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Rate And Extent Of Losses From Top Spoilage In Pilot-Scale, Horizontal Silos, J.T. Dickerson, K.K. Bolsen, B.E. Brent, C. Lin, John E. Boyer
Rate And Extent Of Losses From Top Spoilage In Pilot-Scale, Horizontal Silos, J.T. Dickerson, K.K. Bolsen, B.E. Brent, C. Lin, John E. Boyer
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Corn and forage sorghum silages were stored in pilot-scale silos for 180 days, and dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) recoveries and estimated OM recovery were measured at three depths within the top 3 ft. of silage. The unsealed silages deteriorated badly in the top 12 in. Actual DM and OM losses in the top 24 in. were higher in unsealed than sealed silages at each successive storage period (7 to 180 days). The unsealed silages began to deteriorate immediately in the top 12 in. in both crops, and deterioration progressed to the second 12 in. by 90 days …
Effect Of Supplemental Grain Sorghum And Overseeding With Ladino Clover On Grazing And Subsequent Feedlot Performance Of Steers Early-Intensively Grazed On Acremonium Coenophialum - Infected Tall Fescue Pastures, K.P. Coffey, Joseph L. Moyer, Lyle W. Lomas, F.K. Brazle
Effect Of Supplemental Grain Sorghum And Overseeding With Ladino Clover On Grazing And Subsequent Feedlot Performance Of Steers Early-Intensively Grazed On Acremonium Coenophialum - Infected Tall Fescue Pastures, K.P. Coffey, Joseph L. Moyer, Lyle W. Lomas, F.K. Brazle
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Eighty mixed breed steers (avg. wt. 560 lb.) were used to evaluate the effect on grazing gain and subsequent feedlot performance of different management options for steers early-intensively grazing Acremonium coenophialuminfected tall fescue pastures. Steers were allotted to pastures of infected fescue pastures or infected fescue overseeded with ladino clover and received no supplement or were offered grain sorghum at .25% of their body weight. Neither supplementation nor overseeding affected grazing or feedlot performance. However, grain supplementation on overseeded pastures reduced subsequent feedlot feed efficiency (P<.10). These management options did not substantially affect grazing or subsequent feedlot performance by steers early-intensively grazing infected fescue pastures.
Effect Of Deworming With Ivomec® On Reproductive Performance Of Yearling Beef Heifers, Robert L. Larson, L.R. Corah, M.F. Spire, R.C. Cochran
Effect Of Deworming With Ivomec® On Reproductive Performance Of Yearling Beef Heifers, Robert L. Larson, L.R. Corah, M.F. Spire, R.C. Cochran
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
To determine the effect of deworming fallborn yearling heifers on reproductive parameters, 78 heifers were allotted to a either Ivomec® or control treatments. The heifers were dewormed in June and October when they were approximately 7 and 11 months old, respectively. Ivomec effectively lowered fecal egg counts from treated heifers compared to controls. In these heifers that were maintained on a marginal plane of nutrition, deworming not only improved weight gains but also hastened onset of puberty and improved conception rate during a 60-day breeding season. The positive effect of Ivomec on these reproductive characteristics could not be explained by …
Record-Keeping Systems For Beef Safety And Feedlot Health, C.D. Cranwell, D.D. Simms
Record-Keeping Systems For Beef Safety And Feedlot Health, C.D. Cranwell, D.D. Simms
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Three hundred nine feedlots were mailed questionnaires to ascertain the types of recordkeeping systems currently being used to monitor health programs and FDA-specified treatment withdrawal times. Microcomputer systems were of special interest. Approximately one third of the feedlots responded. A majority with a one-time feeding capacity of more than 10,000 head were using a microcomputer record-keeping system, whereas most of those with fewer than 10,000 head used a manual, paper-based system. Those feedlots using computerized record-keeping systems had purchased their software package from one of five companies. Managers felt these software packages were adequate for billing customers, monitoring pharmaceutical inventory …
Losses From Top Spoilage In Horizontal Silos In Western Kansas, J.T. Dickerson, G. Ashbell, K.K. Bolsen, B.E. Brent, L. Pfaff, Y. Niwa
Losses From Top Spoilage In Horizontal Silos In Western Kansas, J.T. Dickerson, G. Ashbell, K.K. Bolsen, B.E. Brent, L. Pfaff, Y. Niwa
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
