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Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

2007

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Articles 1 - 30 of 84

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Southwest Research-Extension Center Field Day 2007 Jan 2007

Southwest Research-Extension Center Field Day 2007

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Each Field Day report consists of individual research reports on topics specific to the region, including cultural methods for most of the major crops grown in Kansas, mitigating the effects of weeds, insects, and disease associated with those crops, and irrigation. Research is conducted and reports written by staff of the K-State Research and Extension Southwest Research Extension Center.

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Kansas Fertilizer Research 2006, Dale F. Leikam Jan 2007

Kansas Fertilizer Research 2006, Dale F. Leikam

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

No abstract provided.

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Field Research 2006, Kansas State University. Department Of Agronomy Jan 2007

Field Research 2006, Kansas State University. Department Of Agronomy

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

No abstract provided.

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Value Of Animal Traceability Systems In Managing A Foot-And-Mouth Disease Outbreak In Southwest Kansas, D.L. Pendell, Ted C. Schroeder Jan 2007

Value Of Animal Traceability Systems In Managing A Foot-And-Mouth Disease Outbreak In Southwest Kansas, D.L. Pendell, Ted C. Schroeder

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Concerns regarding management of animal disease and related perceptions about food safety have escalated substantially in recent years. Terrorist attacks of September 2001, discovery of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in a dairy cow in December 2003 in Washington, subsequent discoveries of BSEinfected animals in Texas in 2005 and Alabama in 2006, and recent worldwide outbreaks of highly contagious animal diseases (i.e., foot-and-mouth disease [FMD] and Avian influenza) have made apparent the need for animal traceability in U.S. livestock production and marketing. In addition, animal identification systems are rapidly developing throughout the world, effectively increasing international trading standards. One way to …

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Altered Insemination Timing Improves Pregnancy Rates After A Co-Synch + Cidr Protocol, C. A. Dobbins, D. E. Tenhouse, D. R. Eborn, Sandra K. Johnson, Keith R. Harmoney, Jeffrey S. Stevenson Jan 2007

Altered Insemination Timing Improves Pregnancy Rates After A Co-Synch + Cidr Protocol, C. A. Dobbins, D. E. Tenhouse, D. R. Eborn, Sandra K. Johnson, Keith R. Harmoney, Jeffrey S. Stevenson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Our objective was to determine the optimal time to inseminate lactating beef cows after applying the CO-Synch + CIDR protocol [injection of GnRH given seven days before and 48 to 72 hr after an injection of prostaglandin F2α(PGF2α) concurrent with AI, with a controlled internal drug release (CIDR) insert containing progesterone placed intravaginally for seven days between the first GnRH injection and PGF2α.]. Using 605 beef cows located at three Kansas locations, the CO-Synch + CIDR protocol was administered as follows: an injection of GnRH was given concurrent with a vaginally placed, progesterone-releasing CIDR insert, seven days later the insert …

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Attitudes Of Cow-Calf Producers Toward Nais Are Guarded, S.J. Breiner, S.A. Grau, B.B. Barnhardt, A.M. Bryant, Kris Boone, Dale A. Blasi, Ted C. Schroeder, Ryan M. Breiner Jan 2007

Attitudes Of Cow-Calf Producers Toward Nais Are Guarded, S.J. Breiner, S.A. Grau, B.B. Barnhardt, A.M. Bryant, Kris Boone, Dale A. Blasi, Ted C. Schroeder, Ryan M. Breiner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The introduction of a National Animal Identification System (NAIS) into the United States has generated much confusion and controversy. The goal of the NAIS is to utilize 48-hour traceback in the event of an animal disease outbreak, identify all animals that have had contact with the diseased animal, and link animals to their premises of origin. The NAIS has led to new technology and guidelines with the potential to change the production and marketing landscape of the beef industry. Moreover, these advances have led to public policy issues that have changed the rhetoric of the industry. The objective of this …

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Eye Lens Weight And Nitrogen Content Predict Beef Animal Age, C.R. Raines, Melvin C. Hunt, James J. Higgins, James L. Marsden, Michael E. Dikeman, John A. Unruh Jan 2007

