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- Biological Sciences Peer-Reviewed Articles (9)
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- Chesapeake Bay; White Marlin; Recreational Fishery; Diving Behavior; North-Carolina; Temperature; Movements; Mortality; Migration; Release (1)
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- Non-Calanoid Copepods; Vertical-Distribution; Chesapeake Bay; Acartia-Tonsa; Coral-Reefs; Red-Sea; Carcasses; Plankton; Ocean; Community (1)
- Nonconsumptive Mortality; Enzymatic-Activity; Attached Bacteria; Midsummer Decline; Crustacean Zooplankton; Daphnia-Galeata; Eutrophic Lake; Chesapeake Bay; Diatom Bloom; Dynamics (1)
- Oyster Ostrea-Edulis; North-Western Australia; N. Sp Haplosporidia; Minchinia Sp Haplosporida; Pinctada-Maxima Jameson; European Flat Oyster; Bonamia Sp; Spore Ornamentation; Tiostrea-Chilensis; Fine-Structure (1)
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- Phytoplankton Assemblage Composition; Shelf Waters; Globosa Prymnesiophyceae; Marine-Phytoplankton; Community Structure; Coastal Waters; Growth-Rates; Cell-Size; Iron; Abundance (1)
- Rare-Earth-Metal; Longline Fishery; Pacific Halibut; Spiny Dogfish; Electroreception; Atlantic; Collapse; Bycatch; Growth; Ocean (1)
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Articles 1 - 18 of 18
Full-Text Articles in Aquaculture and Fisheries
First Records Of Hypleurochilus Geminatus And Centropristis Philadelphica From Chesapeake Bay, Aimee D. Halvorson
First Records Of Hypleurochilus Geminatus And Centropristis Philadelphica From Chesapeake Bay, Aimee D. Halvorson
VIMS Articles
During the fall of 2007, Centropristis philadelphica (rock seabass) and Hypleurochilus geminatus (crested blenny) were collected from Chesapeake Bay. These captures are significant as they represent the first substantiated record of C. philadelphica from Chesapeake Bay and only the second and third validated records of H. geminatus. Additionally, the first record of H. geminatus from Chesapeake Bay was only recently recognized since the specimen had been previously misidentified as Parablennius marmoreus (seaweed blenny). The collection of seven individuals of H. geminatus in 2007, from two locations, indicates that the species may be resident within the Chesapeake Bay estuary.
Abstracts Of Technical Papers Presented At The 101st Annual Meeting National Shellfisheries Association Savannah, Georgia March 22–26, 2009, National Shellfisheries Association
Abstracts Of Technical Papers Presented At The 101st Annual Meeting National Shellfisheries Association Savannah, Georgia March 22–26, 2009, National Shellfisheries Association
VIMS Articles
No abstract provided.
Idiopathic Lesions And Visual Deficits In The American Lobster (Homarus Americanus) From Long Island Sound, Ny, Christopher R. Magel, Jeffrey D. Shields, Richard Brill
Idiopathic Lesions And Visual Deficits In The American Lobster (Homarus Americanus) From Long Island Sound, Ny, Christopher R. Magel, Jeffrey D. Shields, Richard Brill
VIMS Articles
In 1999, a mass mortality of the American lobster (Homarus americanus) occurred in western Long Island Sound (WLIS). Although the etiology of this event remains unknown, bottom water temperature, hypoxia, heavy metal poisoning, and pesticides are potential causal factors. Lobsters from WLIS continue to display signs of morbidity, including lethargy and cloudy grey eyes that contain idiopathic lesions. As the effect of these lesions on lobster vision is unknown, we used electroretinography (ERG) to document changes in visual function in lobsters from WLIS, while using histology to quantify the extent of physical damage. Seventy-three percent of lobsters from WLIS showed …
A Molecular Phylogeny Of The Remoras And Their Relatives, Kn Gray, Jan Mcdowell, Bb Collette, Je Graves
A Molecular Phylogeny Of The Remoras And Their Relatives, Kn Gray, Jan Mcdowell, Bb Collette, Je Graves
VIMS Articles
The Echeneoidea comprise three families of cosmopolitan tropical/subtropical marine fishes: the Echeneidae (remoras), Coryphaenidae (dolphin fishes), and Rachycentridae (cobia). Complete nucleotide sequences from the mitochondrial 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, protein-coding ND2, and nuclear ITS-1 gene regions were used to reconstruct the phylogenetic history of these fishes. Parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian analyses of combined data sets resolved trees of similar topology. Congruent with evolutionary hypotheses based on larval morphology, a monophyletic Rachycentridae + Coryphaenidae was resolved with high support. Within a monophyletic Echeneidae, the subfamilies Echeneinae and Remorinae were monophyletic. In agreement with recent morphological analyses, the genus Remora was …
