Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Articles 1 - 29 of 29
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
A Brief History Of The Department Of Animal Sciences And Industry At Kansas State University, Miles Mckee
A Brief History Of The Department Of Animal Sciences And Industry At Kansas State University, Miles Mckee
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
The Department of Animal Sciences and Industry at Kansas State University celebrates its 100th anniversary this year. This review outlines some of the key historical moments in its development.
Response Of Heifers Fed Optaflexx™ To Supplemental Protein, D.K. Walker, E.R. Loe, A.S. Webb, Evan C. Titgemeyer, James S. Drouillard, Brandon E. Depenbusch
Response Of Heifers Fed Optaflexx™ To Supplemental Protein, D.K. Walker, E.R. Loe, A.S. Webb, Evan C. Titgemeyer, James S. Drouillard, Brandon E. Depenbusch
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
An experiment was conducted to determine the relationship between metabolizable protein supply and feeding Optaflexx™ (ractopamine-HCl) on growth and carcass characteristics of feedlot heifers. Seventy-two crossbred heifers (initially weighing 1048 lb) were fed diets based on steam-flaked corn. Treatments were arranged as a 2 x 3 factorial and included: 0 or 2 grams per heifer daily of Optaflexx™ (0 or 200 mg/day ractopamine-HCl), and diets containing one of three different protein sources (urea, solvent soybean meal, and expeller soybean meal). Optaflexx™ was fed for the final 28 days before slaughter. Optaflexx™ improved daily gain, feed efficiency, carcass-adjusted daily gain, and …
Effects Of Energy Source On Methionine Utilization By Growing Steers, G.F. Schroeder, M.S. Awawdeh, D.P. Gnad, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Effects Of Energy Source On Methionine Utilization By Growing Steers, G.F. Schroeder, M.S. Awawdeh, D.P. Gnad, Evan C. Titgemeyer
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
We evaluated the effect of energy source on amino acid utilization in growing steers. Ruminally cannulated Holstein steers (372 lb) were limit-fed (4.2 lb/day dry matter) a diet based on soybean hulls. A 2 x 5 factorial arrangement of treatments was used: 0 or 3 grams/day of methionine and five sources of energy. The energy sources evaluated were infused in amounts of 1.3 Mcal ME/day and included: control (none), glucose (0.79 lb/day), fat (0.33 lb/day), acetate (0.85 lb/day), and propionate (0.59 lb/day). Acetate and propionate were infused continuously into the rumen, whereas glucose and fat were infused into the abomasum. …
A Comparison Of Forage Yield And Quality In A Simulated Graze-Out For Twelve Varieties Of Hard Red And White Winter Wheat, R.L. Hale, C.T. Thompson, C.T. Mackown, Troy J. Dumler
A Comparison Of Forage Yield And Quality In A Simulated Graze-Out For Twelve Varieties Of Hard Red And White Winter Wheat, R.L. Hale, C.T. Thompson, C.T. Mackown, Troy J. Dumler
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Six hard white winter wheat varieties (Burchett, Lakin, NuFrontier, NuHills, Nu- Horizon, and Trego) and six hard red winter wheat varieties (2137, Jagalene, Jagger, OK101, Stanton, and Thunderbolt) were planted in two southwestern Kansas counties, Clark and Stanton, to compare simulated graze-out forage yield and quality. Four replicated plots were planted in September 2003 for each variety at each location. Forage samples were collect from each plot during December 2003, March 2004, and April or May 2004. Dry matter content, dry matter yield, crude protein, acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), total digestible nutrients (TDN), net energy (NEm, …
