Life Sciences Commons^™

Evaluating The Impact Of Long-Term Phosphorus Placement On Corn And Soybean Rotation Under Minimum Tillage System, Gustavo A. Roa, Dorivar A. Ruiz Diaz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Phosphorus (P) management is typically done with a focus on the long term, given its impact on soil fertility. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of long-term P placement on corn and soybean yields under a minimum tillage system in Kansas. Long-term research trials were established in Scandia (irrigated field) and Ottawa (rainfed) in 2006. Fertilizer treatments were applied annually to corn, including broadcast, deep-band, and starter/deep-band at 40 lb/a of P₂O₅, with a control having no phosphorus fertilizer. Corn and soybean responded significantly to P fertilizer at both locations (compared …

Nutrient Management Strategies To Control Broomsedge Infestation And Improve Yield And Quality Of Tall Fescue Hayfields, Junior I. Yasuoka, Dale Helwig, Wendie Powell, Jaymelynn K. Farney, Gretchen F. Sassenrath, Bruno C. Pedreira

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A study in tall fescue hayfields infested with broomsedge and bluestem was conducted at four locations in southeast Kansas. The purpose of this study was to evaluate how phosphorus, nitrogen, and potassium fertilization affect yield, forage quality, and broomsedge/bluestem control in tall fescue hayfields. This trial will be repeated in 2023.

Nitrogen And Phosphorus Rates’ Impact On Different Varieties Of Alfalfa In Central Kansas, Mariana O. Mota, Luiz O. Pradella, Wallas M. Da Silva, Romulo P. Lollato

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The United States is the largest producer of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) in the world, with a vast area grown under rainfed conditions. Under these conditions, and especially in a transition state such as Kansas, the alfalfa crop often suffers from water deficit stress. Environments under water-limited conditions promote a decrease in crop yield when inadequate water leads to an nitrogen deficiency and reduces crop biomass. This research aimed to investigate the production of different alfalfa varieties under different nitrogen and phosphorus rates in a rainfed environment. Three nitrogen application rates (0 lb/a; 200 lb/a; 400 lb/a) and three …

Evaluation Of Plant Tissue Analysis To Assess Phosphorus Nutritional Status For Corn And Soybean, Gustavo A. Roa, Edmond B. Rutter, Dorivar A. Ruiz Diaz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Plant tissue samples can be used to assess nutrient concentrations and the response to phosphorus fertilization. This study aimed to identify critical phosphorus tissue concentrations for corn and soybean at different growing stages. The experiment was conducted at 23 locations for corn in 2021–2022 and 12 locations for soybean in 2017–2020 across Kansas. Tissue samples were collected from whole corn plants at the V6 stage, corn ear leaves at the R1 stage, and whole soybean plants at the V4 stage, and upper trifoliate leaves at the R2 soybean stage. Data from plots that received no phosphorus fertilization were used to …

2022 Kansas Fertilizer Research Report

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A summary of research conducted in 2018-2021 on fertilizer use and management practices for crops in Kansas. Published in 2022 from the Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service
https://www.ag.k-state.edu/.

Evaluation Of Soil Test Phosphorus Extractants And Tissue Analysis For Corn, G. A. Roa-Acosta, D. A. Ruiz Diaz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship of four different soil test phosphorus methods (Mehlich 3, Bray 1, Bray 2, and Haney H3A) for corn production, and determine critical P tissue concentration at different growing stages. The experiment was conducted at 12 locations, and the fertilizer treatments consisted of five phosphorus fertilizer rates applied by broadcast pre-plant. Soil samples were collected at 0- to 6-in. depth, then samples were collected before treatment application by block. Tissue samples were collected at the V6 and R1 growth stages. The relationship between the different soil test phosphorus methods and the …

Kansas Fertilizer Research 2021

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A summary of research conducted in 2018-2020 on fertilizer use and management practices for crops in Kansas. Published in 2021 from the Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service https://www.ag.k-state.edu/

Nitrogen Fertilizer Timing And Phosphorus And Potassium Fertilization Rates For Established Endophyte-Free Tall Fescue: Year 3, D. W. Sweeney, J. K. Farney, J. L. Moyer, D. A. Ruiz Diaz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Tall fescue production was measured during the third production year of a study with locations started in fall of 2016 and fall of 2017. Phosphorus (P) fertilization rate af­fected spring harvest yield at Site 1, but not at Site 2. Applying nitrogen (N) in late fall or late winter resulted in greater spring yields than applying N in spring or not applying N. However, fall harvest yields at Site 1 were greater with spring N application, but not at Site 2. The third-year tall fescue total yield rank as affected by N fertilizer timing was late winter>late fall=spring>no …

