Life Sciences Commons^™

Diversity And Damage Assessment Of Snail In Cultivated Crops Of Neelabut Bagh Azad Jammu And Kashmir (Pakistan), Abu Ul Hassan Faiz, Lariab Zahra Faiz

Journal of Bioresource Management

The present study was conducted to study diversity and damage assessment of snails in cultivated crops and ornamental plants. The study revealed two types of snail species Macrochlamys indica and Indoplanorbis exustus in the study area. The sampled plots of tomato, Karam, Palak, Dhania, Maize, Fresh beans, Sunflowers, Aloe Vera, Loki, Pumpkin, Bitter guard, Kheera, Kachmach, Hund were taken. The study revealed that at Neelabut, when 39 plants of Fresh beans were examined out of them 18 were found damaged and the damage percentage was 46%, 38 plants of sunflowers were examined and 17 (45%) were found damaged, 85 plants …

New Record Of Two Rodent Species From Khenchela Region (East Of Algeria), Hakim Drouai, Yassine Nouidjem, Fateh Mimeche

Journal of Bioresource Management

Mus spretus is endemic to the Mediterranean region and Jaculus orientalis is only found in North Africa and Saudi Arabia. Their presence in Algeria was previously evidenced in other studies, the present paper focuses on the recent discovery of the Jaculus orientalis Erxleben, 1777 and Mus spretus Lataste, 1883 in a new locality of the East of Algeria, in Khenchela region (Aurès Mountain), based on weight and external measurements. The sampling period took four months between April and July 2019. This observation will enrich the knowledge of Algerian Rodents fauna in general and of Khenchela in particular.

Avifauna Diversity Of Darmalak Ali Kach Game Reserve At District Kohat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, Gauhar Zaman, Naveed Ullah Atif, Nazim Ali, Hamid Ullah

Journal of Bioresource Management

Darmalak Ali Kach Game Reserve (District Kohat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan), has variety of habitats. Field survey was conducted using count method; block method etc. The total number of individuals counted during study was 528. Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index was 3.195 which indicate a high level of biodiversity. The highest number of each bird species observed and data was tabulated and statistical analysis was carried out using Microsoft Excel sheets. Relative Abundance of bird species was also calculated along with species evenness, richness and Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index. During the present survey 27 bird species, belonging to 8 orders and 15 families, were …

Genomic Adaptations And Evolutionary History Of The Extinct Scimitar-Toothed Cat, Homotherium Latidens, Ross Barnett, Michael V. Westbury, Marcela Sandoval-Velasco, Filipe Garrett Vieira, Sungwon Jeon, Grant Zazula, Michael D. Martin, Simon Y.W. Ho, Niklas Mather, Shyam Gopalakrishnan, Jazmín Ramos-Madrigal, Marc De Manuel, M. Lisandra Zepeda-Mendoza, Agostinho Antunes, Aldo Carmona Baez, Binia De Cahsan, Greger Larson, Stephen J. O'Brien, Eduardo Eizirik, Warren E. Johnson, Klaus Peter Koepfli, Andreas Wilting, Jörns Fickel, Love Dalén, Eline D. Lorenzen, Tomas Marques-Bonet, Anders J. Hansen, Guojie Zhang, Jong Bhak

Biology Faculty Articles

Homotherium was a genus of large-bodied scimitar-toothed cats, morphologically distinct from any extant felid species, that went extinct at the end of the Pleistocene [1–4]. They possessed large, saber-form serrated canine teeth, powerful forelimbs, a sloping back, and an enlarged optic bulb, all of which were key characteristics for predation on Pleistocene megafauna [5]. Previous mitochondrial DNA phylogenies suggested that it was a highly divergent sister lineage to all extant cat species [6–8]. However, mitochondrial phylogenies can be misled by hybridization [9], incomplete lineage sorting (ILS), or sex-biased dispersal patterns [10], which might be especially relevant for Homotherium since widespread …

