Zoology Commons^™

Vector Competence Of Aedes Sierrensis And Culex Pipiens Complex (Diptera: Culicidae) For Dirofilaria Immitis (Spirurida: Onchocercidae) In Northern California, Jeffrey Allan Kurosaka

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Dirofilaria immitis Leidy (dog heartworm) is a life-threatening parasite transmitted by mosquitoes to domestic dogs. Endemic in the eastern United States, cases have become more prevalent over the last few decades. While prevalence in California is generally low, Lake and San Joaquin Counties have reported rates comparable to the East Coast at 3.73% and 0.71%(CAPC 2017), respectively. Aedes sierrensis is thought to be responsible for transmission in California, but in some cases, it exists in inadequate quantities and temporal ranges to explain parasite activity. Based on Huang et al. (2013) and Tran (2016), bloodfeeding patterns, and other vector criteria, Culex …

Behavioral Variability In Captive Slow Lorises, Nycticebus Coucang (Lorisidae, Primates), Shan Dustin Duncan

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

This is a quantitative analysis of individual and sex-related variability in selected activities of captive slow lorises (Nyctivebus coucang).

Studies Of The Haematozoa Of Some Birds Of Northern California, Wayland Lee Ezell

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of the work leading to the writing of the thesis was two fold: (1) to survey birds of Northern California for hemoprotozoa of the genera Haemoproteus, Leucocytozoon, and Trypanosoma, and (2) to construct an up-to-date check-list of the Haemoproteus, Leucocytozoon, and Trypanosoma parasites of birds of North America.

The Biology Of Karyolysus Dilloni N. Sp. From Rana Aurora Draytoni, Wayne Aldo Sorsoli

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

While investigating various Amphibia of Central California for blood inhabiting parasites, the writer found a parasite in the blood of the Rod-legged Frog (Rana aurora draytoni) which exhibited the characteristics of Karyolysus, yet was different from any described; this same parasite had been previously observed by Dr. D. L. Lerhmann, Associate Professor of Zoology, University of the Pacific. In order to increase the knowledge of this form, further investigations were undertaken.

The first step was to determine the life cycle in the vertebrate host and, if possible, to find the invertebrate host and to elaborate the developmental stages in the …

The Effect Of Temperature On The Growth Rates Of Several California Frogs, Donald Avila Villeneuve

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

To date the majority of the work on the ecological significance of embryonic temperature relationships has been with Eastern Frongs. The writer is aware of only two papers describing work of this nature with California frogs: Schechtmann and Oleson (1941) working with temperature tolerance in embryos of Hyla regilla, and the work of Zweifel (1955) on the Rana boylei species group.

For this reason it seemed desireable to study the effect of temperature on the growth rates of some frogs native to California and, since work of this nature has been done with the eastern Rana catesbeiana by Moore (1942b), …

Observations On The Biology Of Schistocerca Venusta, David Allyn King

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Statement Qf the problem. The green valley grasshopper, Schistoceroa venusta Scudder, is one of the most common grasshoppers to be found in the San Joaquin Valley and environs. Despite the fact that the insect is commonplace, very little work has been done on its biology. It was the purpose of this study, therefore, to learn by field and laboratory observations of the life cycle and habits of Schistoceroa venusta.

Some Hemiurid Trematodes Of Marine Fishes Of California, Fuad Michael Nahhas

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

The following seven species of hemiurid trematodes, some with new host records, are reported in this study: Dissosaccus laevis, Genolinea laticauda, Lecithaster salmonis, Parahemiurus merus, Sterrhurus exodicus, Sterrhurus monticelli and Tubulovesicula lindbergi. Dissosaocus laeyis and Sterrhurus monticelli are reported for the first time from the West Coast of North America.

