsions formulated with different lipids for the five tastes evaluated. In general, for the same tastant concentration, taste intensities for sour and bitter tastes were lower in emulsions compared with the aqueous solutions, …

4-H Fun With Foods - Lesson 3: Cookies: Drop & Bar, Georgia C. Lauritzen, Darlene Christensen, Susan Haws, Naomi Weeks, Debra Proctor, Ronda Olsen

All Current Publications

This publication is part of 4-H Fun with Foods Guide, Lesson 3 provides recipes and instructions to make drop and bar cookies.

Measuring Menu Performance By Plate Waste Analysis: An Evaluation Of An Acute Care Facility's Spoken Word Liberalized Menu, Megan Sargeant

All Theses

The Bon Secours St. Francis Downtown Hospital has recently changed their menus to offer meals in which the entrŽes are liberalized when possible. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of a newly introduced menu cycle in an acute-care facility foodservice system featuring a spoken word liberalized menu. Plate waste analysis was done by weighed measurements, using visual measurements when absolutes were observed (all or none). Performance of the menu was assessed with weighed plate waste analysis to determine weight of food consumed, energy consumed, and cost of food wasted. Meal consumption averaged 56% of the meal …

Dutch Oven Cooking, Susan Haws

All Current Publications

This is a how-to publication on dutch oven cooking details.

Farmers' Markets In Kentucky: A Geospatial, Statistical, And Cultural Analysis, Elizabeth Ann Schmitz

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

To assess what factors are driving the exponential growth of farmers’ markets in Kentucky, geospatial and statistical analysis of a database of 121 farmers’ markets was conducted. A statewide survey of market leaders and a case study of a single farmers’ market both identified reasons for growing support of farmers’ markets in Kentucky.

Market distribution, vendor levels, and gross sales were mapped against a backdrop of county urban classification, median household income, and education levels. Kruskal-Wallace analysis was used to identify if Kentucky’s rural, micropolitan, and metropolitan markets differ significantly in terms of their age, number of vendors, and market …

The Effects Of Carbohydrate, Protein, And Carbohydrate With Protein Solutions On 200-Meter Sprint Speed, Denice A. Vance

Nutrition Theses

Purpose: To investigate the differential effects of solutions providing varying concentrations of carbohydrate and/or protein ingested between 200-meter sprints on sprint time. Subjects: Recruitment was from the Georgia State University track and field team. Methods: The study protocol was approved by the Georgia State University IRB. Ten subjects, 18 to 21 years of age, consented to be included in the study. Nine subjects (7 females; 2 males) completed trial 1, six subjects (5 females; 1 male) completed trial 2, and three subjects (2 females; 1 male) completed the final trial. Each trial consisted of a 200-meter sprint followed by the …

Halftime Hydration And Snacking Practices In Collegiate And Professional Basketball And Football Players, Desiree L. Nathanson

Nutrition Theses

Background: Sustaining a hydration state and energy status during competition is important for athletes, yet there is no current evidence in the literature that halftime hydration and snacking practices of basketball and football players have been assessed. Under ideal circumstances, proper hydration and food consumption practices should be followed by basketball and football players before, during and after practices and competitions because both sports involve fast rate of energy utilization with a concomitant increase in sweat production.

Objectives: This study aimed to improve our understanding of the halftime hydration and snacking practices used by basketball and football players at the …

Dietary Milk Fat Globule Membrane Reduces The Incidence Of Aberrant Crypt Foci In Fischer-344 Rats And Provides Protections Against Gastrointestinal Stress In Mice Treated With Lipopolysaccharide, Dallin R. Snow

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Milk fat globule membrane surrounds the fat droplets of milk. It is a biopolymer containing primarily membrane glycoproteins and polar lipids which contribute to its properties as a possible neutraceutical. The aims of the studies were to determine if dietary milk fat globule membrane: (1) confers protection against colon carcinogenesis; and (2) promotes gut mucosal integrity while decreasing inflammation compared to diets containing corn oil or anhydrous milk fat.