In‐Herd Diversity Of Lifetime Performances: A Key For The Sustainability Of Livestock Farming System Based On Grassland, Laurence Puillet, D. Sauvant, M. Tichit

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

On The Straight And Narrow: How Cultural Beliefs About Sex/Gender Manifest In College Biology Learning Environments., Katherine Ray Kng

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation focused on the ways that social beliefs about sex/gender and sexuality manifest in biology classrooms. Especially for health science students, classes include topics like sex, sexuality, sexual behaviors, or sex determination that forms the foundation of their understanding of human forms and behaviors. If the information they receive does not include the LGBTQIA+ community, their education will fail to adequately prepare them for the reality of healthcare practice where they will be expected to treat all patients with dignity and respect. There are three chapters in this dissertation. In chapter one, I asked what beliefs about and conceptions …

Warming‐Induced Decline In Ecosystem Services Is Mitigated By Plant Traits On The Tibetan Plateau, Julia A. Klein, J. Harte, X. Q. Zhao

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

Deep Sea Isopods From The Western Mediterranean: Distribution And Habitat, Joan E. Cartes, Diego F. Figueroa

School of Earth, Environmental, and Marine Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Isopods are a highly diversified group of deep-sea fauna, with a wide variety of shapes which must reflect a similar great variety of adaptations to the deep environments. The deep Mediterranean, however, has a low diversity of isopods related to its oligotrophy, the thermal stability of deep-water masses (∼12.8 °C below 150 - 200 m) and rather homogeneous geomorphology. The main factor defining isopod habitats in the Balearic Basin is insularity vs mainland influence. Desmosomatidae and Ischnomesidae, examples of epibenthic species (with lack of paddle-shaped legs and non/low-natatory capacity) are mainly linked to mainland areas with higher % organic matter …

Testing Non‐Equilibrium Theory: Effects Of Grazing On Plant Community Composition And Soil Nutrient Availability In Dry Southern Mongolian Steppes, Karsten Wesche, Katrin Ronnenberg

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

Theoretical And Quantitative Methods Connecting Characterizing Micoribal Metabolism Diversity: Implciations From Phylogenetics, Community Diversity, And Organic Geochemistry, Taylor Royalty

Doctoral Dissertations

Biogeochemistry is controlled by microorganisms obtaining nutrients and energy. Thus, microbial metabolisms directly link microbial ecology and geochemistry. The extent that microbial ecology and geochemistry microbial ecology and geochemistry affects the other requires constraint on the spatiotemporal distribution and abundance of microbial metabolisms with respect to geochemistry, or the microbial niches. Elucidating microbial metabolisms was challenging prior to the advent of ‘omics sequencing technologies, as most microbial lineages lack cultured representatives. Although revolutionizing microbial ecology, challenges still exist in fully leveraging information derived from ‘omics technologies. This dissertation attempts to address a small subset of these challenges that include quantifying …

Plant Diversity And Nitrogen Addition On Belowground Biodiversity And Soil Organic Carbon Storage In Biofuel Cropping Systems, Jennifer Butt

Boise State University Theses and Dissertations

Bioenergy production may reduce the emission of CO₂ which contributes to climate change, particularly when management strategies are adopted that promote soil carbon (C) sequestration in bioenergy cropping systems. Planting perennial native grasses, such as switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) and big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii Vitman) may be used as a strategy to enhance soil C accumulation owing to their extensive root systems. Fertilizer use may further promote soil C sequestration, because of its positive impacts on plant production and soil C input. However,, the influence of fertilizer addition on soil C accumulation is variable across bioenergy cropping …

Learning From Chemical Coping Behaviors Of Wildlife To Discover New Approaches For Pest Management, Britt Pendleton

