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Articles 1 - 8 of 8
Full-Text Articles in Molecular Biology
Perilipin A Is Essential For The Translocation Of Hormone-Sensitive Lipase During Lipolytic Activation. J Cell Biol, John Tansey
Perilipin A Is Essential For The Translocation Of Hormone-Sensitive Lipase During Lipolytic Activation. J Cell Biol, John Tansey
Chemistry Faculty Scholarship
A key step in lipolytic activation of adipocytes is the translocation of hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) from the cytosol to the surface of the lipid storage droplet. Adipocytes from perilipin -null animals have an elevated basal rate of lipolysis compared with adipocytes from wild-type mice, but fail to respond maximally to lipolytic stimuli. This defect is downstream of the -adrenergic receptor–adenylyl cyclase complex. Now, we show that HSL is basally associated with lipid droplet surfaces at a low level in perilipin nulls, but that stimulated translocation from the cytosol to lipid droplets is absent in adipocytes derived from embryonic fibroblasts of …
Dependence Of Endoplasmic Reticulum-Associated Degradation On The Peptide Binding Domain And Concentration Of Bip, Mehdi Kabani, Stephanie S. Kelley, Michael W. Morrow, Diana L. Montgomery, Renuka Sivendran, Mark D. Rose, Lila Gierasch, Jeffrey L. Brodsky
Dependence Of Endoplasmic Reticulum-Associated Degradation On The Peptide Binding Domain And Concentration Of Bip, Mehdi Kabani, Stephanie S. Kelley, Michael W. Morrow, Diana L. Montgomery, Renuka Sivendran, Mark D. Rose, Lila Gierasch, Jeffrey L. Brodsky
Lila Gierasch
ER-associated degradation (ERAD) removes defective and mis-folded proteins from the eukaryotic secretory pathway, but mutations in the ER lumenal Hsp70, BiP/Kar2p, compromise ERAD efficiency in yeast. Because attenuation of ERAD activates the UPR, we screened for kar2 mutants in which the unfolded protein response (UPR) was induced in order to better define how BiP facilitates ERAD. Among the kar2 mutants isolated we identified the ERAD-specific kar2-1 allele (Brodsky et al. J. Biol. Chem. 274, 3453–3460). The kar2-1 mutation resides in the peptide-binding domain of BiP and decreases BiP's affinity for a peptide substrate. Peptide-stimulated ATPase activity was also reduced, suggesting …
Purified Particulate Methane Monooxygenase From Methylococcus Capsulatus (Bath) Is A Dimer With Both Mononuclear Copper And A Copper-Containing Cluster, Raquel L. Lieberman, Deepak B. Shrestha, Peter E. Doan, Brian M. Hoffman, Timothy L. Stemmler, Amy C. Rosenzweig
Purified Particulate Methane Monooxygenase From Methylococcus Capsulatus (Bath) Is A Dimer With Both Mononuclear Copper And A Copper-Containing Cluster, Raquel L. Lieberman, Deepak B. Shrestha, Peter E. Doan, Brian M. Hoffman, Timothy L. Stemmler, Amy C. Rosenzweig
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty Publications
Particulate methane monooxygenase (pMMO) is a membrane-bound enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of methane to methanol in methanotropic bacteria. Understanding how this enzyme hydroxylates methane at ambient temperature and pressure is of fundamental chemical and potential commercial importance. Difficulties in solubilizing and purifying active pMMO have led to conflicting reports regarding its biochemical and biophysical properties, however. We have purified pMMO from Methylococcus capsulatus (Bath) and detected activity. The purified enzyme has a molecular mass of ~200 kDa, probably corresponding to an a2b2g2 polypeptide arrangement. Each 200 kDa pMMO complex contains 4.8 ± 0.8 copper ions and 1.5 ± 0.7 …
Androgen-Induced Recruitment Of Rna Polymerase Ii To A Nuclear Receptor–P160 Coactivator Complex, Maggie C. Louie, Hong Qiong Yang, Ai-Hong Ma, Wei Xu, June X. Zou, Hsing-Jien Kung, Hong-Wu Chen
Androgen-Induced Recruitment Of Rna Polymerase Ii To A Nuclear Receptor–P160 Coactivator Complex, Maggie C. Louie, Hong Qiong Yang, Ai-Hong Ma, Wei Xu, June X. Zou, Hsing-Jien Kung, Hong-Wu Chen
Collected Faculty and Staff Scholarship
The androgen receptor, like other nuclear receptors, activates target genes by binding to hormone-responsive enhancers. Here we demonstrate that androgen induces robust recruitment of androgen receptor, members of the p160 coactivator family, and CREB-binding protein/p300 specifically at the distant enhancer of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) gene. Unexpectedly, we found that RNA polymerase II (Pol II) is directly recruited to the enhancer in a hormone-dependent manner, independent of the proximal promoter, and that the isolated PSA enhancer can mediate efficient androgen induction of transcription. Inhibition of the Pol II carboxyl-terminal domain kinase activity with low concentrations of flavopiridol blocks Pol II transfer …
