Kinesiology Commons^™

4-Week Neuromuscular Training Program On Peak External Power In The Back Squat In Division Ii Collegiate Athletes, Noah Smith

Honors Theses

Neuromuscular training has been shown to have many benefits to athletes ranging from increases in performance to decrease in injury risk by decreasing knee valgus in some athletes. The purpose of this study is to determine if neuromuscular training can influence power in athletes. It is hypothesized that with the intervention program there will be a significant increase in power in the sample. A 4-week neuromuscular training program was implemented with resistance trained athletes (Age: 20.13±.99 yrs., n=14). This training involved balance and plyometric exercises. A pretest and posttest consisted of 2 sets of 6 repetitions of a back squat …

Cortisol Production In Female Soccer Players, Katelyn Seagraves

ASPIRE 2024

Cortisol is released from the adrenal glands when there is an apparent stressor. Exercise, while beneficial, is seen as stress to the body and incites increased cortisol release. Cortisol is known to increase with exercise, and higher-intensity exercise tends to raise cortisol more compared to lower intensities. However, less is known about interval training and cortisol concentrations.

This review of literature dives into the background of cortisol: how it's produced, what systems it regulates, and differences in production based on gender, stressors, exercise intensity, and duration. This paper identifies some knowledge gaps and links training intensities in soccer to cortisol …

The Impact Of Modified Walking Exercise Incorporating Intensity Variations On Increasing Aerobic Endurance, Fauzi Fauzi, Faidillah Kurniawan, Nur Cholis Majid, Noor Azuan Abu Osman

Jurnal Keolahragaan

The aim of this study was to the effect of modified forms of exercise on increasing VO2Max in college students. In particular, This study focuses on assessing the effectiveness of interval training modifications, particularly in the form of walking exercises, in increasing VO2Max in college students. This study followed a quantitative approach, using an experimental design known as the one-group pre-test and post-test design. Cooper's test is used as a research instrument in this study. The study was undertaken with participants from the Department of Sports Development, Faculty of Sports Science, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The findings of this study …

The Pursuit Of Peak Athletic Performance, Trevor Short

Topics in Exercise Science and Kinesiology

Topics in Exercise Science and Kinesiology Volume 4: Issue 1, Article 3, 2023. Achieving peak performance in sports is a multifactorial phenomenon that spans several scientific disciplines. The optimization of human performance requires a comprehensive and systematic assessment that identifies potential performance-inhibiting factors. The result of such analysis allows for more individualized and accurate evaluation, athlete monitoring, and training interventions. Thus, there is a need for a multidisciplinary model of peak performance to guide practitioners when conducting a comprehensive analysis. The purpose of this manuscript is to provide a brief but practical vade mecum for practitioners to consider in the …

The Relationship Between Motivational Music And Endurance Performance Of College-Aged Individuals, Sara Tan, Dy Say Der

Human Kinetics & Applied Health Sciences Student Works

Introduction: Music has shown beneficial ergogenic effects to exercise performance by increasing endorphins and catecholamines levels in the blood. However, the relationship between motivational lyrical music and endurance performance is still unclear. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between motivational music and endurance performance using the Sports-specific Endurance Plank Test.
Methods: 10 males and 26 females (age 21± 3 years) college-aged students were recruited to complete the study at Bethel University. All participants performed the Sports-specific Endurance Plank which assesses the trunk flexors and lumbar extensors in the same manner observed in sports performance movements. Participants …

The Accuracy Of Recreational Athletes In Self Detecting Ventilation Threshold During A Maximal Exercise Test, Andrew Biegner

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

INTRODUCTION: Ventilatory threshold (VT) is where minute ventilation (VE) increases nonlinearly with increasing exercise intensity. Prior studies have shown that subjects can recognize VT by changes in breathing during exercise. Teaching recreational athletes to use VT as a training method could result in better quality training. PURPOSE: Determine if recreational athletes can accurately perceive changes in ventilation associated with VT during maximal exercise testing. METHODS: Subjects were recruited (n=20, age= 20.5 ± 1.7 yrs.) to participate in the study. Subjects performed a modified maximal treadmill protocol with gas analysis. Subjects indicated when they noticed a considerable change …

Physiological Responses To Speed-Matched Running On Non-Motorized Assault Airrunner Versus Traditional Treadmills In Active Females: A Pilot Study, Noelle Morrow, Kayla Mitchell, Hannah Weighart, Diana Alonzo, Stephen Ives