Boise State University Theses and Dissertations

Pests, such as parasites and pathogens, persist throughout time and space as threats to public health and food security. The need for novel and sustainable approaches to managing these threats are in high demand. The current approach of discovering and developing chemical treatments to manage pests is tedious, not efficient, and often outpaced by traits of resistance in pests. Here, we propose a new approach to discovering new chemical pest management solutions by observing chemical coping behaviors in wildlife. We define a chemical coping behavior as the exploitation of naturally occurring chemicals within a host’s environment to manage pests. Specifically, …

Forests, Steppes And Grasslands In Morocco: Diversity, Ecological Importance And Socio‐Economic Role, Mohammed Sghir Taleb, Mohamed Fennane

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

Assessing Genetic Diversity Of Elymus Sibiricus (Poaceae: Triticeae) Populations From Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau By Issr Markers, Xiao Ma, Xinquan Zhang, Yonghong Zhou, Shiqie Bai

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

Overgrazing Affects Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Diversity And Abundance In Patagonian Steppe, Natalie Von Dudinszky, M. N. Cabello, A. A. Grimoldi, S. Schalamuk, R. A. Golluscio

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

Caddisflies (Trichoptera) Of The Buffalo National River, Arkansas, David E. Bowles, Cameron Cheri, Faron D. Usrey, Jeffrey M. Williams

Insecta Mundi

We report 106 species of caddisflies (Trichoptera) representing 44 genera and 16 families that were collected across 50 sampling sites in the Buffalo River watershed. The species collected represent about 45% of the known Interior Highlands caddisfly fauna. The most speciose families collected were the Hydroptilidae (30), Leptoceridae (21), and Hydropsychidae (17). Two species found during this study, Paduniella nearctica and Ochrotrichia contorta, are listed as species of special concern in the state of Arkansas due to their relative rarity. Similarity analysis values among collection sites ranged from 9% to 77%. Seriation analysis of caddisfly genera and species showed …

Which "Me" Am I Going To Be Today? Exploring Genetic Counselors' Attitudes On Expressing Their "Authentic Self" In The Workplace, Brynna Nguyenton

KGI Theses and Dissertations

While professional organizations expect their employees to adhere to a cohesive image based on the social contract of professionalism, the modern workplace is growing increasingly diverse and freedom of self-expression is challenged by these traditionally defined norms. This study seeks to define these societal expectations and their implications in the context of a rapidly changing professional landscape. Individuals portray their true identities, or “authentic selves,” through their internal beliefs and external appearance, so naturally, these expressions may contradict the expectations for their professional appearance. Previous research has investigated professionalism, authentic selfhood, and the genetic counseling profession on separate levels, but …

Est-Ssrs Provide A Good Measure Of Genetic Diversity For Improvement Of Gum Content In Cluster Bean, Neha Wadhwa, Aditi, Udai Narayan Joshi, Neelam R. Yadav

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub., commonly known as guar is an important multipurpose arid leguminous crop of India, mainly cultivated in north-western parts of India. The pods of the guar plant grow in clusters giving guar the common name of clusterbean. It is mainly grown for feed, green fodder, vegetable and green manuring. Its seeds are also an important source of galactomannan (guar gum) which is used as a food ingredient and more recently as a neutraceutical. Guar gum is also having pharmaceutical importance and found to be effective in osteoarthritis, as artificial cervical mucus and for anticancer medicine in the …

A Comparative Ecological Study Of Limestone And Dolomite Glades In The Ozark Mountains Of Northwest Arkansas, Brittney Booth

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Glades are one of the many habitats that exist in the Arkansas Ozarks and contribute to the overall biodiversity of the state of Arkansas. For this study, five dolomite glades and five limestone glades in the Ozarks of northwest Arkansas were studied from March to October in the years 2017 and 2018 to determine the similarities or differences that might be present. One hundred and fifteen vascular plant taxa were documented in the dolomite glades and one hundred and three vascular plant taxa were documented in the limestone glades. Forty-six vascular plant taxa were unique to the dolomite glades and …

