Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Institution
-
- University of Kentucky (101)
- University of Colorado Law School (49)
- Old Dominion University (36)
- Western Washington University (27)
- University of Nebraska - Lincoln (21)
-
- Utah State University (19)
- Nova Southeastern University (18)
- University of Vermont (18)
- Edith Cowan University (13)
- The University of Maine (13)
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Western Australia (12)
- Selected Works (10)
- University of Northern Iowa (10)
- University of Arkansas, Fayetteville (9)
- Chapman University (7)
- Iowa State University (7)
- University of Nevada, Las Vegas (6)
- University of Texas Rio Grande Valley (6)
- University of Texas at El Paso (6)
- Clark University (5)
- Purdue University (5)
- SIT Graduate Institute/SIT Study Abroad (5)
- University of South Florida (5)
- University of Wollongong (5)
- South Dakota State University (4)
- The University of San Francisco (4)
- The University of Southern Mississippi (4)
- WellBeing International (4)
- Antioch University (3)
- Claremont Colleges (3)
- Publication Year
- Publication
-
- IGC Proceedings (1997-2023) (90)
- Institute Publications (18)
- Biological Sciences Faculty Publications (13)
- Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles (12)
- Shifting Baselines and New Meridians: Water, Resources, Landscapes, and the Transformation of the American West (Summer Conference, June 4-6) (11)
-
- CCPO Publications (10)
- Electronic Theses and Dissertations (10)
- Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS (10)
- Western Water Law, Policy and Management: Ripples, Currents, and New Channels for Inquiry (Martz Summer Conference, June 3-5) (10)
- The Future of Natural Resources Law and Policy (Summer Conference, June 6-8) (9)
- Graduate College Dissertations and Theses (8)
- Innovations in Managing Western Water: New Approaches for Balancing Environmental, Social and Economic Outcomes (Martz Summer Conference, June 11-12) (8)
- Research outputs 2014 to 2021 (8)
- Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference (8)
- OES Faculty Publications (7)
- Graduate Theses and Dissertations (6)
- Open Access Theses & Dissertations (6)
- School of Earth, Environmental, and Marine Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations (6)
- Biology Faculty Publications (5)
- Chaoqun (Crystal) Lu (5)
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Faculty Publications (5)
- Crop Updates (5)
- Faculty Publications (5)
- Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection (5)
- Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Publications (5)
- Publications (5)
- USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations (5)
- Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive) (4)
- HCNSO Student Theses and Dissertations (4)
- Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research (4)
Articles 1 - 30 of 528
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Changes In Reef Tourism’S Adaptive Capacity After Severe Climate Disturbances, Henry Bartelet, Michele Barnes, Lalu Bakti, Graeme S. Cumming
Changes In Reef Tourism’S Adaptive Capacity After Severe Climate Disturbances, Henry Bartelet, Michele Barnes, Lalu Bakti, Graeme S. Cumming
Quantitative Methods and Information Technology Faculty Publications
Knowledge about adaptive capacity and its determinants has increased significantly over the last decade. However, most research on adaptive capacity has been static, not considering how adaptive capacity might change over time, particularly after severe disturbances. We studied the adaptive capacity dynamics of Asian-Pacific reef tourism operators affected by coral bleaching and tropical cyclones compared with a control group with non-affected operators. We found that impacts from tropical cyclones were associated with frequent changes in adaptive capacity. Notably, we found a reduction in tangible attributes (assets and flexibility) of adaptive capacity, whereas intangible attributes (agency and social organization) increased. Our …
Climate Change-Associated Declines In Water Clarity Impair Feeding By Common Loons, Walter H. Piper, Max R. Glines, Kevin C. Rose
Climate Change-Associated Declines In Water Clarity Impair Feeding By Common Loons, Walter H. Piper, Max R. Glines, Kevin C. Rose
Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research
Climate change has myriad impacts on ecosystems, but the mechanisms by which it affects individual species can be difficult to pinpoint. One strategy to discover such mechanisms is to identify a specific ecological factor related to survival or reproduction and determine how that factor is affected by climate. Here we used Landsat imagery to calculate water clarity for 127 lakes in northern Wisconsin from 1995 to 2021 and thus investigate the effect of clarity on the body condition of an aquatic visual predator, the common loon (Gavia immer). In addition, we examined rainfall and temperature as potential predictors …
