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Sunflower Oil Seeds In Nursery Pig Diets (1988), G E. Fitzner, Robert H. Hines
Sunflower Oil Seeds In Nursery Pig Diets (1988), G E. Fitzner, Robert H. Hines
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Two hundred forty pigs were used to evaluate the use of various amounts (0, 10, 15, 20, 25%) of black sunflower oil seeds in weanling pig diets. After 14 days, no significant differences were found between any of the dietary treatments in feed intake (FI), average daily gain (ADG), or feed efficiency (F/G). At the conclusion of the 5-wk study, no differences were found in FI, ADG, or F/G between those dietary treatments containing 0, 10, and 15% sunflower seeds. However, in those diets containing 20 and 25% sunflower seeds, there were linear (p<.05) reductions in FI and ADG. These results indicate that sunflower seeds, when finely ground using a hammermill with a 1/8 in screen, can be used in diets for weanling pigs up to 15% of the diet with no reduction in performance.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 17, 1988
Responses Of Pig Embryos To Amino Acids (1988), C F. Rosenkrans, Duane L. Davis
Responses Of Pig Embryos To Amino Acids (1988), C F. Rosenkrans, Duane L. Davis
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Mixtures of vitamins and amino acids produced detrimental effects on the development of pig embryos. However, addition of three amino acids, phenylalanine, methionine, and isoleuncine, enhanced pig embryo development.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 17, 1988
Effects Of Raw Soybeans, Roasted Soybeans, And Soybean Oil On Finishing Pig Performance (1988), Robert D. Goodband, Robert H. Hines
Effects Of Raw Soybeans, Roasted Soybeans, And Soybean Oil On Finishing Pig Performance (1988), Robert D. Goodband, Robert H. Hines
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Two trials were conducted to evaluate the effects of raw soybeans, roasted soybeans, and soybean oil on finishing pig performance. In trial 1 pigs were fed a low protein control diet containing 7.5% soybean meal and synthetic lysine. Raw soybeans were added at levels of 8.75, 11.90, 15.05, and 18.20% of the diet. The raw soybean additions replaced the synthetic lysine and part of the milo in the diet and provided lysine levels of .60, .67, .74, and .81% as raw soybean level increased, respectively. Increasing level of raw soybeans had no affect on average daily gain (ADG) or average …
Factors Affecting Feeder Pig Auction Price Differentials (1988), Ted C. Schroeder, J M. Jones, David A. Nichols
Factors Affecting Feeder Pig Auction Price Differentials (1988), Ted C. Schroeder, J M. Jones, David A. Nichols
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
A survey of feeder pig sales was conducted at two Kansas feeder pig auctions during the spring and summer of 1988. Several factors were identified that helped explain a large portion of the short-run price differentials observed in feeder pig prices. Physical characteristics of the feeder pigs and changing market fundamentals during the data collection period accounted for 80 percent of the variability in feeder pig prices. The most significant physical characteristics affecting price included weight lot size health, structural soundness, lumps, ruptures and lot uniformity. There are clear incentives for producers to attempt to sell feeder pigs in healthy, …
Hedging Opportunities For Feeder Pig Finishers (1988), Ted C. Schroeder
Hedging Opportunities For Feeder Pig Finishers (1988), Ted C. Schroeder
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
This study examined the frequency of profitable, short, hedging opportunities that have been available to feeder pig finishers in recent years. The results indicate that there have been periods offering frequent opportunities to "lock in" a profit by hedging. However, there have not been many extended periods beyond 6 mo offering frequent profitable hedging opportunities, and over several feeding periods, no trading day offered profitable hedging opportunities. Though not always offering a profit, the futures market offered some improved returns relative to the cash market. During a few feeding periods, improved return opportunities were present in excess of 80% of …
Effect Of Dietary Folic Acid Additions On Sow Performance Through Two Parities (1988), R C. Thaler, G L. Allee, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband
Effect Of Dietary Folic Acid Additions On Sow Performance Through Two Parities (1988), R C. Thaler, G L. Allee, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