Use Of Pop-Up Satellite Archival Tag Technology To Study Postrelease Survival Of And Habitat Use By Estuarine And Coastal Fishes: An Application To Striped Bass (Morone Saxatilis), John E. Graves, Andrij Z. Horodysky, Robert J. Latour
Use Of Pop-Up Satellite Archival Tag Technology To Study Postrelease Survival Of And Habitat Use By Estuarine And Coastal Fishes: An Application To Striped Bass (Morone Saxatilis), John E. Graves, Andrij Z. Horodysky, Robert J. Latour
VIMS Articles
Pop-up satellite archival tags (PSATs) have been used to study movements, habitat use, and postrelease survival of large pelagic vertebrates, but the size of these tags has historically precluded their use on smaller coastal species. To evaluate a new generation of smaller PSATs for the study of postrelease survival and habitat use of coastal species, we attached Microwave Telemetry, Inc., X-tags to ten striped bass (Morone saxatilis) 94-112 cm total length (TL) caught on J hooks and circle hooks during the winter recreational fishery in Virginia. Tags collected temperature and depth information every five minutes and detached from the fish …
Species-Specific Differences In Long-Chain N-3 Essential Fatty Acid, Sterol, And Steroidal Ketone Production In Six Heterotrophic Protist Species, Fle Chu, Ed Lund, Pr Littreal, Ke Ruck, E Harvey
Species-Specific Differences In Long-Chain N-3 Essential Fatty Acid, Sterol, And Steroidal Ketone Production In Six Heterotrophic Protist Species, Fle Chu, Ed Lund, Pr Littreal, Ke Ruck, E Harvey
VIMS Articles
We investigated the capability and species-specific differences in long-chain n-3 essential fatty acid (LCn-3EFA), sterol, and steroidal ketone production of 6 heterotrophic protists: 3 thecate dinoflagellates (Cryptoperidiniopsis brodyi, Pfiesteria piscicida, and Luciella masanensis), 1 athecate dinoflagellate (Amphidinium longum), 1 herbivorous ciliate (Strombidinopsis sp.), and 1 bacterivorous ciliate (Uronema sp.) by feeding them algae (Rhodomonas salina or Dunaliella tertiolecta) or bacteria. The 3 thecate species did not convert algal sterols to other usual and common sterols. Instead, they produced sterols and steroidal ketones, such as dinosterol, dinostanol, dinosterone, and dinostanone, usually found in autotrophic dinoflagellates when fed R. salina or D. …
Size-Fractionated Photosynthesis/Irradiance Relationships During Phaeocystis Antarctica-Dominated Blooms In The Ross Sea, Antarctica, Ar Shields, Walker O. Smith Jr.
Size-Fractionated Photosynthesis/Irradiance Relationships During Phaeocystis Antarctica-Dominated Blooms In The Ross Sea, Antarctica, Ar Shields, Walker O. Smith Jr.
VIMS Articles
In the Ross Sea, there are two major phytoplankton functional groups: diatoms and prymnesiophytes (dominated by Phaeocystis antarctica). Phaeocystis antarctica often occurs in colonial form, but also as solitary cells, and the two forms have distinct ecological roles. A comparison of the growth characteristics of solitary and colonial forms of Phaeocystis sp. is essential to understanding the differential impact each has on biogeochemical and ecological processes, and to allow parameterization of each form in numerical models. We measured the biomass and photosynthetic responses of two size fractions (> 20 and < 20 mu m), representing colonies and solitary cells, at locations dominated by P. antarctica to assess the relative photosynthetic potential of the two forms. While the relative contribution of each form to total P. antarctica biomass differed among years, there were no significant differences between maximum photosynthetic rates of colonial and solitary forms within years. Substantial interannual variations in biomass and maximum photosynthetic rates normalized to chlorophyll a (PmB) and initial light-limited rates of photosynthesis (alpha) were observed among years for the colonial fractions; however, interannual variations in maximum rates of photosynthesis or alpha of solitary cells were not observed. A laboratory experiment with P. antarctica, together with field data, showed that growth stage of colonies strongly affected the maximum photosynthetic rates. Under nutrient-replete conditions and exponential growth, colonial cells had higher maximum photosynthetic rates than solitary cells, but as growth rate declined and senescence began, the solitary cells' rates became greater. This may be a reason for the high abundance of colonies that is often found in the Ross Sea during austral spring. Our results suggest that photosynthetic rates may influence the composition of the morphotypes of Phaeocystis, but do not appear to be the sole factor in regulating this critical biological variable.
