Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Life Sciences Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

2007

University of Arkansas, Fayetteville

Discipline
Keyword
Publication
Publication Type

Articles 1 - 30 of 38

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Arkansas Corn And Grain Sorghum Performance Tests 2007, D. G. Dombek, R. D. Bond, I. L. Eldridge, R. M. Pryor Dec 2007

Arkansas Corn And Grain Sorghum Performance Tests 2007, D. G. Dombek, R. D. Bond, I. L. Eldridge, R. M. Pryor

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

Corn and grain sorghum performance tests are conducted each year in Arkansas by the University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture. The tests provide information to companies marketing seed within the state, and aid the Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service in formulating recommendations for producers.

Go to article

Arkansas Soybean Performance Tests 2007, D. G. Dombek, R. D. Bond, I. L. Eldridge, R. M. Pryor Dec 2007

Arkansas Soybean Performance Tests 2007, D. G. Dombek, R. D. Bond, I. L. Eldridge, R. M. Pryor

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

Soybean cultivar performance tests are conducted each year in Arkansas by the University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture. The tests provide information to companies developing cultivars and/or marketing seed within the State, and aid the Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service in formulating cultivar recommendations for soybean producers.

Go to article

Summaries Of Arkansas Cotton Research 2006, Derrick M. Oosterhuis Oct 2007

Summaries Of Arkansas Cotton Research 2006, Derrick M. Oosterhuis

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Arkansas Small-Grain Cultivar Performance Tests 2006-2007, J. T. Kelly, M. J. Emerson, R. K. Bacon, E. A. Milus Aug 2007

Arkansas Small-Grain Cultivar Performance Tests 2006-2007, J. T. Kelly, M. J. Emerson, R. K. Bacon, E. A. Milus

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

Small-grain cultivar performance tests are conducted each year in Arkansas by the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences. The tests provide information to companies developing cultivars and/or marketing seed within the state and aid the Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service in formulating cultivar recommendations for smallgrain producers.

Go to article

B.R. Wells Rice Research Studies 2006, R. J. Norman, J. F. Meullenet, K. A.K. Moldenhauer Aug 2007

B.R. Wells Rice Research Studies 2006, R. J. Norman, J. F. Meullenet, K. A.K. Moldenhauer

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

No abstract provided.

Go to article

The Muscadine Experience: Adding Value To Enhance Profits, Justin R. Morris, Pamela L. Brady Jul 2007

The Muscadine Experience: Adding Value To Enhance Profits, Justin R. Morris, Pamela L. Brady

Research Reports and Research Bulletins

The University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture received a grant from the National Research Initiative (NRI), CSREES USDA. The purpose was to help small- and medium-sized farmers and entrepreneurs enhance the viability of their farms through the establishment of vineyards, on-farm wineries, and production of value-added products from grapes and grape by-products. This publication looks at efforts by the UA Grape and Wine Research Program to enhance the profitability of muscadine grapes. Included are discussions of research designed to develop the market potential of muscadines as fresh fruit and as value-added products such as juice, wine, sweet spreads, vinegar, and …

Go to article

Wayne E. Sabbe Arkansas Soil Fertility Studies 2006, Nathan A. Slaton Mar 2007

Wayne E. Sabbe Arkansas Soil Fertility Studies 2006, Nathan A. Slaton

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

Rapid technological changes in crop management and production require that the research efforts also be presented in an expeditious manner. The contributions of soil fertility and fertilizers are major production factors in all Arkansas crops. The studies described within will allow producers to compare their practices with the university's research efforts. Additionally, soil test data and fertilizer sales are presented to allow comparisons among years, crops, and other areas within Arkansas.

Go to article

Impact Of The Agricultural Sector On The Arkansas Economy In 2003, Jennie Popp, Nathan Kemper, Wayne Miller Feb 2007

Impact Of The Agricultural Sector On The Arkansas Economy In 2003, Jennie Popp, Nathan Kemper, Wayne Miller

Research Reports and Research Bulletins

Agriculture and associated agricultural activities are major contributors to the Arkansas economy. Agriculture is defined as the sum of agricultural production and processing activities, unless otherwise specified, and includes crop and animal production and processing, agricultural support industries, forestry and forest products, and textile goods. Agriculture contributes to the economy through direct agricultural production and value-added processing, and also leads to economic activity in other parts of the economy.