A total of 153 gilts from three breeding groups were fed gestation/lactation diets supplemented with either 0, 1.5, or 6.0 g of folic acid/ton of complete feed for two consecutive parities. Serum folate levels were linearly increased by dietary additions of folic acid throughout gestation and lactation, but serum glucose and urea levels were unaffected by treatment. Stage of life cycle also had an effect on serum folate level. Generally, folate levels decreased from breeding to day 60 of gestation in parity 1 for all treatments, then increased through lactation. In parity 2, folate levels decreased up to day 90 …
Folic Acid Supplementation For Sow Diets (1988), Jim L. Nelssen
Folic Acid Supplementation For Sow Diets (1988), Jim L. Nelssen
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Folic acid is an essential B-vitamin for swine, and green, leafy plants are an -excellent source of this vitamin. Even though pigs cannot synthesize folic acid, bacteria in their lower gut can, making feces another source of folic acid. Research in the late 1940's and early 1950's indicated that folic acid supplementation to pig diets was not necessary. However, in the last 40 years, the number of sows raised in outside lots with access to leafy plants has decreased. Also, improvements in waste removal systems have decreased the sow's access to fecal material. These changes in management systems have removed …
Effect Of Processing On The Nutritional Value Of Soybean Proteins (1988), Joe D. Hancock
Effect Of Processing On The Nutritional Value Of Soybean Proteins (1988), Joe D. Hancock
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
It has been recognized for many years that some sort of processing of soybeans will yield a product of superior nutritional value. As our understanding of the effects of different processing techniques increases, we will continue to see advances in technology that will yield soybean products of superior nutritional value. The challenge for livestock producers is to recognize the products that offer improved nutritional benefits and to have the wherewithal to use those products when they are economically advantageous.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 17, 1988
Utilization By Finishing Pigs Of Reconstituted Sorghum Grain Treated With Enzymes Or Enzymes Plus A Bacterial Inoculant Prior To Ensiling (1988), J I. Heidker, Keith C. Behnke
Utilization By Finishing Pigs Of Reconstituted Sorghum Grain Treated With Enzymes Or Enzymes Plus A Bacterial Inoculant Prior To Ensiling (1988), J I. Heidker, Keith C. Behnke
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
One hundred eight finishing pigs averaging 117 lb were used to evaluate the effects of adding enzymes with or without a bacterial inoculant to reconstituted sorghum grain used in swine diets. No differences were noted in gain, feed efficiency, or carcass characteristics as determined by ultrasonic scanning.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 17, 1988
The Effects Of Porcine Somatotropin (Pst) Dosage And Dietary Lysine Level On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finishing Swine (1988), B R. Schricker, G R. Stoner, R J. Danler, R C. Thaler, B P. Kenny, S S. Hurt, G E. Fitzner, J Apple, K Warren, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert H. Hines, Donald H. Kropf, Joe D. Hancock
The Effects Of Porcine Somatotropin (Pst) Dosage And Dietary Lysine Level On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finishing Swine (1988), B R. Schricker, G R. Stoner, R J. Danler, R C. Thaler, B P. Kenny, S S. Hurt, G E. Fitzner, J Apple, K Warren, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert H. Hines, Donald H. Kropf, Joe D. Hancock
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
One hundred and forty-four finishing pigs (initial weight 126 lb) were utilized to determine the effects of PST dosage (4 or 8 mg PST' head^-1day^-1 ) and dietary lysine level (.8, 1,0, 1.2, or 1.4%) on growth performance and carcass characteristics. Pigs were injected daily in the extensor muscle of the neck with either 4 or 8 mg PST and fed a pelleted corn-soybean meal-sesame meal diet containing .8% lysine. Additional lysine levels of 1.0, 1.2, and 1.4% were provided by L-lysine HCl. Control pigs (placebo injection) received the .8% lysine diet. All diets were formulated to contain at least …
Effect Of A Probiotic On Prevention Of Salmonellosis In Pigs (1988), K B. Beeman, D E. Erickson, B J. Henning
Effect Of A Probiotic On Prevention Of Salmonellosis In Pigs (1988), K B. Beeman, D E. Erickson, B J. Henning
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
An experiment was conducted to determine if a commercial probiotic compound could be used to bring about competitive exclusion of Salmonella organisms. The probiotic material was added to the feed of one group of pigs and was not added to the feed of a control group. Both groups of pigs were dosed orally with 10^6 CFU of Salmonella cholerasuis. All pigs were affected; however, the treated group demonstrated less illness than the control group.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 17, 1988