Effect Of Adding Aureomycin® For Anaplasmosis Control Or Rumensin® To Mineral Supplements On Summer Beef Cowherd Performance, Donald A. Llewellyn, T.T. Marston, Ryan M. Breiner
Effect Of Adding Aureomycin® For Anaplasmosis Control Or Rumensin® To Mineral Supplements On Summer Beef Cowherd Performance, Donald A. Llewellyn, T.T. Marston, Ryan M. Breiner
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Two hundred forty-six commercial Angusbased cows were used to determine the effect of adding Aureomycin® for anaplasmosis control or Rumensin® to mineral supplements on summer beef cowherd performance. Cow/calf pairs were randomly allotted to summer native-pasture groups by treatment, and were fed an industry-standard mineral/trace mineral supplement for the duration of the trial. The study had three treatments: (1) control mineral supplement with no medication added, (2) the same base supplement with the addition of Aureomycin® (0.5 mg/lb cow body weight daily), and (3) the base supplement with the addition of Rumensin® (200 mg/cow daily). Feed additives were blended into …
Feedlot Performance, Health, And Carcass Characteristics Of Beef Heifers Treated With Cydectin® Or Dectomax® At Processing, R.L. Hale, D. Gray, R. Armendariz
Feedlot Performance, Health, And Carcass Characteristics Of Beef Heifers Treated With Cydectin® Or Dectomax® At Processing, R.L. Hale, D. Gray, R. Armendariz
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Two parasite-control products were compared in an experiment evaluating growth performance, health, and carcass characteristics. Crossbred heifers (n=1747; 837 lb average weight) were randomly assigned to receive either Cydectin® or Dectomax®. Both products were administered at processing at 1 ml per 22 lb of body weight. Cattle were randomly allotted to 12 paired pens by treatment based on source, truckload, and arrival date. Fecal egg counts taken at processing (9.74 eggs per gram) and at reimplanting (0 eggs per gram) indicated that both products were effective in eliminating adult female gastrointestinal parasites. No differences were detected in average daily gain, …
Effects Of Early Weaning On Feedlot Performance Of Bulls And Steers, E.K. Schlickau, T.T. Marston, J. Brethour, Michael E. Dikeman, John A. Unruh
Effects Of Early Weaning On Feedlot Performance Of Bulls And Steers, E.K. Schlickau, T.T. Marston, J. Brethour, Michael E. Dikeman, John A. Unruh
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Crossbred Hereford x Angus calves (n = 103) were used to determine the effects of early weaning on feedlot performance of bulls and steers. Treatments were: 1) early-weaned (117 days of age) bulls, 2) early-weaned steers, 3) normal-weaned (220 days of age) bulls, and 4) normal-weaned steers. Early-weaned calves were placed on a grower ration at an average age of 134 days and on a finishing ration at 182 days of age. Normal-weaned calves were placed on a finishing ration at 242 days of age. Weight, feed intake, and ultrasound measurements were recorded during the feeding period. Three early-weaned cattle …
Effects Of Early Weaning On Carcass And Ribeye Steak Characteristics Of Bulls And Steers, E.K. Schlickau, Michael E. Dikeman, T.T. Marston, J. Brethour, John A. Unruh
Effects Of Early Weaning On Carcass And Ribeye Steak Characteristics Of Bulls And Steers, E.K. Schlickau, Michael E. Dikeman, T.T. Marston, J. Brethour, John A. Unruh