Genolinea oncorhynohi Adams and Margolis 1958 is placed in synonymy with Genolinea laticauda Manter 1925. Keys for Genolinea and Tubulovesicula species, modified from Manter (1954) are included. Two tables, one summarizing the hemiurids reported from the West Coast of North America, the other a summary of hemiurids from Monterey Bay, …

Opecoelid Trematodes From California Including A New Species, Opecoelus Nobelei, Amal Chandra Banerjee

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

The aim of this investigation was to study some of the digenetic trematodes of marine fishes from Monterey Bay, with special reference to the genus Opecoelus family Opecoelidae Ozaki 1925. Extensive work on this family has been done by Dr. D. Yaiuaguti and his colleagues in Japan. After the Allan Hancock Pacific expeditions to the Galapagos Islands in 1934. Dr. H. W. Menter described a few new species from the Galapagos and some Lexicon Islands in 1940. The same author reported a new species from La Jolla, California in 1951; but until now, no further observations have been made on …

Embryological Development Of Cucumaria Curata, Edmund Hobart Smith

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Almost no work has been done on the brooding habits of Cucumaria curata Cowles 1902 from the Pacific Coast of North America. Most of the embryological investigations of holothurians on this coast have been with species having free swimming larval forms (Johnson and Johnson, 1950). Since the majority Holothurians have planktonic larvae, a study of the direct development found in C. curate might prove beneficial in comparing the ecological distribution of this species with those having planktonic larvae. The brooding type of development is found in polar species, but seldom found in warmer waters. This may have some direct effect …

Taxonomic Studies On Adult And Larval Ascidians From California, Robert Christian Haugsten

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

The primary purpose of this research is to further morphological studies on larval ascidians and to encourage greater reliance on larval structures in ascidian taxonomy. This may necessitate some revisions in current classifications, but it is hoped that such revisions will lead to a better understanding of the group. Some general considerations of ascidians are here included for the benefit of those who may not be familiar with them. All specimens used in this study were collected at the Pacific Marine Station area at Dillon Beach, California, during June, July, and August of 1957.

New Polychrome Methods In Microtechnique, Celestino Nera Macabales

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

When the writer took an introductory course in Microtechnique in 1954-55, he was impressed by the inadequacy of some microtechnical procedures recommended in triple staining, and he felt disappointed and discouraged by the consistently inferior results. He resolved to attempt modifications or to develop a new technique which could be relied upon to achieve anticipated results. This is a report on two years of efforts to develop a simple dependable technique in polychrome staining for histological studies. The writer feels that the results are of importance to students and teachers of biological science and to microtomists. The herein proposed technique …

Studies On Gametogenesis In The Echiuroid Worm, Urechis Caupo, James Charles Hanson

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

During the spring of 1955, while attending classes at the Pacific Marine Station, under the direction of Dr. Alden E. Nobel, Chairman of the Department of Zoology, College of the Pacific, Urechis caupo was introduced as a representative of the fauna of the mud flats of Tomales Bay. The unusual manner in which this animal lives would stimulate the curiosity of any student interested in biology, and especially those associated with marine life. The fact that the animal burrows its own home in a U-shaped tunnel and dwells there with three permanent commensals (Hesperonoë adventor, Skogsberg, a plynoid annelid; and …

The Rabbit : An Illustrated Anatomical Guide, Edwin Chin Jr.

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

This study on the anatomy of the rabbit was based on dissected material from the biological laboratories of the College of the Pacific. Because of existing errors in many of the present references to rabbit anatomy, the guide was prepared to meet the expressed need for a concise, illustrated outline of basic anatomy of the rabbit which might be used by students in an introductory course in mammalian or human anatomy. Since it is assumed that the guide would be supplemented by a dissection manual, syllabus, or textbook, textural material of such an outline is presented here in outline form.

Studies On Bucephalid Cercaria Including A New Species From The Dillon Beach Area, Donald Edward Giles

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

The family Bucephalidae is unique in the class Trematoda by virtue of the mouth being situated near the mid-ventral portion of the body. Other characteristics of the family include: haptor near the anterior extremity; a simple, sac-like gut with pharynx and esophagus; genital pore ventral, just anterior to the posterior extremity; gonads posterior and vitellaria species live in the gut of marine and fresh-water fishes. The metacercariae are found encysted beneath the skin or in the nervous system of other fishes serving as second intermediate hosts. Sporocysts and cercariae have been recovered from a variety of lamellibranchs.

A generalized life …

Some Observations On Oral Protozoa Of Man, Howard Edwin Runion

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

This investigation is based upon the occurrence of oral protozoans among 25 periodontalclasial patients in Stockton, California. It is concerned, in part, with the correlation of infections with age, sex and oral health of the host and, in part, with culture techniques. The specific cultivation of Trichomonas tenax was explored in an effort to employ an improved experimental medium.