Go to article

Arkansas Cotton Variety Test 2006, Fred M. Bourland, B. S. Brown, J. M. Hornbeck, K. Kaufman Feb 2007

Arkansas Cotton Variety Test 2006, Fred M. Bourland, B. S. Brown, J. M. Hornbeck, K. Kaufman

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

The primary goal of the Arkansas Cotton Variety Test is to provide unbiased data regarding the agronomic performance of cotton varieties and advanced breeding lines in the major cotton-growing areas of Arkansas. This information helps seed companies establish marketing strategies and assists producers in choosing varieties to plant.

Go to article

The Roles, Needs, And Challenges Of Arkansas Women In Agriculture, Carmen C. Albright, Jennie S. Popp Jan 2007

The Roles, Needs, And Challenges Of Arkansas Women In Agriculture, Carmen C. Albright, Jennie S. Popp

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Participants of the 2005-2007 Arkansas Women in Agriculture conferences were surveyed for this study to identify recent changes in their roles on and off the farm, the factors important to their success, and the problems they face in their businesses. Respondents were broken into two groups—Farm (women owner-operators of farms, ranches, or agribusinesses) and Non-farm (women working in supporting agricultural industries)—for comparisons and responses were also analyzed across years. Farm women most often reported problems keeping good employees each year, while Non-farm women often reported having problems with being respected as a female business person. For Farm women, the factor …

Go to article

Comparison Of Aquatic-Insect Habitat And Diversity Above And Below Road Crossings In Low-Order Streams, J. Wesley Neal, Nathan J. Harris, Sathyanand Kumaran, David A. Behler, Thomas J. Lang, Paul R. Port, Marcella Melandri, Benjamin G. Batten Jan 2007

Comparison Of Aquatic-Insect Habitat And Diversity Above And Below Road Crossings In Low-Order Streams, J. Wesley Neal, Nathan J. Harris, Sathyanand Kumaran, David A. Behler, Thomas J. Lang, Paul R. Port, Marcella Melandri, Benjamin G. Batten

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The effects of road crossings on fish communities have been extensively studied; yet little attention has been given to macroinvertebrate communities. This study evaluated physical stream characteristics, water quality, and aquatic-insect richness from above and below road crossings of low-order streams in the Ouachita National Forest in Arkansas. Fifteen road crossings were sampled during October and November 2005. Erosion was significantly higher below road crossings than above. Sites downstream of road crossings had significantly lower pH and significantly higher turbidity than sites upstream of road crossings. Despite differences in water quality and habitat, there was no apparent difference in aquatic-insect …

Go to article

Status Of Birds Newly Recorded In Arkansas Since 1985, Douglas A. James, Joseph C. Neal, Max Parker, Charles Mills Jan 2007

Status Of Birds Newly Recorded In Arkansas Since 1985, Douglas A. James, Joseph C. Neal, Max Parker, Charles Mills

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

In 1994 we published an annotated list of 14 bird species that were newly discovered in Arkansas since the publication in 1986 of the monograph "Arkansas Birds, Their Distribution and Abundance." We now add 22 more new species found in Arkansas since the 1994 publication, and update the status of the original 14. Adding these 36 species to the number included in "Arkansas Birds" totals 402 bird species currently reported in Arkansas.

Go to article

Survey Of Nesting By Cliff Swallows (Petrochelidon Pyrrhonota) And Barn Swallows (Hirundo Rustica) At Highway Bridges In Southern Arkansas, C. Renn Tumlison Jan 2007

Survey Of Nesting By Cliff Swallows (Petrochelidon Pyrrhonota) And Barn Swallows (Hirundo Rustica) At Highway Bridges In Southern Arkansas, C. Renn Tumlison

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The Cliff Swallow (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota) and Bam Swallow (Hinmdo rustica) both are migratory species that, in Arkansas, were known to nest only in the northern part of the state until the mid to late 1900s. The construction of concrete bridges apparently provided suitable nesting structure for both species. I conducted a survey of bridges along highways in southern Arkansas to look for evidence of nesting by these species. Nests of CliffSwallows were found in AsWey, Bradley, Clark, Cleveland, Hempstead, Hot Spring, Howard, Lafayette, Lincoln, Little River, Miller, Nevada, Ouachita, Pike, Sevier, and Union Counties. Nests of Barn Swallows were more …