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Crossbred Hereford x Angus calves (n = 103) were used to determine the effect of early weaning on carcass and ribeye (longissimus muscle) characteristics of bulls and steers. Treatments were: 1) early-weaned (117 days of age) bulls, 2) early-weaned steers, 3) normal-weaned (220 days of age) bulls, and 4) normal-weaned steers. Cattle were harvested at 360 and 389 days of age. At 36 hours postmortem, carcass quality and cutability were measured. Ribeye steaks were aged 14 days and scored for color, Warner-Bratzler shear force, and sensory panel evaluations. Carcasses from early-weaned cattle had greater dressing percentages, heavier weights, greater fat …
Evaluation Of Estru$ Alert®, Kamar®, And Fil® Tailpaint As Aids For Detection Of Estrus, Sandra K. Johnson
Evaluation Of Estru$ Alert®, Kamar®, And Fil® Tailpaint As Aids For Detection Of Estrus, Sandra K. Johnson
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Three estrus-detection aids were evaluated in beef heifers after synchronization of estrus with a typical melengesterol acetate (MGA)/prostaglandin F2α(PGF) protocol. Devices were applied at the time of PGF administration. Application time was longest for Kamar® patches, intermediate for Estru$ Alert® patches and FiL® Tailpaint, and shortest for controls. The degree to which the detection aids were activated at first observed estrus was dependent on the time of day when first observed and the type of device. A greater proportion of Estru$ Alert® and FiL® Tailpaint devices were 75% to fully activated when first observation of estrus was in the morning, …
Effects Of Packaging On Bone Marrow Discoloration In Beef Arm, Rib, Shoulder Blade, And Thoracic Vertebra Bones, J.P. Grobbel, Michael E. Dikeman, J. Scott Smith, Donald H. Kropf, George A. Milliken
Effects Of Packaging On Bone Marrow Discoloration In Beef Arm, Rib, Shoulder Blade, And Thoracic Vertebra Bones, J.P. Grobbel, Michael E. Dikeman, J. Scott Smith, Donald H. Kropf, George A. Milliken
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Meat retailers have reported bone marrow discoloration to be a problem, especially in modified-atmosphere packages (MAP). To evaluate causes of bone marrow discoloration in different beef bones and packaging systems, 36 beef arm bones, ribs, shoulder blades, and thoracic vertebrae from USDA Select and Choice carcasses were obtained from a commercial abattoir, cut into 1-inch-thick sections at 4 days postmortem, and packaged into 1) polyvinyl chloride film (PVC) overwrap; 2) high-oxygen (80% O2, 20% CO2) MAP; or 3) ultra-low-oxygen (70% N2, 30% CO2) MAP. Packages were displayed under continuous fluorescent lighting for 4 days at 35.6°F. Ribs, shoulder blades, and …
Effects Of Antioxidants On Bone Marrow Discoloration In Beef Lumbar Vertebrae In Different Packaging Systems, J.P. Grobbel, Michael E. Dikeman, E.J. Yancey, J. Scott Smith, Donald H. Kropf, George A. Milliken
Effects Of Antioxidants On Bone Marrow Discoloration In Beef Lumbar Vertebrae In Different Packaging Systems, J.P. Grobbel, Michael E. Dikeman, E.J. Yancey, J. Scott Smith, Donald H. Kropf, George A. Milliken
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
To evaluate how antioxidants might prevent bone marrow discoloration, beef lumbar vertebrae held at 35.6°F for 6 or 14 days postmortem before packaging were cut into 1- inch-thick sections and packaged into 1) PVC overwrap; 2) high-oxygen (80% O2, 20% CO2) modified atmosphere packages (MAP); or 3) ultra-low-oxygen (70% N2, 30% CO2) MAP. Before packaging, bones were treated with: no treatment application (control); 1.25% or 2.5% ascorbic acid; 0.1% or 0.2% rosemary; or a combination treatment of 0.15% Origanox™ + 0.3% ascorbic acid. Packages were displayed under continuous fluorescent lighting for 4 days at 35.6°F. Untreated lumbar vertebrae and those …
