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1989

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Hydrocortisone Acetate-Injected Piglets Have A Larger Pancreas And Greater Mucosal Weight And Lactase, Maltase, And Sucrose Activities In The Duodenum (1989), K K. Kreikemeier, D L. Harmon, Jim L. Nelssen Jan 1989

Hydrocortisone Acetate-Injected Piglets Have A Larger Pancreas And Greater Mucosal Weight And Lactase, Maltase, And Sucrose Activities In The Duodenum (1989), K K. Kreikemeier, D L. Harmon, Jim L. Nelssen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One litter of 12 piglets was used in a completely random design to evaluate the effects of hydrocortisone acetate injections on organ weight and carbohydrase activities. Dams' milk was the only food source available to the piglets. When they were 7 d old, six pigs were injected with hydrocortisone acetate (50 mg/kg BW; 50 mg/ml) and six others were injected with an equal volume of saline (1 ml/kg BW). When the pigs were 14 d old, tissues were collected, weighed, and analyzed for carbohydrase activities. Hydrocortisone acetate injection had no effect on pig daily gain (d 7 to 14), liver …

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The Reaction Of Slaughter Hog Cash And Futures Prices To Usda Hogs And Pigs Reports (1989), Ted C. Schroeder, J R. Mintert, John M. Blair Jan 1989

The Reaction Of Slaughter Hog Cash And Futures Prices To Usda Hogs And Pigs Reports (1989), Ted C. Schroeder, J R. Mintert, John M. Blair

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

This study examined the reaction of slaughter hog cash and futures prices to USDA Hogs and Pigs reports. Over the 1972-87 period, the nearby live hog futures price had $1/cwt or larger absolute price changes on 48% of the trading days immediately after the Hogs and Pigs report release compared to 6% of the days of the release, suggesting that the reports arc providing important new information to the market. Average price moves in cash and futures markets following the report releases were positive, suggesting that price usually increased the day after the reports. Over the 1972-87 period, the cash …

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The Effect Of Dietary Energy Density And Porcine Somatotropin On Apparent Digestibility And Retention Of Nutrients In Finishing Swine (1989), G R. Stoner, B R. Schricker, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Robert H. Hines Jan 1989

The Effect Of Dietary Energy Density And Porcine Somatotropin On Apparent Digestibility And Retention Of Nutrients In Finishing Swine (1989), G R. Stoner, B R. Schricker, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Sixteen barrows were used in a metabolism study (avg wt of 101.2 lb) to evaluate the effect of dietary energy density and porcine somatotropin (pST) on apparent digestibility and retention of nutrients in finishing pigs. This study was designed as a split-plot with 4 mg pST/d or placebo injection as whole plot treatments and four dietary energy densities (1.37, 1.48, 1.60, and 1.71 Meal ME/lb) and period as the subplot treatments. Increasing dietary energy density increased apparent digestibility of dry matter, gross energy, and nitrogen, but had no effect on nitrogen retention. Porcine somatotropin administration had no effect on apparent …

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Relationships Between Ovulation Rate And Litter Size For Flushed And Nonflushed Gilts (1989), M T. Rhodes, Duane L. Davis, Jeffrey S. Stevenson Jan 1989

Relationships Between Ovulation Rate And Litter Size For Flushed And Nonflushed Gilts (1989), M T. Rhodes, Duane L. Davis, Jeffrey S. Stevenson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We examined the effects of flushing (3.4 lb additional ground milo for approximately 2 wk before insemination) and pubertal status (inseminated at puberty or postpuberty) on ovulation rate and litter traits in gilts. Hushing resulted in 1.1 more eggs released at ovulation and 1.3 more pigs/litter. The response in litter size occurred primarily among gilts inseminated at their pubertal estrus. Neither flushing nor pubertal status affected prenatal survival. Data for 58 gilts were used to evaluate the relationship between ovulation rate and litter size. Litter size increased linearly with increased ovulation rate to a maximum of 13 pigs when 19 …

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Porcine Somatotropin And Dietary Lysine Influence Bone Mineralization And Mechanical Properties In Finishing Swine (1989), B R. Schricker, Robert D. Goodband, Robert H. Hines, Jim L. Nelssen, Donald H. Kropf, Joe D. Hancock Jan 1989

Porcine Somatotropin And Dietary Lysine Influence Bone Mineralization And Mechanical Properties In Finishing Swine (1989), B R. Schricker, Robert D. Goodband, Robert H. Hines, Jim L. Nelssen, Donald H. Kropf, Joe D. Hancock