Go to article

The Effects Of Nematode Infection And Mi-Mediated Resistance In Tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum) On Plant Fitness, Brandon P. Corbett Jan 2007

The Effects Of Nematode Infection And Mi-Mediated Resistance In Tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum) On Plant Fitness, Brandon P. Corbett

Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal

The Mi gene in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is a single, dominant resistance (R) gene that confers resistance against several species of insects and root-knot nematodes. Tis study examined the impact of root-knot nematode infestation and the plant growth and reproduction of near-isogenic tomato cultivars with and without Mi. The objectives of this experiment were to examine the potential fitness costs and benefits of the R gene-mediated herbivore resistance, and to explore the role of nematodes as a selection pressure favoring plants that carry Mi. Mi-mediated resistance dramatically reduced nematode reproduction on tomato. In the presence of nematodes, plants that carried …

Go to article

Instructions For Authors, Discovery Editors Jan 2007

Instructions For Authors, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Go to article

The Unsettling Landscape: Landscape And Anxiety In The Garden Of The House Of Octavius Quartio, Sarah Brutesco Jan 2007

The Unsettling Landscape: Landscape And Anxiety In The Garden Of The House Of Octavius Quartio, Sarah Brutesco

Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal

Ancient Roman houses (domus) were both public and private spaces and were used by the homeowner (dominus) to send messages of power to his guests and family members. Scholarly analysis of the rhetorical power of the architecture and decoration of the domus has largely overlooked the role of the garden within this context. It is generally assumed that the purpose of the garden was to provide a calm green space in the center of an urban home. The purpose of this paper is to challenge this overly simplistic reading of Roman gardens and to explore how the dominus might have …

Go to article

Contents, Discovery Editors Jan 2007

Contents, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Letter From The Dean, Gregory J. Weidemann Jan 2007

Letter From The Dean, Gregory J. Weidemann

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Controlling Listeria Monocytogenes On Ready-To-Eat Poultry Products Using Carboxymethylcellulose Film Coatings Containing Green Tea Extract (Gte) Combined With Nisin And Malic Acid, Brittany Adams, N. Hettiarachchy, M. G. Johnson Jan 2007

Controlling Listeria Monocytogenes On Ready-To-Eat Poultry Products Using Carboxymethylcellulose Film Coatings Containing Green Tea Extract (Gte) Combined With Nisin And Malic Acid, Brittany Adams, N. Hettiarachchy, M. G. Johnson

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

The ability to control Listeria monocytogenes on ready-to-eat poultry products using carboxymethyl-cellulose film coatings containing green tea extract (GTE), malic acid (M), nisin (N), and their combinations was evaluated. The antimicrobials (GTE: 1.0%, nisin: 10,000 IU/g, malic acid: 1.0%) were incorporated alone or in combination into a carboxymethyl cellulose film coating. Pre-inoculated, fully cooked chicken pieces (~1g, 1cm x 1cm x 1cm) were coated with the film solution. The coated chicken pieces were stored at 4°C and the inhibitory activity against Listeria monocytogenes was evaluated at 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. The highest inhibitory activity was found in …

Go to article

Design Of A Bioreactor To Study The Role Of Red Blood Cells In The Transport Of Nitric Oxide In The Microcirculation, Nupura Bhise, Mahendra Kavdia Jan 2007

Design Of A Bioreactor To Study The Role Of Red Blood Cells In The Transport Of Nitric Oxide In The Microcirculation, Nupura Bhise, Mahendra Kavdia

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in physiological functions like vasodilation, neurotransmission, and inhibition of platelet aggregation. The endothelium-derived NO diffuses into the vascular lumen where it interacts with flowing blood as well as the smooth muscles where it modulates vascular tone. However, uncertainty exists on how NO escapes the rapid scavenging by hemoglobin (Hb) and reaches smooth muscles. Several proposed hypotheses include 1) a reduced reaction rate of NO with Hb contained inside red blood cells (RBCs) and 2) NO preservation in the bound form of s-nitrosohemoglobin or nitrite. The mechanism and magnitude of reduction of NO reaction …

Go to article

Evaluation Of Three Tractor-Guidance Methods For Parallel Swathing At Two Field Speeds, Garris Hudson, Robby Shofner, George Wardlow, Donald Johnson Jan 2007

