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Articles 1 - 12 of 12
Full-Text Articles in Molecular Biology
The Mystery Of Nuclear Localization Of Arogenate Dehydratase5 From Arabidopsis Thaliana, Sara Abolhassani Rad
The Mystery Of Nuclear Localization Of Arogenate Dehydratase5 From Arabidopsis Thaliana, Sara Abolhassani Rad
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Arogenate dehydratases (ADTs) have been identified to catalyze the last step of phenylalanine (Phe) biosynthesis in plants. All ADTs have a transit peptide sequence that targets them into the chloroplasts where the biosynthesis of Phe happens. Subcellular localization studies using fluorescently tagged Arabidopsis thaliana ADTs demonstrated that all six ADTs localize to chloroplast stromules (stroma filled tubules). However, one member of this family, ADT5, was also detected in the nucleus. As dual targeting of proteins to different cell compartments is an indication of multifunctionality, ADT5 nuclear localization suggests that this member of the ADT protein family is a moonlighting protein …
An Investigation Of The Ck2-Dependent Phosphoproteome Using Inhibitor Refractory Ck2-Alpha, Edward Cruise
An Investigation Of The Ck2-Dependent Phosphoproteome Using Inhibitor Refractory Ck2-Alpha, Edward Cruise
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Protein kinase CK2 is a constitutively active serine/threonine kinase that is overexpressed in several human cancers, and by virtue of the vast number of putative substrates in the phosphoproteome, is implicated in the regulation of numerous cellular processes. Consequently, CK2 is an emerging therapeutic target with many CK2 inhibitors having been developed. An example of one such inhibitor is the clinical stage compound CX-4945. Although highly selective for CK2, the ATP competitive CX-4945 has demonstrated affinity for other kinases. Unique features of the catalytic pocket of CK2 have allowed for the development of inhibitor refractory mutants, which have since been …
Amelioration Of Prenatal Alcohol Effects By Environmental Enrichment In A Mouse Model Of Fasd, Aniruddho Chokroborty-Hoque
Amelioration Of Prenatal Alcohol Effects By Environmental Enrichment In A Mouse Model Of Fasd, Aniruddho Chokroborty-Hoque
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy results in a spectrum of behavioural and cognitive deficits collectively known as Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD). Currently, little is know about if and how the external environment may modulate these deficits. I have used C57BL/6 mice to study this interaction between prenatal alcohol exposure and the postnatal environment. Alcohol exposure during synaptogenesis produces high levels of anxiety-like traits and decreased memory performance. Alcohol-exposed mice (and matched unexposed controls) were put in 'environmentally-enriched' conditions of voluntary exercise, physical activities and cognitive stimulation to ascertain the effects of a positive postnatal environment. The results show that …
Genetic Engineering Studies Of Escherichia Coli And Microalgae For Expression Of Hydrolytic Enzymes And Development Of High Throughput Screening Technique, Shreyas S. Yedahalli
Genetic Engineering Studies Of Escherichia Coli And Microalgae For Expression Of Hydrolytic Enzymes And Development Of High Throughput Screening Technique, Shreyas S. Yedahalli
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
The field of biochemical engineering has made substantial progress through major advances in genetic and metabolic engineering with applications in various sectors such as energy, food science, pharmaceuticals, etc. The hosts used for this work are constantly broadening. A host particularly important for energy applications are microalgae. The potential to enhance microalgae genetically for energy applications is not well explored and was therefore investigated in this thesis. Non-photosynthetic micro-organisms and photosynthetic microalgae offer a potential approach to enhance sustainable biochemical production. In this study expression vectors for Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Chlorella vulgaris (C. vulgaris) …
Gmmyb176 Interactome And Regulation Of Isoflavonoid Biosynthesis In Soybean, Arun Kumaran Anguraj Vadivel
Gmmyb176 Interactome And Regulation Of Isoflavonoid Biosynthesis In Soybean, Arun Kumaran Anguraj Vadivel
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
MYB transcription factors are one of the largest transcription factor families characterized in plants. They are classified into four types: R1 MYB, R2R3 MYB, R3 MYB and R4 MYB. GmMYB176 is an R1MYB transcription factor that regulates Chalcone synthase (CHS8) gene expression and isoflavonoid biosynthesis in soybean. Silencing of GmMYB176 suppressed the expression of the GmCHS8 gene and reduced the accumulation of isoflavonoids in soybean hairy roots. However, overexpression of GmMYB176 does not alter either GmCHS8 gene expression or isoflavonoid levels suggesting that GmMYB176 alone is not sufficient for GmCHS8 gene regulation. I hypothesized that GmMYB176 acts cooperatively with another …
Pore-Lining Residues And Intracellular Magnesium Concentration Influence Connexin50 Gap Junction Unitary Channel Conductance, Mary Grace M. Tejada
Pore-Lining Residues And Intracellular Magnesium Concentration Influence Connexin50 Gap Junction Unitary Channel Conductance, Mary Grace M. Tejada
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Gap junction (GJ) channels mediate direct intercellular communication. Each GJ channel consists of two hemichannels and each hemichannel is a hexamer of connexins. GJs formed by different connexins display different unitary channel conductance (γj) and intracellular magnesium modulation. The underlying mechanisms are not fully clear. The present study investigates the effect of mutating putative pore-lining residues (G8, G46, and V53 individually or together) into glutamate in Cx50 on homotypic GJ channel properties. Expression of the triple and individual mutants in GJ-deficient N2A cells resulted in the formation of functional GJ channels similar to that of Cx50 GJs. However, …