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The femur, a rib, and third phalanx of the second digit from the front foot were collected from 108 barrows (initial wt = 125 lb) and analyzed to determine the effects of porcine somatotropin (pST) and dietary lysine on bone mineralization and mechanical properties. In Exp. 1, pigs were injected daily with 4 mg pST and fed diets containing .6, .8, 1.0, 1.2, or 1.4% lysine; 1.0% Ca; and .8% P. Control pigs (placebo injection) received the .6% lysine diet. Bone wall thickness (BWT) of the femur increased but ash content decreased as dietary lysine level increased. Stress values and …

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Will Porcine Somatotropin (Pst) Lower Pork Quality? (1989), Melvin C. Hunt, Patter G. Whipple-Van, R D. Klemm, B R. Schricker, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert H. Hines, Donald H. Kropf Jan 1989

Will Porcine Somatotropin (Pst) Lower Pork Quality? (1989), Melvin C. Hunt, Patter G. Whipple-Van, R D. Klemm, B R. Schricker, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert H. Hines, Donald H. Kropf

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The types and diameters of muscle fibers from 30 barrows that had received daily injections of porcine somatotropin (pST) or a placebo and were fed dietary lysine at .6, .8, 1.0 or 1.2% were determined. Fiber data indicated that pST slightly increases the anaerobic metabolic potential of longissimus muscle. The higher levels of lysine caused enlargement of muscle cells. Earlier research has shown that this type of muscle biochemistry contributes to development of PSE muscle. Thus, use of pST in certain strains of pigs may lead to reductions in muscle quality.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 16, 1989

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The Effects Of Excess Dietary Lysine Additions On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finishing Pigs (1989), G R. Stoner, Robert D. Goodband, Robert H. Hines, Jim L. Nelssen, Donald H. Kropf Jan 1989

The Effects Of Excess Dietary Lysine Additions On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finishing Pigs (1989), G R. Stoner, Robert D. Goodband, Robert H. Hines, Jim L. Nelssen, Donald H. Kropf

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Seventy-five barrows (initial wt 136 lb) were utilized to evaluate the effects of dietary lysine levels ranging from .6 to 1.4% on growth performance and carcass characteristics. Pigs were fed a pelleted corn-sesame meal diet containing .6% lysine (17.7% crude protein) or diets containing .8, 1.0, 1.2, or 1.4% lysine provided by L-Iysine HCl. All other amino acids, vitamins, and minerals were calculated to be at least double the pig's requirement (NRC, 1988), to ensure that no nutrient other than lysine would limit performance. When the pen mean weight reached approximately 235 lb, six pigs per treatment were slaughtered, and …

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Nutritional Considerations For Improved Lean Value (1989), Jim L. Nelssen Jan 1989

Nutritional Considerations For Improved Lean Value (1989), Jim L. Nelssen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The swine industry is in a transitional period as it gears up to produce the lean meat required by the consumer. In fact, pork processors arc increasing the production of lean products (boneless loins, 95% fat-free hams) because consumers are willing to pay premiums for low-fat products. New methods of measuring the amount of lean pork (fat-a-meter, etc.) are being developed rapidly, in order to allow the packer to offer price differentials for lean compared to fat pigs. Pork producers, in my opinion, will adjust production systems to meet consumer demands for lean pork when monetary differentials are offered by …

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Evaluation Of Oral Escherichia Coli Bacterin And Water Medication On Performance Of Weaned Pigs (1989), D A. Schoneweis, R I. Nicholson, G E. Fitzner, Robert H. Hines Jan 1989

Evaluation Of Oral Escherichia Coli Bacterin And Water Medication On Performance Of Weaned Pigs (1989), D A. Schoneweis, R I. Nicholson, G E. Fitzner, Robert H. Hines

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Odd-numbered pigs in new-born litters were vaccinated on d 1 with an oral Escherichia coli bacterin and their performance after weaning was compared with that of nonvaccinated littermates (even numbered pigs). In addition, each group of pigs was allotted to four water medication treatments that were administered from d 2 to d 6 after weaning. No significant interaction between vaccine and water treatment was observed. Vaccinated and non-vaccinated pigs performed similarly throughout the trial for the traits of ADG, ADFI, and F/G, indicating no beneficial effect from vaccination. Water medication after weaning did not affect performance or incidence of scours …

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Effects Of A Flavoring Agent On Finishing Swine Performance (1989), M E. Johnston, G R. Stoner, Jim L. Nelssen Jan 1989