Evaluation Of Long-Term Phosphorus Fertilizer Placement Effect On Soil Phosphorus And Crop Yield, M. J. Coelho, D. A. Ruiz Diaz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Phosphorus (P) accumulation in soil with long-term P fertilizer placements can result in a potentially large available reserve of this nutrient for subsequent crop production. This study investigated the effect of phosphorus fertilizer management (placement: broadcast versus deep band) after ten years on soil P, and yield response of crop rotation. Field studies were conducted for a period of ten years in Manhattan, KS. Three treatments were evaluated: 1) control with no P fertilizer application and two fertilizer treatments (80 lb P₂O₅/a); 2) surface broadcast; and 3) deep band at approximately 4- to 6-in. depth. All …

Nitrogen Fertilizer Timing And Phosphorus And Potassium Fertilization Rates For Established Endophyte-Free Tall Fescue, D. W. Sweeney, J. K. Farney, J. L. Moyer

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Tall fescue production was measured during the second year of a study with locations started in fall of 2016 and fall of 2017. In the second year at both sites, phosphorus (P) fertilization rate did not affect harvest yields. Applying nitrogen (N) in late fall or late winter resulted in greater spring yields than applying N in spring or not applying N. However, fall harvest yields at Site 1 in 2018 were greater without N, but were greater with spring N application at Site 2 in 2019. In both site-years, the second-year tall fescue total yield rank as affected by …

Response To Mixing Wheat Seed With Fertilizer In The Drill At Planting, C. Weber, D. A. Ruiz Diaz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Mixing dry phosphorus (P) fertilizer with winter wheat seed is common in Kansas to provide a starter fertilizer benefit to the crop. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of dry P sources, rates, and times fertilizer mixed with wheat seed, effects on early growth and overall productivity and yield of the crop. Two winter wheat studies were conducted in the 2018–2019 wheat growing season at Manhattan (site 1) and Topeka (site 2) Kansas. The previous crop for site 1 was soybean and corn at site 2. The winter wheat was no-till drilled at 70 lb/a and mixed with …

Relationships Between The Haney H3a And Conventional Soil Tests For Phosphorus And Potassium In Kansas Soils, E. B. Rutter, D. A. Ruiz Diaz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The Haney H3A soil test procedure has gained popularity in recent years for soil health evaluation and has been used in some circles to adjust fertilizer management practices. However, data relating this test to current soil tests, relative crop yield, or total nutrient uptake are nonexistent in Kansas soils. The objective of this study is to evaluate the correlation between H3A soil test phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) with soil tests currently used in Kansas (e.g. Mehlich-3). Soils from a nitrogen response study were extracted using both Mehlich-3 and H3A (version 4) soil test procedures. Mehlich-3 and Haney extractable P …

Kansas Fertilizer Research 2020, D. A. Ruiz Diaz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A summary of research conducted in 2018-2020 on fertilizer use and management practices for crops in Kansas. Published in 2020 from the Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station and Cooperative Extension Service https://www.ag.k-state.edu/.

Long-Term Nitrogen And Phosphorus Fertilization Of Irrigated Corn, A. Schlegel, H. D. Bond

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Long-term research shows that phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) fertilizer must be applied to optimize production of irrigated corn in western Kansas. In 2019, N applied alone increased yields by 71 bu/a, whereas P applied alone increased yields 10 bu/a. Nitrogen and P applied together increased yields up to 131 bu/a, which is 10 bu/a less than the 10-year average of 141 bu/a. Application of 120 lb N/a (with highest P rate) produced 97% of maximum yield in 2019, which is slightly greater than the 10-year average. Application of 80 instead of 40 lb P₂O₅/a increased …

Soil Phosphorus Fractions After Long-Term Fertilizer Placement In Different Kansas Soils, M. J. Coelho, D. A. Ruiz Diaz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Phosphorus (P) fertilizer placement can affect the long-term dynamics and forms of P, and the overall soil P pools. These changes can vary by soil type, and affect P uptake and use efficiency by crops. The objective of this study was to evaluate the changes in the labile P fractions in three Kansas soil types under P fertilizer placements (broadcast versus deep band) after ten years of crop rotation. Three field studies were conducted at Scandia, Ottawa, and Manhattan. Three treatments were evaluated: 1) a control with no P fertilizer application and two fertilizer treatments (80 lb P₂O …

Nitrogen Fertilizer Timing And Phosphorus And Potassium Fertilization Rates For Established Endophyte-Free Tall Fescue, D. W. Sweeney, J. K. Farney, J. L. Moyer

