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Articles 1 - 15 of 15
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Understanding The Role Of Involucrin In Skin Inflammation, Alina Schmidt
Understanding The Role Of Involucrin In Skin Inflammation, Alina Schmidt
Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Terminally differentiated keratinocytes are essential for skin barrier function and are surrounded by an involucrin (IVL)-rich cornified envelope. Increased IVL expression in the epidermis is associated with recent positive selection in European populations, yet the functional significance of this finding is unclear. An upstream enhancer of IVL, the 923 enhancer, regulates IVL expression, and the impact of IVL enhancer variants on involucrin expression in modifying the penetrance of filaggrin (FLG) loss-of-function variants associated with atopic dermatitis (AD) has not been explored. I hypothesize involucrin to modulate the environmentally sensitive Vitamin D receptor (Vdr) activity in the epidermis and involucrin enhancer …
Association Of Structural Variation (Sv) With Cardiometabolic Traits In Finns, Lei Chen
Association Of Structural Variation (Sv) With Cardiometabolic Traits In Finns, Lei Chen
Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are known to be associated with a variety of quantitative risk factors such as cholesterol, metabolites, and insulin. Understanding the genetic basis of these quantitative traits can shed light on the etiology, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of disease. However most prior trait-mapping studies have focused on single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and Indels, with the contribution of structural variation (SV) remaining unknown. In this thesis, we present the results of a study examining genetic association between SVs and cardiometabolic traits in the Finnish population. In the first chapter, we used sensitive methods to identify and genotype 129,166 high-confidence …
Examining Early Interactions Between Innate Airway Resident Immune Cells And Mtb-Specific Factors During Pulmonary Infection With Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Micah D. Dunlap
Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is the leading cause of death by an infectious agent in the world today, infecting roughly one quarter of humans. Despite this, the mechanisms of early pathogenesis and host protective innate immune responses remain poorly understood and uncharacterized.
Lung resident Alveolar Macrophages (AMs) are the first host contact with Mtb bacilli after inhalation and are thus key mediators of the early pulmonary immune response. AMs are generally believed to reside entirely in the airway, but it was recently demonstrated that they have the capacity to egress and enter into granulomas during pulmonary infection with hypervirulent Mtb. Furthermore, …
Understand And Predict Microbiome And Resistome Dynamics In Response To Perturbations Across Diverse Populations And Environments, Manish Boolchandani
Understand And Predict Microbiome And Resistome Dynamics In Response To Perturbations Across Diverse Populations And Environments, Manish Boolchandani
Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Complex microbial communities are at the interface of human, animal and environment interconnected ecosystem, where they can move within and between these entities. These microbial communities are mostly beneficial, maintaining the host health and homeostatic state. However, these communities can also serve as reservoirs of antibiotic resistance (AR) genes that may disseminate to pathogen bacteria, compromising the treatment options. Like other microbial communities, human gut microbiome is highly dynamic and can get acutely perturbed with the changes in the habitat, diet, lifestyle and disease. A perturbed gut community structure has profound impact on the host health and physiology. Use of …
Modularity Of Feedback For State-Dependent Guidance Of Navigation In Mouse Visual Cortex, Andrew M. Meier
Modularity Of Feedback For State-Dependent Guidance Of Navigation In Mouse Visual Cortex, Andrew M. Meier
Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Navigating through unpredictable environments requires an efficiently organized sensory system capable of adapting to behavioral demands. In the mammalian visual system, two adaptations which have arisen to meet these demands are parallel processing and top-down feedback of internally generated expectations and contextual information for adjusting responses to match the needs of the current behavioral task. Mouse visual cortex exhibits the latter of these organizing principles, like other mammals, in the form of a molecular layer (Layer 1) which receives feedback to contextually adapt sensory responses from the outside world. The first of these organizing principles, parallel processing streams, generally takes …
The Roles Of Plasmepsins Ix And X In Malaria Parasite Biology, Armiyaw Sebastian Nasamu
The Roles Of Plasmepsins Ix And X In Malaria Parasite Biology, Armiyaw Sebastian Nasamu
Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Proteases of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum have been targeted for drug discovery for decades. The P. falciparum genome encodes ten aspartic proteases called plasmepsins, which are involved in diverse cellular processes. In this work we address the roles of two of these plasmepsins, plasmepsins IX and X (PM IX and X), the two least studied aspartic proteases in blood stage malaria parasites till date. We explore the essentiality of these proteases in parasite development, attempt to identify their substrates and the ability to drug them. We show that PM IX is essential for erythrocyte invasion, acting on rhoptry secretory …
Molecular Mechanisms Responsible For Functional Cortical Plasticity During Development And After Focal Ischemic Brain Injury, Andrew Wiggen Kraft
Molecular Mechanisms Responsible For Functional Cortical Plasticity During Development And After Focal Ischemic Brain Injury, Andrew Wiggen Kraft
Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The cerebral cortex is organized into functional representations, or maps, defined by increased activity during specific tasks. In addition, the brain exhibits robust spontaneous activity with spatiotemporal organization that defines the brain’s functional architecture (termed functional connectivity). Task-evoked representations and functional connectivity demonstrate experience-dependent plasticity, and this plasticity may be important in neurological development and disease. An important case of this is in focal ischemic injury, which results in destruction of the involved representations and disruption of functional connectivity relationships. Behavioral recovery correlates with representation remapping and functional connectivity normalization, suggesting functional organization is critical for recovery and a potentially …
The Role Of Fibrillin-1 In Eye Development And Disease, Wendell Brooks Jones
The Role Of Fibrillin-1 In Eye Development And Disease, Wendell Brooks Jones
Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The ciliary zonule of the human eye consists of a circumferential array of fibers that connect the ocular lens to the nonpigmented ciliary epithelium (NPCE) located at the inner wall of the eye. Zonular fibers consist of bundles of beaded filaments called microfibrils. Microfibrils are major structural elements of the extracellular matrix and are present in pure form in the ciliary zonule. Microfibrils are composed principally of fibrillin-1 (FBN-1); a large extracellular matrix glycoprotein. In humans, mutations in FBN1 underlie Marfan syndrome; a pleiotropic connective tissue disorder that profoundly affects the eye. Ocular manifestations include ectopia lentis (dislocated lenses), cataracts, …
The Molecular And Cellular Basis For Cold Sensation, Daniel Brenner
The Molecular And Cellular Basis For Cold Sensation, Daniel Brenner
Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The ability to sense changes in temperature is crucial to surviving harsh environments. Over the last decade several ion channels that have been proposed to be cold sensitive have been identified, most notably TRPM8 and TRPA1. Although these molecules have been extensively studied in vitro, their exact roles in cold sensation in vivo are still debated. This uncertainty is in large part due to problems with the standard methods of testing cold sensitivity in vivo, which often rely on subjective measures of cold responsiveness. Experiments using these subjective measures have been repeated by different groups and have yielded conflicting results, …
Concentration Coding In The Accessory Olfactory System, Hannah Ada Arnson
Concentration Coding In The Accessory Olfactory System, Hannah Ada Arnson
All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs)
Understanding how sensory systems encode stimuli is a fundamental question of neuroscience. The role of every sensory system is to encode information about the identity and quantity of stimuli in the environment. Primary sensory neurons in the periphery are faced with the task of representing all relevant information for further processing by downstream circuits, ultimately leading to detection, classification and potential response. However, environmental variability potentially alters stimulus properties in non-relevant ways. Here, we address these problems using the mouse accessory olfactory system: AOS) as a model. The AOS is an independent olfactory system possessed by most terrestrial vertebrates, although …
The Sacred Emergence Of Nature, Ursula Goodenough, Terrence W. Deacon
The Sacred Emergence Of Nature, Ursula Goodenough, Terrence W. Deacon
Biology Faculty Publications & Presentations
No abstract provided.
Mindful Virtue, Mindful Reverence, Ursula Goodenough, Paul Woodruff
Mindful Virtue, Mindful Reverence, Ursula Goodenough, Paul Woodruff
Biology Faculty Publications & Presentations
How does one talk about moral thought and moral action as a religious naturalist? We explore this question by considering two human capacities: the capacity for mindfulness, and the capacity for virtue. We suggest that mindfulness is deeply enhanced by an understanding of the scientific worldview and that the four cardinal virtues—courage, fairmindedness, humaneness, and reverence—are rendered coherent by mindful reflection. We focus on the concept of mindful reverence and propose that the mindful reverence elicited by the evolutionary narrative is at the heart of religious naturalism. Religious education, we suggest, entails the cultivation of mindful virtue, in ourselves and …
Vertical And Horizontal Transcendence, Ursula Goodenough
Vertical And Horizontal Transcendence, Ursula Goodenough
Biology Faculty Publications & Presentations
Transcendence is explored from two perspectives: the traditional concept wherein the origination of the sacred is “out there,” and the alternate concept wherein the sacred originates “here.” Each is evaluated from the perspectives of aesthetics and hierarchy. Both forms of transcendence are viewed as essential to the full religious life.
Causality And Subjectivity In The Religious Quest, Ursula Goodenough
Causality And Subjectivity In The Religious Quest, Ursula Goodenough
Biology Faculty Publications & Presentations
The dynamics of seeking causation and the dynamics of subjectivity are presented and then brought together in a consideration of the three core components of the religious quest: the search for and experience of ultimate explanations, the interiority of religious experience (“spirituality”), and the empathic experience of religious fellowship.
Biology: What One Needs To Know, Ursula Goodenough
Biology: What One Needs To Know, Ursula Goodenough
Biology Faculty Publications & Presentations
Biology on this planet represents an astonishing experiment in carbon-based chemistry which, over billions of years, has generated billions of species adapted to countless major and minor fluctuations in ecological circumstances. In one sense there is no way to generalize about biology. While biological activities can all be ultimately explained by physical laws (like everything else in the universe), it is the emergent intensely particular properties of organisms that most interest us. This essay represents an attempt to describe some of the more prominent patterns that emerge from the sea of biological particularities, patterns that present many opportunities for religious …