Eye Lens Weight And Nitrogen Content Predict Beef Animal Age, C.R. Raines, Melvin C. Hunt, James J. Higgins, James L. Marsden, Michael E. Dikeman, John A. Unruh

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

With the emergence of Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) and the necessity to guarantee cattle ages to meet export requirements of some countries, the need to accurately determine age is paramount to the worldwide beef industry. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) estimates that only approximately 5% of U.S. beef cattle have documented chronological ages. Several methods for determining or predicting cattle age exist, including vertebra ossification, lean color, and dentition. Current systems can be criticized due to their subjectivity and subsequent inherent variability. Because concerns exist about current methods of determining cattle age, we investigated the use of the …

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Aging, Blade Tenderization, And Injection Impacts Tenderness Of Muscles From Fed Steers, Stacy L. Hutchinson, Melvin C. Hunt, T.T. Marston, John A. Unruh Jan 2007

Aging, Blade Tenderization, And Injection Impacts Tenderness Of Muscles From Fed Steers, Stacy L. Hutchinson, Melvin C. Hunt, T.T. Marston, John A. Unruh

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Enhancement of steer and heifer meat has become a common practice, especially for some large retailers in the United States, because it increases the weight of salable product and decreases variability in tenderness and juiciness. Enhancement also may reduce the aging period for some muscles. Muscles for this research were identified by National Cattlemen's Beef Association (NCBA) as possible muscles in which value could be added with some type of postmortem tenderization treatment. If muscles are enhanced, aging may become less important, thus allowing more efficient and faster processing of those cuts. Therefore, the objective of this research was to …

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Ammonia Ion Selective Electrode And Indophenol Methods Can Be Used Successfully To Evaluate Meat Contaminated By Ammonia, F. Hijaz, J. Scott Smith, Curtis L. Kastner Jan 2007

Ammonia Ion Selective Electrode And Indophenol Methods Can Be Used Successfully To Evaluate Meat Contaminated By Ammonia, F. Hijaz, J. Scott Smith, Curtis L. Kastner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Anhydrous ammonia is used as a refrigerant in large warehouses for cooling meats, fruits, vegetables, milk, and other products. Ammonia offers several advantages over other refrigerants; it does not harm the ozone layer and is a very efficient heat transfer agent. However, cold storage facilities sometimes have ammonia leaks. When this happens, products are held for an indeterminate period or are condemned because there is no official method to evaluate the degree of product contamination. In one case, a warehouse owner discarded a product because he could not prove that it was safe. His insurance company would not compensate him …

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Despite Nais Concerns Electronic Identification Use By Cow-Calf Producers Is Increasing, S.J. Breiner, S.A. Grau, B.B. Barnhardt, A.M. Bryant, Kris Boone, Dale A. Blasi, Ted C. Schroeder, Ryan M. Breiner Jan 2007

Despite Nais Concerns Electronic Identification Use By Cow-Calf Producers Is Increasing, S.J. Breiner, S.A. Grau, B.B. Barnhardt, A.M. Bryant, Kris Boone, Dale A. Blasi, Ted C. Schroeder, Ryan M. Breiner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The proposed U.S. National Animal Identification System has generated concerns among producers relative to implementation of the system. Many of these concerns stem from the USDA's Bovine Identification Working Group's recommendations to use electronic Identification Plan Bovine Working Group has recommended radio frequency identification as the technology to individually identify cattle. Understanding and implementing an electronic identification system for cow-calf producers is believed to be one of the greatest challenges of implementing the National Animal Identification System.

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Mature Open Cows Are Rarely Persistently Infected With Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus, Bradley J. White, Robert L. Larson, Daniel U. Thomson Jan 2007

Mature Open Cows Are Rarely Persistently Infected With Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus, Bradley J. White, Robert L. Larson, Daniel U. Thomson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDv) is an immunosuppressive virus affecting cattle in a multitude of ways. The varied presentation makes this disease difficult to identify in cow herds and the signs of a BVD infection may be very subtle. The syndrome causes economic problems by reducing herd fertility and increasing disease rates. The persistently infected (PI) animal is a unique reservoir for BVDv. These cattle are the result of in utero exposure to the noncytopathic biotype of BVDv prior to the development of a competent fetal immune system at about 125 days of gestation. Persistently infected animals are the primary …