Deep-Sea Mystery Solved: Astonishing Larval Transformations And Extreme Sexual Dimorphism Unite Three Fish Families, Gd Johnson, Jr Paxton, Tt Sutton, Tp Satoh, T Sado, M Miya
Deep-Sea Mystery Solved: Astonishing Larval Transformations And Extreme Sexual Dimorphism Unite Three Fish Families, Gd Johnson, Jr Paxton, Tt Sutton, Tp Satoh, T Sado, M Miya
VIMS Articles
The oceanic bathypelagic realm (1000-4000 m) is a nutrient-poor habitat. Most fishes living there have pelagic larvae using the rich waters of the upper 200 m. Morphological and behavioural specializations necessary to occupy such contrasting environments have resulted in remarkable developmental changes and life-history strategies. We resolve a long-standing biological and taxonomic conundrum by documenting the most extreme example of ontogenetic metamorphoses and sexual dimorphism in vertebrates. Based on morphology and mitogenomic sequence data, we show that fishes currently assigned to three families with greatly differing morphologies, Mirapinnidae (tapetails), Megalomycteridae (bignose fishes) and Cetomimidae (whalefishes), are larvae, males and females, …
Inter-Relationships Of Haplosporidians Deduced From Ultrastructural Studies, Pm Hine, Ryan Carnegie, Em Burreson, My Engelsma
Inter-Relationships Of Haplosporidians Deduced From Ultrastructural Studies, Pm Hine, Ryan Carnegie, Em Burreson, My Engelsma
VIMS Articles
We reviewed papers reporting haplosporidian ultrastructure to compare inter-relationships based on ultrastructure with those based on molecular data, to identify features that may be important in haplosporidian taxonomy, and to consider parasite taxonomy in relation to host taxonomy. There were links between the following: (1) the plasmodia of an abalone parasite, Haplosporidium nelsoni and Urosporidium crescens in the release of haplosporosomes; (2) H. costale and H. armoricanum in haplosporosome shape and presence and shape of Golgi in spores; (3) basal asporous crustacean haplosporidians which form haplosporosomes from formative bodies (FBs) in vegetative stages - H. nelsoni, which forms haplosporosomes from …
Introduction To The First Symposium On The Biology Of The Parasitic Crustacea, Jeffrey D. Shields, Cb Boyko
Introduction To The First Symposium On The Biology Of The Parasitic Crustacea, Jeffrey D. Shields, Cb Boyko
VIMS Articles
No abstract provided.
The Bridge Web Site Growing And Sustaining Partnerships Between Ocean Science And Education, Vp Clark, La Lawrence, C Petrone, L Larkin
The Bridge Web Site Growing And Sustaining Partnerships Between Ocean Science And Education, Vp Clark, La Lawrence, C Petrone, L Larkin
VIMS Articles
No abstract provided.
An Investigation Of The Global Population Structure Of The Marlinsucker (Remora Osteochir) Inferred From Mitochondrial Control Region Dna Sequence Analysis, Gn Kurtis, Jan Mcdowell, Bb Collette, John Graves
An Investigation Of The Global Population Structure Of The Marlinsucker (Remora Osteochir) Inferred From Mitochondrial Control Region Dna Sequence Analysis, Gn Kurtis, Jan Mcdowell, Bb Collette, John Graves
VIMS Articles
Nucleotide sequences from the hypervariable mitochondrial control region were used to investigate phylogeographic structuring in the marlinsucker, Remora osteochir (Cuvier, 1829). Complete DNA sequences were isolated from 71 individuals collected from seven geographically distant sample locations (5 Atlantic and 2 Pacific). Analyses of molecular variance (AMOVA) and Phi st resolved significant levels of population structuring among collections from the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, whereas negligible levels of population structuring were resolved among collections from within the Atlantic or Pacific oceans. Cluster analysis of haplotypes based upon inter-haplotype divergences resolved two distinct evolutionary lineages, one composed of haplotypes that only occurred …
Effects Of Food On Bacterial Community Composition Associated With The Copepod Acartia Tonsa Dana, K Tang, C Dziallas, K Hutalle-Schmelzer, Hp Grossart
Effects Of Food On Bacterial Community Composition Associated With The Copepod Acartia Tonsa Dana, K Tang, C Dziallas, K Hutalle-Schmelzer, Hp Grossart
VIMS Articles
The estuarine copepod Acartia tonsa naturally carried diverse strains of bacteria on its body. The bacterial community composition (BCC) remained very conservative even when the copepod was fed different axenic algal species, indicating that the food per se did not much affect BCC associated with the copepod. In xenic algal treatments, however, copepod-associated BCC differed with each alga fed, even though the same bacterial source was used to inoculate the algae. In addition, starved copepods taken at the same location but at different times significantly differed in their BCC. Algal species composition and copepod life history therefore serve to regulate …
Survival And Recovery Of Phaeocystis Antarctica (Prymnesiophyceae) From Prolonged Darkness And Freezing, Kw Tang, Walker O. Smith Jr., Ar Shields, Dt Elliott