Effects Of A Flavoring Agent On Finishing Swine Performance (1989), M E. Johnston, G R. Stoner, Jim L. Nelssen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A finishing study was conducted to evaluate the effect of a commercially available flavoring agent on finishing pig performance. One hundred ninety-two finishing pigs were used in the study. Half the pigs received the finishing diet with added flavor, whereas the other half received the same diet without flavor. There were no differences in average daily gain (ADG) between pigs fed either the flavored or non-flavored feed. However, the pigs receiving flavored feed had significantly higher average daily feed intake for the entire trial. Feed efficiency was better for pigs fed the non-flavored diet than for those fed the flavored …

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Effects Of Daily Porcine Somatotropin Administration On The Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finishing Swine (1989), G E. Fitzner, David A. Nichols, B R. Schricker, D E. Darden, T L. Weeden, Robert D. Goodband, Robert H. Hines, Jim L. Nelssen, Donald H. Kropf Jan 1989

Effects Of Daily Porcine Somatotropin Administration On The Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finishing Swine (1989), G E. Fitzner, David A. Nichols, B R. Schricker, D E. Darden, T L. Weeden, Robert D. Goodband, Robert H. Hines, Jim L. Nelssen, Donald H. Kropf

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred forty-four pigs (72 barrows and 72 gilts) were utilized in six treatments with six pens each to evaluate four levels of daily porcine somatotropin (pST) injections (0, 1, 3, or 5 mg/d) in combination with diets containing 13 or 16% crude protein (CP). One randomly selected pig from each pen was slaughtered when it reached a weight between 230 and 240 lb. Daily feed intake (ADFI), tenth rib backfat, and estimated percentage of lean pork were reduced in pigs fed the 13% CP diet and injected with 3 mg/d pST compared to pigs fed the same diet and …

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Effect Of Soybean Processing On Starter Pig Performance And Nutrient Digestibility (1989), D F. Li, R C. Thaler, Jim L. Nelssen, Keith C. Behnke Jan 1989

Effect Of Soybean Processing On Starter Pig Performance And Nutrient Digestibility (1989), D F. Li, R C. Thaler, Jim L. Nelssen, Keith C. Behnke

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred sixty-eight pigs were used to evaluate the effect of soybean processing on starter pig performance and nutrient digestibility. Soybean products tested were commercial soybean meal, full-fat roasted soybeans from either a Roast-A-Tron or Rickles Roaster, extruded soybeans, and steam-flaked soybeans. Pigs fed soybeans from the Rickles Roaster had lower average daily gain, average daily feed intake, and feed efficiency than pigs fed the other soybean products. Rickles soybeans had lower apparent digestibility of nitrogen, dry matter, total fat, and long chain fatty acids than the other treatments. Pigs fed steam-flaked soybeans had the second lowest growth rate. These …

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Polled Hereford And Simmental Milk Production, R.R. Schalles, S. Kimbrough, K.O. Zoellner, D.D. Simms Jan 1989

Polled Hereford And Simmental Milk Production, R.R. Schalles, S. Kimbrough, K.O. Zoellner, D.D. Simms

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The weigh-suckle-weigh method was used to measure milk consumption by 265 calves from 159 Polled Hereford and Simmental cows over 3 years. Calves nursing Polled Hereford cows consumed an average of 11.2 lbs of milk per day, with a peak of 15lbs at 50 days post"¢ calving. calves nursing Simmental cows consumed an average of 16.8 lbs of milk per day, with a peak of 20 lbs at 58 days after calving. All increase of 1lb in daily milk consumption produced approximately 20 lbs increase in weaning weight.

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Influence Of Milk Levels Of Beef Cows On Returns: A Simulation Approach, R.R. Schalles, K.O. Zoellner, L.S. Clarke Jan 1989

Influence Of Milk Levels Of Beef Cows On Returns: A Simulation Approach, R.R. Schalles, K.O. Zoellner, L.S. Clarke

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Results of four simulated production systems indicated that high levels of milk produced calves that were heavier at weaning, primarily because of an increase in body fat. High levels of milk production, however, were a disadvantage when calves went directly to the feedlot. With slow-growing calves, the fat either had to be depleted postweaning, or the calves had to be slaughtered at less-than-desirable weights in order to maintain desirable carcass fat. High milk intake is more tolerable for calves with fast growth rates, whereas low milk intake is a an economic necessity for calves with slow growth rates. The moderate …

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Splay-Foot In Cattle, R.R. Schalles, R.W. Markham, H.W. Leipold, M.F. Spire Jan 1989

Splay-Foot In Cattle, R.R. Schalles, R.W. Markham, H.W. Leipold, M.F. Spire

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Angular limb deformity, observed in several breeds of cattle, results in a knock-kneed and splay-footed condition in the front legs. This study shows that angular limb deformity is a congenital structural defect, inherited as a simple, autosomal, recessive trait.