Space Requirement Of Finishing Pigs Fed To Heavier Weight (1988), David A. Nichols, Robert H. Hines, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen
Space Requirement Of Finishing Pigs Fed To Heavier Weight (1988), David A. Nichols, Robert H. Hines, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Two trials, using a total of 240, crossbred, finishing pigs were conducted to evaluate 7, 9, and 11 ft^2 space allowance per pig from approximately 115 lb to a market weight of 250 lb. Pigs were removed individually each week as they reached the desired weight. Pigs reared in pens with 7 ft^2 had a reduced average daily feed intake and a significantly reduced average daily gain compared to those with 9 and 11 ft^2. Feed/gain was the same for all treatments; however, the pigs with 7 ft^2 required 4 days longer to reach 250 lb. Performance data suggests that …
An Alternative To Sulfa-Containing Antibiotics For Starter Pigs (1988), R C. Thaler, Jim L. Nelssen
An Alternative To Sulfa-Containing Antibiotics For Starter Pigs (1988), R C. Thaler, Jim L. Nelssen
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
An on-farm starter trial was conducted to compare the efficacy of a non-sulfa containing antibiotic (Mecadox®) to that of a sulfa-containing antibiotic (ASP-250®). Two hundred and forty pigs weaned at 3 wk of age were placed in a hot-nursery and all fed a high nutrient density diet containing the antibiotic apramycin (Apralan®) for 1 week. For the next 3 wk, pigs received complex diets containing either ASP-250 or Mecadox. Pigs were then moved. to a cold nursery and fed simple diets with the same antibiotic treatment for the final 2 wk. Average daily gain, average daily feed intake, and feed …
The Effects Of Dietary Lysine Level On Performance Of Pigs Weaned At Two Weeks Of Age (1988), R C. Thaler, Robert D. Goodband, Robert H. Hines, Jim L. Nelssen
The Effects Of Dietary Lysine Level On Performance Of Pigs Weaned At Two Weeks Of Age (1988), R C. Thaler, Robert D. Goodband, Robert H. Hines, Jim L. Nelssen
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
One-hundred fifty pigs weaned at 14 ± 2 days of age and averaging 9.8 ± 2.8 lb were used to determine the effects of increasing levels of dietary lysine on pig performance. Pigs were fed a pelleted corn-soybean meal diet (1.10% lysine) containing 20% dried skim milk and 14.4 % lactose or diets containing 1.25, 1.40, 1.55, or 1.70% lysine provided by L-lysine HCI. Average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion (F/G), and plasma urea concentrations were determined on day 7, 14, and 21 of the experiment. On day 7, ADG increased linearly (P < .05) with increasing lysine level. By day 21, ADG was increased 12% (linear and quadratic P<.15) for those pigs fed the 1.40% lysine diet. On day 7, 14, and 21, F/G improved (linear and quadratic P< .02) and plasma urea concentrations decreased (linear, quadratic, and cubic P<.O 1) as lysine level increased. Feed intake was not affected by dietary treatment (P > .20). At the end of the 21 …
The Effects Of Porcine Somatotropin (Pst) And Dietary Lysine Level On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finishing Swine (1988), R C. Thaler, B R. Schricker, G E. Fitzner, A J. Lewis, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert H. Hines, Donald H. Kropf
The Effects Of Porcine Somatotropin (Pst) And Dietary Lysine Level On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finishing Swine (1988), R C. Thaler, B R. Schricker, G E. Fitzner, A J. Lewis, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert H. Hines, Donald H. Kropf
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Seventy-two finishing pigs averaging 130 lb were utilized to determine the effects of PST and dietary lysine on growth performance and carcass characteristics. Pigs were injected daily with 4 mg PST in the extensor muscle of the neck and fed either a pelleted corn-sesame meal diet (.6% lysine, 17.7% crude protein) or diets containing .8, 1.0, 1.2, or 1.4% lysine provided by L-lysine HCl. All diets were formulated to contain at least 200% of NRC (1979) recommendations for other amino acids. Control pigs received a placebo injection and the .6% lysine diet. Increasing levels of dietary lysine resulted in increased …
Wet Vs. Dry Ad Libitum Feeding Of Growing-Finishing Swine (1988), David A. Nichols, Robert H. Hines
Wet Vs. Dry Ad Libitum Feeding Of Growing-Finishing Swine (1988), David A. Nichols, Robert H. Hines