Drought Legacy Interacts With Wildfire To Alter Soil Microbial Communities In A Mediterranean Climate-Type Forest, Anna J. M. Hopkins, Aaron J. Brace, Jess L. Bruce, J. Hyde, J. B. Fontaine, L. Walden, W. Veber, K. X. Ruthrof
Drought Legacy Interacts With Wildfire To Alter Soil Microbial Communities In A Mediterranean Climate-Type Forest, Anna J. M. Hopkins, Aaron J. Brace, Jess L. Bruce, J. Hyde, J. B. Fontaine, L. Walden, W. Veber, K. X. Ruthrof
Research outputs 2022 to 2026
Mediterranean forest ecosystems will be increasingly affected by hotter drought and more frequent and severe wildfire events in the future. However, little is known about the longer-term responses of these forests to multiple disturbances and the forests' capacity to maintain ecosystem function. This is particularly so for below-ground organisms, which have received less attention than those above-ground, despite their essential contributions to forest function. We investigated rhizosphere microbial communities in a resprouting Eucalyptus marginata forest, southwestern Australia, that had experienced a severe wildfire four years previously, and a hotter drought eight years previously. Our aim was to understand how microbial …
Breeding Cool-Season Forage Grasses For A Warming Climate, D. P. Malinowski, J. Ford, A. Stewart, D. Woodfield, W. E. Pinchak
Breeding Cool-Season Forage Grasses For A Warming Climate, D. P. Malinowski, J. Ford, A. Stewart, D. Woodfield, W. E. Pinchak
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
In many parts of the world, changing climatic conditions are resulting in increased temperatures and more variable precipitation, intensifying the duration and severity of drought, especially in summer. Warming climate is considered one reason for the increasing failure of traditional, summer-active cool-season perennial grasses at the margin of their zone of adaptation in naturally C4 grass-dominated ecosystems of the Southern Great Plains of the USA. Two cool-season perennial forage grasses orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) and tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.) Darbysh.) are of major economic and ecological importance in these regions. In 2008, we initiated a breeding program …
Exploring Profitable, Sustainable Livestock Businesses In An Increasingly Variable Climate, B. R. Cullen, M. T. Harrison, D. Mayberry, D. Cobon, N. Reichelt, A. Sinnet, Km Christie, F. Bilotto, D-A An-Vo, C. Stokes, L. Perry, T. Davison
Exploring Profitable, Sustainable Livestock Businesses In An Increasingly Variable Climate, B. R. Cullen, M. T. Harrison, D. Mayberry, D. Cobon, N. Reichelt, A. Sinnet, Km Christie, F. Bilotto, D-A An-Vo, C. Stokes, L. Perry, T. Davison
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Livestock production systems will need to change in many regions of the world to meet the dual challenges of adaptation to a changing climate and reducing net greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The ‘Nexus project’ is exploring these options using seven case studies in eastern Australia spanning a range of production systems from semi-arid beef production in northern Australia to mixed beef and sheep production in cool temperate climates of southern Australia. Regional reference groups, made up of 4-6 local farmers and advisers, identified a series of farm systems changes that could be made to meet these challenges. Options were categorised …
Public Policies For The Development Of A Sustainable, Forage-Based Cattle Sector In Colombia, Argentina, And Costa Rica: A Comparative Analysis, S. Burkart, M. Diaz, Moreno Lerma
Public Policies For The Development Of A Sustainable, Forage-Based Cattle Sector In Colombia, Argentina, And Costa Rica: A Comparative Analysis, S. Burkart, M. Diaz, Moreno Lerma
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Projected increases in global food demand highlight the importance of Latin America as one of the major future food suppliers, particularly regarding animal-source foods such as beef or milk. Despite the importance of the cattle sector for the region, its negative environmental impacts are numerous and the shift towards sustainability is perceived as slow and uncoordinated. This study aims to identify achievements and difficulties in the implementation of public policies for a sustainable cattle sector in Colombia, Argentina, and Costa Rica, for which policies focused on the use of silvo-pastoral systems and forage-based solutions are prioritized. Based on the review …
Fencing Lands To Enhanced Climate Change Resilience, Promoting Biodiversity Regeneration And Improved Livelihoods Of Climate Change In Makueni County, Frank Wesonga, Francis Keya