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A tall fescue production study was conducted at two locations, beginning in the fall of 2016 and the fall of 2017. At both sites, phosphorus (P) fertilization rate only affected the spring harvest, with few differences in yield. Applying nitrogen (N) in late fall or late winter resulted in greater spring yields than applying N in spring or not applying N. However, at Site 1 in 2017 fall harvest yields were greater from the spring N applica­tion, but this response was less at Site 2 in 2018. In both years, applying N increased tall fescue yield, but at Site 2 …

Nitrogen, Phosphorus, And Potassium Fertilization For Newly Established Tall Fescue, D. W. Sweeney, J. L. Moyer, J. K. Farney

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Tall fescue is the major cool-season grass in southeastern Kansas. Perennial grass crops, as with annual row crops, rely on proper fertilization for optimum production; however, meadows and pastures are often under-fertilized and produce low quantities of low-quality forage. Even when new stands are established, this is often true. The objective of this study was to determine whether N, P, and K fertilization improves yields during the early years of a stand.

Impact Of Cover Crops And Phosphorus Fertilizer Management On Nutrient Cycling In No-Tillage Corn-Soybean Rotation, R. E. Carver, N. O. Nelson, D. S. Abel, K. Roozeboom, G. J. Kluitenberg, P. J. Tomlinson, J. R. Williams

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The objective of this study was to quantify the effects of cover crops and different fertilizer management techniques on the amount of nutrients being removed and recycled in the soil system. This study was conducted at Ashland Bottoms, KS, from 2014-2016. A 2 × 3 factorial design with three replicates was utilized in this study. The fertilizer management treatments included a control of 0 lb/a P₂O₅, along with fall broadcast and spring injected applications of P₂O₅ based on a build and maintain recommendation system. Results show that total uptake of K₂O …

Nitrogen And Phosphorus Application Effects On Pearl Millet Forage Yield And Nutritive Value, D. D. Serba, A. Obour

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

There is limited information on the nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilizer requirement of pearl millet forage in dryland systems. Determination of optimum N and P rates for pearl millet forage production in dryland environments of the Great Plains will have economic advantage for farmers and ranchers growing pearl millet for forage. A field experiment was conducted in 2016 at the Agricultural Research Center-Hays, KS, to investigate N and P fertilizer application effects on forage yield and nutritive value of pearl millet. Factorial combinations of five levels of N (0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 lb/a) and three levels of …

Productivity Of A Triticale And Crimson Clover Winter Cover Crop For Dairies, K. Olagaray, C. Takiya, M. Scheffel, T. Brown, J. S. Stevenson, D. H. Min, B. Bradford

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The potential for a winter cover crop to align with agronomic objectives and to support milk production was evaluated at the Kansas State University Dairy Teaching and Research Center, Manhattan, KS. August planting of a triticale and crimson clover blend following corn silage harvest resulted in production of more than 3.5 tons of dry matter prior to subsequent corn planting. After ensiling, the impact of triticale/crimson clover silage (TCS) on milk production was evaluated in 48 mid- to late-lactation Holstein cows. Cows were blocked by parity (1 and 2+) and milk production, then randomly assigned within block to treatment sequence …

Nitrogen, Phosphorus, And Potassium Fertilization For Newly Established Tall Fescue, D. W. Sweeney, J. L. Moyer, J. K. Farney

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Tall fescue production was studied during a third year at two locations. In 2015, Site 1 was affected by an interaction between nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilization rates; while in 2016, Site 2 mainly received production differences by N fertilization rates. Potassium (K) fertilization caused little effect at both sites.

Third-year production of tall fescue was affected by an interaction between nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilization rates at Site 1 in 2015, but mainly by N fertilization rates at Site 2 in 2016, with little effect from potassium (K) fertilization at either site.

Soybean Sudden Death Syndrome Influenced By Macronutrient Fertility On Irrigated Soybeans In A Corn/Soybean Rotation, Eric Adee, Dorivar Ruiz Diaz, C. R. Little

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The effects of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) fertilization on a corn/ soybean cropping sequence were evaluated from 1983 to 2016, with corn planted in odd years. There was a negative relationship between the P rate applied during the corn years and the severity of sudden death syndrome (SDS) in 2014 and 2016 soybean.