Spring 2020

Scientia

From the Dean: Forward Motion; Strategic Plan Summary: Make No Little Plans; Alumnus Profile: Principled Prescription - William McDade is making medicine more diverse nationally: Living Our Mission: A Just World - For Mark Potosnak, concern for the environment isn't just a job, it's a moral obligation; One Peace at a Time: Psychology professors LaVome Robinson and Leonard Jason are working to prevent violence in schools; Impactful Inquiry: Real-world opportunities give undergraduate students a head start on their career paths; Lab Notes

Microbiota Accessible Carbohydrates And Susceptibility To Clostridioides Difficile Infection, Keegan Schuchart, Jennifer Auchtung, Thomas Auchtung

UCARE Research Products

This experiment looked into the effects of dietary microbiota accessible carbohydrates (MACs)on the composition of human GI microbe colonies and their susceptibility to pathogen infection. Three different concentrations of MAC ingrained media were tested in mini bioreactor arrays, treated with antibiotics, infected with Clostridioides difficile, then allowed to recover. Microbe community was examined for strain composition and diversity before and after the antibiotic treatment and Clostridioides difficile infection. After the initial mini bioreactor run, individual isolates were investigated in their ability to respond to specific MACs Arabinoglactina, Inulin, and Soluble starch at experimental concentrations.

Lgbtq Training For Aquatic Employees: Impact On Attitudes And Professional Competencies, Austin R. Anderson, Eric Knee, William D. Ramos

International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education

This study examined the impact of a LGBTQ diversity training on the attitudes and professional competencies of aquatic employees within a campus recreational sports setting. While diversity training is often discussed as a key component of inclusive aquatic programming, little empirical research examining the outcomes associated with such trainings exists. As such, members of the research team developed, implemented, and evaluated a four-month long training program consisting of one in-person training session and monthly inclusion handouts discussing issues related to the inclusion of LGBTQ participants. A comparative quantitative research design was used to measure employee’s attitudes towards the LGBTQ population …

Determining Benthic Macroinvertebrate Abundance And Diversity In Two Arctic Lakes As Part Of An Experimental Lake Warming, Allie Huish

Biology Posters

Global climate change threatens the integrity of freshwater ecosystems across the globe. At higher latitudes these ecosystems are experiencing the highest rates of temperature increase related to climate change. Freshwater invertebrate communities are important sources of food for fishes and bioindicators helping us understand the health of entire ecosystems. Our research is part of a larger experiment which aims to artificially warm an arctic lake by 2-4 ⁰C, to try and determine the impact of rising temperatures on lake food webs and ecosystem function. Our objectives were to calculate benthic macroinvertebrate densities in two arctic lakes, Fog1 and Fog3 (one …

Impact Of Grazing On Soil Seed Bank Replenishment Under The Mediterranean Climate Of Northern Syria, Abdoul Aziz Niane, P. C. Struik, Murari Singh, Zewdie Bishaw

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Rangelands represent 70% of the semi-arid and arid Mediterranean land mass. It is a habitat for millions of people whose livelihood depends on animal husbandry. The revolutionary developments in the animal husbandry and veterinary medicines resulted in exponential increases in livestock and human populations living on and from dry lands. To respond to population growth, expansion on urbanization, transportation and road networks, land reform and rural development policies forced nomads to adopt sedentary lifestyles. The demographic changes coupled with national and international border crossing restrictions escalated opportunistic cultivation, and excessive exploitation of the scarce and slowly renewable vegetation cover of …

Does Negative Frequency-Dependent Selection Maintain Gonopodial Asymmetry In Xenophallus Umbratilis?, Mary-Elise Johnson, Erik S. Johnson, Jerald B. Johnson

Library/Life Sciences Undergraduate Poster Competition 2020

How does negative frequency-dependent selection emerge in populations?

