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Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World by Paul A. Johnsgard

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Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World: Tribe Cereopsini (Cape Barren Goose), Paul A. Johnsgard Jan 2010

Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World: Tribe Cereopsini (Cape Barren Goose), Paul A. Johnsgard

Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World by Paul A. Johnsgard

Cape Barren Goose
Several recent studies have suggested that this unusual Australian gooselike bird is not very closely related to either the true geese or the sheldgeese, although it shares some traits with both groups. It has some unique traits, such as its unusually swollen bill, its adaptations to a terrestrial existence on the coastline and islands of the Bass Strait, and its very simple syringeal structure. Like the freckled duck, it is perhaps best considered as a survivor of a group transitional between the two major subfamilies of waterfowl that exist at the present time.


Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World: Tribe Merganettini (Torrent Duck), Paul A. Johnsgard Jan 2010

Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World: Tribe Merganettini (Torrent Duck), Paul A. Johnsgard

Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World by Paul A. Johnsgard

Torrent Duck
This remarkable stream-dwelling duck of the Andean mountains is certainly one of the most specialized of all waterfowl, and in part its anatomical and behavioral specializations have obscured its basic relationships, which appear to be with either the perching ducks or the dabbling ducks. In the absence of definitive evidence, it seems reasonable to maintain a separate tribe for this species, which exists as a series of relatively isolated populations between Venezuela and Tierra del Fuego that vary greatly in male plumage characteristics. Torrent ducks are essentially cavity- or ledge-nesting forms, although only a few nests have been …


Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World: Tribe Stictonettini (Freckled Duck), Paul A. Johnsgard Jan 2010

Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World: Tribe Stictonettini (Freckled Duck), Paul A. Johnsgard

Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World by Paul A. Johnsgard

Freckled Duck
Even more than the Cape Barren goose, the freckled duck exhibits an assortment of anatomical traits that suggest affinities with the geese and swans, in spite of a fairly typical ducklike appearance and foraging behavior. Its unpatterned downy young, its remarkably primitive syringeal structure, and its reticulated tarsus all strongly argue for the position that this species is the sole survivor of a very ancient waterfowl lineage, with no near living relatives. A detailed study of its social behavior is greatly to be desired, for like the magpie goose, it provides an unequaled opportunity to gain insight into …


Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World: Tribe Anseranatini (Magpie Goose), Paul A. Johnsgard Jan 2010

Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World: Tribe Anseranatini (Magpie Goose), Paul A. Johnsgard

Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World by Paul A. Johnsgard

Other vernacular names. Semipalmated goose, pied goose, black-and-white goose; Spaltfussgans (German); oie pie (French); gans overo o pintado (Spanish).

This is the only species of true waterfowl with only partially webbed feet. Adults of both sexes are black on the head, neck, wings, rump, and tail, and white elsewhere. The bill is long and straight, with a well-developed nail at the tip; as in swans, the head is featherless back to the eyes. Females resemble males but are somewhat smaller, lack an enlarged bony crown, and have a higher-pitched voice. Adult males have an elongated trachea that loops downward between …


Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World: Tribe Tachyerini (Steamer Ducks), Paul A. Johnsgard Jan 2010

Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World: Tribe Tachyerini (Steamer Ducks), Paul A. Johnsgard

Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World by Paul A. Johnsgard

Flying Steamer Duck
Magellanic Flightless Steamer Duck
Falkland Flightless Steamer Duck

The South American steamer ducks have at times been included with the shelducks, but differ enough from them in structure and behavior to be regarded as a separate but closely related tribe. There are three species very similar in appearance; two are essentially flightless. All are found off the coasts of southern South America and the Falkland Islands, where they feed on mollusks and other marine invertebrates. The males differ slightly from females in their plumage and vocalizations, but in both sexes iridescent coloration is totally lacking and only …


Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World: Tribe Dendrocygnini (Whistling Or Tree Ducks), Paul A. Johnsgard Jan 2010

Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World: Tribe Dendrocygnini (Whistling Or Tree Ducks), Paul A. Johnsgard

Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World by Paul A. Johnsgard

Spotted Whistling Duck
Plumed Whistling Duck
Fulvous Whistling Duck
Wandering Whistling Duck
Lesser Whistling Duck
White-faced Whistling Duck
Cuban Whistling Duck
Magellan Goose
Black-bellied Whistling Duck
White-backed Duck

The whistling ducks are a group of nine species, eight of which are readily placed in the single genus Dendrocygna, or "tree ducks." However, they are not primarily perching birds, and thus "whistling ducks" is a better vernacular designation than the frequently used "tree ducks." In nearly all species both sexes utter a clear, often multisyllabic whistle that readily identifies the bird as to its species and apparently provides important communication signals …


Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World: Contents, Preface, & Introduction, Paul A. Johnsgard Jan 2010

Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World: Contents, Preface, & Introduction, Paul A. Johnsgard

Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World by Paul A. Johnsgard

Inasmuch as the primary purpose of this book is to provide information on each of the species of the waterfowl family in a standardized format and easily accessible manner, it is important that the reader have some knowledge of the basis for my sequential organization of these species. A variety of attempts to provide a "natural" classification, or one that best reflects actual evolutionary relationships, of the family Anatidae have been made in recent years, with most of them being minor variations on a scheme first proposed by Jean Delacour and Ernst Mayr in 1945. In this landmark classification, emphasis …


Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World: Tribe Cairinini (Perching Ducks), Paul A. Johnsgard Jan 2010

Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World: Tribe Cairinini (Perching Ducks), Paul A. Johnsgard

Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World by Paul A. Johnsgard

Spur-winged Goose
Muscovy Duck
White-winged Wood Duck
Comb Duck
Hartlaub Duck
Green Pygmy Goose
Cotton Pygmy Goose
African Pygmy Goose
Ringed Teal
North American Wood Duck
Mandarin Duck
Australian Wood Duck
Brazilian Teal

This group of 13 species of primarily perching waterfowl is a rather heterogeneous assemblage of birds that are not easily characterized. In addition to being generally perching and cavity-nesting, they also have fairly wide, rounded wings, elongated tails, and sometimes also relatively long legs. Many of the species exhibit a great deal of iridescent coloration in their plumage, even among females, and in a few species nearly …


Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World: Tribe Tadornini (Sheldgeese And Shelducks), Paul A. Johnsgard Jan 2010

Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World: Tribe Tadornini (Sheldgeese And Shelducks), Paul A. Johnsgard

Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World by Paul A. Johnsgard

Blue-winged Goose
Andean Goose
Magellan Goose
Kelp Goose
Ashy-headed Sheldgoose
Ruddy-headed Sheldgoose
Orinoco Goose
Egyptian Goose
Ruddy Shelduck
Cape Shelduck
Australian Shelduck
New Zealand Shelduck
Crested Shelduck
Northern (Common) Shelduck
Radjah Shelduck

The most gooselike species of the subfamily Anatinae are the sheldgeese, which together with the closely related shelducks constitute the tribe Tadornini. This group of 14 species has a worldwide distribution except for North America. The typical sheldgeese are grazing birds, the ecological counterparts of the true geese, while the shelducks are mostly wading and dabbling birds, frequently feeding to a large extent on aquatic invertebrates. In all …


Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World: Tribe Anserini (Swans And True Geese), Paul A. Johnsgard Jan 2010

Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World: Tribe Anserini (Swans And True Geese), Paul A. Johnsgard

Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World by Paul A. Johnsgard

Mute Swan
Black Swan
Black-necked Swan
Trumpeter Swan
Whooper Swan
Whistling Swan
Bewick Swan
Coscoroba Swan
Swan Goose
Bean Goose
White-fronted Goose
Lesser White-fronted Goose
Graylag Goose
Bar-headed Goose
Snow Goose
Ross Goose
Emperor Goose
Hawaiian Goose
Canada Goose
Barnacle Goose
Brant
Red-breasted Goose