The top 3 ft. of silage from each of 30 horizontal silos in western Kansas was sampled at three locations across the width of the silo for 2 consecutive years (1990 and 1991). Ninety-five percent of the silages were either corn or forage sorghum, and only 22 percent of the silos were sealed with polyethylene sheeting. Losses of organic matter (OM) from spoilage were estimated by using ash content as an internal marker. Sealing silos dramatically reduced the estimated spoilage losses in the top 3 ft. All silages had greater estimated spoilage losses in the top 18 in. in 1991 …
Influence Of Level Of Supplemental Alfalfa Hay On The Performance Of Beef Cows Grazing Winter Bluestem Range, E.S. Vanzant, R.C. Cochran
Influence Of Level Of Supplemental Alfalfa Hay On The Performance Of Beef Cows Grazing Winter Bluestem Range, E.S. Vanzant, R.C. Cochran
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
One hundred thirteen pregnant Hereford x Angus cows were used to study the effect of increasing levels of supplemental alfalfa hay on performance when grazing winter bluestem range. Although no differences were observed in reproductive performance, increasing the amount supplemental alfalfa from approximately .5% up to 1.0% of body weight resulted in increased weight gain and reduced condition loss in cows and increased weaning weight in calves. However, time spent grazing was significantly decreased in those groups receiving larger amounts of supplemental alfalfa.
Causes Of Diarrhea, Pneumonia, And Abortion In 1991 Cattle Submissions To The Ksu Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, R.K. Frank, M.W. Vorhies, M. M. Chengappa
Causes Of Diarrhea, Pneumonia, And Abortion In 1991 Cattle Submissions To The Ksu Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, R.K. Frank, M.W. Vorhies, M. M. Chengappa
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Causes of diarrhea, pneumonia, and abortion in Kansas cattle submissions to the Kansas State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory during 1991 were summarized. Antimicrobial susceptibility results for Pasteurella haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, Hemophilus somnus, and Salmonella spp., the common causes of pneumonia and/or diarrhea in cattle with increasing antibiotic resistance patterns, were also summarized. The most commonly diagnosed causes of diarrhea in young calves (under 1 month of age) were coronavirus, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella. The three most common causes of diarrhea in 1 to 18 month-old cattle were BVD virus, coccidia, and Salmonella. Most respiratory submissions were 7- to 18-month-old cattle. …
Effect Of Long-Acting Penicillin And Levamisole® On Gain And Health Of Stressed Calves, F.K. Brazle
Effect Of Long-Acting Penicillin And Levamisole® On Gain And Health Of Stressed Calves, F.K. Brazle
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Two studies were conducted to determine the effect of long-acting penicillin and/or levamisole injected at arrival or levamisole injected on day 1 and/or day 7 on the health and gain of newly received, highly stressed, light weight calves. Levamisole injected at arrival reduced (P<.05) sickness of newly arrived calves during the first 5 days. However, it did not reduce overall sickness during the receiving period. Long-acting penicillin injected at arrival did not reduce sickness, but did improve (P<.05) gain of calves during the growing period. The combination of levamisole and long-acting penicillin or the combination of levamisole on day 1 and day 7 did not reduce morbidity in these highly stressed calves.
Evaluation Of Inoculant And Npn Silage Additives: A Summary Of 26 Trials And 65 Farm-Scale Silages, K.K. Bolsen, R.N. Sonon, B. Dalke, Ronald V. Pope, Jack G. Riley, A. Laytimi
Evaluation Of Inoculant And Npn Silage Additives: A Summary Of 26 Trials And 65 Farm-Scale Silages, K.K. Bolsen, R.N. Sonon, B. Dalke, Ronald V. Pope, Jack G. Riley, A. Laytimi
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Results from 26 trials comparing fermentation, dry matter (DM) recovery, and effects on cattle performance of inoculated or nonprotein nitrogen (NPN)-treated silages vs. controls were summarized using paired t-test analysis. Inoculants consistently improved fermentation efficiency, DM recovery, feed conversion, and gain per ton of crop ensiled in both corn and forage sorghum silages. The use of NPN, particularly urea or anhydrous ammonia, adversely affected fermentation efficiency, DM recovery, avg daily gain, and gain per ton of crop ensiled, particularly for the higher moisture forage sorghums.