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Influence Of Limited-Creep Feeding On Pre- And Postweaning Performance Of Spring-Born Calves, C.E. Binns, F.K. Brazle, Gerry L. Kuhl, D.D. Simms, K.O. Zoellner, L.R. Corah Jan 1989

Influence Of Limited-Creep Feeding On Pre- And Postweaning Performance Of Spring-Born Calves, C.E. Binns, F.K. Brazle, Gerry L. Kuhl, D.D. Simms, K.O. Zoellner, L.R. Corah

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Limit-feeding a high protein creep (36% CP) and a high energy creep (16% CP) was compared with no supplementation in a 61-day preweaning trial. Salt was used to limit daily creep intake to 1.5 to 2.0 lb per head. Calves given the limited energy and protein creep feeds outgained (P<.01) the unsupplemented calves by 0.2 lb and 0.3 lb, respectively. Conversion of creep feed consumed to extra gain was 6.7 and 5.3 for the energy and protein creep-fed calves, respectively (salt included). Trucking shrink of the noncreep-fed calves on the day of weaning and shipping was 4.9 lb and 7.0 lb less (P<.05) than that of the energy and protein creep-fed calves, respectively. Postweaning daily gains of the energy creep-fed calves was higher than those of both the protein creep-fed calves (P=.09) and the noncreep-fed calves (P<.01) by 0.3 lb and 0.5 lb, respectively. The energy creep-fed calves consumed more (P<.05) daily dry matter than the protein creep-fed and unsupplemented calves. Little difference was observed in postweaning feed conversion among creep treatments.

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Visual Body Condition Score Of Cows, C.K. Clarke, R.R. Schalles Jan 1989

Visual Body Condition Score Of Cows, C.K. Clarke, R.R. Schalles

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Condition scores are often used to describe the "fleshiness" of cows. These scores range from 1 (extremely emaciated) to 9 (extremely fat).

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Evaluation Of Wheat Middlings As A Supplement For Cattle Consuming Winter Range Forage, G.D. Sunvold, R.C. Cochran, E.S. Vanzant, S.D. Brandyberry, R.B. Hightshoe, T. Delcurto Jan 1989

Evaluation Of Wheat Middlings As A Supplement For Cattle Consuming Winter Range Forage, G.D. Sunvold, R.C. Cochran, E.S. Vanzant, S.D. Brandyberry, R.B. Hightshoe, T. Delcurto

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Intake of dormant, bluestem-range forage was increased by feeding steers supplements based on wheat middlings or soybean meal + sorghum grain, although the degree of influence on forage intake depended on type and level of supplementation. All supplements increased (P<.10) total diet digestibility. However, fiber digestibility tended to be slightly lower for steers receiving the high level of wheat middlings and the soybean meal + sorghum grain supplement.

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Evaluation Of Interseeded Grain Sorghum And Soybeans As A Silage Crop, S.H.M. Esmail, H. Hartadi, L.H. Harbers, John E. Shirley, J.D. Hoover, S. Azimi, L.W. Pfaff, K.K. Bolsen Jan 1989

Evaluation Of Interseeded Grain Sorghum And Soybeans As A Silage Crop, S.H.M. Esmail, H. Hartadi, L.H. Harbers, John E. Shirley, J.D. Hoover, S. Azimi, L.W. Pfaff, K.K. Bolsen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Interseeded grain sorghum and soybeans have been evaluated as a silage crop over a 3year period. In the first 2 years, maximum dry matter (DM) yields occurred at the late-dough stage of the grain sorghum, and interseeded silages had higher crude protein (CP) and acid detergent fiber contents than non-interseeded late-dough stage, grain sorghum control silages. In year 2, seeding grain sorghum and soybeans in alternating IS-inch rows increased DM yield, CP content, and the proportion of soybean plants in the mixture compared to drilled (6-inch spacing) interseeding. Digestibilities of most nutrients were similar in all silages; however, cattle fed …

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Additive-Treated Corn And Forage Sorghum Silages For Growing Cattle, K.K. Bolsen, A. Laytimi, R.A. Hart, F. Niroomand, J. Hoover Jan 1989