Aim 1. Three dietary treatments differing only in the fat source were formulated: (1) AIN-76A, corn oil; (2) AIN-76A, anhydrous milk fat; and (3) AIN-76A, 50% milk fat globule membrane, 50% …

Youth Can! Grow Healthy!, Andrew Nils Carberry

Masters Theses

This study presents a formative evaluation of an afterschool program that combined youth development and school garden curricula. This program used a novel approach to teach elementary school children about fruits and vegetables and to engage them in advocacy for the physical activity and nutrition environments in their community. The youth development curriculum included sessions on team building, community pride, healthy eating and physical activity, and advocacy. Photovoice was used as a method to allow participants to assess their community and communicate findings with leaders. Participants selected community leaders to invite to their school and shared their findings via a …

4-H Fun With Foods - Lesson 1: Getting Ready To Cook, Georgia C. Lauritzen, Darlene Christensen, Susan Haws, Naomi Weeks, Debra Proctor, Ronda Olsen

All Current Publications

This publication is part of 4-H Fun with Foods Guide, Lesson 1 focuses on the steps needed when getting ready to cook.

4-H Fun With Foods - Lesson 4: Beverages, Georgia C. Lauritzen, Darlene Christensen, Susan Haws, Naomi Weeks, Debra Proctor, Ronda Olsen

All Current Publications

This publication is part of the 4-H Fun with Foods Guide, Lesson 4 provides tips and recipes for making beverages.

4-H Fun With Foods - Lesson 5: Microwave Munchies, Georgia C. Lauritzen, Darlene Christensen, Susan Haws, Naomi Weeks, Debra Proctor, Ronda Olsen

All Current Publications

This publication is part of the 4-H Fun with Foods Guide, Lesson 5 provides recipes and instructions for microwave munchies.

4-H Fun With Foods - Lesson 6: Cookies: Molded, Refrigerator & Rolled, Georgia C. Lauritzen, Darlene Christensen, Susan Haws, Naomi Weeks, Debra Proctor, Ronda Olsen

All Current Publications

This publication is part of the 4-H Fun with Foods Guide, Lesson 6 provides recipes and instructions for molded, refrigerator, and rolled cookies.

4-H Fun With Foods - Lesson 7: Sandwiches, Georgia C. Lauritzen, Darlene Christensen, Susan Haws, Ronda Olsen, Naomi Weeks, Debra Proctor

All Current Publications

This publication is part of the 4-H Fun with Foods Guide, Lesson 7 provides recipes and instructions for making a variety of sandwiches.

4-H Fun With Foods - Lesson 8: Plan A Party, Georgia C. Lauritzen, Darlene Christensen, Susan Haws, Naomi Weeks, Debra Proctor, Ronda Olsen

All Current Publications

This publication is part of the 4-H Fun with Food Guide, Lesson 8 provides ideas, instructions, checklists, and recipes for planning a party.

4-H Fun With Foods - Lessons 9 And 10: Smart Shopping, Have A Party, Georgia C. Lauritzen, Darlene Christensen, Susan Haws, Debra Proctor, Ronda Olsen, Naomi Weeks

All Current Publications

This publication is part of the 4-H Fun with Food Guide, Lesson 9 and 10 provide smart tips for grocery shopping and executing party plans.

Perceptions Related To Dietary Supplements Among College Students, Bethany Hope Brown

Masters Theses

Introduction: Prior research has shown that dietary supplement use is a common practice among college students. Most of these studies used surveys and questionnaires to provide an overview of supplement use in the U.S. However, in-depth information on college students’ perceptions and/or concerns related to dietary supplement use is lacking. The aim of this study was to capture a deeper understanding of how college students perceive dietary supplements.