Validation Of Process Capabilities For Directly Acidified Beef And Venison Containing Beef Snack Sticks For Control Of E. Coli O157:H7, S.K. Stoltenberg, Kelly J.K. Getty, H. Thippareddi, T.M. Loughin, Randall K. Phebus
Validation Of Process Capabilities For Directly Acidified Beef And Venison Containing Beef Snack Sticks For Control Of E. Coli O157:H7, S.K. Stoltenberg, Kelly J.K. Getty, H. Thippareddi, T.M. Loughin, Randall K. Phebus
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
USDA/FSIS guidelines require sausage manufacturers to validate their processes to assure that they can achieve a five-log (99.999%) reduction of E. coli O157:H7. Some small meat processors use encapsulated acids instead of lactic acid starter cultures to produce directly acidified sausages. The objectives of this study were to determine 1) the effects of typical thermal processing temperatures and times on reducing E. coli O157:H7 in directly acidified all-beef and venison-containing beef snack sticks, 2) the effect of fat content (10 and 25%) on lethality, and 3) the effect of acid type (citric versus lactic) on lethality. For both all-beef and …
Effects Of Melengesterol Acetate On Inflammatory Response During Mannheimia Haemolytica Challenge, M.E. Corrigan, James S. Drouillard, M.F. Spire, Daniel W. Moser, James J. Higgins, E.R. Loe, J.T. Fox, J. Ernest Minton, Brandon E. Depenbusch
Effects Of Melengesterol Acetate On Inflammatory Response During Mannheimia Haemolytica Challenge, M.E. Corrigan, James S. Drouillard, M.F. Spire, Daniel W. Moser, James J. Higgins, E.R. Loe, J.T. Fox, J. Ernest Minton, Brandon E. Depenbusch
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Previous trials conducted at Kansas State University demonstrated that melengesterol acetate (MGA) increased growth rates and tended to reduce chronic sickness in heifers naturally challenged with undifferentiated bovine respiratory disease. Our study was conducted to gain further insight into the mode of action of MGA. Crossbred heifers (n=47; 511 lb) were used to evaluate effects of MGA on lung pathology and markers of inflammation in cattle after an intrabronchial Mannheimia haemolytica challenge. On day 0, cattle were assigned to diets (54% concentrate) that provided 0 or 0.5 mg MGA per heifer daily. On day 14 each heifer was intrabronchially inoculated …
Effects Of Cetylpyridinium Chloride Treatment Of Roast Beef On Listeria Monocytogenes Populations And Quality Attributes, M. Singh, H. Thippareddi, T.J. Herald, Randall K. Phebus, James L. Marsden, Abbey L. Nutsch
Effects Of Cetylpyridinium Chloride Treatment Of Roast Beef On Listeria Monocytogenes Populations And Quality Attributes, M. Singh, H. Thippareddi, T.J. Herald, Randall K. Phebus, James L. Marsden, Abbey L. Nutsch
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
The effectiveness of cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) for reducing microbial populations, in particular Listeria monocytogenes, on ready-to-eat roast beef was evaluated. Roast beef slices inoculated with L. monocytogenes were dipped in a solution of 1% CPC for 1 minute. Samples were then vacuum packaged and stored at refrigeration temperature. The effects of CPC treatment on microbial populations, as well as on color and texture of the roast beef samples, was evaluated over a 42-day period. Immediately after CPC treatment, L. monocytogenes populations were reduced by 99 to 99.99%, with the treatment being somewhat more effective on exterior than on sliced/cut surfaces. …