Additive-Treated Corn And Forage Sorghum Silages For Growing Cattle, K.K. Bolsen, A. Laytimi, R.A. Hart, F. Niroomand, J. Hoover

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Whole-plant corn silages were treated with Ecosyl® or Foraform® in one trial and Biomate® or Biomate + Cold-flo® in the second trial. In both trials, the silages were well preserved, but all were highly unstable in air during the first 3 to 4 weeks of the feed-out period. Foraform-treated silage was 2 to 6 degrees F cooler than its control, but Cold-flo-treated silage was 2 to 8 degrees F warmer during the first 10 days post-filling. Laboratory silo results showed that both control silages fermented extremely fast; however, inoculated silages had slightly lower pH and higher lactic acid values through …

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Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy Calibrations For Sorghum Silage, P.C. Dubois, G. Garcia, K.K. Bolsen, L.H. Harbers Jan 1989

Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy Calibrations For Sorghum Silage, P.C. Dubois, G. Garcia, K.K. Bolsen, L.H. Harbers

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Calibrations for near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) analysis of sorghum silage and sheep feces samples were developed. with mixed success. For sorghum silage, the standard errors of calibration (SEC) and correlation coefficients of calibration (R2) for crude protein (CP) were .405% and .927; for acid detergent fiber (ADF), 1.667% and .943; and for neutral detergent fiber (NDF), 1.589% and .964, respectively. The statistics for crude protein were not as good as similar work reported in the literature, but the data for the fiber components was as good as or better than similar reported work. For sheep feces. the SEC and R2 …

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Dietary Fat And Calcium Level Effect On Feedlot Performance And Carcass Merit In Steers, B. Bock, Robert T. Brandt Jr., D.L. Harmon Jan 1989

Dietary Fat And Calcium Level Effect On Feedlot Performance And Carcass Merit In Steers, B. Bock, Robert T. Brandt Jr., D.L. Harmon

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Feeding fat increased feed intake and average daily gain, but feed efficiency was not affected. Feeding high levels of calcium (.9%) had no overall effect, but may tend to increase intake when fed with diets that contain primarily vegetable fat or highly unsaturated fat products.

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A Comparison Of Flavor And Tenderness Between Dry-Aged And Vacuum-Aged Beef Strip Loins, K. Warren, Curtis L. Kastner Jan 1989

A Comparison Of Flavor And Tenderness Between Dry-Aged And Vacuum-Aged Beef Strip Loins, K. Warren, Curtis L. Kastner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Starting 3 days postmortem, sections from eight USDA Choice or better, yield grade 4, strip loins were dry-aged (aged unpackaged) or vacuum-aged (aged in vacuum bags) for an additional 11 days. The dry-aged loins lost more (P<.05) weight during aging than vacuum-aged loins, and cooked faster, with less (P<.05) cooking loss than the unaged loins. Vacuum-and dry-aged samples were similar (P>.05) in tenderness, and both were more tender (P<.05) than unaged counterparts. A trained taste panel found no differences in subcutaneous fat flavor. However, lean from the vacuum-aged samples had a more intense sour flavor note and more intense bloody/serumy flavor and metallic notes than either of the other treatments. The lean of dry-aged samples was beefier and had more brown/roasted flavor than vacuum-aged or unaged counterparts.

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Liver Fluke Infestation In Kansas Fed Slaughter Cattle, S.B. Laudert Jan 1989

Liver Fluke Infestation In Kansas Fed Slaughter Cattle, S.B. Laudert

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Feedlot cattle from 1,687 pens totaling 290,183 head were evaluated at slaughter for the presence of liver flukes. Overall, 4.92% of the cattle were found to be infected. Only 15.2% of all pens of cattle were found to be completely free of flukes. However, only 5.3% of the pens had greater than 15% of the cattle infested. Beef steers had a higher level of infestation (5.2%) than beef heifers (4.4%). Holstein steers had an overall infestation rate of 4.4%.

