Food Chemistry Commons^™

Piperine Encourages Apoptosis In Human Cervical Adenocarcinoma Cells Through Ros Generation, Dna Fragmentation, Caspase-3 Activation And Cell Cycle Arrest, Asif Jafri, Juhi Rais, Sudhir Kumar, Md Arshad

Research Symposium

Background: Cancer is one of the most common destructive diseases and the second leading cause of death in humans. Among cancer, cervical cancer is the second most common malignancy among women globally. Thus, there is a continuous need to search for chemotherapeutic chemicals or naturally occurring drugs to resolve this global health problem. Piperine (1-piperoylpeperdine) is present in the fruits of black pepper (Piper nigrum Linn.) and long pepper (Piper longum Linn.). It possesses several pharmacological properties and in the present study we have evaluated its anti-cancer potential on human cervical adenocarcinoma (HeLa) cells.

Methods: The anti-proliferative effect …

Application Of Fructans-Degrading Lachancea Fermentati Fst5.1 As An Alternative To Baker’S Yeast In The Production Of A Low-Fodmap Whole Wheat Bread., Małgorzata Borowska

ORBioM (Open Research BioSciences Meeting)

FODMAPs are a group of poorly absorbed dietary carbohydrates comprised of easily fermentable oligo-, di-, monosaccharides and polyols. When consumed, they can exert gastrointestinal symptoms of pain, flatulence, or an irregular bowel movement in individuals with irritable bowel syndrome. Whole wheat bread is an excellent source of proteins, vitamins, polyphenols, and other nutrients, but its consumption is restricted in a low-FODMAP diet due to high fructans content. Although alternatives exist, these are primarily gluten-free, often inferior in terms of quality, nutritional profile, and consumer acceptance. Bioprocessing using microbial fermentation has a proven capacity to reduce FODMAPs in cereal products, but …

The Chemistry Of Fermentation As It Relates To The Art Of Winemaking, Olivia Cochran

Symposium of Student Scholars

The process of fermentation can be traced back to the beginning of civilization. Countries, over time, have learned this scientific process and turned it into the backbone of their culture through the making and manufacturing of wine. While climate-change and global-warming have impacted the commercial marketability of wine, the scientific process has remained constant. This undergraduate project analyses the production, fermentation and analytical approach of producing high quality wine. Beginning from the picking of grapes, to testing the acidity through a series of titrations, winemaking is truly where science and art collide.

Bioanalytical Determination Of Glucose Concentration In Sports Drinks Using Uv/Vis Spectroscopy, Laney Hedgeman, Brianna Bond

Symposium of Student Scholars

Abstract

The purpose of our project is to indirectly monitor the enzymatic activity of glucose oxidase as it reacts with the glucose present in sports drinks through the quantitative analysis of the generated ferricyanide. As glucose oxidase catalyzes the oxidation of beta-D-glucose in the presence of oxygen, D-glucono-1,5-lactone is produced along with hydrogen peroxide. The hydrogen peroxide is used in a subsequent reaction with ferrocyanide catalyzed by horse radish peroxidase to produce water and the chromophore ferricyanide. This compound absorbs in the ultraviolet/visible spectrum at 420 nm, which can be quickly measured using Ultraviolet/Visible Spectroscopy. Since the molar ratio of …

Standardization And Extrapolation Of Icing Stability, Shelf Life, And Safety Under Heat Abuse, Jaden Castinado

Kansas State University Undergraduate Research Conference

Inquiries from Kansas citizens requested information on the stability, shelf life, and safety of icings on baked goods after prolonged exposure to heat without refrigeration, often common at county and state fairs. Methods include compiling a sample of icing recipes from Kansas citizens and entering into a database so that recipes could be sorted by factors such as sugar and/or dairy content. A central composite design will then be used to identify trials with variable amounts of sugar, dairy, and sugar with dairy. Current work is focused on creating a concise and navigable database with sufficient data to create a …

Impact Of Ultrasonication On Physicochemical Properties And Digestibility Of Sorghum Starch, Zhihong Wang

