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1995

University of Arkansas, Fayetteville

Articles 1 - 17 of 17

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Arkansas Rice Research Studies 1994, B. R. Wells Jul 1995

Arkansas Rice Research Studies 1994, B. R. Wells

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

The research reports in this publication represent one year of results; therefore, these results should not be used as a basis for longterm recommendations. Several research reports in this publication dealing with soil fertility also appear in Arkansas Soil Fertility Studies 1994, Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series 443. This duplication is the result of the overlap in research coverage between the two series and our effort to inform Arkansas rice producers of all the research being conducted with funds from the rice check-off.

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Conceptual Basis For An Index Of Forest Integrity For Upland Coastal Plain Ecosystems, Nicholas R. Brown, Brian Roy Lockhart, Philip A. Tappe, Lynne C. Thompson, Robert C. Weih Jr., Richard A. Williams Jan 1995

Conceptual Basis For An Index Of Forest Integrity For Upland Coastal Plain Ecosystems, Nicholas R. Brown, Brian Roy Lockhart, Philip A. Tappe, Lynne C. Thompson, Robert C. Weih Jr., Richard A. Williams

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Following the recent trend to manage natural resources for "sustainability," ecologists, resource managers and policymakers are beginning to think of the management of forest ecosystems in terms of "ecosystem health" or "ecosystem integrity." Biologists are increasingly recognizing that use of chemical assays in assessing the condition of an ecosystem has limited value, and that biological factors, e.g., species diversity and composition, can be useful characters in the analysis of "biotic integrity." An index of biotic integrity (IBI) has been developed for riverine ecosystems in the Midwest U.S., using fish species diversity, indicator population analysis, trophic structure assessment, and physiological abnormalities …

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Additions To The List Of Schizocosa (Family Lycosidae) For Arkansas, Risa Parker, Peggy Rae Dorris Jan 1995

Additions To The List Of Schizocosa (Family Lycosidae) For Arkansas, Risa Parker, Peggy Rae Dorris

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Schizocosa rovneri and Schizocosa stridulans, collected by the pitfall trap method in Drew and Ashley Counties, are reported as new species for the Arkansas state list. Palp variation and legmorphology are the main distinguishing characteristics between these species. Two previously defined species of Schizocosa are also discussed for clarification

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Effect Of Thidiazuron And Benzylaminopurine On In Vitro Shoot Proliferation Of Carnation (Dianthus Caryophyllus L.), Mohanjeet S. Brar, Jameel M. Al-Khayri, Gerald L. Klingaman Jan 1995

Effect Of Thidiazuron And Benzylaminopurine On In Vitro Shoot Proliferation Of Carnation (Dianthus Caryophyllus L.), Mohanjeet S. Brar, Jameel M. Al-Khayri, Gerald L. Klingaman

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Carnations (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) are among the most widely used cut flowers in the world. Tissue culture techniques offer an efficient method for the micropropagation of carnations. This study was conducted to test the effect of thidiazuron (TDZ) and benzylaminopurine (BAP), artificial cytokinins, on shoot multiplication of two carnation cultivars, Barlo II Nora and Raggio di Sole. Isolated axillary buds were cultured on Gamborg's (B-5) basal medium supplemented with 30 g/L sucrose and 8 g/L agar. The cultures were maintained at a 10-h photoperiod (40 (mu-Em2s-1) and 23°C±2C°. Number of multiple shoots produced was dependent upon the genotype and was …

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Prediction Of Leaf Area In Individual Leaves Of Cherrybark Oak Seedlings (Quercus Pagoda Raf.), Yanfei Guo, Brian Lockhart, John Hodges Jan 1995

Prediction Of Leaf Area In Individual Leaves Of Cherrybark Oak Seedlings (Quercus Pagoda Raf.), Yanfei Guo, Brian Lockhart, John Hodges

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The prediction of leaf area for cherrybark oak (Quercus pagoda Raf.) seedlings is important for studying the physiology of the species. Linear and polynomial models involving leaf length, width, fresh weight, dry weight, and internodal length were tested independently and collectively to predict leaf area. Twenty-nine cherrybark oak seedlings were grown in a greenhouse for one growing season and a total of 468 leaves were collected. Leaf area was polynomially related with leaf length or width, but linearly related with the cross product of length and width. Average leaf area for flush 3 was significantly greater than those of other …