Effects Of Optaflexx™ On Finishing Steer Performance And Usda Quality And Yield Grades, E.R. Loe, T.J. Klopfenstein, G.E. Erickson, B.E. Dicke, James S. Drouillard
Effects Of Optaflexx™ On Finishing Steer Performance And Usda Quality And Yield Grades, E.R. Loe, T.J. Klopfenstein, G.E. Erickson, B.E. Dicke, James S. Drouillard
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Crossbred yearling steers (2,015 head) were fed at a commercial feedyard near Larned, Kansas, to evaluate the effects of feeding Optaflexx™ at 0 or 200 mg ractopamine-HCl per steer daily for the final 29 days on feed. Steers were fed a common diet, based on steam-flaked corn, throughout their finishing period. Cattle that were fed Optaflexx™ had heavier final bodyweights (1264 vs. 1236 lb). Optaflexx™-fed cattle gained 17.9% faster (carcass adjusted basis) and tended to consume more feed during the last 29 days on feed. Feed efficiency was 14% better during the last 29 days for the Optaflexx™-fed steers. Feeding …
Optimizing Use Of Wet Sorghum Distiller’S Grains With Solubles In Flaked-Corn Finishing Diets, R.W. Daubert, E.R. Loe, J.J. Sindt, J.T. Fox, M.A. Greenquist, M.E. Corrigan, James S. Drouillard, Brandon E. Depenbusch
Optimizing Use Of Wet Sorghum Distiller’S Grains With Solubles In Flaked-Corn Finishing Diets, R.W. Daubert, E.R. Loe, J.J. Sindt, J.T. Fox, M.A. Greenquist, M.E. Corrigan, James S. Drouillard, Brandon E. Depenbusch
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
A finishing trial was conducted using 637 heifers (initially 849 lb) to determine the optimal amount of wet sorghum distiller's grains with solubles (WDGS) in finishing diets containing steam-flaked corn. Dietary treatments consisted of six concentrations of WDGS (0, 8, 16, 24, 32, and 40%; dry basis). Heifers were placed into dirt-surfaced feedlot pens (25 to 30 heifers/pen; 4 pens/treatment) and fed for 58 days. Daily gain responded in a quadratic manner (P<0.01), peaking with 8% WDGS in the finishing diet. Average daily gains during the 58-day finishing period were 2.79, 3.11, 3.05, 2.89, 2.70, and 2.55 lb/day for cattle fed 0, 8, 16, 24, 32, and 40% WDGS, respectively. Dry matter intake decreased linearly (P<0.01) as content of WDGS increased. Feed efficiency was optimized with 16% WDGS (6.81, 6.49, 6.19, 6.64, 6.96, and 7.18 lb dry feed per lb gain for cattle fed 0, 8, 16, 24, 32, and 40% WDGS, respectively). Animal performance data were used to compute net energy gain (NEg) values of each diet, yielding estimates of 69.9, 71.7, 75.8, 71.2, 68.9, and 67.6 Mcal/cwt for diets containing 0, 8, 16, 24, 32, and 40% WDGS, respectively (quadratic effect, P<0.03). Ribeye area decreased linearly (P<0.02) as concentration of WDGS increased in the diet. The percentage of USDA Yield Grade 1 carcasses decreased linearly (P<0.05), and the percentage of USDA Yield Grade 3 carcasses increased linearly (P=0.05) as the content of WDGS was increased. Average USDA Yield Grade increased linearly (P<0.02) as content of WDGS was increased. Grid-based carcass values were not significantly different across dietary treatments. Regression analysis of efficiency data indicates that the optimum amount of sorghum WDGS in steam-flaked corn diets is approximately 15%. Diets containing as much as 24% WDGS yielded efficiencies equal or superior to diets containing no WDGS.
