Kinesiology Commons^™

Walking Abnormalities Are Associated With Copd: An Investigation Of The Nhanes Iii Dataset, Jenna M. Yentes, Harlan Sayles, Jane Meza, David M. Mannino, Stephen I. Rennard, Nikolaos Stergiou

Journal Articles

Research on the peripheral effects of COPD has focused on physiological and structural changes. However, different from muscular weakness or decreased physical activity, mechanical abnormalities of the muscular system, e.g. walking, have yet to be investigated. Our purpose was to utilize the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) dataset to determine whether walking abnormalities are associated with COPD severity. To determine if walking abnormalities were independently associated with COPD severity, our analysis aimed to investigate the association of physical activity levels with COPD severity and with walking abnormalities. The NHANES III dataset that contains data for 31,000 persons that …

Anterior-Posterior And Medial-Lateral Control Of Sway In Infants During Sitting Acquisition Does Not Become Adult-Like, Fabien Cignetti, Anastasia Kyvelidou, Regina T. Harbourne, Nikolaos Stergiou

Journal Articles

We examined (1) how sitting postural control in infants develops in the anterior–posterior (A/P) and medial–lateral (M/L) directions of sway, and (2) whether this control is already adult-like during the late phase of infant's sitting acquisition. COP data were acquired from 14 healthy infants (from the onset of sitting until independent sitting) and 21 healthy adults while sitting on a force platform. Attractor dimensionality (CoD: correlation dimension), attractor predictability (LyE: largest Lyapunov exponent), and sway variability (RMS: root-mean square) were calculated from the COP data to evaluate postural control. In the A/P direction, sitting was mastered by the infants by …

Electromechanical Delay Of The Knee Flexor Muscles After Harvesting The Hamstrings For Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction, Stavros Ristanis, Elias Tsepis, Dimitrios Giotis, Franceska Zampeli, Nikolaos Stergiou, Anastasios D. Georgoulis

Journal Articles

Objective: To investigate if harvesting of semitendinosus (ST) and gracilis for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction will have an effect in coordinative firing pattern of the hamstrings under fatigue. We hypothesized that fatigue will increase the electromechanical delay (EMD) of the hamstrings on the harvested site and impair the synchronization between the medial and lateral hamstrings, in terms of muscle activity onsets.

Design: Prospective nonrandomized study. Setting: Institutional. Patients: Twelve ACL reconstructed patients with hamstrings, 2 years postoperatively.

Interventions: The patients performed a fatigue protocol with 25 continuous maximal isometric voluntary contractions of 8-second duration with 2-second …

The Effects Of A Goal Setting Program On The Exercise Commitment And Fitness Levels Of University Students, Rahmin Buckman

WWU Graduate School Collection

The purpose of the current study was to examine the effects a goal setting program had on exercise commitment and aerobic fitness among university students. Obesity and a lack of sufficient physical activity continue to be a problematic and increasing epidemic in the United States. Some theorists have utilized goal setting as an intervention to increase commitment effectiveness of exercise participants. In the current study, a two-way between-within experimental design was utilized involving two separate physical education activity classes (beginning jogging) at Western Washington University. One of the classes (experimental group) underwent a goal setting program consisting of educational, constructive, …

Postactivation Potentiation: Predictors In Ncaa Division Ii Varsity Track And Field Power Athletes, Alexander Harrison

WWU Graduate School Collection

Postactivation potentiation (PAP) is the phenomenon in which a highly trained power athlete may be able to obtain a higher rate of force development (RFD) and greater power performance following a heavy muscular loading stimulus. Research on the mechanisms of PAP indicate that it may be caused by myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation due to intramuscular calcium saturation during intense contraction. For PAP to be used effectively in actual performances, guidelines for its use need to be developed. This study examined the predictors of PAP, hypothesized as relative strength (REL), absolute strength (ABS), initial reactive strength index (PreRSI), and initial …

The Effects Of Inspiratory Muscle Training On Anaerobic Power In Trained Cyclists, Courtenay Mcfadden

WWU Graduate School Collection

The current study was conducted to determine if inspiratory muscle training (IMT) has an effect on anaerobic power during the final sprint phase of a time trial in trained cyclists. Twenty three trained cyclists were included in the data and were randomly assigned to one of two groups, a training or placebo group. Each group performed IMT, but the training group performed at 85% of their maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) while the placebo group trained at 15%. MIP was measured pre and post training. One 15 km time trial was performed pre and post IMT. Heart rate (HR), ratings of …

Leadership Characteristics Of Successful Ncaa Division I Track And Field Head Coaches, Brian M. (Brian Matthew) Zuleger