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Effect Of Foraform® On Fermentation Of Alfalfa, Corn, And Forage Sorghum Silages, K.K. Bolsen, A. Laytimi, A.D. Drysdale Jan 1989

Effect Of Foraform® On Fermentation Of Alfalfa, Corn, And Forage Sorghum Silages, K.K. Bolsen, A. Laytimi, A.D. Drysdale

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Foraform® was evaluated in four trials using alfalfa, corn, and two forage sorghums harvested in 1987 and ensiled in PVC laboratory silos. There was a dramatic crop by Foraform interaction, with Foraform delaying and restricting the fermentations, as expected, in alfalfa and corn. In both forage sorghum hybrids, although the ensiling process was delayed about 24 hours by the Foraform treatment, end-product silages had lower pH values and equal or higher lactic acid levels than untreated silages. Foraform was effective at both 60 to 90 F temperatures in alfalfa, with treated silages having lower lactic and acetic acids, ethanol, and …

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Effects Of Lecithin And Lysolecithin Additions On Growth Performance And Nutrient Digestibility In Weanling Pigs (1989), D B. Jones, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert H. Hines, Joe D. Hancock Jan 1989

Effects Of Lecithin And Lysolecithin Additions On Growth Performance And Nutrient Digestibility In Weanling Pigs (1989), D B. Jones, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert H. Hines, Joe D. Hancock

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two hundred seventy pigs (21 d of age and 12.8 lb initial wt) were used to determine if adding emulsifiers (lecithin and lysolecithin) to starter pig diets affects growth performance and digestibility of nutrients. Treatments were: 1) corn-soy control; 2) diet 1 with soybean oil; 3) diet 1 with tallow; 4, 5, and 6) diet 3 with lecithin replacing 5%, 10%, and 30% of the tallow; 7, 8, and 9) diet 3 with lysolecithin replacing 5%, 10%, and 30% of the tallow. Average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed/gain ratio (F/G) were determined weekly during the …

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1989 Agricultural Research, Southeast Kansas Branch Station, L. W. Lomas, K. P. Coffey, J. L. Moyer, D. W. Sweeney, G. V. Granade, T. Walter, K. W. Kelley Jan 1989

1989 Agricultural Research, Southeast Kansas Branch Station, L. W. Lomas, K. P. Coffey, J. L. Moyer, D. W. Sweeney, G. V. Granade, T. Walter, K. W. Kelley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Research on beef cattle and crops at Southeast Kansas Branch Station.

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Maximizing Farrowing Rate (1989), D G. Levis Jan 1989

Maximizing Farrowing Rate (1989), D G. Levis

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Farrowing rate can be defined as: 1) the number of mated females that farrow within a contemporary group per total number of MATED females for this group or 2) the number of females that farrow within a contemporary group per total number of EXPOSED females for this group. Generally, the first definition is used when hand-mating, whereas the second definition has to be used when pen-mating. Regardless of the definition, farrowing rate can be maximized only by taking total control of the breeding herd. High farrowing rates will result when fertility is high in boars, sows, and gilts; however, excellent …

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Effect Of Fat Combinations On Starter Pig Performance And Nutrient Digestibility (1989), D F. Li, D L. Harmon, G E. Fitzner, D B. Jones, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband Jan 1989

Effect Of Fat Combinations On Starter Pig Performance And Nutrient Digestibility (1989), D F. Li, D L. Harmon, G E. Fitzner, D B. Jones, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A growth trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of addition of soybean oil, coconut oil, 50% soybean oil: 50% coconut oil, 75% soybean oil: 25% coconut oil, and 25% soybean oil: 75% coconut oil on starter pig performance and nutrient digestibility. Diets were supplemented with 10% fat for the first 2 wk of the study and 5% for the final 3 wk. Fecal samples were collected from pigs by rectal massage, and apparent digestibility of DM, N, total fat, and fatly acids were calculated using chromic oxide (.3%) as an indigestible marker. Results demonstrated that ADG and feed efficiency …

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Effect Of Microbial Inoculants On The Storage Characteristics And Nutritional Value Of High Moisture Corn For Finishing Pigs (1989), K K. Bolsen, D B. Jones, Robert H. Hines, Joe D. Hancock Jan 1989

Effect Of Microbial Inoculants On The Storage Characteristics And Nutritional Value Of High Moisture Corn For Finishing Pigs (1989), K K. Bolsen, D B. Jones, Robert H. Hines, Joe D. Hancock

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

High moisture corn (23% moisture) was harvested in September, 1988, and stored in concrete silos until March, 1989. As the corn was harvested, it was divided into four treatment silos: high moisture corn (HMC) and HMC treated with inoculants containing lactobacillus, serratia, or streptococcus organisms. As a positive control, some of the corn was allowed to "field dry" to 14% moisture before being harvested. Two hundred forty finishing pigs were fed the com treatments. Approximately mid-experiment, samples of the corn and mixed diets were collected and evaluated for aerobic stability. At the end of the experiment, chromic oxide was added …

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