Evolutionary Genetic Aspects Of Host Association In Generalist Ectoparasites, Benoit Talbot
Evolutionary Genetic Aspects Of Host Association In Generalist Ectoparasites, Benoit Talbot
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Despite the use of the host for dispersal by most parasite species, the extremely loose relationship typical between highly mobile hosts and generalist ectoparasites may lead to very different gene flow patterns between the two, leading in turn to different spatial genetic structure, and potentially different demographic history. I examined how similar gene flow patterns are between Cimex adjunctus, a generalist ectoparasite of bats present throughout North America, and two of its key bat hosts. I first analyzed the continent-scale genetic structure and demographic history of C. adjunctus and compared it to that of two of its hosts, the …
The Cdk-Resistant Prb-E2f1 Complex Recruits Chromatin-Organizing Proteins To Repetitive Dna Sequences, Charles A. Ishak
The Cdk-Resistant Prb-E2f1 Complex Recruits Chromatin-Organizing Proteins To Repetitive Dna Sequences, Charles A. Ishak
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
This thesis investigates mechanistic links between genome integrity and the recruitment of chromatin organizing proteins to repetitive DNA sequences mediated by the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein (pRB). I demonstrate that a CDK-resistant interaction between the pRB C-terminus and the E2F1 coiled-coil marked box domain establishes a scaffold that facilitates recruitment of multiple chromatin-organizing proteins to repetitive sequences across the genome throughout the cell cycle. Specifically, pRB recruits the enhancer-of-zeste-homologue 2 (EZH2) histone methyltransferase to establish repressive facultative heterochromatin at repetitive sequences, and the Condensin II complex to ensure proper DNA replication and mitotic progression. To disrupt the CDK-resistant pRB-E2F1 interaction …
Investigating E2f Independent Cell Cycle Control And Tumor Suppression By Prb, Michael J. Thwaites
Investigating E2f Independent Cell Cycle Control And Tumor Suppression By Prb, Michael J. Thwaites
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Cellular division is primarily controlled at the G1 to S-phase transition of the cell cycle by the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor protein (pRB). The ability of pRB to restrict S-phase entry is primarily attributed to the repression of E2F transcription factors required to upregulate cell cycle target genes necessary for cellular division. Interestingly, while pRB is disrupted in the vast majority of human cancers, mutations typically target upstream regulators of pRB leading to inactivation through hyperphosphorylation. The rarity of direct pRB mutations suggests that the regulation of the cell cycle by pRB may involve additional mechanisms outside of E2F repression, as this …
Building Muscle: The Role Of Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-6 And Insulin-Like Growth Factors In The Differentiation Of Placental Mesenchymal Stem Cells Into Skeletal Muscle, Doaa Aboalola
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Human placenta is a readily available source for isolation of adult mesenchymal stem cell (MSC), for potential use in regenerative therapies. MSC fate is influenced by the microenvironment in vivo, and insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are critical components of the stem cell niche, as they regulate proliferation and differentiation into different lineages including bone, fat, and skeletal muscle. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-6 (IGFBP-6), relative to other IGFBPs, has high affinity for IGF2 and is believed to be the main modulator of IGF-2 function. However, the role of IGFBP-6 in muscle development has not been clearly defined. In this …
The Effects Of Acetylenic Tricyclic Bis-(Cyano Enone) On Cell Migration, Eddie Chan
The Effects Of Acetylenic Tricyclic Bis-(Cyano Enone) On Cell Migration, Eddie Chan
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Although cancer survival rates have significantly improved over the past few decades, the improvements are primarily due to early diagnosis and inhibiting cancer growth. Limited progress has been made in the treatment of cancer metastasis, which contributes to 90% of cancer related deaths, and therapeutic agents targeting the various aspects of metastasis are lacking. One potential approach is to utilize small pharmacological compounds to inhibit tumour cell motility, as a strategy against tumour cell migration, invasion, and metastasis. The acetylenic tricyclic bis-(cyano enone), TBE-31, has been shown to be a promising chemopreventative compound. However, its effects on cell migration are …
Cytosolic Acetyl-Coa Promotes Histone H3 Lysine 27 Acetylation In Arabidopsis, Chen Chen
Cytosolic Acetyl-Coa Promotes Histone H3 Lysine 27 Acetylation In Arabidopsis, Chen Chen
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) serves as a central metabolite in energy metabolism and biosynthesis. High level of acetyl-CoA can fuel the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle to generate energy and store excess energy in fatty acids. Meanwhile, it also provides acetyl groups for protein acetylation, which normally occurs at the lysine or arginine residues. Acetylation regulates protein functions largely due to the change of total charges. Acetylation of histones, for example, can lead to loss of the interaction between histone and DNA, thus relaxing chromatin structure and potentially promoting gene expression. However, whether and how acetyl-CoA regulates plant chromatin remains unexplored. Here, …