Yield Of Irrigated Cool-Season Grasses In Southwestern Kansas, R.L. Hale, C.T. Thompson, M. Hampton, G.L. Gold, Troy J. Dumler
Yield Of Irrigated Cool-Season Grasses In Southwestern Kansas, R.L. Hale, C.T. Thompson, M. Hampton, G.L. Gold, Troy J. Dumler
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Nine varieties and a commercial mix of perennial cool-season grasses were planted in four replicated plots in two counties in southwestern Kansas to evaluate yield and adaptability when produced under irrigation. The varieties were smooth bromegrass, "˜Slate' intermediate and "˜Hycrest' crested wheatgrass, "˜Kentucky 31' and "˜Max-Q®' tall fescue, "˜Profile' orchardgrass, "˜Hykor' festulolium, and "˜Dixon®' and "˜Lakota®' matua grass. The mix was Sharp Brothers' "˜Pasture Mix #6®', a blend of smooth bromegrass, "˜Regar' meadow bromegrass, Slate, Profile, and "˜Garrison' creeping foxtail. Grasses were planted in September 2002. Forage samples were collected in the spring and fall of 2003 and 2004 to …
Economic Values Associated With Expected Progeny Differences (Epd) For Angus Bulls At Auction, Kevin C. Dhuyvetter, R. Jones, T. Turner, T. Marsh
Economic Values Associated With Expected Progeny Differences (Epd) For Angus Bulls At Auction, Kevin C. Dhuyvetter, R. Jones, T. Turner, T. Marsh
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
The two primary objectives of this study were to re-examine the economic values of production expected progeny differences (EPD) and how they relate to the values assigned to actual weights, and to assess the impact that ultrasound EPD have on Angus bull prices. Buyers consider the EPD birth weight to be more important than actual birth weight when selecting bulls. For the remaining production EPD, however, the actual measures were considered more important than the EPD. All four ultrasound EPD were significantly related to price, with three out of the four exhibiting the expected response. Comparisons among premiums/discounts associated with …
Evaluation Of Exterior Sanitary Garments For Meat Plant Employees For Control Of Microbial Contamination, G.V. Hickey, J.M. Bieker, E.J. Harvey, L.J. Franken, James L. Marsden, Randall K. Phebus, Curtis L. Kastner
Evaluation Of Exterior Sanitary Garments For Meat Plant Employees For Control Of Microbial Contamination, G.V. Hickey, J.M. Bieker, E.J. Harvey, L.J. Franken, James L. Marsden, Randall K. Phebus, Curtis L. Kastner
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Disposable frocks, manufactured by Precise Systems, LLC, and made of an innovative clothing material formed by an inner layer of a spun-bond polypropylene material reinforced by an outer layer of polyethylene, were compared with the cotton/polyester materials used in frocks typically worn in food plants today. The growth and absorption of bacteria on these materials were compared as an indicator of the sanitary conditions of the disposable frocks. These materials were cut into 2 x 2- inch pieces and were inoculated with generic Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella spp. Samples were collected after allowing microorganisms to …
Evaluation Of Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics In Response To Oral Dosing And Daily Administration Of A Yucca-Derived Sarsaponin To Finishing Steers, E.R. Loe, M.E. Corrigan, M.A. Greenquist, Brandon E. Depenbusch, James S. Drouillard
Evaluation Of Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics In Response To Oral Dosing And Daily Administration Of A Yucca-Derived Sarsaponin To Finishing Steers, E.R. Loe, M.E. Corrigan, M.A. Greenquist, Brandon E. Depenbusch, James S. Drouillard
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Three hundred sixty-eight crossbred, yearling steers (737 lb) were used in a finishing trial comparing a yucca-derived sarsaponin (YUCCA) to a control diet. Finishing diets based on dry-rolled corn were fed for an average of 134 days before slaughter. Animals were randomly assigned to treatments and allotted to 54 pens with seven steers each. On day 0, cattle assigned to YUCCA were orally drenched with 50 mL of SarStart® plus (SarTec Inc., Anoka, MN), and control cattle were orally drenched with an equal volume of water. Steers receiving YUCCA were supplemented with 1 gram per steer daily of a dried …
Comparison Of Dectomax® And Valbazen® On Feedlot Steer Performance And Carcass Traits, J.A. Christopher, T.T. Marston, J.R. Brethour, Gerald L. Stokka
Comparison Of Dectomax® And Valbazen® On Feedlot Steer Performance And Carcass Traits, J.A. Christopher, T.T. Marston, J.R. Brethour, Gerald L. Stokka