Evaluation Of Three Tractor-Guidance Methods For Parallel Swathing At Two Field Speeds, Garris Hudson, Robby Shofner, George Wardlow, Donald Johnson

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

This study compared the accuracy (mean error and rms error) and precision (standard deviation of error) of three tractor-guidance methods (foam-marker, light-bar, and assisted-steering systems) at two field speeds (5.6 – and 11.5 km/h) for parallel swathing operations. Eighty-four replications of each combination of guidance method and field speed were conducted between 15 October and 22 December 2006 (504 total field passes). The foam-marker system was found to be significantly less accurate [larger mean error (p < .0001) and had a larger rms error (p < .0001)] than either the light-bar or the assisted-steering system. There was no significant difference in mean error (p = .6718) or rms error (p = .8841) by field speed. There was a significant interaction between guidance method and field speed for both mean error (p = .0009) and rms error (p = .003). Mean and rms errors for the foam-marker and the assisted-steering systems increased at higher field speed, while the mean and rms errors for the light-bar system decreased at higher speed. The assisted-steering system had a significantly lower (p = .0164) standard deviation of error (higher precision) than the foam-marker or the light-bar systems. There was no significant difference in the standard deviation of error by field speed (p = .6258) or by the interaction of guidance method and field speed (p = .2748).

Go to article

Mycorrhizal Infection Rates In Roundupready® Row Crops In Response To Glyphosate And Phosphorus Applications, Aaron L. Daigh, Mary C. Savin, Larry C. Purcell Jan 2007

Mycorrhizal Infection Rates In Roundupready® Row Crops In Response To Glyphosate And Phosphorus Applications, Aaron L. Daigh, Mary C. Savin, Larry C. Purcell

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Currently, the majority of soybean, corn, and cotton crops grown in the U.S. is RoundupReady® (RR) varieties. RR crops are resistant to the active ingredient, glyphosate [N-phosphonomethylglycine], in the herbicide Roundup®. RR crops have been genetically modified by the addition of an enzyme found in Agrobacterium sp. strain CP4 EPSPS that produces an essential protein, involved with aromatic amino-acid production, that is resistant to glyphosate. Glyphosate translocates via phloem from plant leaf tissues to other areas including the root system, and is thus able to affect the rhizosphere microbial community, including mycorrhizae, which are not resistant to glyphosate. A greenhouse …

Go to article

Comparison Of Instrumental Methods For Measuring Seed Hardness Of Food-Grade Soybean, Mioko Tamura, Bo Zhang, Joyce Berger-Doyle, Pengyin Chen Jan 2007

Comparison Of Instrumental Methods For Measuring Seed Hardness Of Food-Grade Soybean, Mioko Tamura, Bo Zhang, Joyce Berger-Doyle, Pengyin Chen

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Seed hardness is an important factor in determining soybean suitability for natto production. There is no established methodology for testing seed texture of soybeans. The objective of this study was to develop an efficient method by examining different instruments and seed parameters that could be potentially used for testing soybean seed hardness. Five food-grade soybean genotypes with different seed sizes were used to determine seed hardness and water-absorption capacity. Water absorption capacity was expressed by swell ratios for seed weight, seed dimension, and volume of water changes before and after soaking. Seed hardness test was conducted by a one-bite method …

Go to article

Discovery: The Student Journal Of Dale Bumpers College Of Agricultural, Food And Life Sciences - Volume 8 2007, Several Authors Jan 2007

Discovery: The Student Journal Of Dale Bumpers College Of Agricultural, Food And Life Sciences - Volume 8 2007, Several Authors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Habitat Factors Affecting Trap Success Of Swamp Rabbits In Southeastern Arkansas During A Flooding Event, Blair Smyth, Karen B. Vale, Robert E. Kissell Jr. Jan 2007

Habitat Factors Affecting Trap Success Of Swamp Rabbits In Southeastern Arkansas During A Flooding Event, Blair Smyth, Karen B. Vale, Robert E. Kissell Jr.