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Cavity Protection Techniques For Red-Cockaded Woodpeckers, Warren G. Montague Jan 1995

Cavity Protection Techniques For Red-Cockaded Woodpeckers, Warren G. Montague

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Population growth of red-cockaded woodpeckers (Picoides borealis) is often limited by the availability of suitable cavities. Structural damage to natural and artificial cavities intended for use by P. borealis is common. Roost and nest cavities of P. borealis often become occupied by other cavity-dependent species. Techniques for preventing damage to artificial cavities and for deterring southern flying squirrel (Glaucomys volans) use of otherwise serviceable cavities are described. Such cavity protection techniques may be necessary to prevent extirpation of small, isolated populations of P. borealis.

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Vertebrate Fauna Of Abandoned Mines At Gold Mine Springs, Independence County, Arkansas, Chris T. Mcallister, Stanley E. Trauth, Linda D. Gage Jan 1995

Vertebrate Fauna Of Abandoned Mines At Gold Mine Springs, Independence County, Arkansas, Chris T. Mcallister, Stanley E. Trauth, Linda D. Gage

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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5'-Nucleotidase And Thrombin-Like Activities Of Selected Crotalid Venoms, Ali M.S. Shams, Dewey H. Sifford, Bob D. Johnson Jan 1995

5'-Nucleotidase And Thrombin-Like Activities Of Selected Crotalid Venoms, Ali M.S. Shams, Dewey H. Sifford, Bob D. Johnson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Thrombin-like activities were not observed inCrotalus basiliscus, C. molossus and C. scutulatus scutulatus crude venoms. 5'-Nucleotidase specific activities of 0.863, 0.273 and 5.520 units/mg of crude venom protein were observed inC. basiliscus, C. molossus and C. s. scutulatus venoms, respectively. Concanavalin ASepharose 4 B (Con A)affinitychromatography yielded two fractions from each of the crude venoms. Ineach instance, both fractions exhibited 5'-nucleotidase activities and the Con A-binding proteins had higher activities than the Con A-nonbinding proteins. 5'-Nucleotidase activities inthe DEAESephadex A-50 chromatographic fractions were localized in the first elution fraction and the last fraction(s) to elute. EDTAhad no effect on the …

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Callus Induction And Plant Regeneration Of Commercial Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Cultivars, Jameel M. Al-Khayri, Edwin J. Anderson Jan 1995

Callus Induction And Plant Regeneration Of Commercial Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Cultivars, Jameel M. Al-Khayri, Edwin J. Anderson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Manipulation of agronomic traits at the cellular and molecular levels offers an efficient approach to enhance conventional breeding efforts for rice improvement. Plant regeneration protocols, required for biotechnological applications, have not yet been developed for a number of important rice cultivars. This study was conducted to establish a system for plant regeneration of elite rice cultivars adapted to the southern U.S.A. Callus was induced from dehusked grains of cultivars Alan, Katy, and LaGrue, on MS media containing 0.5, 2, and 4 mg L-1 2,4-D, with 0.5 mg L-1 kinetin or without kinetin. Plant regeneration was accomplished by transferring the callus …

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Spiders (Arthropoda: Aranea) From Deciduous Forest Litter Of The Ouachita Highlands, Peggy Rae Dorris, Henry W. Robison, Chris Carlton Jan 1995

Spiders (Arthropoda: Aranea) From Deciduous Forest Litter Of The Ouachita Highlands, Peggy Rae Dorris, Henry W. Robison, Chris Carlton

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

One hundred two litter samples were collected from oak/hickory and maple/beech forests in the Ouachita Highlands of western Arkansas July 1991-June 1992. Berlese residues of these collections produced 17 families, 51 genera, and 56 species of spiders, and included 19 species previously unreported for the state of Arkansas.

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Influence Of Pine Silvicultural Systems On Spider Population Diversity In Drew County, Arkansas, Holly Hill, Peggy Rae Dorris, Lynne C. Thompson Jan 1995

Influence Of Pine Silvicultural Systems On Spider Population Diversity In Drew County, Arkansas, Holly Hill, Peggy Rae Dorris, Lynne C. Thompson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Spiders were collected by pit-trapping in southeastern Arkansas in 1984. Collection areas included two pine silvicultural treatments, clear-cutting and selection cutting; and control stands, where no cutting occurred. Spider populations decreased with increased disturbance.