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Two hundred thirty-nine steers were fed at the K-State Agricultural Research Southeast Agricultural Research Center Center- Hays to compare the effects of different deworming agents on feedlot performance and carcass traits. This experiment consisted of two replications with steers being fed a finishing diet based on ground sorghum-grain for approximately 100 days. Before the start of each replication, steers were commingled for approximately 30 days and then stratified into high- and low-marbling groups via ultrasound measurements. Within each marbling group, steers were randomly allotted to a treatment. Treatments consisted of an oral application of Valbazen® or a subcutaneous injection of …
Influence Of Early Weaning And Winter Protein Supplementation On Weight And Condition Score Of Spring-Calving Beef Cows Grazing Native Tallgrass Prairie, K.W. Harborth, Donald A. Llewellyn, T.T. Marston
Influence Of Early Weaning And Winter Protein Supplementation On Weight And Condition Score Of Spring-Calving Beef Cows Grazing Native Tallgrass Prairie, K.W. Harborth, Donald A. Llewellyn, T.T. Marston
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Ninety-two pregnant, mature, spring-calving cows grazing low-quality tallgrass-prairie were used to determine if early weaning of calves reduces the supplementation cost during the subsequent winter. Calves were weaned on June 23, 2003, (early weaning) or October 15, 2003, (fall weaning). Cows were assigned to winter feeding groups and fed one of two amounts of a common soybean meal-milo supplement (45% crude protein; dry matter basis). The two supplementation amounts were fed three times weekly and were prorated to 4 lb/day and 2.8 lb/day. The four treatment groups were: 1) early weaning - 4 lb/day supplement, 2) early weaning - 2.8 …
Economies Of Scale In Finishing Cattle, R.W. Porter, R. Jones
Economies Of Scale In Finishing Cattle, R.W. Porter, R. Jones
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
The results of this study indicate that farmer-feeders who finish as few as 700 head per year can compete with the large commercial feedlots from a cost perspective. The lack of a sophisticated feed mill does not prevent the farmer-feeder from being competitive with the large commercial feedlots in feed costs. This might be explained by the farmer feeder producing much of the feed, which reduces transportation and transaction costs. The farmer-feeder has non-feed costs that average 64% more than those of the large commercial feedlots. The significantly greater costs for depreciation, repairs, and maintenance may be explained by having …
Survey Of Cooking Practices And Methods For Beef Steaks And Roasts, L.J. Franken, E.J. Harvey, C. Pearsall, James L. Marsden, Randall K. Phebus
Survey Of Cooking Practices And Methods For Beef Steaks And Roasts, L.J. Franken, E.J. Harvey, C. Pearsall, James L. Marsden, Randall K. Phebus
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
To support the development of Good Manufacturing Practices for the use of mechanical tenderization in the meat processing industry, a questionnaire was distributed to home, retail, and institutional preparers of beef steaks and roasts. Five hundred individuals in the United States were surveyed on their cooking practices and methods for preparing steaks and roasts. The survey was circulated to individuals from seven states, and consisted of nine questions that addressed where and how participants cooked steaks and roasts. Survey participants were directed to answer all questions that pertained to them and their methods for cooking of steaks and roasts. Results …
Nutrient Values For Harvested Forages From Northeastern Kansas, T.T. Marston, Duane L. Davis, Billy D. Wood, Rod Schaub
Nutrient Values For Harvested Forages From Northeastern Kansas, T.T. Marston, Duane L. Davis, Billy D. Wood, Rod Schaub
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Forage testing is an important management tool available to cattle producers. Hay samples (n=42) from Shawnee, Douglas, and Osage counties of various forages (mostly alfalfa, brome hay, and prairie hay) recently were analyzed for nutrient composition. Results indicate that variability in crude protein and fiber (ADF and NDF) content exists. Alfalfa samples possessed crude protein content greater than reported values, whereas prairie samples were close to National Research Council reported values. In contrast, brome hay samples often had less crude protein than their NRC book values. Single samples of other forage types revealed that nutrient profiles of alternative forages could …