Rec12 (Spo11) Recominase Of Fission Yeast Promotes A Backup, Distributive Pathway For Chromosome Segregation In Meiosis I, Wallace D. Sharif, Mari K. Davidson, Wayne P. Wahls
Rec12 (Spo11) Recominase Of Fission Yeast Promotes A Backup, Distributive Pathway For Chromosome Segregation In Meiosis I, Wallace D. Sharif, Mari K. Davidson, Wayne P. Wahls
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
We studied the relationship between recombination and segregation in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. In meiosis, chromosomes undergo two rounds of segregation to produce haploid meiotic products. Crossover meiotic ecombination (chiasmata) promotes chromosome segregation during meiosis I; achiasmatic chromosomes often suffer on disjunction in meiosis I. Recl2 protein is a topoisomerase IIortholog that introduces double-strand DNA breaks that nitiate recombination. The red2 null (deletion) and active site (Y98F) mutants lack recombination and crossovers, and onsequently suffer meiosis I nondisjunction. However, null mutants chromosomes segregate to opposite poles more frequently than predicted. Thus, fission yeast has a backup, "distributive segregation" pathway …
Actin-Depolymerizing Factor Mediates Rac/Rop Gtpase-Regulated Pollen Tube Growth, C, Y, Chen, Alice Cheung, H. M. Wu
Actin-Depolymerizing Factor Mediates Rac/Rop Gtpase-Regulated Pollen Tube Growth, C, Y, Chen, Alice Cheung, H. M. Wu
Alice Cheung
Pollen tube elongation is a rapid tip growth process that is driven by a dynamic actin cytoskeleton. A ubiquitous family of actin binding proteins, actin-depolymerizing factors (ADFs)/cofilins, bind to actin filaments, induce severing, enhance depolymerization from their slow-growing end, and are important for maintaining actin dynamics in vivo. ADFs/cofilins are regulated by multiple mechanisms, among which Rho small GTPase-activated phosphorylation at a terminal region Ser residue plays an important role in regulating their actin binding and depolymerizing activity, affecting actin reorganization. We have shown previously that a tobacco pollen-specific ADF, NtADF1, is important for maintaining normal pollen tube actin cytoskeleton …
Multiple Transporters Associated With Malaria Parasite Responses To Chloroquine And Quinine, Jianbing Mu, Michael T. Ferdig, Xiaorong Feng, Deirdre A. Joy, Junhui Duan, Tetsuya Furuya, G. Subramanian, L. Aravind, Roland A. Cooper, John C. Wootton, Momia Xiong, Xin-Zhuan Su
Multiple Transporters Associated With Malaria Parasite Responses To Chloroquine And Quinine, Jianbing Mu, Michael T. Ferdig, Xiaorong Feng, Deirdre A. Joy, Junhui Duan, Tetsuya Furuya, G. Subramanian, L. Aravind, Roland A. Cooper, John C. Wootton, Momia Xiong, Xin-Zhuan Su
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
Mutations and/or overexpression of various transporters are known to confer drug resistance in a variety of organisms. In the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum, a homologue of P-glycoprotein, PfMDR1, has been implicated in responses to chloroquine (CO), quinine (ON) and other drugs, and a putative transporter, PfCRT, was recently demonstrated to be the key molecule in CO resistance. However, other unknown molecules are probably involved, as different parasite clones carrying the same pfcrt and pfmdr1 alleles show a wide range of quantitative responses to CO and ON. Such molecules may contribute to increasing incidences of ON treatment failure, the molecular basis …
Protocols For Disease Classification From Mass Spectrometry Data, Michael Wagner, Dayanand Naik, Alex Pothen
Protocols For Disease Classification From Mass Spectrometry Data, Michael Wagner, Dayanand Naik, Alex Pothen
Mathematics & Statistics Faculty Publications
We report our results in classifying protein matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionizationtime of flight mass spectra obtained from serum samples into diseased and healthy groups. We discuss in detail five of the steps in preprocessing the mass spectral data for biomarker discovery, as well as our criterion for choosing a small set of peaks for classifying the samples. Cross-validation studies with four selected proteins yielded misclassification rates in the 10-15% range for all the classification methods. Three of these proteins or protein fragments are down-regulated and one up-regulated in lung cancer, the disease under consideration in this data set. When cross-validation studies …