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Validation Of Commercial Dna Tests For Beef Quality Traits, A.L. Van Eenennaam, J. Li, R.M. Thallman, R.L. Quaas, C. Gill, D.E. Franke, M.G. Thomas, Michael E. Dikeman Jan 2007

Validation Of Commercial Dna Tests For Beef Quality Traits, A.L. Van Eenennaam, J. Li, R.M. Thallman, R.L. Quaas, C. Gill, D.E. Franke, M.G. Thomas, Michael E. Dikeman

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Gene mapping and discovery programs have resulted in the detection of numerous DNA "˜markers' for various beef cattle production traits. Prior to commercializing genetic markers, it is important to validate their purported effects on the traits of interest in different breeds and environments, and assess them for correlated responses in associated traits. One of the biggest challenges in achieving this objective is the availability of cattle populations with sufficient phenotypic data to assess the association between various traits and newly discovered genetic markers. Results from such validation studies to date have not been widely published and genetic marker tests sometimes …

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Supplementation With Degradable Intake Protein Increases Low-Quality Forage Utilization And Microbial Use Of Recycled Urea, T.A. Wickersham, R.C. Cochran, E.E. Wickersham, D.P. Gnad, Evan C. Titgemeyer Jan 2007

Supplementation With Degradable Intake Protein Increases Low-Quality Forage Utilization And Microbial Use Of Recycled Urea, T.A. Wickersham, R.C. Cochran, E.E. Wickersham, D.P. Gnad, Evan C. Titgemeyer

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A common production practice throughout the United States is to supplement protein to cattle consuming low-quality forage (forage with a crude protein content of less than 7%) in order to improve animal performance (i.e., maintain body condition score and body weight) during the winter. Protein supplementation increases forage utilization (intake and digestion) and cow performance by supplying ruminal microbes with protein that is essential for microbial growth. Increased microbial activity in turn provides sources of both protein and energy to the cow. In addition to the protein that is fed and degraded in the rumen, ruminants have the ability to …

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Southwest Research-Extension Center: Another 50 Years Of Progress (1957-2007) Jan 2007

Southwest Research-Extension Center: Another 50 Years Of Progress (1957-2007)

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The Garden City Branch Experiment Station was established in 1907. The mission was to serve the people of western Kansas by developing new knowledge and technology for agriculture. The current review will focus mainly on the second 50 years of the station’s history.

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Southwest Research-Extension Center, Field Day 2007 Jan 2007

Southwest Research-Extension Center, Field Day 2007

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Report of agricultural research from Southwest Research-Extension Center of Kansas State University.

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Digestible Energy Content Of Corn- Vs Sorghum-Based Dried Distillers Grains With Solubles And Their Effects On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics In Finishing Pigs (2007), C Feoli, C Monge, Terry L. Gugle, S D. Carter, N A. Cole, Joe D. Hancock Jan 2007

Digestible Energy Content Of Corn- Vs Sorghum-Based Dried Distillers Grains With Solubles And Their Effects On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics In Finishing Pigs (2007), C Feoli, C Monge, Terry L. Gugle, S D. Carter, N A. Cole, Joe D. Hancock

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two experiments were conducted to determine the nutritional value of corn- and sorghum-based dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS). In Exp. 1, 120 finishing pigs (average initial weight of 244 lb) were used in a 19-d DE determination. The reference diet was 97% corn with vitamins, minerals, and amino acids added to meet or exceed all NRC suggested nutrient concentrations. Treatments were corn-based (Sioux River Ethanol, Hudson, SD and MGP Ingredients, Atchison, KS) and sorghum-based (US Energy Partners, Russell, KS and Western Plains Energy, Oakley, KS) DDGS substituted as 50% of the reference diet in place of corn. Comparisons among …

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Digestible Energy Content Of Corn And Triticale When Fed To Finishing Pigs (2007), C Feoli, C R. Monge, Terry L. Gugle, Joe D. Hancock Jan 2007

Digestible Energy Content Of Corn And Triticale When Fed To Finishing Pigs (2007), C Feoli, C R. Monge, Terry L. Gugle, Joe D. Hancock