Serological Responses To Ibr Viral Vaccine And Mannheimia Haemolytica Bacterin/Leukotoxoid Administered With Needle-Free Injection Technology, John F. Smith, B.J. Johnson, Sanjay Kapil, Larry C. Hollis, Derek A. Mosier
Serological Responses To Ibr Viral Vaccine And Mannheimia Haemolytica Bacterin/Leukotoxoid Administered With Needle-Free Injection Technology, John F. Smith, B.J. Johnson, Sanjay Kapil, Larry C. Hollis, Derek A. Mosier
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Yearling steers were randomized to treatment and vaccinated with 5-way modified live viral vaccine and Mannheimia haemolytica bacterin/toxoid by using either needle-free or standard needle injection. Blood samples were collected from all animals at the time of vaccination and 21 days later, and the serum was analyzed for antibody titers to infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) virus and M. haemolytica leukotoxoid. Serological responses to the IBR viral fraction of the 5-way viral vaccine were significantly greater on day 21 after administration with the needle-free injection system. Serological responses to the M. haemolytica leukotoxoid tended to be greater on day 21 after …
Feeding Melengesterol Acetate (Mga) In Advance Of Estrus Synchronization Of Virgin Beef Heifers, B.T. Gray, T.T. Marston
Feeding Melengesterol Acetate (Mga) In Advance Of Estrus Synchronization Of Virgin Beef Heifers, B.T. Gray, T.T. Marston
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
The objective of this experiment was to determine if a 7-day feeding of melengesterol acetate (MGA) about 2 months before the breeding season would have an effect on puberty onset, response to estrous synchronization, and fertility. "Progesterone priming" with MGA increased the number of heifers that began cycling before estrous synchronization. This did not increase the percentage of heifers that were observed in standing heat after estrous synchronization, however, regardless of whether standard MGA/PGF or Select Synch protocol was used. The conception rates and overall pregnancy rates were similar between treatments. Many factors affect the reproductive performance of replacement heifers; …
Antimicrobial Effects Of Colloidal Silver Washes Against Salmonella And Escherichia Coli O157:H7 On Fresh Beef, R.R. Coger, L.J. Franken, T. Herald, Randall K. Phebus, James L. Marsden
Antimicrobial Effects Of Colloidal Silver Washes Against Salmonella And Escherichia Coli O157:H7 On Fresh Beef, R.R. Coger, L.J. Franken, T. Herald, Randall K. Phebus, James L. Marsden
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Beef carcasses and fresh fabricated beef products potentially can be contaminated with disease causing microorganisms (pathogens) via animal dressing procedures and contamination from the plant environment or workers. Concentrated efforts have been made by the meat industry to develop and implement a wide array of strategies to control such contamination. Spraying beef flank (Rectus abdominus) samples with 32 ppm colloidal silver (ASAP®, American Biotech Labs) solution for 20 seconds reduced Salmonella and Escherichia coli O157:H7 numbers by greater than 90% after 4 hours. Inoculated samples treated with 22 ppm colloidal silver, 22 ppm colloidal silver plus 1.5% hydrogen peroxide, 10 …
Evaluation Of The Grovactm System For Decontamination Of Retail Beef Trimmings To Control E. Coli O157:H7 And Salmonella, R. Forgey, T. Herald, L.J. Franken, C.A. Tanus, Randall K. Phebus, James L. Marsden
Evaluation Of The Grovactm System For Decontamination Of Retail Beef Trimmings To Control E. Coli O157:H7 And Salmonella, R. Forgey, T. Herald, L.J. Franken, C.A. Tanus, Randall K. Phebus, James L. Marsden
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
The Grovac™ intervention system was evaluated for its effectiveness in reducing E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella inoculated on the surfaces of beef trimmings. Designed to be used in a batch process, the Grovac™ system involves treating beef trimmings in a mixture of citric acid and a hypotonic salt solution while tumbling under vacuum. Beef trimmings were inoculated with a five-strain cocktail of E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella, then subjected to no treatment, water with a 1-hour drain treatment, water with an overnight drain treatment, Grovac™ with a 1-hour drain treatment, and Grovac™ with an overnight drain treatment. Data indicated that …