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Swamp rabbits (Sylvilagus aquaticus) are found in bottomland hardwood ecosystems that have canopy gaps dispersed throughout. During annual flooding of these ecosystems, swamp rabbits often are displaced to adjacent uplands or higher ground within the bottomlands. Trapping of swamp rabbits is reported to be best during times of flooding. We examined habitat characteristics at trap sites to identify the best suits of habitat characters to target when trapping for swamp rabbits during flooding conditions. We conducted trapping for swamp rabbits during a flooding event from 2 January 2007 to 3 February 2007. A total of 511 trap nights yielded 16 …

Go to article

Distribution Of The Queen Snake (Regina Septemvittata) In Arkansas, Johnathan W. Stanley, Stanley E. Trauth Jan 2007

Distribution Of The Queen Snake (Regina Septemvittata) In Arkansas, Johnathan W. Stanley, Stanley E. Trauth

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

We documented the distribution of the queen snake, Regina septemvittata, in northern Arkansas during the 2005 and 2006 activity seasons. Arkansas currently contains the only known disjunct population of this species west of the Mississippi River. Field work was conducted throughout the Boston Mountains of the Ozark Plateau to verify the presence of queen snakes from historic localities as well as to identify new localities containing these snakes. Seventeen individuals were found in the Mulberry River of Franklin and Johnson counties and the Illinois Bayou watershed of Pope County. Of these 17 snakes, 5 were kept as voucher specimens in …

Go to article

Additional Geographic Records For The Goldstripe Darter, Etheostoma Parvipinne (Perciformes: Percidae), From Arkansas, Chris T. Mcallister, Henry W. Robison, C. Renn Tumlison Jan 2007

Additional Geographic Records For The Goldstripe Darter, Etheostoma Parvipinne (Perciformes: Percidae), From Arkansas, Chris T. Mcallister, Henry W. Robison, C. Renn Tumlison

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Non-Invasive Technique For Assessing The Population Parameters Of Metacercariae Of Clinostomum Marginatum In Smallmouth Bass (Micropterus Dolomieu), James J. Daly Sr., Randal J. Keller, Bruce Deyoung Jan 2007

Non-Invasive Technique For Assessing The Population Parameters Of Metacercariae Of Clinostomum Marginatum In Smallmouth Bass (Micropterus Dolomieu), James J. Daly Sr., Randal J. Keller, Bruce Deyoung

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Clinostomllm marginatum is a trematode that uses a fish as its final intennediate host. The wonns in the fish are in metacercarial cysts and are known as yellow grub. Yellow grubs give the fish's flesh a wonny, unappetizing appearance and are a problem for commercial fish fanners in that heavily infected fish are not suitable for marketing. The parasite is common in smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) living in upland streams of Arkansas where the bass may serve as a wild reservoir for contamination of commercial fish ponds. Because smallmouth bass are a prized game fish, it would be desirable to …

Go to article

Effects Of Light Regime And Season Of Clipping On The Growthof Cherrybark Oak, White Oak, Persimmon, And Sweetgum Sprouts, Robert L. Ficklin, Michael G. Shelton Jan 2007

Effects Of Light Regime And Season Of Clipping On The Growthof Cherrybark Oak, White Oak, Persimmon, And Sweetgum Sprouts, Robert L. Ficklin, Michael G. Shelton

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

A mixture of cherrybark oak (Quercus pagoda Raf.), white oak (Q. alba L.), persimmon (Diospyros virginiana L.), and sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua L.) seedlings was grown in shadehouses to simulate light conditions beneath a canopy. After the first growing season, two release treatments were implemented (released and not released), and treatments were conducted during two seasons (winter and spring). All seedlings were clipped at 2.5 em from the groundline in height when treatments were imposed. Survival of persimmon and sweetgum was 100% following clipping. There appeared to be a weak seasonal effect on oak survival, especially for white oak; survival was …

Go to article

Planting Techniques For Establishing Loblolly Pine Seedlings On Two Subsoiled Sites In Arkansas, Jamie L. Schuler Jan 2007

Planting Techniques For Establishing Loblolly Pine Seedlings On Two Subsoiled Sites In Arkansas, Jamie L. Schuler

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The presence of soil compaction and root-restricting layers (e.g., plow pans) resulting from long-term agricultural practices often poses difficulties when converting these sites into loblolly pine plantations. Subsoiling is usually prescribed to alleviate any problems with soil strength. Subsoiling also creates soil conditions that may aid or hinder planting seedlings. The interaction of planting location. either in the furrow or the adjacent 0.3. 0.9 or 1.5 ft, and planting depth on 2 marginal crop lands was assessed in this study. Planting seedlings in the furrow and deep planting (to the terminal bud) resulted in better growth and increased survival after …

Go to article

Next Last