Evaluation Of Inoculant-Treated Corn Silages, K.K. Bolsen, D.G. Tiemann, R.N. Sonon, R.A. Hart, B. Dalke, J.T. Dickerson, C. Lin
Evaluation Of Inoculant-Treated Corn Silages, K.K. Bolsen, D.G. Tiemann, R.N. Sonon, R.A. Hart, B. Dalke, J.T. Dickerson, C. Lin
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Whole-plant corn silages treated with either Pioneer 1174® or Biotal® inoculants were preserved more efficiently than control silages. They had slightly higher dry matter (DM) recoveries; more lactic acid; higher lactic to acetic acid ratios; and less acetic acid, ethanol, and ammonia-nitrogen. Laboratory silo results showed that both inoculated silages produced lactic acid faster than control silages during the first 7 days and had more desirable fermentation profiles at the end of 90 days. Applying 5 or 10 times the recommended rate of Biotal inoculant had only a small and nonsignificant effect on rate and efficiency of fermentation. Yearling steers …
Effects Of Biomate® Inoculant And Dextrose On The Fermentation Of Alfalfa Silages, C. Lin, K.K. Bolsen, J.E. Bradford, B.E. Brent, A.M. Feyerherm, W.R. Aimutis
Effects Of Biomate® Inoculant And Dextrose On The Fermentation Of Alfalfa Silages, C. Lin, K.K. Bolsen, J.E. Bradford, B.E. Brent, A.M. Feyerherm, W.R. Aimutis
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
This study documented once again that ensiling alfalfa is difficult and unpredictable. Adding 2% dextrose or Biomate® inoculant alone or in combination had little influence on the ensiling process but did improve fermentation efficiency somewhat. The pre-ensiling characteristics (i.e., dry matter (DM) and water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) values, buffering capacity, and epiphytic microflora) at the different cuttings and stages of maturity undoubtedly influenced the effectiveness of the two additives. Apparently, alfalfa often has too little WSC and too much buffering capacity to produce adequately preserved silage, especially when ensiled at a low DM content (less than 30 to 34%).
Interrelationship Between Copper And Bovine Health, Robert L. Larson, J.D. Arthington, L.R. Corah
Interrelationship Between Copper And Bovine Health, Robert L. Larson, J.D. Arthington, L.R. Corah
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Trace mineral nutrition is important to production efficiency and animal health. Trace mineral imbalances may be the roots of many diagnosed or undiagnosed problems in a herd. The low cost of a complete mineral analysis when compared to production losses encourages its use in the evaluation of any bovine herd in which trace mineral imbalances are suspected. A systematic gathering of information on mineral intake, antagonist intake, and serum and tissue values is necessary in order to make a diagnosis and a rational treatment decision. It is important to understand the complex interactions between minerals so that supplementation with one …
Effects Of Source And Level Of Energy Or Protein Supplementation On Nitrate Toxicity In Cattle, M.W. Smith, M.R. Blanding, L.R. Corah, Dale A. Blasi
Effects Of Source And Level Of Energy Or Protein Supplementation On Nitrate Toxicity In Cattle, M.W. Smith, M.R. Blanding, L.R. Corah, Dale A. Blasi
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Two experiments were conducted to investigate whether level or source of energy and protein supplementation would reduce the incidence or severity of clinical toxicity in cattle fed forages high in nitrate (NO3). Heavily fertilized sudan hay with 40,000 to 50,000 ppm NO3 was fed in both experiments. The percentage of total blood hemoglobin converted to methemoglobin by nitrate was used to compare treatment effectiveness. Energy supplementation at levels tested in Exp. 1 had no effect on methemoglobin concentration. In Exp. 2, all protein sources (wheat midds, urea, soybean meal) reduced the maximum methemoglobin levels and increased the rate of reconversion …
The Effects Of Slow-Release Copper Boluses On Cow Reproductive Performance And Calf Growth, J.D. Arthington, Robert L. Larson, L.R. Corah
The Effects Of Slow-Release Copper Boluses On Cow Reproductive Performance And Calf Growth, J.D. Arthington, Robert L. Larson, L.R. Corah