Trichomonas tenax and Endamoeba gingivalis are the only protozoans known to occur commonly in the human mouth. Distribution is cosmopolitan and there are no known endemic areas. Incidence of these two protozoans, among periodontalclasial patients, has not been reported since the …

Ascidicolous Copepods Of Dillon Beach, California, David Horace Montgomery

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Work on the copepoda parasitizing anoidiens has been relatively extensive in Europe, loss so on the East Coast of the United States and negligible on the West Coast. of this work, a major portion has been concerned with the solitary ascidians, while the colonial or compound forms have been largely neglected. The apparent lack of interest in copepods parasitizing compound be attributed to the manliness of the animals, their associations with both Zooids and the colonial matrix which makes dissection difficult and the chaotic condition of their taxonomy.

Spermatogenesis In The Sand Crab Emerita Analoga, Mario Martin Menesini

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Crustacean spermatozoa are among the most peculiarly modified germ cells in the animal kingdom. Many of their striking cytological specializations may be observed in the sperm cells or Emerita analoga, the so-called sand crab. This animal has been used by the writer for studies on spermatogenesis and on spermatozoan behavior during the summer or 1951, 1952, and 1953 at the Pacific Marine Station.

Plankton Studies Of The Tomales Bay, California, Andrew William Mcclain

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

These studies on the plankton of Tomales Bay were designed to determine the effects of such physical factors as tides, temperatures, salinities and sunshine on the quantities of various types of organisms, and to obtain a more comprehensive picture of estuarine life at the Pacific Marine Station. The studies were begun in the summer of 1948 and continued through the summer of 1953.

Although various studies have been conducted on different aspects of marine plankton, the only general treatments of the subject of which the writer is aware are those of Johnstone (1924), Ricketts and Calvin (1951), Sproaton (1949) and …

Life Cycle Studies On Stephanostomum Pacificum, A New Species Of Trematode, From The Pacific Marine Station Area, James Frank Hughes

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

This report summarizes the results of a study on the life cycle of a member of the trematode family Acanthooolpidae, genus Stephanostomum Looss, 1899, which was carried on during the summers of 1948, 1949, 1951, and the winter of 1948-49 at the Marine Station of the College or the Pacific at Dillon Beach, California. Only one previous experimental work has been done on the life cycle of any member of this family. Martin (1939) reported the life cycle of Stephanostomum tenue (Linton) which he had obtained at Woods Hole, Massachusetts. Modifications of his technical procedures have been used in this …

The Status Of Beavers In The Delta Area Of The San Joaquin River, San Joaquin County, California, 1950-1951, Delbert David Cram

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

The term “delta area” refers to a region roughly 40 miles long and 15 miles wide situated 65 miles east of San Francisco Bay where the San Joaquin and Sacramento Rivers join and enter Suisun Bay. The waterways in this area are fresh water from these rivers, but they are affected by the ocean tides and to some extent by the salinity of the ocean water. The rgeion ecompasses about 507,000 acres, most of which has been reclaimed for agricultural purposes by the construction of levees to contain the tides and high waters. The word “islands” is used locally to …

Observations On A New Cystophorous Cercaria From Marine Snails, Jack Edward Copsey

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

A survey of the trematode parasites of marine fishes of Tomales and Bodega Bays, California, was instituted In the Spring of 1948. Many adult forms were obtained, but the search progressively narrowed Itself to a study of the larval trematodss of an area of Tomales Bay, known, as Nick's Cove. Here an interesting cystophorous cercaria was discovered in the littoral snail, Thais emarglnata.

Studies On The Ecological Distribution Of The Genus Tegula At Bodega Bay, California, Allen Emmert Breed

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

This paper is primarily a study of the factors contributing to the distribution of Tegula funebralis and Tegula brunnea in the vicinity of Bodega Bay, California. The two species seldom appear extensively together in the same zone. Tegula brunnea is found on the exposed outer coast of Tomales Point, but not in the immediate zone of Tegula funebralis. Tegula funebralis is found at some points north of Dillon Beach, but it is rarely in the presence of abundant Tegula brunnea. The writer hopes that his efforts may lay a basis for more ecological studies of this genera on the Pacific …

Trypanosoma Barbari, A New Species From The Newt Triturus Torosus, Donald Lewis Lehmann