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Digestible energy content of corn and triticale when fed to finishing pigs; Swine Day, 2007, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 2007

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An Evaluation Of Dextrose, Lactose, And Whey Sources In Phase 2 Starter Diets For Weanling Pigs (2007), J R. Bergstrom, C N. Groesbeck, J M. Benz, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2007

An Evaluation Of Dextrose, Lactose, And Whey Sources In Phase 2 Starter Diets For Weanling Pigs (2007), J R. Bergstrom, C N. Groesbeck, J M. Benz, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of various dextrose, lactose, and whey sources on weanling pig performance. In Exp. 1, a total of 228 pigs (initially 17.1 lb) were used in a 14-d experiment. There were six treatments consisting of a control (corn-soybean meal diet) or the control diet with 7.2% lactose, 7.2% dextrose anhydrous, 7.2% dextrose monohydrate, 10% feed-grade whey, or 10% food-grade whey. Pigs were blocked by weight and randomly allotted to treatment after being fed SEW and Transition diets for the first seven days post-weaning. Overall, ADG and d 14 weight were improved (P<0.05) for pigs fed lactose or food-grade whey when compared to pigs fed feed-grade whey. There were no other differences in ADG or d 14 weights among the treatments. Average daily feed intake was improved (P<0.05) for pigs fed lactose, dextrose monohydrate, or food-grade whey when compared to those fed feed-grade whey. Feed efficiency was improved (P<0.05) for pigs fed food-grade whey rather than dextrose monohydrate. For the economic analysis, pigs fed the control diet had the lowest (P<0.01) cost per pound of gain, followed by pigs fed dextrose monohydrate, dextrose anhydrous, feed-grade whey, lactose, and food-grade whey. Margin-over-feed cost was improved (P<0.05) for pigs fed the control diet rather than the diets containing lactose, dextrose anhydrous, or either whey source. In Exp. 2, a total of 352 pigs (initially 17.1 lb) were used in a 14-d experiment to evaluate seven commercial whey sources. There were eight treatments consisting of a corn-soybean meal-based control diet and seven diets containing 10% whey, each of a different whey source. Pigs were blocked by weight and randomly allotted to treatment after being fed SEW and Transition diets for the first five days post-weaning. Overall, ADG and d 14 weight were improved (P<0.05) for pigs fed whey sources A and E when compared to the control and sources B and D. Pigs fed whey sources C, F, and G had intermediate ADG. Average daily feed intake was greater (P<0.05) for pigs fed whey source E rather than the control or whey sources B, C, D, and G. Feed efficiency was improved (P<0.05) for pigs fed whey source A rather than the control. Pigs fed the remaining whey sources had intermediate F/G. For the economic analysis, pigs fed the control diet had the lowest cost per pound of gain (P<0.01). Margin-over-feed cost was improved (P<0.05) for pigs fed the control diet rather than the diets containing whey sources B, D, and G. Pigs fed whey source A had intermediate MOF that was also greater (P<0.05) than that of pigs fed whey sources B and D. In conclusion, differences in the growth performance of pigs fed various whey (or lactose) and dextrose sources exist. The quality, cost, and relative feeding value of lactose sources should be considered when formulating diets for nursery pigs. In some cases, especially with the current high price of dried whey, feeding a Phase 2 diet containing no added source of lactose may be a more economical option despite the slight reduction in growth performance.; Swine Day, 2007, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 2007

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Amino Acid Digestibility And Energy Content Of Corn Distillers Meal For Swine (2007), J Y. Jacela, R C. Sulabo, R C. Thaler, Joel M. Derouchey, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2007

Amino Acid Digestibility And Energy Content Of Corn Distillers Meal For Swine (2007), J Y. Jacela, R C. Sulabo, R C. Thaler, Joel M. Derouchey, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

An experiment was conducted to determine the apparent ileal digestibility and standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids and energy of corn distillers meal in pigs. Five growing barrows (initially 150 lb) were allotted to one of two diets in a crossover design. One diet contained corn distillers meal (66.7%) as the sole protein source. The second diet was nitrogen-free to determine basal endogenous AA losses. Ileal digesta and fecal samples were collected during each period and analyzed for amino acid and energy contents. Based on these analyses, apparent ileal digestibility (AID), standardized ileal digestibility (SID), gross energy (GE), digestible energy …