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 15(4): 1262-1273, 2022. Treadmills are utilized as a training tool to improve aerobic fitness, but precise understanding of intensity and the corresponding physiological strain is critical for optimizing exercise prescription and associated adaptations. Running on non-motorized, curved treadmills may result in greater oxygen uptake (VO₂), increased heart rate (HR), and increased rating of perceived exertion (RPE) compared to traditional motorized treadmills. The purpose of this study was to investigate the physiological responses on non-motorized versus traditional motorized treadmills during speed-matched running. Participants were 4 college-aged, recreationally active females. HR, VO₂, respiratory …

Acute Ingestion Of A Commercially Available Pre-Workout Supplement Improves Anaerobic Power Output And Reduces Muscular Fatigue, Sotiris Panayi, Andy Galbraith

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 15(6): 455-472, 2022. The effect of a pre-workout supplement on anaerobic power output and muscular fatigue was examined. 18 participants took part in this double-blinded crossover study, reporting for testing on 3 occasions. Participants completed a 6x6 second repeated sprint test, with 20s recovery between sprints. Anaerobic power output was recorded as the highest power achieved during sprint test. Muscular fatigue was reported as a fatigue index across the six sprints ((maximum power – minimum power) ÷ total sprint time). During a baseline visit, participants consumed 250ml of water 30 minutes prior to testing, whilst …

Deception Of Resistance And The Effects On Muscular Fitness And Perceived Exertion, Tyler Mchenry

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Resistance training has been a popular tactic that individuals have used to increase muscular fitness for decades. Muscular fitness includes muscular endurance, strength, and power. However, limitations such as self-efficacy and the Central Governor Theory may influence individual maximal performance ability. One training tactic that has been rarely researched is the deception of resistance during exercise, which is assumed to increase performances in all aspects of muscular fitness and improvements in perceived effort. Inconsistent results have been concluded from previous studies that have examined the same topic. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of resistance …

Not All Hift Classes Are Created Equal: Evaluating Energy Expenditure And Relative Intensity Of A High-Intensity Functional Training Regimen, Jonathan D. Browne, Robert Carter, Anthony Robinson, Brigette Waldrup, Geoffrey Zhang, Erik Carrillo, Minhsang Dinh, Michael T. Arnold, Jonathan Hu, Eric V. Neufeld, Brett A. Dolezal

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 13(4): 1206-1216, 2020. The demand for efficient and effective exercises has grown in concert with increased attention to fitness as a determinant of overall health. While past studies have examined the benefits traditional conditioning exercises, there have been few investigations of high intensity functional training (HIFT). The aim of this study was to measure the energy expenditure and relative intensity from participation in a signature, 35-minute group-based HIFT regimen. During the HIFT session, 13 volunteers (aged 23-59 years, 6 females) donned a portable breath-by-breath gas analyzer and a heart rate monitor. Mean caloric expenditure (528 …

Training Evaluation For Introductory Ocean Lifeguard Instruction: A Practical Example From California, William A. Koon, Ryan M. Gates, Jack Futoran

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

Ocean lifeguards have several responsibilities that require precise training. California State Parks is one of the largest providers of open water lifeguard services in the United States, and trains approximately 200 new lifeguards per year. As part of our lifeguard training section’s quality improvement efforts, we conducted a training needs assessment to help determine how well our introductory ocean lifeguard training curriculum prepared lifeguards to perform job related tasks upon successful completion of the training program. We surveyed both first year and seasoned lead lifeguards on operational needs, training gaps, and specific subject areas. We identified several areas where our …

Lgbtq Training For Aquatic Employees: Impact On Attitudes And Professional Competencies, Austin R. Anderson, Eric Knee, William D. Ramos

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

This study examined the impact of a LGBTQ diversity training on the attitudes and professional competencies of aquatic employees within a campus recreational sports setting. While diversity training is often discussed as a key component of inclusive aquatic programming, little empirical research examining the outcomes associated with such trainings exists. As such, members of the research team developed, implemented, and evaluated a four-month long training program consisting of one in-person training session and monthly inclusion handouts discussing issues related to the inclusion of LGBTQ participants. A comparative quantitative research design was used to measure employee’s attitudes towards the LGBTQ population …