WWU Graduate School Collection

The purpose of this study was to investigate the leadership characteristics of successful NCAA Division I track and field head coaches through specific elements of leadership and coaching. The elements include integrity, communication, understanding of human behavior, knowledge of sport, commitment, styles, team building, team cohesion, and gender differences and the role they play in contributing to the development of a student-athlete's athletic and academic performance. This study utilized an inductive content analysis of coach case interviews. The in-depth interviews of 10 successful NCAA Division I track and field head coaches consisted of probing questions regarding the coaches' perception, insights, …

The Effects Of A Life Skills Program On The Social And Academic Performance Of Freshman Student-Athletes, Catherine N. (Catherine Nicole) Rasnack

WWU Graduate School Collection

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of participation in a Life Skills program for freshman student-athletes on academic and social performance. Subjects (n = 38) were freshman student-athletes participating in varsity athletics at Western Washington University during Fall Quarter 2010. The treatment group (n = 21) met for one hour, twice a week and completed a Life Skills Seminar Course (LSSC) designed and taught by the researcher. Subjects completed both the Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire (SACQ) and the College Self-Efficacy Inventory (CSEI) at the beginning and conclusion of the course. A two-way ANOVA between-within was …

Physical Activity And Health-Related Quality Of Life Among Elementary Students: An Integrated Perspective, Xiangli Gu

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

School physical education (PE) not only offers and promotes health-related physical activity, but also encompasses the promotion and development of perceptions of mental health (USDHHS, 2010). It has been suggested that health-related quality of life (HRQOL) can predict future health, monitor children’s psychosocial health, and identify those most at risk or in need of support at an early stage. Assessing physical activity (PA) and health-related quality of life have become major issues in pediatric public health and also serve as a major goal of Health people 2020 (USDHHS, 2010). Research including assessment of theory-based mediators of health-related outcomes is needed …

Analysis Of Heel Raise Exercise With Three Foot Positions, Kimberly J. Arnsdorff, G. Ken Limbaugh, Bryan L. Riemann

Department of Health Sciences and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

Prior research revealed activation differences between the medial (MG) and lateral (LG) gastrocnemius when performing heel raise exercise with neutral (N), internally-rotated (IR) and externally-rotated (ER) foot positions. Studying underlying biomechanics may help explain activation differences. The purpose was to compare ankle (AN), knee (KN), and hip (HI) contributions (initial joint angles) to attaining each initial foot position, ankle flexion-extension range of motion, ankle mechanical energy expenditure, repetition time, and percent cycle concentric-eccentric transition between N, IR, and ER foot positions. Twenty healthy subjects (11 male, 9 female) with resistance training experience performed twelve repetitions of free-weight (135% body mass) …

Effect Of Varying Rest Intervals Between Sets Of Assistance Exercises On Creatine Kinase And Lactate Dehydrogenase Responses, Marco Machado, Alexander J. Koch, Jeffrey Willardson, Luis Prereira, Isabel M. Cardoso, Michela Ks Motta, Rafael Prereira, Andre N. Monteiro

Jeffrey Willardson

Effect of varying rest intervals between sets of assistance exercises on creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase responses. J Strength Cond Res 25(5): 1339-1345, 2011-To examine the effects of different rest intervals between sets on serum creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, 10 men (age = 25.6 ± 2.2 years, height = 173.1 ± 7.1 cm, and body mass = 75.9 ± 10.0 kg) participated in a randomized within-subject design that involved 4 resistance exercise sessions. Each session consisted of 4 sets of 10 repetitions with 10 repetition maximum loads for the chest press, pullover, biceps curl, triceps extension, …

Is Training To Failure A Safe And Effective Method For Improving Athletic Performance?, Andy V. Khamoui, Jeffrey Willardson

Jeffrey Willardson

TRAINING TO FAILURE IS A POPULAR TRAINING METHOD USED TO IMPROVE MUSCULAR STRENGTH, SIZE, AND ENDURANCE. AT THIS TIME, THE VALUE OF THIS TRAINING STRATEGY FOR IMPROVING ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE IS A TOPIC OF CONSIDERABLE DEBATE. IN THIS COLUMN, THE POTENTIAL BENEFITS AND DETRIMENTS OF THIS TRAINING METHOD WILL BE PRESENTED.

Joy T. Desensi And Danny Rosenberg, Ethics And Morality In Sport Management, 3rd Edition, Chad R. Carlson

Chad Carlson

No abstract provided.