Fencing Lands To Enhanced Climate Change Resilience, Promoting Biodiversity Regeneration And Improved Livelihoods Of Climate Change In Makueni County, Frank Wesonga, Francis Keya
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Kenya is a food insecure country, weather patterns are drastically changing and people are losing livelihoods and earnings when their lands dry, water for domestic supply lacks and livestock die further frustrating livelihoods of the poor. This paper briefly discusses Fencing of lands as prerequisite to biodiversity protection and faster water retention mechanism, through tree planting, enhancing CO2 sequestration as trees, shrubs and vegetation’s find suitable environment to grow. Baringo and Makueni County are characterized by unsustainable agriculture, environmental degradation resulting from soil erosion, high poverty levels and food insecurity due to unpredictable dry spells and climate change. The present …
Design And Management Of Saltbush-Based Forage Systems To Improve Productivity And Reproductive Performance Of Sheep, H. C. Norman, M. G. Wilmot, D. G. Masters, D. Blache, S. K. Maloney, S. N. Hancock
Design And Management Of Saltbush-Based Forage Systems To Improve Productivity And Reproductive Performance Of Sheep, H. C. Norman, M. G. Wilmot, D. G. Masters, D. Blache, S. K. Maloney, S. N. Hancock
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
There is evidence that effective shelter can significantly improve lamb survival, but the majority of Australian studies have occurred in small paddocks where the ewes had no choice but to use shelter. In mixed farming systems with large open paddocks, it is unclear if ewes will choose to use shelter for lambing. Our multidisciplinary collaboration examines the use of woody shrubs as an opportunity to improve the survival of twin lambs. In a series of large experiments on commercial farms, we will evaluate the impact of different shrub planting configurations, orientations, and densities on microclimates at the sub-paddock scale. Twin-bearing …
Environmental Co-Benefits Of Improved Forages In Smallholder Dairy Systems Of Kenya, A. Notenbaert, S. Mwendia, S. Burkart, P. Karimi, E. Mwema
Environmental Co-Benefits Of Improved Forages In Smallholder Dairy Systems Of Kenya, A. Notenbaert, S. Mwendia, S. Burkart, P. Karimi, E. Mwema
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Livestock play a major role across Kenya, especially in smallholder mixed farms through provision of household nutrition and income through milk and meat. Equally, fertilization of cropland benefits from livestock manure, and livestock often act as insurance and saving. Despite the opportunities and benefits livestock production presents, livestock systems are also key drivers of environmental degradation, including increased nutrient loads, GHG emissions, water use, grassland degradation and land-use conversion. Low livestock productivity, largely due to use of low-quality crop residues and natural grasses often not endowed with nutrients key for animal performance, limits the potential positive contributions of livestock and …
Breeding Forage Grasses For Increased Heat Tolerance To Combat Climate Change, Eric D. Billman, J. S. Morrison, B. S. Baldwin
Breeding Forage Grasses For Increased Heat Tolerance To Combat Climate Change, Eric D. Billman, J. S. Morrison, B. S. Baldwin
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
The onset of climate change brings many challenges for forage production in the southeastern United States, where it is projected to become hotter and dryer in the next century. To combat this climatic challenge, recurrent phenotypic selection was conducted in growth chambers on annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) and orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) to select seedlings that can germinate and survive at temperatures of 40°C. Following three cycles of selection, germination was increased from < 5% to 45% in annual ryegrass, and from 20% to 80% in orchardgrass. The rate of germination also increased, in both species by a factor of 8x that of the base germplasm. Realized heritability also increased by 40 – 45% for each species by the end of the project. This work successfully improved a quantitative trait using recurrent phenotypic selection using growth chambers as a stable environment and provided the basis for combatting climate change in other outcrossing forage species.
Fauna, Flora, And Land Cover Changes Over The Last Two Decades In The Mobile-Tensaw River Delta, Gabriel De Oliveria, Steven R. Schultze, Guilherme Mataveli
Fauna, Flora, And Land Cover Changes Over The Last Two Decades In The Mobile-Tensaw River Delta, Gabriel De Oliveria, Steven R. Schultze, Guilherme Mataveli
Technical Reports
A technical report documenting ecosystem changes to the Mobile-Tensaw River Delta region due to urban expansion over approximately two decades (2001-2019).