Sudden Death Syndrome And Soybean Planting Date, Eric Adee, C. R. Little, I. A. Ciampitti

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The effect of planting date on severity of sudden death syndrome (SDS) and yield was evaluated for the second year in two studies at the Kansas River Valley experiment fields in 2016. One study was established to promote SDS and the other to minimize SDS. In both studies the severity of SDS was greatest with the earlier planting dates. The yield was greatest with the earlier planting date, except for the most susceptible variety. The severity of SDS was not as great as had been observed in previous years. There is a very positive benefit to planting in early May …

Evaluating The Interaction Between Chelated Iron Source And Placement On Phosphorus Availability In Soybean, C. L. Edwards, D. Ruiz Diaz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

In agriculture, chelating agents are used to supplement micronutrients, such as iron (Fe). However, little research has been conducted at the field-scale level to evaluate chelating agent effects on phosphorus (P). The objectives of this study were to evaluate three commercially available chelated Fe sources on early soybean growth and nutrient uptake. The study was conducted at six locations in 2014 and 2015. The experimental design was a randomized, complete block with a factorial treatment arrangement. The two factors included fertilizer source and fertilizer placement. The fertilizer sources were P only, EDTA-Fe, HEDTA-Fe, and one glucoheptonate product, Cee*Quest N5Fe758 (CQ-758), …

Nitrogen And Phosphorus Fertilization Of Irrigated Grain Sorghum, A. Schlegel, H. D. Bond

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Long-term research shows that phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) fertilizer must be applied to optimize production of irrigated grain sorghum in western Kansas. In 2015, N applied alone increased yields 66 bu/a, whereas N and P applied together increased yields up to 92 bu/a. Averaged across the past 10 years, N and P fertilization increased sorghum yields up to 76 bu/a. Application of 40 lb/a N (with P) was sufficient to pro­duce 88% of maximum yield in 2015 which is slightly above the 10-yr average. Applica­tion of potassium (K) has had no effect on sorghum yield throughout the study period. …

Nitrogen, Phosphorus, And Potassium Fertilization For Newly Established Tall Fescue, D. W. Sweeney, J. L. Moyer

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

(Abstract only. Link to: http://newprairiepress.org/kaesrr/vol1/iss4/1/) Article is nearly identical to Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium Fertilization for Newly Established Tall Fescue previously published in Southeast Agricultural Research Center 2015, included in this PDF.

First-year production of tall fescue (Site 1 in 2013 and Site 2 in 2014) was affected by nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), but not potassium (K) fertilization. Environmental conditions likely influenced the growth of the fescue and the response to fertilizer N and P in the first year of production at the two sites.

Evaluation Of Phosphorus Source And Chelate Application As Starter Fertilizer In Corn, C. L. Edwards, D. Ruiz Diaz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The differences between common phosphorus (P) fertilizers as a starter in corn production have been studied for many years. However, little research has been conducted showing which P fertilizer sources are most effective with varying compositions of ortho- and poly-phosphate. The objectives of this study were to evaluate three commercially available P fertilizers, 0-16-19, 10-34-0, and 0-18-18 (N-P₂O₅-K₂O) as starter band with and without the addition Cee*Quest-70 (CQ-70), a glucoheptonate chelate. The study was conducted at two locations, Scandia and Rossville, in 2014 and 2015. Experimental design was a randomized, complete block with four …

Nitrogen And Phosphorus Fertilization Of Irrigated Corn, A. Schlegel, H. D. Bond

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Long-term research shows that phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) fertilizer must be applied to optimize production of irrigated corn in western Kansas. In 2015, N applied alone increased yields 70 bu/a, whereas P applied alone increased yields only 12 bu/a. Nitrogen and P applied together increased yields up to 129 bu/a. This is below the 10- year average, where N and P fertilization increased corn yields up to 144 bu/a. Applica­tion of 120 lb/a N (with P) produced about 98% of maximum yield in 2015, which is 5% more than the 10-year average. Application of 80 instead of 40 lb …

Fertilizer Placement And Tillage Interaction In Corn And Soybean Production, A. T. Rosa, D. A. Ruiz Diaz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Different tillage systems can affect the availability of phosphorus (P) by changing the soil environment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects and interaction of fertilizer placement, tillage, and varieties for soybean and corn. The experiment was established at two locations in Kansas in 2014. The experimental design was a factorial in a randomized complete block with four replications. Three fertilizer treatments were combined with two tillage systems and two varieties of soybean and corn selected based on contrasting root systems. Plant tissue samples were collected during the vegetative and reproductive stages to evaluate P concentration, P …

Nitrogen, Phosphorus, And Potassium Fertilization For Newly Established Tall Fescue, D. W. Sweeney, J. L. Moyer

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

First-year production of tall fescue (Site 1 in 2013 and Site 2 in 2014) was affected by nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) but not potassium (K) fertilization. Environmental conditions likely influenced the growth of the fescue and the response to fertilizer N and P in the first year of production at the two sites.