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Two hundred and twenty-four growing-finishing pigs were used to evaluate wet vs. dry ad libitum feeding utilizing the Pride of the Farm Maxima®feeder. Growth rate, average daily feed intake, and feed/gain were the same for those pigs fed with feeders having water nozzles in the trough (wet) or (Finishing, Wet vs. Dry) without the nozzles in the trough of the feeder (dry).; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 17, 1988
Low Investment Farrowing Facilities (1988), James P. Murphy
Low Investment Farrowing Facilities (1988), James P. Murphy
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Low investment farrowing facilities can be divided into three categories, depending on the level of investment. At the lowest investment level, an individual farrowing shelter that has no floor is utilized. The shelter can be as simple as two sheets of plywood nailed together to create an A frame. Sometimes, rounded "quonset" shelters also are utilized. Since the weather protection is somewhat limited, these types of shelters are normally used to farrow only in the spring and fall. This is sometimes called the two-litter system. Farrowing is normally done on pastures. The shelters utilize no supplemental heat and have no …
Effects Of Ultra Pig Krave Extra® On Starter Pig Performance (1988), G R. Stoner, M E. Johnston, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert H. Hines
Effects Of Ultra Pig Krave Extra® On Starter Pig Performance (1988), G R. Stoner, M E. Johnston, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert H. Hines
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
A growth study and a preference study were conducted to evaluate the effect of a commercially available flavoring agent on starter pig performance. A total of 192, 3-wk old, weaned pigs were utilized. A 2-phase starter program was used in the growth study. Half the pigs received creep feed with added flavor and half without, beginning at 10 days of age. Pigs receiving flavored feed at 10 days of age had significantly better gains and feed intake the first 2 wk postweaning than pigs on nonflavored feed. The pigs in the preference study demonstrated a clear preference for flavored vs …
Hog Feeders? (1988), Robert H. Hines
Hog Feeders? (1988), Robert H. Hines
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
During the past 6 yr, extensive research has been conducted at KSU to evaluate feeding systems and various types of wet and dry feeders. Comparisons have been made between timed-feeding and ad libitum feeding systems using dry or wet feeders. Timed-feeding did not improve pig performance (ADG, F/G) when compared with ad libitum dry feeding. Wet feeding in most of the trials resulted in approximately 5% improvement in both average daily gain and feed efficiency. Feeding hogs with an oval or rectangular dry feeder resulted in similar pig performance. A11 feeders were easily adjusted to reduce feed wastage to a …
Effect Of Processing On Physical Characteristics, Handling Properties And Utilization Of Wheat Middlings (1988), C H. Fahrenholz, G L. Allee, D Eustace, Keith C. Behnke
Effect Of Processing On Physical Characteristics, Handling Properties And Utilization Of Wheat Middlings (1988), C H. Fahrenholz, G L. Allee, D Eustace, Keith C. Behnke
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Wheat middlings were pelleted and ground through different types of grinders. The resulting products were incorporated into finishing pig diets and a digestion trial was conducted to determine the effect of processing on nutrient utilization. Pelleting and grinding midds prior to use in pelleted finishing diets improved pelleting throughput and efficiency. Results of the digestion study showed there were no detrimental effects on nutrient utilization because of processing. This, along with reduced shipping costs and improved handling characteristics, indicate that pelleting wheat midds at the flour mill would be beneficial to the feed industry and could result in lower feed …
Comparison Of Wet Versus Dry Feeding For Starter Pigs (1988), R C. Thaler, Jim L. Nelssen
Comparison Of Wet Versus Dry Feeding For Starter Pigs (1988), R C. Thaler, Jim L. Nelssen
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Two studies utilizing a total of 480 pigs (21 days old) were conducted to compare wet versus dry feeding during a 4 wk starter period. Pigs were fed a pelletized, high nutrient density diet for the first 2 wk and a semi-complex diet (meal form) for the last 2 wk. Aqua® feeders were used in all pens. During the first 2 wk of the study, feeding method had no effect on daily gain or feed intake; however, pigs fed dry diets required less feed per pound of gain than did pigs consuming wet diets (P<.0002). For the overall 4 wk trial, gains and feed intake did not differ between treatments, but pigs fed the wet diets were less efficient than pigs receiving the dry diets. Based on these results, wet feeding is not advantageous to starter pig performance.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 17, 1988