EURēCA: Exhibition of Undergraduate Research and Creative Achievement

Sorghum, a highly nutritious grain, is usually not considered as a main staple in many families because it is not as easy to be digested as other grains such as rice or maize. But recent studies of ultrasonication shed a light on potential utilization of this world’s fifth important cereal other than being raw material source of biofuel or liquor. This experiment was meant to compare the differences between unsonicated and sonicated sorghum starch in terms of their physical chemical properties and digestion ability. Despite their similarities in shapes under microscopes and their thermal properties, but sonicated sorghum starch was …

Bg-4, A Bioactive Peptide From Momordica Charantia, Promotes Apoptosis In Ovarian Cancer Cells, Ashley D. Bloom

EURēCA: Exhibition of Undergraduate Research and Creative Achievement

Momordica charantia is a perennial plant with reported health benefits. Food-derived molecules, like the novel peptide BG-4 found in Momordica charantia, have been shown to have anticancer properties by promoting apoptosis in colon cancer cells. Ovarian cancer (OVCA) is the deadliest form of all gynecological cancers. The high fatality rate of OVCA is due to late presentation of the disease, cancer persistence, and recurrence in patients. The objective of this study was to determine the ability of BG-4 to cause cytotoxicity to ovarian cancer cells (A27801AP and COV318) and determine the mechanism involved by measuring proteins associated with apoptosis. …

Eating Crickets? Nutrient Mineral Content Of Two Cricket Species And Chapul Cricket Protein Bars Using Mp-Aes, Nathan Hopkins

Student Scholar Showcase

Global agriculture is beset by numerous challenges which must be surmounted to feed a developing world, from combating climate change to the cultivation of sustainable food products. This, in addition to protein and nutrient deficiencies in the developing world, makes considering alternative protein sources, such as a crickets, an attractive option. Crickets use a fraction of the land and water that protein sources like beef cattle do, and can be cultivated in urban environments in stacked boxes. This research investigation aims to quantify the nutrient mineral content (Iron, Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, and Magnesium) of two cricket species (Acheta domesticus …

Elemental Analysis Of Beer Manufactured In Virginia Satellite Breweries, Jennifer Wiliams

Student Scholar Showcase

Financial incentives from the state and wider distribution potential have lured many west coast brewers to open satellite breweries in Virginia. Quality control is crucial for any brewery and especially important in satellite breweries that need to imitate the standard set by the parent brewery. Zinc, magnesium, iron, sodium manganese, and calcium are trace elements found in wort and are essential for enzymes that catalyze fermentation reactions. These elements protect against cell stress, play a crucial role in flocculation, and can affect the flavoring and coloration of beer. Barley, water, and hops are the sources of these elements in beer. …

The Inhibitory Effects Demonstrated By Manuka Honey On Biofilms: How Manuka Honey May Soon Replace Conventional Antibiotic Therapy, Laura Pavelik, Cundell, Phd

CSHLA Scholar Day

Introduction:

The surge of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has raised substantial concerns over how to effectively and efficiently control antibiotic-resistant bacteria capable of secreting biofilms. A biofilm can be defined as a self-producing extracellular matrix (Carter, et, al., 2016). Manuka honey, an alternative to conventional antibiotics, has proven successful in inhibiting planktonic cells and killing bacteria living under the protection of biofilms (Brudzynski & Sjaarda, 2015)

Coffee Powder Wettability, Flowability And Characterization Thereof, Natalia Atuesta, Afolawemi Afolabi, Teresa M. Carvajal

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

The production efficiency and high-quality results in industrial processes usually rely on how well product characteristics are understood as well as how well processes are controlled in order to obtain specific results. Therefore, in a billion-dollar industry as is the case of the instant coffee market, understanding the properties of the compounds produced using different techniques is a very important tool to enhance performance and delivery of high-quality coffee powders. The aim of the present study is to provide a framework of some powder properties such as particle size, shape, diameter, circularity, convexity, aspect ratio and surface energy among others, …

Sorghum Phenolic Extracts: Chemical Characterization And Biological Activity Determination, James Jordan Bradwell