The idea of negative frequency-dependent selection is elegant and simple: Traits are evolutionarily favored when they are rare but disfavored when they become common. This can theoretically lead to oscillations in the ratios of morphs within populations. Unfortunately, there is still little evidence that this process occurs in the wild. The live bearing fish Xenophallus umbratilis exhibits uniquely asymetrical morphology in the male mating structure, called a gonopodium. In this species, the gonopodium terminates with either a dextral (right-handed) or sinistral (left handed) twist, suggesting that mating within this species could be …

Computational Tools For Analyzing Correlations Between Microbial Biological Diversity And Ecosystems, Behzad Torkian

Theses and Dissertations

Metagenomics has developed into a reliable mechanism to analyze microbial diversity of microbial communities in the recent years. Through the use of next-generation sequencing, metagenomic studies can generate billions of short sequencing reads that are processed by computational tools. However, with the rapid adoption of metagenomics, a large amount of data has been produced. This high level of data production requires the development of computational tools and pipelines to manage data scalability and performance. In this thesis, we developed several tools that will aid in the exploration of the large amount of DNA sequence data, and we further developed a …

Insect Diversity And Association With Plants: A Case Study In Rural Areas Of Dhirkot, Azad Kashmir Pakistan, Abu Ul Hassan Faiz, Mehboob Ul Hassan, Mikhail F. Bagaturov, Majid Mahmood, Ghazal Tariq, Lariab Zahra Faiz

Journal of Bioresource Management

Insects play a vital role for proper functioning of forest ecosystem, including positive roles as pollinators, seed dispersers, genetic linkers and detrimental effects by feeding on and/or killing trees. The present study was conducted to find insect association with plants in rural areas of Dhirkot. The study was conducted from March, 2019 to September, 2019. The sampling was carried out by line transect method. Thirty transects were taken for sampling insects. Sixty-five species of insects in association with 150 plants were recorded.

An Investigation Into The Effects Of Rural Roads On Plant Diversity Of Roadsides In Arid Rangelands Of Iran, Anahita Rashtian, Mansour Mesdaghi

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Roads are essential elements of human societies. Rural roads are clear indicators of rural development. Most rural roads in Iran are dirt roads and roadside vegetation is an important part of the ecosystem. Making roads can change the microclimate, including the light regime, pH and organic matter of soil, hydrological and sedimentation regimes (Karim and Mallik 2008; Hayasakaa et al. 2012). This can affect the composition of vegetation, with increased density and frequency of some fast-growing species close to the road for example (Parendes and Jones 2000). Road-building can also contaminate the air, soil, and water, with destruction of …

Plant Species Diversity On Protected And Non-Protected Areas Of Golestan National Park And Vicinity Areas, Masoume Amirkhani, Elham Bagherirad, Mansour Mesdaghi

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

It is important to monitor the status of native rangeland vegetation in order to maintain existing grassland remnants which are valuable for wildlife. In the Steppe region, there has been concern that grazing of late-successional ecosystems may decrease plant species diversity on a local and regional scale and adversely affect rare, threatened, or endangered species. Native vegetation is the best indicator of the potential productivity of a specific location. Range-land herbage production is important for multiple land uses such as livestock production, wildlife food and cover, and protection against erosion. In eastern Oregon, variability in rangeland productivity is linked to …

Steppes And Grasslands In Morocco: Diversity, Functional Ecology And Socio-Economic Role, Mohammed Sghir Taleb, Jalal El Oualidi

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

With Morocco’s geographical situation (at the crossroads between Europe and Africa, the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean), its diverse climate and habitats supports a varied natural vegetation. The floristic richness of the country is related to the heterogeneity of biotypes. From the desert to the high mountains and the littoral to the continental borders, Morocco offers varied ecological conditions that support many different plant species. Steppes and grasslands are important parts of the main plant associations encountered in Morocco. They contain a wealth of flora, play important ecological roles and, from a socioeconomic perspective, are highly significant.