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Two Kansas cow/calf herds known to be copper deficient were utilized to examine the effect of slow-release copper boluses. In herd I, 34 spring-calving cows and calves were divided into a treated and control group at 3-4 months following calving. In herd II, 1106 fall-calving cows and 172 calves were divided into a treated and control group at 3-4 months following calving. In both herds, cow liver and serum samples were collected and assayed for copper and iron. Cows in herd II were also examined for various reproductive parameters. Calf ADG was monitored over a 42-day treatment period in herd …
Performance Of Rat-Tail Calves, R.R. Schalles, Douglas A. Powell, L.V. Cundiff, J.B. Glaze
Performance Of Rat-Tail Calves, R.R. Schalles, Douglas A. Powell, L.V. Cundiff, J.B. Glaze
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
The rat-tail syndrome occurs in a small percentage of calves produced by crossing Continental breeds of cattle with Angus or Holstein. These calves are characterized by short, curly, malformed, sometimes sparse body hair and an abnormal tail switch. The performance of 43 rat-tail calves was compared to that of 570 normal calves of the same breeding and contemporary groups. All rat-tail calves were sired by Simmental bulls and were from cows with various percentages of Angus breeding. As the percentage of Angus increased, the frequency of rat-tail calves increased. The rat-tail condition had no effect on birth weight, weaning weight, …
Short-Run Impact Of Captive Supplies On Fed Cattle Prices, J. Mintert, R. Jones, F. Brazle, Ted C. Schroeder
Short-Run Impact Of Captive Supplies On Fed Cattle Prices, J. Mintert, R. Jones, F. Brazle, Ted C. Schroeder
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Factors affecting western Kansas fed cattle prices during May through November 1990 were investigated. In particular, the impact of changes in captive cattle supplies on cash prices was examined. The term captive cattle supplies refers to cattle procured by a packer well in advance of slaughter. Captive supplies take one of three forms: 1) packer-owned cattle, 2) cattle procured on forward contracts, and 3) cattle procured under formula price (or marketing) agreements. Captive supplies were defined as cattle procured under forward contracts or formula price agreements, because data on packer-owned cattle were unavailable. Over the May through November 1990 period …
Synchronization Of Estrus In Yearling Beef Heifers With The Mga®/Prostaglandin System: I. Effect On Inducement Of Puberty And Conception Rates, L.R. Corah, J.R. Yaeger, J.C. Whittier, J.C. Meiske, D.J. Patterson, K. C. Olson
Synchronization Of Estrus In Yearling Beef Heifers With The Mga®/Prostaglandin System: I. Effect On Inducement Of Puberty And Conception Rates, L.R. Corah, J.R. Yaeger, J.C. Whittier, J.C. Meiske, D.J. Patterson, K. C. Olson
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
We evaluated the estrous response and fertility of yearling beef heifers after treatment with melengestrol acetate (MGA) and prostaglandin F2" (PG). The 304 heifers, at three locations, were allotted to two treatments: nonsynchronized controls and those receiving .5 mg MGA per head daily for 14 days followed by a 25 mg PG injection 17 days after the end of MGA feeding (MGA/PG). Heifers in the control and MGA/PG groups were artificially inseminated 12 hours after observed estrus for 21 days or 6 days after PG, respectively. Conception rate at first service and overall pregnancy rate did not differ (P>.10) …
Comparison Of Feeding Calves Vs. Yearlings, D.T. Hickok, R.R. Schalles, D.E. Franke, Michael E. Dikeman
Comparison Of Feeding Calves Vs. Yearlings, D.T. Hickok, R.R. Schalles, D.E. Franke, Michael E. Dikeman
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Data from the 207 crossbred steers used in this study indicate that when calves are placed in the feedlot on a finishing ration at weaning, they will have better feed efficiencies, greater lifetime ADGs, lighter carcass weights, and equal carcass qualities compared to those placed as yearlings. In recent times, heavy carcass weights have been rather common in the industry. Every over-weight steer had a desirable weight at one time, and this study shows that they would have produced a desirable carcass if managed correctly.