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Vertebrate Prey Of Selected Arkansas Snakes, Stanley E. Trauth, Chris T. Mcallister Jan 1995

Vertebrate Prey Of Selected Arkansas Snakes, Stanley E. Trauth, Chris T. Mcallister

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Egg Mass Characteristics Of Terrestrial Morphs Of The Mole Salamander, Ambystoma Talpoideum (Caudata:Ambystomatidae), From Northeastern Arkansas And Clutch Comparisons With Other Ambystoma Species, Stanley E. Trauth, Robert L. Cox Jr., J. D. Wilhide, Hilary J. Worley Jan 1995

Egg Mass Characteristics Of Terrestrial Morphs Of The Mole Salamander, Ambystoma Talpoideum (Caudata:Ambystomatidae), From Northeastern Arkansas And Clutch Comparisons With Other Ambystoma Species, Stanley E. Trauth, Robert L. Cox Jr., J. D. Wilhide, Hilary J. Worley

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Timber Felling Time, Costs, And Productivity In Arkansas, Richard A. Kluender, D. Lortz, W. Mccoy, B. Stokes, J. Klepac Jan 1995

Timber Felling Time, Costs, And Productivity In Arkansas, Richard A. Kluender, D. Lortz, W. Mccoy, B. Stokes, J. Klepac

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Sixteen stands were harvested by either clearcut, shelterwood, group selection, or single-tree selection methods. Harvest productivity was evaluated in four consecutive years (1991 through 1994). Three of the stands had uneven-aged structure, the other 13 were typical, mature, even-aged stands. Harvest intensity (proportion of basal area removed) ranged from 0.27 to 1.00. Logging contractors used one to three sawyers with production chain saws to fell trees on all 16 tracts. There was no statistical difference in production rate between sawyers on the same stand. Harvested sites were similar in slope, average diameter at breast height (DBH) and pre-harvest number of …

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Recent Establishment Of The Asian Tiger Mosquito (Aedes Albopictus) In Independence County, Arkansas, David H. Jamieson, Larry A. Olson Jan 1995

Recent Establishment Of The Asian Tiger Mosquito (Aedes Albopictus) In Independence County, Arkansas, David H. Jamieson, Larry A. Olson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Three adult Aedes albopictus were collected on 10 August 1993 within the city limits of Batesville, Arkansas. This is the firs tknown report of this species from Independence County. Subsequent investigation revealed the presence of at least three well established populations in the county, two of which were monitored on a monthly basis from Aprilto September of 1994. Peak A. albopictus numbers were recorded in July and August when the population levels were sufficient to make this mosquito a significant pest in Batesville. Our observations suggest that the Asian tiger mosquito will likely colonize other similar communities in Arkansas.

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Dytiscidae (Coleoptera) Of Jackson County, Arkansas, Anthony Holt, George L. Harp Jan 1995

Dytiscidae (Coleoptera) Of Jackson County, Arkansas, Anthony Holt, George L. Harp

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Dytiscid beetles were surveyed to establish a baseline list for this county, which lies primarily in the Mississippi Alluvial Plain. This list was then compared with that for an Ozark county, which had been surveyed in a previous study. Eighteen sites were surveyed by Turtox Indestructible ™ dip net and funnel traps. Museum holdings and literature records were also searched. Twenty-one taxa were collected, with temporary ponds and oxbow/cypress swamps supporting the greatest diversity. These are the least disturbed sites in Jackson County. Most species collected are generally widely distributed and prefer either shaded ponds/pools with some leaf litter, or …

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Checklist And Distribution Of Arkansas Pteridophytes, James H. Peck, W. Carl Taylor Jan 1995

Checklist And Distribution Of Arkansas Pteridophytes, James H. Peck, W. Carl Taylor

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Over the past 14 years, an effort was made to summarize and improve our knowledge of the Arkansas pteridophyte flora beyond that developed by Taylor and Demaree (1979). They presented a flora of 68 species plus 2 varieties plus 4 hybrids, for a total of 74 taxa vouchered with 1335 county-level occurrence records. Changes in accepted nomenclature, field work, and herbaria searches have added as new to the flora 10 species plus 1 variety plus 7 hybrids, supported with 74 county-level occurrence records. Another 815 county-level occurrence records were added to the known flora. The Arkansas pteridophyte flora now consists …

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