EURēCA: Exhibition of Undergraduate Research and Creative Achievement

Red sorghum contains phytochemicals such as 3-deoxyanthocyanidins and flavonoids with reported health benefits. The objective was to determine the chemical composition of sorghum phenolic extracts that were extracted with acidified methanol and separated into co-pigments and anthocyanin fraction by chromatographic procedure. In addition, the ability of sorghum extract to modify activation of the inflammasomes, a macromolecular protein complex involved in several malignancies, was evaluated. The total polyphenols, total flavonoids and total anthocyanins of the sorghum phenolic extract was quantified and phenolic profile was determined by high performance liquid chromatography. The ability to modify the inflammasomes was evaluated using THP-1 human …

Genetic Diversity In Concentration Of A Protein Subcomponent In Selected Wheat Lines, Andrew B. Berman, Kelsey Gentry, Alexander K. Lee, Molly Yandrofski, Malorie Young, Robert L. Paris

The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)

Celiac Disease is a hypersensitive response to gluten caused by HLA-DQ2 or HLA-DQ8 T-cell presentation, initiating destruction of intestinal epithelial cells. Studies indicate that an indigestible fragment of the gluten molecule, alpha-gliadin subcomponent 33-mer, rich in proline and glutamine, is responsible for the hypersensitivity response. Determination of 33 mer concentration in wheat lines would be beneficial to future development of wheat lines with reduced 33 mer concentration. Protein from wheat flour was extracted and subjected to western blot in order to quantify the concentration of 33-mer. This will be a valuable tool for future research efforts focused on identification and …

Stability Of Sorgum Bicolor Alcoholic Extract As Affected By Ph And Temperature, James Jordan Bradwell

EURēCA: Exhibition of Undergraduate Research and Creative Achievement

Storage stability of Sorghum bicolor alcoholic extract as affected by pH and temperature

Jordan Bradwell, Philipus Pangloli, Vermont P Dia

Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, Knoxville TN

Red sorghum contains phytochemicals such as 3-deoxyanthocyanidins and flavonoids with potential application in food as coloring and health promoting agents. The objective was to determine the stability of methanolic and ethanolic extracts of sorghum as affected by pH (2, 4 and 6) and temperature of storage (4 and 22 °C). The following parameters were measured: polyphenol concentration, absorbance at 490 nm and L*, a* and b*-values …

Compositional Analysis Of Carbohydrates Of A Family Of Legumes, Arvind Raghothama, Bruce Hamaker

The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium

Legumes, most commonly identified as beans or lentils, provide a good source of both protein and carbohydrates. Many legumes contain the polysaccharide arabinogalactans, classified as dietary fiber and have unique functional properties in foods. However, these, and other plant polysaccharides have not been well characterized. A preliminary collaborative study between Florida State University and the Whistler Center at Purdue indicated that isolated legume arabinogalactans appear to have high texturizing capability through formation of viscoelastic structures. Their soluble property may also present unique fiber nutritional trait. These properties of arabinogalactans and their variability among different legumes are yet to be analyzed. …

Analysis Of Zinc And Copper In Foods, Merlly Zavala

Undergraduate Research Conference

Deficiencies in vitamins and calcium have always been known and a remedy for it has always been around. The deficiency of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) are not very popular and some people do not understand how important the two metals are for one’s health. If one tends to encounter such deficiency the goal is to give foods that contain these metals in order to add to the diet. In this study, various foods were analyzed for Cu or Zn concentration levels using absorptions spectrophotometer Shimadzu AA-6800 flame. The samples were crushed, digested with nitric acid, and then analyzed through …

Green Tea Aids In Overall Health, Noelle Norman

Undergraduate Research Conference

Green tea is highly effective in aiding in overall health if consumed on a daily basis and can reduce incidence of cardiovascular disease, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and certain types of cancer. The primary compounds found in green tea are polyphenols which include catechins, epicatechin(EC), epigallocatechin(EGC), epicatechingallate(ECG), andepigallocatechingallate(EGCG). Five research studies were analyzed to verify the validity of the hypothesis that green consumption is beneficial in overall health. In these studies, green tea was found to aid in weight loss with those who consumed green tea regularly, as well as having effects on thermogenesis and fat oxidation to control wait …