Youth Resilience Toward Climate Smart Agriculture Technology Adoption In Brunei Darussalam, Rosita Hassan, Wida S. Suhaili, Beston F. Nore, Mohamad A. Basuni
Youth Resilience Toward Climate Smart Agriculture Technology Adoption In Brunei Darussalam, Rosita Hassan, Wida S. Suhaili, Beston F. Nore, Mohamad A. Basuni
ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development
Climate change and food security are critical issues to be addressed, nationally and globally, to reach sustainable agricultural development goals to feed the growing human population. The great challenge is to adapt to the climate change and in the meantime increase food production with sustainable farming practices that require farmers to have a paradigm shift toward climate smart agricultural technology (CSAT). Encouraging farmers to adopt and implement CSAT have become a priority for governmental policy making programmes. The question is what are the measures that can be taken for Brunei to leapfrog into this technology bandwagon to revitalise farmers for …
Role Of Urban Parks In Carbon Sequestration– A Case Study Of Safari Park, Karachi, Pakistan, Amna Bano, Minzah Shehzad, Hasnain Kazmi, Jamshaid Iqbal
Role Of Urban Parks In Carbon Sequestration– A Case Study Of Safari Park, Karachi, Pakistan, Amna Bano, Minzah Shehzad, Hasnain Kazmi, Jamshaid Iqbal
Journal of Bioresource Management
Urban parks besides their recreational use can be the potential source of climate mitigation through carbon sequestration. Present study aims to identify the carbon sequestration potential of Safari Park which is by far the largest public park of Karachi established in 1970 covering an area of 0.72 km2. A total of 153 individual trees belonging to 25 species and 14 families were included in the study. Five dominant species with highest Important Value Index (IVI) were Cocos nucifera (14.62 %), Azadirachta indica (14.21 %), Guaiacum officinale (9.93 %), Washington robusta (9.31 %) and Delonix regia (7.11 %). The …
A Small Forest Owner's Engagement With A Carbon Sequestration Effort In Northeastern U.S., Frederick Pond
A Small Forest Owner's Engagement With A Carbon Sequestration Effort In Northeastern U.S., Frederick Pond
University Libraries Faculty and Staff Publications
In 2023, a small forest landowner in central Vermont enrolled 140 acres in the Family Forest Carbon Program[FFCP], engaging his local forestland in combating global warming.
FFCP is a collaboration of The Nature Conservancy and American Forest Foundation, developed to offer small landowners the opportunity to engage their asset in carbon sequestration locally.
This poster presents the experience of a small forest owner's process in entering a twenty year contract to manage a small woodlot under the direction of FFCP while enrolled with the state UVA program, also known as Current Use.
Challenges to the process, advantages/downsides, future perspectives are …
Climate Change And Legume Performance In Grassland Agroecosystems, Lynn E. Sollenberger, M. M. Kohmann
Climate Change And Legume Performance In Grassland Agroecosystems, Lynn E. Sollenberger, M. M. Kohmann
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
We reviewed the literature to assess the effect of climate change factors on forage legumes. Whether growing in monoculture or mixtures with grasses, exposing legumes to elevated CO2 (eCO2) generally leads to sustained increases in forage accumulation (FA) and N fixation, but elevated temperature (eT) in conjunction with eCO2 usually reduces magnitude of these responses. In legumes, nodules represent large C sinks, precluding photosynthetic acclimation to eCO2 observed in non-N fixing plants. Greater N fixation in legume-grass mixtures exposed to eCO2 is due to greater percentage of legume N derived from symbiotic fixation and …
Cool-Season Perennials And Stability In Year-Round Forage Production Systems, C. D. Teutsch
Cool-Season Perennials And Stability In Year-Round Forage Production Systems, C. D. Teutsch
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Changes in long-term climate normals have resulted in warmer and wetter summers and milder winters in the humid eastern United States. This will likely impact regional forage species adaptation in the long-term and varietal adaptation in the short term. Variety evaluation has been occurring at the University of Kentucky for almost 100 years. There are several considerations for selecting forage species and varieties including regional and local adaptation, productivity, distribution of growth, palatability, nutritive value, anti-quality factors, tolerance to stress, and persistence. Two of the most important criteria are long-term productivity and persistence under grazing, both of which are currently …