Effect Of Presponse® On The Gain And Health Of Long-Hauled, Newly Arrived Calves, F.K. Brazle
Effect Of Presponse® On The Gain And Health Of Long-Hauled, Newly Arrived Calves, F.K. Brazle
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Five hundred mixed-breed steer and bull calves (246 lbs) were divided into two treatment groups, with one group receiving a new Pasteurella haemolytica vaccine (Presponse®) at arrival. There was no difference between groups in terms of gain, mortality, or morbidity during the 32-day receiving study. The Presponse group required fewer (P<.09) medication days per animal purchased, resulting in $1.68 less drug cost per head than the control group.
A Comparison Of Beef Flavor Intensity Among Major Muscles, C.F. Carmack, J.R. Schwenke, Curtis L. Kastner, Michael E. Dikeman
A Comparison Of Beef Flavor Intensity Among Major Muscles, C.F. Carmack, J.R. Schwenke, Curtis L. Kastner, Michael E. Dikeman
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Twelve muscles from eight Select/Choice grade steers were evaluated for beef flavor intensity, tenderness, and juiciness. Sample steaks were cut, and evaluation was performed by a five-member professional panel. The biceps femoris ranked highest in beef flavor intensity but was not different (P>.05) from the psoas major, gluteus medius, semimembranosus, and triceps brachii (scores of 7.8, 7.5, 7.4, 7.4, and 7.3, respectively). The rectus femoris, longissimus lumborum, serratus ventralis, infraspinatus, semitendinosus, deep pectoral, and supraspinatus were less intense in beef flavor (7.1, 7.1, 7.0, 6.8, 6.8, 6.7, and 6.6, respectively). The psoas major was most tender (P<.05) of all muscles, followed by the infraspinatus, longissimus lumborum, rectus femoris, and serratus ventralis, which were all similar (P>.05). Muscles …
Effects Of Interactions Between Aspergillus Oryzae Extract (Amaferm) And Antimicrobial Compounds On The Growth Of Ruminal Bacteria, A.A. Beharka, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja
Effects Of Interactions Between Aspergillus Oryzae Extract (Amaferm) And Antimicrobial Compounds On The Growth Of Ruminal Bacteria, A.A. Beharka, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
The effect of Amaferm, with or without antimicrobial compounds, was determined on the growth rate of pure cultures of predominant ruminal bacteria. Adding Amaferm to media containing chlortetracyline or neomycin tended to diminish the negative effects of those compounds on the growth rate of some ruminal bacteria, even when they had shown no positive response to Amaferm alone. However, adding Amaferm to media containing tylosin decreased the growth rate of Selenomonas ruminantium D. These results indicate that Amaferm interacts both positively and negatively with certain antimicrobial compounds.
Synchronization Of Estrus In Yearling Beef Heifers With The Mga®/Prostaglandin F2Α System: Iii. Timed Insemination After 72 Hours Of Estrous Detection, Robert L. Larson, L.R. Corah
Synchronization Of Estrus In Yearling Beef Heifers With The Mga®/Prostaglandin F2Α System: Iii. Timed Insemination After 72 Hours Of Estrous Detection, Robert L. Larson, L.R. Corah
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
The percentage of heifers conceiving to artificial insemination (AI) following melengestrol acetate/prostaglandin F2"(MGA®/PG) estrous synchronization can be increased by mass insemination of all heifers not showing estrus by 72 h after PG. Inseminating at 12 h after estrus detection all heifers showing estrus within 72 h after PG; then inseminating those not detected in estrus by 72 h after PG as a group increased the proportion of heifers conceiving to AI by 10.8%.