The "Playing" Field: Attitudes, Activities, And The Conflation Of Play And Games, Chad R. Carlson

Chad Carlson

Many philosophers have attempted to describe the nature of play and games. In doing so, they have come to a number of similar conclusions. Some authors speak of play and games interchangeably, while others regard them as two distinct phenomena. However, even some of those who attempted to distinguish games from play provided ambiguous or otherwise confusing descriptions. The end result has been a tendency to conflate the two entities. This conflation is so commonplace that we regularly speak of participating in all and any games as “playing games.” In this paper I address the issue of play-game conflation and …

Categorical Shortcomings: Application, Adjudication, And Contextual Descriptions Of Game Rules, Chad R. Carlson, John Gleaves

Chad Carlson

No abstract provided.

Strength And Hypertrophy Responses To Constant And Decreasing Rest Intervals In Trained Men Using Creatine Supplementation, Tacito P. Souza-Junior, Jeffrey M. Willardson, Richard Bloomer, Richard D. Leite, Steven J. Fleck, Paulo R. Oliveira, Robert Simao

Jeffrey Willardson

The purpose of the current study was to compare strength and hypertrophy responses to resistance training programs that instituted constant rest intervals (CI) and decreasing rest intervals (DI) between sets over the course of eight weeks by trained men who supplemented with creatine monohydrate (CR).

Joy T. Desensi And Danny Rosenberg, Ethics And Morality In Sport Management, 3rd Edition, Chad R. Carlson

Faculty Research and Creative Activity

No abstract provided.

Strength And Hypertrophy Responses To Constant And Decreasing Rest Intervals In Trained Men Using Creatine Supplementation, Tacito P. Souza-Junior, Jeffrey M. Willardson, Richard Bloomer, Richard D. Leite, Steven J. Fleck, Paulo R. Oliveira, Robert Simao

Faculty Research and Creative Activity

The purpose of the current study was to compare strength and hypertrophy responses to resistance training programs that instituted constant rest intervals (CI) and decreasing rest intervals (DI) between sets over the course of eight weeks by trained men who supplemented with creatine monohydrate (CR).

Finite Element Reconstruction Of Real World Aortic Injury In Near-Side Lateral Automotive Crashes With Conceptual Countermeasures, Aditya Neelakanta Belwadi

Wayne State University Dissertations

Traumatic rupture of the aorta (TRA) remains the second most common cause of death associated with motor vehicle crashes after brain injury. On an average, nearly 8,000 people die annually in the United States due to blunt injury to the aorta. It is observed that more than 80% of occupants who suffer an aortic injury die at the scene due to exsanguination into the chest. With the advent of more accurate and established human body finite element (FE) models, FE crash reconstruction methods may become a valuable tool when assessing crash scenarios and occupant injury mechanisms.

The current study is …

Longissimus Muscle Fatigue And Injury Response Due To Electrical Stimulation With Varied Work/Rest Ratios, Peter Wawrow

Wayne State University Dissertations

LONGISSIMUS MUSCLE FATIGUE AND INJURY RESPONSE DUE TO ELECTRICAL STIMULATION WITH VARIED WORK/REST RATIOS

BY

PETER WAWROW

May 2011

Advisor: John Cavanaugh, MD

Major: Biomedical Engineering

Degree: Doctor of Philosophy

The estimated yearly cost of lost-time work injuries and illnesses is $140 billion. The average cost of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) exceeds all other claims. These injuries persist in spite of ergonomic interventions addressing known risk factors. Work/rest ratios have not received a significant amount of attention, particularly in low back disorders, and it is hypothesized that the lack of adequate rest within a work cycle may contribute to muscle fatigue …

Secondary Physical Educators' Content Negotiations, Matthew Daniel Ferry

Wayne State University Dissertations

In light of growing concern over the relation between physical inactivity and a variety of biomedical and psychosocial conditions and the disjuncture between larger physical activity culture and secondary school physical education curriculum, the purpose of this study was to examine how middle school physical education teachers negotiated content and curricular decisions. A variety of theories guided this study, including Bourdieu's theories of habitus and field (1977), teacher socialization theory (Lawson, 1983; 1988), teacher ideology (Apple, 2004), teacher emotion (Hargreaves, 1998; McCaughtry, 2004), curriculum as a political text (Pinar, Reynolds, Slattery, & Taubman, 2004), and range of critical and post-structural …

A Multi-Species Analysis Of Biomechanical Responses Of The Head To A Shock Wave, Richard Bolander

Wayne State University Dissertations

Shock wave induced brain injury remains a field of research that has great consequences for the rehabilitation of soldiers and civilians that are exposed to an explosion. As such, for the research to be successful in developing strategies to mitigate the effects of these injuries, appropriate research methods need to be developed. Animal models are currently employed to understand the brain's response to a shock wave exposure. Unfortunately no criteria have been established that indicates in what way the mechanical inputs that the cells in an animal's brain are subjected to are similar to a human. The purpose of this …

The Influence Of Mental Toughness On The Performance Of Elite Intercollegiate Athletes, Kelly A. Jones