Discrepancies Between Observed And Predicted Climate-Driven Net Herbage Accumulation, Alec D. Mackay, Michael B. Dodd, K. J. Hutchinson, Ronaldo Vibart, F. Bilotto
Discrepancies Between Observed And Predicted Climate-Driven Net Herbage Accumulation, Alec D. Mackay, Michael B. Dodd, K. J. Hutchinson, Ronaldo Vibart, F. Bilotto
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
The decline in net herbage accumulation (NHA) on the high phosphorus (P) fertilizer farmlet (HF) of a long-term P fertilizer and associated sheep grazing experiment in the last 25 years, aligns with the necessity to reduce the on-site nominal sheep stocking rates over the same period on this farmlet. This finding appears at odds with projected climate change driven modelling that forecast a largely positive outcome on pasture growth in summer moist environments. In this paper we explore the apparent discrepancies between the observed and predicted climate-driven NHA by using a climate-driven pasture growth module within a larger process-based model …
Length Of Multi-Year Precipitation And Primary Production Relationships Vary Regionally Across Grasslands In The Central U.S., A. R. Hudson, D. P.C. Peters
Length Of Multi-Year Precipitation And Primary Production Relationships Vary Regionally Across Grasslands In The Central U.S., A. R. Hudson, D. P.C. Peters
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Grasslands in the central United States span large temperature and aridity gradients and regionally differ in their drivers of water availability. These differences likely determine how drought event periodicity and duration can influence grassland growth, and are important to consider as global warming changes energy and water distribution across these systems. Here, we explored frequency patterns in annual grassland plant growth (aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP)) and precipitation (PPT) relationships for over 20 years at six long-term research sites spatially distributed across the central grassland region. We identified the periods (>1 year) these relationships are strongest- and when they …
Response Of Reproductive Phenology To Soil Water Content Of Stipa Breviflora Under Warming And Nitrogen Application, L. Bai, H. Y. Ren, G. D. Han
Response Of Reproductive Phenology To Soil Water Content Of Stipa Breviflora Under Warming And Nitrogen Application, L. Bai, H. Y. Ren, G. D. Han
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Plant phenology is considered as the most direct and sensitive characteristic indicators of plant response to regional climate change. Based on the observation data of phenology and soil water content of Stipa breviflora in an experimental platform of warming and nitrogen application in Inner Mongolia desert steppe from 2009 to 2019. The results showed that warming and nitrogen application significantly advanced the reproductive phenological period (P < 0.001), and the interaction of warming and nitrogen application promoted the advance of reproductive phenological period (P < 0.05).
Using Biometrics, Behavioral Observations, And Multiple Molecular Techniques To Assess The Impacts Of Changes In Temperature And Salinity On The Common Bay Mussel (Mytilus Trossulus), Casey Martin
Dissertations and Theses
The intertidal zone is a place of rapid and frequent change that is home to a variety of creatures who are essential to the integrity of the habitat. Mussels are robust sessile bivalves that anchor to the rocks of the intertidal. The prominent species on the Oregon Coast, the Common Bay Mussel (Mytilus trossulus), plays an essential role as a coastal food source, water column filter, and barrier to prevent erosion due to wave action. Mytilus trossulus withstands daily shifts in temperature, salinity, and tide, as well as seasonal changes. Global climate change due to excess carbon emissions …
Depaul Digest
DePaul Magazine
College of Education Professor Jason Goulah fosters hope, happiness and global citizenship through DePaul’s Institute for Daisaku Ikeda Studies in Education. Associate Journalism Professor Jill Hopke shares how to talk about climate change. News briefs from DePaul’s 10 colleges and schools: Occupational Therapy Standardized Patient Program, Financial Planning Certificate program, Business Education in Technology and Analytics Hub, Racial Justice Initiative, Teacher Quality Partnership grant, Intimate Partner Violence and Brain Injury collaboration, School of Music Career Closet, Sports Photojournalism course, DePaul Migration Collaborative’s Solutions Lab, Inclusive Screenwriting courses. New appointments: School of Music Dean John Milbauer, College of Education Dean Jennifer …
The Coastal Monitor: Vol. 10 No. 2, John Tanacredi Ph.D.
The Coastal Monitor: Vol. 10 No. 2, John Tanacredi Ph.D.