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Whlle making studies of the parasites of fishes and amphibians at the Pacific Marine Station, Dillon Beach, California, during August, 1949, the writer encountered a hitherto unreported trypanasome from a female Triturus torosua. From the information obtained from the one smear, which was stained, the animal was presumed to be monomorphic, However, during February, 1950, a search was made expressly for the purpose of' obtaining specimens of this Pacific Coast newt, and of the eight animals examined six were parasitized. Contrary to the primary observations, evidence was accumulated which proved beyond any doubt that the flagellate is polymorphic and that, …

Crop Damage By Wildlife In California ; With Special Emphasis On Deer And Waterfowl, Earl Roy Biehn

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

The problem of crop damage by wildlife is not a new one in California, but it has assumed a role of major economic importance only during the last few decades. Since this problem was first encountered in California, it has steadily increased in size and scope, until today in many areas of the state it is an important economic problem of the farmer; a pressing management problem for the biologists and wildlife technicians of the California Division of Fish and Game; a constant challenge to the game management agents of the Federal Fish and Wildlife Service; a great concern of …

A Survey Of The Adult Trematodes From Fishes Of The Pacific Marine Station Area, William Franklin Johnson

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

An effort is here made to assemble all of our knowledge of all adult trematodes which have been found in the fishes of the Pacific Marine Station Area. This includes publications, unpublished material such as graduate theses, and specimens herein described for the first time. It is hoped that this endeavor will facilitate further investigation in trematodology and that this paper will be an aid in identification of trematodes subsequently discovered.

Studies On Larval Trematodes From Tomales Bay, California, Leroy H. Fisk

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Very little is known of the development, life history, economic importance, of biological relationships of larval trematodes, especially in their molluscan and arthropod hosts on the Pacfic Coast. The comparatively few contributions to our knowledge have been from scattered and fragmentary observations. The purpose of this study was to expand our knowledge and to lay a foundation for further work on trematode life cycles in marine organisms. The area selected for special investigation was Nick's Cove, Tomales Bay, California.

A Study Of The Littoral Marine Isopod Crustacea Of The Dillon Beach Area, Robert James Menzies

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

The primary purpose of this study was to provide accurate diagnoses of the littoral marine isopod crustacea in the Dillon Beach area. Such a purpose involved a much more complete study of the anatomy of the species represented in the fauna than was heretofore performed. Certain anatomical structures deemed by earlier writers as specifically diagnostic are demonstrated to be unreliable and in a great many instances other structures previously neither described or figured by American writers are considered of paramount importance in species identification. The number and magnitude of the changes proposed in this paper as illustrated in outline form …

Some Microtechnical Experiments And Recommendations Of New Prestaining Techniques, Edward D. Wood

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

The preparation and staining of biological structures for microscopic examination is of extreme importance to the science of biology since almost all phases of biological advance are, at least to some degree, dependent upon microtechnical methods. Nevertheless, research workers and students of biological science are sooner or later impressed with the inadequacy of many of the microtechnical methods used by them and their colleagues. In the field of microtechnique there is difficulty in finding standardized methods which will uniformly bring optimum results. Throughout most procedures there seem to be variables over which no definite controls have been established. Microtechniques have, …

A Survey Of Intestinal Protozoa At The Stockton State Hospital : Stockton, California, Lawrence Melvin Gholz

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

During the past months much has been published in periodicals, especially those of a pictorial nature, which discredits institutions established for the care of' the mentally ill throughout the nation. Many articles have been presented which show an intelligent approach, but the majority of these treatments are by those who are basing too much on a very narrow experience. For example, one news magazine recently printed a picture of a mental patient in institutional garb sitting on a bench in one of the poses most characteristic of a catatonic. The caption of the picture seemed to ignore this significant fact …

Contributions To The Study On Helminth Fauna Of Dillon Beach, Francis C. Gale

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Studies on trematodes of marine organisms of the Pacific Coast have been of a scattered and fragmentary nature. J. Stafford (1904) collected and described a number of trematodes from fishes of the north Pacific, but, in his historical survey, Manter (1926) fails to mention specifically any studies covering the waters south of Canada. More recently, in the United States, several contributions to the field have been made by Dr. John E. Guberlet at the University of Washington and at the College of the Pacific by Dr. Alden Noble, under whose guidance this study was made. James Park (1937) revised the …