Effects Of An 8-Week Basketball-Specific Proprioceptive Training With A Single-Plane Instability Balance Platform, Aurelijus Domeika, Agne Slapšinskait˙E, Selen Razon, Laimonas Šiupšinskas, Irina Kliziene˙, Milda Dubosiene˙

Kinesiology Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: To avoid injuries in basketball players, they are recommended to pay more attention to improve their body balance. Therefore new training methods and equipment need to be devised. This study examined the effects of an 8-week basketball-specific proprioception training program while using a new developed one plane instability balance board during warm-up for improving balance ability in basketball players. Players who obtained basketball-specific balance training were compared to a control group. METHODS: Thirty-one male university basketball players (age: 21.35, SD = 0.605 years; height: 190.97, SD = 1.88; body mass: 86.95, SD = 2.61) participated in this study. Seventeen …

When Task Constraints Delimit Movement Strategy: Implications For Isolated Joint Training In Dancers, Paige E. Rice, Sophia Nimphius

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Athletic performance is determined by numerous variables that cannot always be controlled or modified. Due to aesthetic requirements during sports such as dance, body alignment constrains possible movement solutions. Increased power transference around the ankle-joint, coupled with lower hip-joint power, has become a preferential strategy in dancers during leaps and may be considered a dance-specific stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) demand. Newell's theoretical model of interacting constraints includes organismic (or individual), environmental, and task constraints describing the different endogenous and exogenous constraints individuals must overcome for movement and athletic performance. The unique task constraints imposed during dance will be used as a …

The Influence Of Strength In Load-Velocity Relationships In The Back Squat, Thaddeus Light

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Load-velocity relationships may vary between people of different strength levels and across different loads. The purpose of this dissertation was to investigate how external loads influence the velocity characteristics of the back squat exercise, and the influence of strength on these variables. Healthy male students with a history of resistance training completed repetitions at specified intensities of their estimated one-repetition maximum (1RM) until they reached 1RM. Back squat 3D motion analysis was captured using four Vicon T010 cameras (Vicon Motion Systems Ltd.; Oxford, UK) and Vicon Nexus 1.8.5 software. Data were transported into R custom coding statistical analysis software (version …

Cluster Set Loading In The Back Squat: Kinetic And Kinematic Implications, Alexander Wetmore, John P. Wagle, Matt L. Sams, Christopher Taber, Brad H. Deweese, Kimitake Sato, Michael H. Stone

Exercise Science Faculty Publications

Cluster set loading in the back squat: Kinetic and kinematic implications. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2018—As athletes become well trained, they require greater stimuli and variation to force adaptation. One means of adding additional variation is the use of cluster loading. Cluster loading involves introducing interrepetition rest during a set, which in theory may allow athletes to train at higher absolute intensities for the same volume. The purpose of this study was to investigate the kinetic and kinematic implications of cluster loading as a resistance training programming tactic compared with traditional loading (TL). Eleven resistance-trained men (age = …

Comparison Of Steady State Exercise And Interval Training On Pitching Performance In Collegiate Baseball Players: A Pilot Study, Robert Rabena, Ryan Moran

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 12(6): 726-734, 2019. Traditionally, a baseball pitcher’s in-season conditioning between starts has consisted of steady state exercise. Little to no research exists on the effects of interval training on pitching performance. The purpose of this study was to examine the difference between steady state exercise (SSE) and interval training (IT) on exercise and pitching performance in collegiate baseball pitchers following an 11-week program. A total of 13 collegiate baseball pitchers were randomly assigned to either the SSE or IT group and tested pre- and post-season on a one-mile run, 30-m sprint, pitching velocity, walks plus …

The Effect Of Exercise Order In Circuit Training On Muscular Strength And Functional Fitness In Older Women, Diogo Correia Cardozo, Belmiro Freitas De Salles, Pietro Mannarino, Ana Paula Sena Vasconcelos, Humberto Miranda, Jeffrey M. Willardson, Roberto Simão

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 12(4): 657-665, 2019.The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of different orders of exercises in circuit training on strength and functional fitness in older women over a 12-week period. After 10 repetition maximum (10-RM) and functional fitness baseline testing, thirty older women were randomly assigned into two groups. The exercise order for Group 1 was leg press, wide-grip lat pulldown, knee extension, pec deck fly, plantar flexion and triceps extension; Group 2 performed the same exercises, but in the opposite order: triceps extension, plantar flexion, pec deck fly, knee extension, wide-grip …