The Coastal Monitor
Stephen J. Gould’s prophetic piece, “The Golden Rule: A Proper Scale for Our Environmental Crisis”, noted that, “Patience enjoys a long pedigree of favor”, which he elaborated, “usually involves a deep understanding of the fundamental principle… rarely grasped in daily life – the effects of scale.” Scientists observe changes incessantly, in dimensions and time, from microscopic conditions of cellular biology to the inconceivable distances of galaxies and their influences on Earth.
The Ecological Effects Of Nitrogen Enrichment In Aridlands, Jennifer Holguin
The Ecological Effects Of Nitrogen Enrichment In Aridlands, Jennifer Holguin
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
Anthropogenic nitrogen (N) deposition is one of the most prominent factors driving global change. Across the globe, N deposition has driven major changes in terrestrial ecosystems, such as declines in plant biodiversity, enhanced exotic plant growth, and changes to biogeochemical processes involved in carbon and nutrient cycling. While noteworthy effort has been put forth to investigate the effects of N deposition on terrestrial ecosystems, a disproportionate number of N addition studies have been conducted in temperate mesic systems. Thus, we lack a holistic and mechanistic understanding of how N deposition impact aridland ecosystems. Additionally, our predictions of the effects of …
Potential Climate Change Impacts On Beef Production Systems In Australia, David H. Cobon, K. L. Bell, G. M. Mckeon, J. F. Clewett, S. Crimp
Potential Climate Change Impacts On Beef Production Systems In Australia, David H. Cobon, K. L. Bell, G. M. Mckeon, J. F. Clewett, S. Crimp
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
There is increasing evidence suggesting that Australia's climate is changing due to enhanced levels of greenhouse gases and that it will continue to change (Pittock 2003). Climate changes are partly established, however the impact on systems, industries and process are unclear. Industry distribution reflects climatically imposed boundaries and the relative profitability of alternative land use. Climate change may negatively impact some existing industries but create opportunities for others. This study provides an assessment of the likely impacts of plausible climate change on the beef industry in central Queensland.
Yield Progress Of Perennial Ryegrass And Silage Maize - Genetic Gain Or Climate Change?, Antje Herrmann, A. Kornher, Friedhelm Taube
Yield Progress Of Perennial Ryegrass And Silage Maize - Genetic Gain Or Climate Change?, Antje Herrmann, A. Kornher, Friedhelm Taube
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Gains in annual dry matter yield (DMY) from breeding achieved during the last decades are reported to range between 2.5 and 6% per decade for perennial ryegrass (Wilkins & Humphreys, 2003). In contrast, accelerated progress in improving DMY has been achieved for silage maize, varying between 8 and 13% per decade (Lauer et al., 2001). These gains are mainly attributed to (i) genetic yield potential increase, (ii) improved crop management and (iii) increased stress tolerance. The potential impact of climate change on yield progress, however, is disregarded in most studies. The objective of this study therefore was to quantify …
Shifts In N-Efficiency Of Different Farm Types In Response To Climate Change, S. Dueri, P. L. Calanca, Juerg Fuhrer
Shifts In N-Efficiency Of Different Farm Types In Response To Climate Change, S. Dueri, P. L. Calanca, Juerg Fuhrer
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Climate change may affect European farms, but in contrast to individual crops - the sensitivity of whole farming systems has not been the subject of much research. At the farm level, where different farm units are linked through the availability and flow of nitrogen (N), effects on individual crops are interlinked, and through shifts in grasslands and related animal production with altered nutrient flows. Ideally, N flows into the system and N-export with products should be equal, and thus N-use-efficiency (NUE), expressed as the ratio of N export to N loss, would be maximal. The objective of this study was …
The Effect Of Extremes In Soil Moisture Content On Perennial Ryegrass Growth, A. Scott Laidlaw
The Effect Of Extremes In Soil Moisture Content On Perennial Ryegrass Growth, A. Scott Laidlaw
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Seasonal distribution of rainfall in the UK and Ireland is predicted to become more variable (Sweeney, 2003). The problems of excessive soil moisture on grass utilisation and the effect of deficit in soil moisture on grass growth are well known. However the effect of excess rainfall on the growth of sown grass is less clear and is usually not taken into account in grass growth models. This study was carried out to investigate the potential impact of excess moisture on perennial ryegrass growth in the field and to investigate the relative effect of soil moisture varying from deficit to excess …
Forage Grass Phenology In Relation To Climate Change, G. Żurek
Forage Grass Phenology In Relation To Climate Change, G. Żurek
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Phenological phases of plants, such as heading or flowering are mainly driven by environmental factors such as pests, diseases, competition, soil properties, genetics, age and, most importantly, weather conditions (Menzel & Fabian, 1999; Menzel 2000). At the end of the last century there was an emerging recognition that phenological records can be especially useful in environmental monitoring and it has gained the UK government approval as an indicator of climate change (Sparks et al., 2000). The aim of this work was to analyse long-term trends in the mean heading date for Polish ecotypes of three forage grass species.