The swans and true geese are moderately to extremely large waterfowl, which in common with the whistling ducks have plumage patterns that are alike in both sexes and lack iridescent coloration, and they also possess reticulated scale patterns on the tarsal surfaces. Most of the 20 species are found in the cooler parts of the Northern …


Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World: Tribe Anatini (Dabbling Or Surface-Feeding Ducks), Paul A. Johnsgard Jan 2010

Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World: Tribe Anatini (Dabbling Or Surface-Feeding Ducks), Paul A. Johnsgard

Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World by Paul A. Johnsgard

Blue Duck ● Salvadori Duck ● African Black Duck ● Eurasian Wigeon ● American Wigeon ● Chiloe Wigeon ● Falcated Duck ● Gadwall ● Baikal Teal ● Green-winged Teal ● Speckled Teal ● Cape Teal ● Madagascan Teal ● Gray Teal ● Chestnut Teal ● Brown Teal ● Mallard ● North American Black Duck ● Meller Duck ● Yellow-billed Duck ● Gray Duck ● Philippine Duck ● Bronze-winged Duck ● Crested Duck ● Pintail ● Brown Pintail ● White-cheeked Pintail ● Red-billed Pintail ● Silver Teal ● Hottentot Teal ● Garganey ● Blue-winged Teal ● Cinnamon Teal ● Red Shoveler …


Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World: Index, Paul A. Johnsgard Jan 2010

Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World: Index, Paul A. Johnsgard

Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World by Paul A. Johnsgard

The following index is limited to the species of Anatidae; species of other bird families are not indexed, nor are subspecies included. However, vernacular names applied to certain subspecies that sometimes are considered full species are included, as are some generic names that are not utilized in this book but which are still sometimes applied to particular species or species groups. Complete indexing is limited to the entries that correspond to the vernacular names utilized in this book; in these cases the primary species account is indicated in italics. Other vernacular or scientific names are indexed to the section of …


Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World: Sources Cited, Paul A. Johnsgard Jan 2010

Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World: Sources Cited, Paul A. Johnsgard

Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World by Paul A. Johnsgard

350+ citations


Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World: Tribe Oxyurini (Stiff-Tailed Ducks), Paul A. Johnsgard Jan 2010

Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World: Tribe Oxyurini (Stiff-Tailed Ducks), Paul A. Johnsgard

Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World by Paul A. Johnsgard

Black-headed Duck
Masked Duck
Ruddy Duck
White-headed Duck
Maccoa Duck
Argentine Blue-billed Duck
Australian Blue-billed Duck
Musk Duck

The stiff-tailed ducks are characterized by several unusual features in addition to their long, stiffened tail feathers that serve as underwater rudders. Among other adaptations are their very large feet, which are placed so far back on the body that it is difficult for these birds to walk on land. The body feathers are small, numerous, and have a grebe-like sheen, and the wings are so short that takeoff and flight is attained with difficulty. All of the species have relatively short …


Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World: Tribe Mergini (Sea Ducks), Paul A. Johnsgard Jan 2010

Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World: Tribe Mergini (Sea Ducks), Paul A. Johnsgard

Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World by Paul A. Johnsgard

Eider (Common Eider) ● King Eider ● Spectacled Eider ● Steller Eider ● Labrador Duck ● Harlequin Duck ● Long-tailed Duck (Oldsquaw) ● Black Scoter ● Surf Scoter ● White-winged Scoter ● Bufflehead ● BroBarrow Goldeneye ● Common Goldeneye ● Hooded Merganser ● Smew ● Brazilian Merganser ● Red-breasted Merganser ● Chinese Merganser ● Goosander (Common Merganser) ● Auckland Island Merganser