Methods: A qualitative case study design was used, which allowed a greater understanding of the case through content analysis. The study used a secondary database, which consisted of web log (blog) posts …

Regulatory Issues And Functional Health Claims For Bioactive Dairy Compounds, P. Roupas, P. G. Williams, C. Margetts

Peter Williams

Dairy foods and ingredients have a natural advantage over new/novel foods, from a regulatory viewpoint, because they are generally considered as “traditional” foods, that is, there is a long history of human consumption. However, the regulatory landscape on adding bioactive ingredients, whether from dairy streams or from non-dairy sources, into dairy foods is rapidly evolving, and the dairy industry will need to be aware of potential regulatory challenges, within the countries they wish to market their products.

Conditions Associated With Clostridium Sporogenes Growth As A Surrogate For Clostridium Botulinum In Non-Thermally Processed Canned Butter, Reed H. Taylor

Theses and Dissertations

Shelf-stable canned butter is currently available in retail stores, and many home-preservationists promote home-canning of butter. Non-cultured butter is a low-acid canned food, which would presumably require thermal processing. The lack of a thermal process step in canned butter products raises questions of potential safety, because they are hermetically sealed and generally exhibit anaerobic growth conditions, which are optimal for Clostridium botulinum growth. Without thermal processing, low-acid canned foods (LACF) must have inhibitory factors present to prevent C. botulinum growth. Some potential intrinsic inhibitory factors, or "hurdles", within butter include: reduced water activity (aw), acidity (pH) in cultured products, elevated …

The Influence Of Persistent Pathogens On Circulating Levels Of Inflammatory Markers: A Cross-Sectional Analysis From The Multi-Ethnic Study Of Atherosclerosis, Aydin Nazmi, Ana V. Diez-Roux, Nancy S. Jenny, Michael Y. Tsai, Moyses Szklo, Allison E. Aiello

Food Science and Nutrition

Background: Systemic inflammation is linked to cardiovascular risk, but the influence of persistent pathogens, which are conventionally dichotomously categorized, on circulating levels of inflammatory markers is not clear. Antibody levels of pathogens have not been examined in relation to inflammation.
Methods: Using data from a subsample of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, we examined circulating levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen in relation to five common persistent pathogens: cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus-1, Hepatitis A virus, Helicobacter pylori and Chlamydia pneumoniae. We tested the hypothesis that the number of seropositive pathogens (based on conventional …

A Comparison Of Job Responsibility And Activities Between Registered Dietitians With A Bachelor's Degree And Those With A Master's Degree, Stephanie M. Pillow

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Minimal educational requirements for Registered Dietitians (RDs) include a bachelor’s degree and practice program. Recently, a master’s degree was recommended. Studies have not established whether education affects employment. A secondary analysis of 2005 Dietetics Practice Audit data determined whether job responsibility, individuals supervised, and activities differed between 1,626 bachelor’s RDs (B-RDs) and 767 master’s (M-RDs) RDs, registered ≤5 years. Chi-square and ANOVA analyzed differences between B-RDs and M-RDs, at entry-level (0-3 years experience) and beyond-entry-level (3+-5 years experience). Beyond-entry-level B-RDs (31.8%) and entry-level M-RDs (31.9%) reported “supervisor/executive” responsibility more than entry-level B-RDs (26.5%; p=0.01). A higher percentage of M-RDs supervised …

Influence Of Two Breakfast Meals Differing In Glycemic Load On Satiety, Hunger, And Energy Intake In Preschool Children, Alison Lacombe, Vijay Ganji

Nutrition Faculty Publications

Background: Glycemic load (GL) is the product of glycemic index of a food and amount of available carbohydrate in that food divided by 100. GL represents quality and quantity of dietary carbohydrate. Little is known about the role of GL in hunger, satiety, and food intake in preschool children. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of two breakfast meals differing in GL on hunger, satiety, and subsequent food intake at lunch in preschool children aged 4-6 y.

Methods: Twenty three subjects consumed low-GL (LGL) and high-GL (HGL) breakfast meals according to a randomized crossover design followed …