WWU Graduate School Collection

Research on mental toughness has gained momentum in the past decade, yet there is still a need for exploration of the topic and definition, especially from a developmental perspective. This study explored the influence of mental toughness on the performance of elite intercollegiate athletes by considering the mental skills athletes used to achieve success in their sport; consideration was also paid to the developmental aspects of the athletes. This study utilized both qualitative and quantitative methodologies. In-depth interviews were conducted with 10 NCAA Division II All-American athletes using pre-determined questions related to the following content categories: developmental aspects, peak performance …

The Effect Of Core Strength On Long Distance Running Performance, Megan A. Cleveland

WWU Graduate School Collection

Training the core has become a topic of interest to athletes, health professionals, coaches and researchers. Core training may be an important supplementation to exercise programs. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of an eight week core exercise program on core function and half marathon run time in long distance runners. METHODS: Twenty-four well-trained distance runners were recruited from local running clubs to participate in this training study. Participants ran an average of 20 miles per week and were randomly assigned to the treatment group, receiving core exercises or the control group. McGill's four core …

Outdoor Recreation Participation Of Pennsylvanians With Disabilities, Elizabeth H. Weybright, Alan R. Graefe, Andrew J. Mowen, Nate E. Trauntvein

Kinesiology and Health Science Faculty Publications

Approximately 16% of United States residents report having some sort of physical disability that limits their recreation participation. Many of these individuals may have an abundance of free time due to unemployment, part-time work status, or retirement, and therefore recreation and leisure have the potential to provide great meaning in their lives. Qualitative and quantitative data from a State Comprehensive Outdoor Recreation Plan was used to better understand the outdoor recreation habits and perceptions of Pennsylvania residents with disabilities. Using descriptive, chi square, and ANOVA statistics, results indicate that these individuals perceive fewer benefits from outdoor activities, experience different types …

Graduation Rates Of Academic Non-Qualifier, Junior College Transfers Within Ncaa Division I Men's Basketball, Michael W. Score

EWU Masters Thesis Collection

No abstract provided.

Examining The Perceptions Of Teachers' Efficacy In Handling Student Misbehavior (Tehsm) In Classroom And Physical Education Settings, Costas Nicou Tsouloupas

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Research has found dealing with student misbehavior as the most prominent source associated with teachers’ negative behavioral outcomes at work. One approach for understanding teachers’ behavioral responses to student misbehavior is through the efficacy beliefs of teachers. This line of inquiry has lead to the advancement of the concept of teacher efficacy in handling student misbehavior or TEHSM. TEHSM was found to significantly and negatively mediate the relationship between teachers’ perception of student misbehavior, emotional exhaustion, and turnover intentions respectively. To date, limited information is available regarding the makeup of TEHSM which gives emphasis to the significance of this dissertation. …

The Role Of Motivation And Physical Activity In A Weight Loss Program, Ellen Kane Stevens

LSU Master's Theses

Every year thousands of overweight and obese people in the United States join weight loss programs such as Weight Watchers in an effort to become healthier and feel more attractive. Weight Watchers has increased its program focus on physical activity as a critical part of weight loss. Initiating a consistent physical activity routine, however, is generally one of the last behavior changes made by program members, despite its proven role in weight loss maintenance. Using self-determination theory as a framework, the purpose of this study was to examine how perceptions of fulfillment of three psychological needs (i.e. competence, autonomy, and …

Sources Of Self-Efficacy In Distance Runners, Ashley Ann Samson

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Self-efficacy theory (Bandura, 1997) asserts that people will be more likely to engage in behaviors that they believe they can successfully perform and avoid behaviors in which they feel that they will be unsuccessful. Researchers have concluded that individuals with high levels of self-efficacy are more likely to pursue challenging goals, cope with pain, and persevere through setbacks, while those with low self-efficacy avoid challenges and tend to give up when confronted with obstacles (Llewellyn, Sanchez, Asghar, & Jones, 2008). Endurance sport, particularly distance running, is a domain in which being able to cope with pain and persevere through setbacks …

Elliptical Exercise Improves Fatigue Ratings And Quality Of Life In Patients With Multiple Sclerosis, Jessie M. Huisinga, Mary Filipi, Nikolaos Stergiou

Journal Articles

Fatigue, reduced quality of life (QOL), and lower physical activity levels are commonly reported in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). This study evaluated the effects of elliptical exercise on fatigue and QOL reports in patients with MS. Patients with MS (n = 26) completed the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), the Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS), and the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) before and after completing 15 elliptical exercise training sessions. Changes in fatigue and QOL were assessed based on any changes in the fatigue and SF-36 questionnaires, and correlations between changes in each of the …