Synchronization Of Estrus In Yearling Beef Heifers With The Melengestrol Acetate®/Prostaglandin F2"System: Ii. Timed Insemination, Robert L. Larson, L.R. Corah, S.V. Viker
Synchronization Of Estrus In Yearling Beef Heifers With The Melengestrol Acetate®/Prostaglandin F2"System: Ii. Timed Insemination, Robert L. Larson, L.R. Corah, S.V. Viker
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Inseminating heifers 72 hr after the PG injection in the melengestrol acetate/ prostaglandin F (MGA®/PG) estrous synchronization system, without regard to behavioral estrus, tended to improve (P=.2) the percent of heifers pregnant to artificial insemination (AI) when compared to synchronized heifers bred 12 h after they were first detected in estrus. In the timed inseminated treatment, heifers exhibiting behavioral estrus 48 to 72 h after PG tended to have a higher (P<.12) conception rate to AI than heifers showing estrus within 48 h after PG. For situations in which the number of heifers conceiving to AI is more economically important than first service conception rate, or when labor restrictions make estrous detection impossible, timed insemination at 72 h after PG in the MGA/PG system shows promise as a management option.
Effects Of Niacin And Aspirin On Serum Prolactin And Body Temperature Of Heifers Fed Endophyte-Infected Tall Fescue, Robert L. Larson, L.R. Corah
Effects Of Niacin And Aspirin On Serum Prolactin And Body Temperature Of Heifers Fed Endophyte-Infected Tall Fescue, Robert L. Larson, L.R. Corah
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Feeding niacin to cattle consuming endophyte (Acremonium coenophialum)-infected tall fescue elevated their serum prolactin concentrations to levels similar to those of heifers fed hay containing a low content of endophyte. Heifers fed high-endophyte hay, with or without aspirin, had lower serum prolactin concentrations than heifers fed low-endophyte fescue hay (P<.1). Compared to control cattle fed high-endophyte hay, neither niacin nor aspirin lowered morning or evening body temperatures during the period August 16 to September 4. Feeding aspirin did not lower body temperature or increase prolactin concentration in animals fed high-endophyte fescue forage. Some benefit was seen when niacin was added to the diet, as evidenced by higher (P<.01) prolactin concentrations; however body temperature was not lowered.
Effect Of Castration Method On Stocker Health And Gain, F.K. Brazle
Effect Of Castration Method On Stocker Health And Gain, F.K. Brazle
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Two field trials were conducted to compare two different band-castration techniques with surgical castration of calves and yearlings. In Trial I, the bull calves were surgically castrated or banded with Elastrator® rubber rings and compared with calves purchased as steers. Purchased steers gained faster (P<.05) during the 33-day receiving trial than bulls castrated by either method, but no difference was observed in percentage of sick calves. In Trial II, yearling bulls were surgically castrated or banded with the EZE® Bloodless Castrator device. Yearlings purchased as steers gained faster (P<.05) than EZE-castrated bulls during the 110-day trial. Bulls castrated by either method required more medications (P<.07) than steers. In both trials, there was no advantage to banding compared with surgical castration of bulls in terms of gain or health.