Long-Term Responses Of A Mesic Grassland To Manipulation Of Rainfall Quantity And Pattern, A. K. Knapp, J M. Blair, P. A. Fay, M. D. Smith, S. L. Collins, J. M. Briggs
Long-Term Responses Of A Mesic Grassland To Manipulation Of Rainfall Quantity And Pattern, A. K. Knapp, J M. Blair, P. A. Fay, M. D. Smith, S. L. Collins, J. M. Briggs
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Climatic variability is an inherent feature of grassland biomes, with large fluctuations in temperatures combined with precipitation regimes characterised by floods and severe drought occurring on both an interannual and seasonal scale. Global climate models and emerging data indicate that extremes in precipitation regimes are increasing worldwide coupled with increases in temperature. Thus, variability in spatial and temporal patterns of water availability in grasslands, as directly influenced by altered precipitation patterns and indirectly by increased temperatures, will likely increase in the future. The objectives of our experiments were to experimentally manipulate rainfall amount and temporal patterns (amount and timing of …
Sources And Sinks Of Greenhouse Gases From European Grasslands And Mitigation Options: The ‘Greengrass’ Project, Jean-François Soussana, V. Allard, P. Ambus, C. Amman, P. Berbigier, C. Campbell, P. Cellier, E. Ceschia, P. Ciais, J. Clifton-Brown, S. Czóbel, R. Domingues, T. De Groot, R. Falcimagne, C. Flechard, J. Fuhrer, G. Gaborit, L. Horváth, A. Hensen, M. B. Jones, S. Jones, G. Kasper, K. Klumpp, P. Laville, C. Martin, C. Milford, Z. Nagy, A. Neftel, E. Nemitz, J. E. Olesen, A. Patterson, K. Pilegaard, A. Raschi, R. Rees, U. Skiba, P. Stefani, S. Salètes, P. Smith, M. A. Sutton, Z. Tuba, A. Van Amstel, A. Van Den Pol-Van Dasselaar, N. Viovy, N. Vuichard, M. Wattenbach, T. Wedinger
Sources And Sinks Of Greenhouse Gases From European Grasslands And Mitigation Options: The ‘Greengrass’ Project, Jean-François Soussana, V. Allard, P. Ambus, C. Amman, P. Berbigier, C. Campbell, P. Cellier, E. Ceschia, P. Ciais, J. Clifton-Brown, S. Czóbel, R. Domingues, T. De Groot, R. Falcimagne, C. Flechard, J. Fuhrer, G. Gaborit, L. Horváth, A. Hensen, M. B. Jones, S. Jones, G. Kasper, K. Klumpp, P. Laville, C. Martin, C. Milford, Z. Nagy, A. Neftel, E. Nemitz, J. E. Olesen, A. Patterson, K. Pilegaard, A. Raschi, R. Rees, U. Skiba, P. Stefani, S. Salètes, P. Smith, M. A. Sutton, Z. Tuba, A. Van Amstel, A. Van Den Pol-Van Dasselaar, N. Viovy, N. Vuichard, M. Wattenbach, T. Wedinger
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Adapting the management of grasslands may be used to enhance carbon sequestration into soil, but could also increase N2O and CH4 emissions. In support of the European post-Kyoto policy, the European 'GreenGrass' project (EC FP5, EVK2-CT2001-00105) has three main objectives: i) to reduce the large uncertainties concerning the estimates of CO2, N2O and CH4 fluxes to and from grassland plots under different climatic conditions and assess their global warming potential, ii) to measure net greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes for different management which reflect potential mitigation options, iii) to construct a model of …