The sea duck tribe, which here includes the eiders, consists of 20 species that are all superb diving birds. They are found in fresh-water as well as marine habitats, and primarily have Northern Hemisphere distribution patterns. Except for the …


Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World: Color Photographs, Paul A. Johnsgard Jan 2010

Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World: Color Photographs, Paul A. Johnsgard

Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World by Paul A. Johnsgard

1. White-faced whistling duck, adult
2. Magpie goose, pair with male in foreground
3. Spotted whistling duck, female with brood
4. Plumed whistling duck, pair
5. Lesser whistling duck, pair
6. Black-bellied whistling duck, pair dabbling
7. African white-backed duck, adult male
8. Mute swan, male wing-flapping
9. Black swan, female and brood
10. Black-necked swan, pair carrying brood
11. Trumpeter swan, adult and cygnet
12. Whooper swan, pair and four juveniles
13. Bewick swan, adult and brood
14. Coscoroba swan, adult
15. Lesser white-fronted goose, pair
16. Eastern graylag goose, female and brood
17. Lesser snow goose, female and …


The World’S Waterfowl In The 21st Century: A 2010 Supplement To Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World, Paul A. Johnsgard Jan 2010

The World’S Waterfowl In The 21st Century: A 2010 Supplement To Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World, Paul A. Johnsgard

Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World by Paul A. Johnsgard

Since the 1978 publication of my Ducks, Geese and Swans of the World hundreds if not thousands of publications on the Anatidae have appeared, making a comprehensive literature supplement and text updating impossible. Janet Kear’s (2005) survey of the waterfowl family Anatidae and closely related screamers of the family Anhimidae included more than 3,700 references, of which a significant proportion appeared later than 1978. My revision of the Anseriformes (families Anatidae and Anhimidae) for the 2nd edition of J. C. Peters’ Check-List of the Birds of the World (Johnsgard, 1979) closely followed the classification structure and taxonomic sequence that had …


Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World: Glossary And Vernacular Name Derivations, Paul A. Johnsgard Jan 2010

Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World: Glossary And Vernacular Name Derivations, Paul A. Johnsgard

Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World by Paul A. Johnsgard

Approximate 250 terms: "Amphipoda" through "Xerophytic"


Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World, Revised Edition [Complete Work], Paul A. Johnsgard Jan 2010

Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World, Revised Edition [Complete Work], Paul A. Johnsgard

Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World by Paul A. Johnsgard

The only one-volume comprehensive survey of the family Anatidae available in English, this book combines lavish illustration with information on the natural history, distribution and status, and identification of all the species.

After an introductory discussion of the thirteen tribes of Anatidae, separate accounts follow for each of the nearly 150 recognized species. These include scientific and vernacular names (in French, German, and Spanish as well as English), descriptions of the distribution of all recognized subspecies, selected weights and measurements, and identification criteria for both sexes and various age classes. The “Natural History” section of each species account considers habitats, …


Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World: Tribe Aythyini (Pochards), Paul A. Johnsgard Jan 2010

Ducks, Geese, And Swans Of The World: Tribe Aythyini (Pochards), Paul A. Johnsgard

Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World by Paul A. Johnsgard

Pink-headed Duck ● Red-crested Pochard ● Southern Pochard ● Rosybill ● Canvasback ● Eurasian Pochard ● Redhead ● Ring-necked Duck ● Australasian White-eye ● Siberian White-eye (Baer Pochard) ● Ferruginous White-eye ● Madagascan White-eye ● Tufted Duck ● New Zealand Scaup ● Greater Scaup ● Lesser Scaup

This tribe of primarily fresh-water diving ducks contains 16 species that collectively may be called pochards. The tribe has a nearly worldwide distribution, but only a few of its species have ranges that extend beyond a single continent. In addition to 15 species that are very similar in body proportions and diving adaptations, …