Variation In The Quality Of Forage Grazed By Pregnant/Lactating Beef Cows At Key Periods In The Year, E.S. Vanzant, R.C. Cochran, T.A. Stanley
Variation In The Quality Of Forage Grazed By Pregnant/Lactating Beef Cows At Key Periods In The Year, E.S. Vanzant, R.C. Cochran, T.A. Stanley
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Seven ruminal and esophageally fistulated crossbred beef cows were used to monitor changes in chemical composition of tallgrass-prairie forage selected during November of 1989 and January, March, June, and August of 1990. Quality of forage selected by beef cows was lowest during the period just before calving (cows calved in early February) but had begun to improve by the March sampling (postpartum period) and reached its peak during June sampling period (breeding season). Observed variability in the fiber and protein components of grazed forage highlights the dynamic nature of forage quality and emphasizes the importance of using such information when …
Heritabilities And Genetic Correlations Of Ultrasound-Measured Ribeye Area With Other Performance Traits In Brangus Cattle, M.Z. Johnson, R.R. Schalles, W. Olson, Michael E. Dikeman
Heritabilities And Genetic Correlations Of Ultrasound-Measured Ribeye Area With Other Performance Traits In Brangus Cattle, M.Z. Johnson, R.R. Schalles, W. Olson, Michael E. Dikeman
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Heritabilities and genetic correlations for ultrasound-measured ribeye area and fat thickness, as well as growth traits and scrotal circumference, were determined using performance records of 1613 Brangus calves born from 1987 to 1990. Moderate heritabilities of .39 for weaning and .40 for yearling ultrasound- measured ribeye area indicate that selection to change these traits should be effective. The positive, and generally large, genetic correlations between ultrasound-measured ribeye areas and growth traits indicate that genetic change of these traits can be made in tandem. The low heritability (.14) of fat thickness, the small amount of fat, and the lack of variation …
Epiphytic Lactic Acid Bacteria Succession During The Pre-Ensiling And Ensiling Periods Of Alfalfa And Corn, Chunjian Lin, B.E. Brent, K.K. Bolsen, Daniel Y.C. Fung
Epiphytic Lactic Acid Bacteria Succession During The Pre-Ensiling And Ensiling Periods Of Alfalfa And Corn, Chunjian Lin, B.E. Brent, K.K. Bolsen, Daniel Y.C. Fung
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Twenty three species and 306 strains of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were found for two cuttings of alfalfa, each harvested at three stages of maturity, and three whole-plant corn hybrids. Epiphytic LAB counts were low and variable on the standing crops, particularly on alfalfa. Wilting increased LAB numbers slightly for alfalfa, but the chopping process increased counts dramatically for both crops. Lactobacillus plantarum, Pediococcus pentosaceus, Enterococcus faecium, and E. faecalis were predominant on both standing crops. The changes in LAB caused by wilting or chopping were mainly proportional changes in the four dominant species. Once the crops were ensiled, …
Influence Of Fat And Monensin Levels On Performance Of Finishing Steers, Robert T. Brandt Jr., Ronald V. Pope
Influence Of Fat And Monensin Levels On Performance Of Finishing Steers, Robert T. Brandt Jr., Ronald V. Pope
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
To evaluate effects and potential interaction of supplemental fat (0 to 4% tallow) and monensin (0, 20, 40 g/ton) in a corn-based finishing diet, 96 Continental crossbred steers (860 lb) were used in a 2x3 factorially arranged randomized complete block design. Consumption by steers fed the 0% fat diet decreased linearly (P<.0001) with increased monensin level, whereas consumption by steers fed 4% fat diets decreased curvilinearly (P<.08), indicating that monensin depressed intake much less when the diet contained fat. Daily gain decreased linearly (P<.02) with increased monensin level for steers fed no supplemental fat, but remained constant in steers fed 4% fat. Feed efficiency was improved (P<.025) by 4% fat across levels of monensin. This study provides further evidence of interactions between monensin and supplemental fat in effects on animal performance.
Losses From Top Spoilage In Corn And Forage Sorghum Silages In Horizontal Silos, J.T. Dickerson, K.K. Bolsen, B.E. Brent, C. Lin
Losses From Top Spoilage In Corn And Forage Sorghum Silages In Horizontal Silos, J.T. Dickerson, K.K. Bolsen, B.E. Brent, C. Lin
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Corn and forage sorghum silages were stored in small (simulated), farm-scale, bunker silos for 180 days, and dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) losses; fermentation characteristics; and temperatures were measured at 10, 20, and 30 inches from the original silage surface. Sealing the exposed surface significantly increased DM and OM recoveries in both crops, regardless of depth. Immediate sealing preserved more DM and OM than delayed sealing, particularly at the 10-in. depth. The unsealed silages from both crops maintained dramatically higher temperatures within the top 3 ft. than sealed silages. As expected, the unsealed silages deteriorated completely at 10- …