Survival And Recovery Of Phaeocystis Antarctica (Prymnesiophyceae) From Prolonged Darkness And Freezing, Kw Tang, Walker O. Smith Jr., Ar Shields, Dt Elliott
VIMS Articles
The colony-forming haptophyte Phaeocystis antarctica is an important primary producer in the Ross Sea, and must survive long periods of darkness and freezing temperature in this extreme environment. We conducted experiments on the responses of P. antarctica-dominated phytoplankton assemblages to prolonged periods of darkness and freezing. Chlorophyll and photosynthetic capacity of the alga declined nonlinearly and independently of each other in the dark, and darkness alone would potentially reduce photosynthetic capacity by only 60 per cent over 150 days (approximately the length of the Antarctic winter in the southern Ross Sea). The estimated reduction of colonial mucous carbon is higher …
Microbial Activities Accompanying Decomposition Of Cladoceran And Copepod Carcasses Under Different Environmental Conditions, Kw Tang, Sl Bickel, C Dziallas, Hp Grossart
Microbial Activities Accompanying Decomposition Of Cladoceran And Copepod Carcasses Under Different Environmental Conditions, Kw Tang, Sl Bickel, C Dziallas, Hp Grossart
VIMS Articles
Cladoceran and copepod carcasses in both marine and freshwater environments represent concentrated reservoirs of organic substrates for water column bacteria. We studied the microbial abundance, activities, and diversity associated with decomposing carcasses of different zooplankton species over short and long time scales, and in oligotrophic vs. eutrophic environments. Fresh carcasses of Daphnia cucullata, Diaphanosoma brachyurum, and Eudiaptomus gracilis were rapidly colonized by bacteria, which reached peak abundances within 1.5 d at 20 degrees C and then decreased. Cell-specific exoenzymatic activity on protein and lipid analogs and production rate of bacteria associated with the carcasses were all higher than in the …
The Repulsive And Feeding-Deterrent Effects Of Electropositive Metals On Juvenile Sandbar Sharks (Carcharhinus Plumbeus), Richard Brill, Peter Bushnell, Leonie Smith, Coley Speaks, Rumya Sundaram, John Wang
The Repulsive And Feeding-Deterrent Effects Of Electropositive Metals On Juvenile Sandbar Sharks (Carcharhinus Plumbeus), Richard Brill, Peter Bushnell, Leonie Smith, Coley Speaks, Rumya Sundaram, John Wang
VIMS Articles
Reducing shark bycatch and depredation (i.e., damage caused by sharks to gear, bait, and desired fish species) in pelagic longline fisheries targeting tunas and swordfish is a priority. Electropositive metals (i.e., a mixture of the lanthanide elements lanthanum, cerium, neodymium, and praseodymium) have been shown to deter spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias, primarily a coastal species) from attacking bait, presumably because of interactions with the electroreceptive system of this shark. We undertook to determine the possible effectiveness of electropositive metals for reducing the interactions of pelagic sharks with longline gear, using sandbar sharks (Carcharhinus plumbeus, family Carcharhinidae) as a model species. …
Ecology Of Small Neritic Fishes In The Western Gulf Of Alaska. Ii. Consumption Of Krill In Relation To Krill Standing Stock And The Physical Environment, Matthew T. Wilson, Christina M. Jump, Andre Buchheister
Ecology Of Small Neritic Fishes In The Western Gulf Of Alaska. Ii. Consumption Of Krill In Relation To Krill Standing Stock And The Physical Environment, Matthew T. Wilson, Christina M. Jump, Andre Buchheister
VIMS Articles
Krill (Euphausiacea) is a patchily distributed taxon whose availability may limit neritic fishes in temperate oceans. In the western Gulf of Alaska, krill-fish aggregations were associated with high-flow areas over the shelf. We examined fish impacts on krill standing stocks in areas of different temperature, salinity, and net current velocity. Samples were collected during September 2000, 2001, and 2003 over a 48-site grid within a known walleye pollock nursery. Krill were a dietary staple of the dominant fishes: walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma, capelin Mallotus villosus, and eulachon Thaleichthys pacificus, but their proportion in diets varied by predator species and predator …
Simple Staining Method For Differentiating Live And Dead Marine Zooplankton In Field Samples, Dt Elliott, Kw Tang
Simple Staining Method For Differentiating Live And Dead Marine Zooplankton In Field Samples, Dt Elliott, Kw Tang
VIMS Articles
We describe and evaluate a method for the use of neutral red staining to differentiate live and dead zooplankton in marine field samples. The protocol can be easily incorporated into shipboard zooplankton sampling. The use of neutral red in laboratory studies is common, but its application for quantifying natural live/dead zooplankton composition under field conditions has not been evaluated in detail. We tested the accuracy and precision of the method for a range of salinities and temperatures, and for common estuarine zooplankton groups. Detailed descriptions of staining intensities and patterns are provided. In addition, we evaluated potential artifact mortality due …