Replacing Dried Skim Milk With Select Menhaden Fish Meal In A High Nutrient Density Diet (1988), G R. Stoner, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert H. Hines
Replacing Dried Skim Milk With Select Menhaden Fish Meal In A High Nutrient Density Diet (1988), G R. Stoner, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert H. Hines
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
A growth study was conducted to evaluate the possibility of replacing dried skim milk (DSM) with select menhaden fish (SMFM) in a high nutrient density diet. A total of 210, 3wk- old weaned pigs was utilized. Diets were formulated by: 1) replacing 50 or 100% of the DSM with SMFM and maintaining the lactose content of the diet by increasing the dried whey inclusion or 2) by replacing 50 or 100% of the DSM with SMFM and corn. These formulations yielded three diets containing 24% lactose, one diet containing 19% lactose, and one containing 14% lactose. Growth performance was similar …
Litter Traits For Gilts Fed 4 Or 7.4 Lb Feed During The First Ten Days After Breeding (1988), Duane L. Davis, Z Zhang, Jeffrey S. Stevenson
Litter Traits For Gilts Fed 4 Or 7.4 Lb Feed During The First Ten Days After Breeding (1988), Duane L. Davis, Z Zhang, Jeffrey S. Stevenson
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
We tested the effects of feeding 4 or 7.4 lb of a complete gestation diet to gilts during days 0 to 2 or 3 to 10 after first detected estrus (day 0) and mating. There was a tendency (P = .11) for the 7.4 lb/day treatment to increase litter size when fed from day 0 to 2 and to decrease (P = .17) litter size when fed from day 3 to 10. Gilts artificially inseminated at puberty farrowed fewer (P < .05) pigs than gilts inseminated at a second or later estrus.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 17, 1988
Effect Of Wheat Mill Run On Finishing Pig Performance (1988), C H. Fahrenholz, Keith C. Behnke, David A. Nichols
Effect Of Wheat Mill Run On Finishing Pig Performance (1988), C H. Fahrenholz, Keith C. Behnke, David A. Nichols
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Finishing pigs were fed diets containing 0, 15, 30, or 45% wheat mill run (WMR) during cold and hot weather. Results indicate that 15% WMR can be included in finishing swine diets without adversely affecting pig performance. Apparent digestibilities of dry matter, gross energy, and crude fiber were lower (P < .05) for diets containing WMR than for the control. During cold weather incorporating up to 15% WMR in the diet may be economically justified, because there was no difference in cost of gain for pigs receiving the control or 15% WMR diets. During hot weather, cost of gain increased as the level of WMR in the diet increased.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 17, 1988
Transient Hypersensitivity To Soybean Meal In The Early-Weaned Pig (1988), D F. Li, G Reddy, Frank Blecha, Joe D. Hancock, G Allee, Jim L. Nelssen
Transient Hypersensitivity To Soybean Meal In The Early-Weaned Pig (1988), D F. Li, G Reddy, Frank Blecha, Joe D. Hancock, G Allee, Jim L. Nelssen
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
An experiment was conducted to determine if baby pigs develop intestinal hypersensitivity to dietary soy protein. Challenging nursery pigs with soybean meal following oral infusion of soybean meal from day 7 to day 14 of age resulted in villus atrophy and lower average daily gain by 28 days of age. At 56 days of age, there were no differences in weight gains between pigs fed soy protein and pigs fed milk protein. Pigs exposed to soybean meal before weaning had increased anti-soybean protein immnoglobulin titers at 4 wk (7.2 vs 4.0) and at 8 wk (7.6 vs 4.2). Thus, challenging …
Effect Of Fat Source And Fat Combinations On Starter Pig Performance (1988), R C. Thaler, G L. Allee, Jim L. Nelssen
Effect Of Fat Source And Fat Combinations On Starter Pig Performance (1988), R C. Thaler, G L. Allee, Jim L. Nelssen
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Two 5-wk trials utilizing a total of 324 weanling pigs (21 ± 3 d) were conducted to determine the effects of different fat sources and combinations on starter pig performance. Treatments consisted of a control (CONT) with no added fat and fat additions of either soybean oil (SOY), coconut oil (COCO), choice white grease (CWG), 1/2 SOY: 1/2 COCO (SOCO), or 1/2 CWG: 1/2 COCO (CWCO). Diets were supplemented with 10% fat for the first two wk of the study, and 5% fat for the next three wk. Daily feed intake (ADFI) was decreased for the first 2 wk when …