Effects Of Caffeine On Perceptually-Based Intensity Production During Outdoor Running, Kailee Neal, Matt Green, Eric O'Neal, Joyce Mcintosh, Alyssum Reno

International Journal of Exercise Science

ABSTRACT

International Journal of Exercise Science 12(5): 526-535, 2019. Caffeine (CAF) may enhance performance while altering estimated RPE. However, effects of caffeine on RPE production is not well understood. This study examined effects of CAF on velocity (VEL) selection during outdoor running when intensity was prescribed using RPE. Ten (n = 10) fit male runners completed a VO₂ max and two running trials, CAF (6 mg· kg^-1) vs. placebo (PLA). Participants ran a 2.4 km (1.5 m) bout, at prescribed RPE4, and another at prescribed RPE7, following 10 min passive recovery. Separate 2 (trial) x 6 …

The Effect Of Interval Intensity On Time To Exhaustion During High Intensity Interval Training (Hiit) Running In Recreational Male Runners, Andrew M. Hahn

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) has become extremely popular in recent years, however, current HIIT prescriptions lack guidelines regarding interval intensities and associated margins. The purpose of this study is to investigate Run Time to Exhaustion (Te) and provide insight regarding HIIT intensities for future aerobic exercise programming. Ten healthy adult male recreational runners (Age=22.9 ± 2.5 yr., Ht=1.72 ± 0.1m, BM=74.1 ± 7.4 kg) measured maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) (52.4 ± 6.1ml/kg/min) with a graded exercise test (GXT). Running speed was determined using ACSM running equation for exercise metabolism. Protocols 1-3 were HIIT running sessions, and Protocol 4 was …

Exploring The Potential Neuromuscular Adaptations Associated With Sprint Interval Training, Samer Hassan

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Purpose. The primary purpose of this study was to explore the acute (a single sprint interval training or SIT exercise session) and chronic (3 weeks of SIT) neural adaptations that may occur with the SIT (30 second sprint and 4 minutes of rest).

Methods. 28 recreationally active participants were pseudo-randomized into either a control group (CTRL) or training group (TR) and tested at 4 time points after baseline VO_2max testing. Participants were tested, pre-training/pre-fatigue, pre-training/post-fatigue, post-training/pre-fatigue, post-training/post-fatigue. The fatigue protocol was a SIT session (4 x 30-s sprints). The TR completed a 3-week running SIT protocol (3x/wk) progressing …

The Influence Of Pre- And Post Meal Exercise In Relation To Postprandial Blood Glucose Levels In Type Ii Diabetics, Jessica Johnson

Master's Theses

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of pre and post evening meal exercise in relation to postprandial blood glucose levels in type II diabetics. Fifteen participants diagnosed with type II diabetes volunteered to participate in this 21 day study. During the first seven days, participants were told to change nothing about their daily routine. Throughout the study they were asked to track all food consumption in the MyFitnessPal application and to record their blood glucose levels fasting, before their evening meal, and 120 minutes after their evening meal. At the end of day seven, each participant’s …

A 4-Year Analysis Of The Incidence Of Injuries Among Crossfit-Trained Participants, Yuri Feito, Evanette K. Burrows, Loni Phillip Tabb

Faculty and Research Publications

Background: High-intensity functional training (HIFT) is a new training modality that merges high-intensity exercise with functional (multijoint) movements. Even though others exist, CrossFit training has emerged as the most common form of HIFT. Recently, several reports have linked CrossFit training to severe injuries and/or life-threatening conditions, such as rhabdomyolysis.Empirical evidence regarding the safety of this training modality is currently limited. Purpose: To examine the incidence of injuries related to CrossFit participation and to estimate the rate of injuries in a large cross-sectional convenience sample of CrossFit participants from around the world. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: A total of …

The Effects Of Exercise Training On Cardiovascular-Related Circulating Micrornas, Jacob Luther Barber

Theses and Dissertations

PURPOSE: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small regulatory RNAs that post transcriptionally modify mRNAs and control gene expression. Circulating miRNAs are significantly altered following a single session of exercise, however the effects of exercise training on the circulating miRNA profile is unclear. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of endurance exercise training on the abundance of targeted circulating miRNAs and the association of changes in miRNA levels with concomitant changes in cardiometabolic traits, in a subsample of adults from the HERITAGE Family Study.

METHODS: This exploratory analysis examined 20 previously sedentary adults from the HERITAGE Family …

Rollers Versus Trainers: 10-Km Time Trial, Wayland Tseh, Tate Devlin, Taylor Milleson, T V. Barreira

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 10(1): 497-505, 2017. The primary aim of this investigation was to determine which cycling training device, Rollers or Trainers, was most effective in improving 10-km time trial. Eight male and 6 female volunteers (N = 14; age = 23.6 ± 4.6 yrs; height = 172.7 ± 9.9 cm; body mass = 68.4 ± 10.4 kg; % body fat = 16.9 ± 7.7; VO_2max = 61.0 ± 9.4 ml∙kg^-1∙min^-1) provided informed consent prior to participation. Participants performed a10-km time trial at baseline and were then randomly assigned into one of three …

The Effect Of Practical Blood Flow Restriction Training On Body Composition And Muscular Strength In College-Aged Individuals, Zachary R. Salyers

Online Theses and Dissertations

PURPOSE: To determine the effects of practical blood flow restriction training on body composition and muscular strength in college-aged individuals when compared to a traditional resistance training protocol. METHODS: This study consisted of two randomized groups, an experimental group (BFR), and a traditional resistance training (TRT) control group. The 9 subjects' characteristics were 8 males, 1 female; age: 22 ± 2 years; height: 175 ±7.6 centimeters; weight: 83.4±18.1 kg.; body fat percentage: 21±9%. All participants completed pre-testing measures of girth of both arms and legs, upper chest, and shoulders. Body composition was determined using air displacement plethysmography via BodPod (COSMED …

Hematological Changes In Response To A Drastic Increase In Training Volume In Recreational Cyclists, Jessie E. Axsom

Senior Honors Projects, 2010-2019

Changes in blood volume contribute to improvement in VO2max with chronic endurance exercise training. Although hematological changes to chronic endurance training have been well documented, it has not been well established whether an increased volume of training in trained individuals preferentially affects plasma volume vs. red cell volume. To answer this question, we studied 8 female and 3 male recreational cyclists before and after exposure to drastic increases in training volume. Following the 10-week training period, mean Hct of the 10 subjects who completed the study significantly (p<0.05) increased from 42.9% to 48.45%. Mean Hb also increased significantly (p<0.05) from 14.6g/dL to 16.4 g/dL. The changes in Hct and Hb were not significantly (p>0.05) correlated with the change in self-reported weekly mileage (R = 0.13 …

Athletes Who Train On Unstable Compared To Stable Surfaces Exhibit Unique Postural Control Strategies In Response To Balance Perturbations, D. S. Blaise Williams Iii, Nicholas G. Murray, Douglas W. Powell

Department of Health Sciences and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

Background

Athletes have been shown to exhibit better balance compared to non-athletes (NON). However, few studies have investigated how the surface on which athletes train affects the strategies adopted to maintain balance. Two distinct athlete groups who experience different types of sport-specific balance training are stable surface athletes (SSA) such as basketball players and those who train on unstable surfaces (USA) such as surfers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of training surface on dynamic balance in athletes compared to NON.

Methods

Eight NON, eight SSA, and eight USA performed five 20-s trials in each of …

Validation Of An Error Sonification Auditory Feedback Training Program On Proper Sagittal Plane Squat Technique, Rena Hale

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common degenerative joint diseases that hinders an individual's quality of life. A large portion of knee OA instances can be correlated to previous anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Knee joint injury leading to OA is most prevalent in males aged 20-55 years old and can be caused by improper form during execution of a given task or lack of neuromuscular control. Screening protocols are used to assess deficits of an athlete, with the goal of reducing the risk of injury during both training and in competition. Neuromuscular training programs have been created to …

Practical Applications Of Biomechanical Principles In Resistance Training: The Use Of Bands And Chains, Paul A. Swinton, Justin Keogh, Jason Lake

Justin Keogh

In recent years, it has become popular for athletes and recreational trainers to perform resistance training with the addition of bands and chains. In this paper, we consider the advantages of manipulating an exercise to match the resistance provided with the force capabilities of the lifter, which generally change throughout the movement. We explain that bands and chains can be used to manipulate a variety of exercises that have the potential to enhance performance in sport and in many daily tasks. Whilst there are many similaritiesbetween the use of bands and chains for resistance training, we note that there are …