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Timed Artificial Insemination Conception Rates In Response To A Progesterone Insert In Lactating Dairy Cows (2007), C.A Martel, B.S. Buttery, M.G. Burns, W.E. Brown Jan 2007

Timed Artificial Insemination Conception Rates In Response To A Progesterone Insert In Lactating Dairy Cows (2007), C.A Martel, B.S. Buttery, M.G. Burns, W.E. Brown

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Our objective was to determine the effectiveness of exogenous progesterone in the form of an intravaginal insert (controlled internal drug release, CIDR) in conjunction with an ovulation synchronization protocol in lactating dairy cows. Cows received a Presynch protocol (two injections of prostaglandin F2α[PGF2α] 14 days apart) beginning 30 and 36 days in milk, respectively, in two herds. Cows were inseminated after the second Presynch injection when estrus was detected. Remaining cows were treated with the Ovsynch protocol, and alternate cows were assigned randomly to receive a progesterone insert(CIDR). Blood was collected, and body condition scores (BCS) were assigned to treated …

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Impact Of Slope And Pipe Diameter On Flush Plume Design (2007), Joseph P. Harner, John F. Smith, Michael J. Brouk Jan 2007

Impact Of Slope And Pipe Diameter On Flush Plume Design (2007), Joseph P. Harner, John F. Smith, Michael J. Brouk

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Manning's equation provides a method to evaluate the flow characteristics of a flush plume system used to move a diluted, sandladen manure stream from a freestall building to sand or solid separation equipment. Evaluation of a 16, 18, and 24-inch plume showed pipe slope is critical in maintaining a 5 feet per second water velocity through the pipe. A 24 inch or larger plume placed on a 0.5% slope is able to obtain water velocity of 5 feet per second if the pump capacity exceeds 3,600 gpm. The flow velocity never reached or exceeded 5 feet per second in a …

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Veterinarians Are Most Popular Source Of Information Utilized By Cow-Calf Producers, S.J. Breiner, S.A. Grau, B.B. Barnhardt, A.M. Bryant, Kris Boone, Dale A. Blasi, Ted C. Schroeder, Ryan M. Breiner Jan 2007

Veterinarians Are Most Popular Source Of Information Utilized By Cow-Calf Producers, S.J. Breiner, S.A. Grau, B.B. Barnhardt, A.M. Bryant, Kris Boone, Dale A. Blasi, Ted C. Schroeder, Ryan M. Breiner

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Sources and channels of information used among agriculturalists have long been important issues in Cooperative Extension. A source is an entity that originates a message. By understanding from whom producers receive messages, there exists a better framework to deliver information. Moreover, when considering the demographics of today's producers, as well as the sources of information utilized, the industry can work toward better educating and understanding the concerns of these individuals.

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Trailer-Mounted Rfid Reader Scans Eid Tags During Cattle Shipments, B.B. Barnhardt, A.M. Bryant, M.P. Epp, M.F. Spire, Dale A. Blasi Jan 2007

Trailer-Mounted Rfid Reader Scans Eid Tags During Cattle Shipments, B.B. Barnhardt, A.M. Bryant, M.P. Epp, M.F. Spire, Dale A. Blasi

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One of the challenges regarding implementation of a national animal identification system is the logistics of reading and reporting EID (electronic identification) tag numbers as cattle move through the production cycle. Many small producers would have difficulty justifying the investment required to install an RFID (radio frequency identification) reader system that would only be used seasonally to track relatively small numbers of cattle that are entering commerce. A proposed solution to this issue is to install an RFID reader on commercial cattle trailers so that cattle can have EID tags read as they are loaded and unloaded during transport from …

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Evaluation Of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin As A Replacement For Gnrh In An Ovulation Synchronization Protocol Before Fixed-Time Insemination, M.G. Burns, B.S. Buttrey, D.R. Eborn, J.E. Larson, B.J. Lovaas, G.C. Lamb, Jeffrey S. Stevenson, K. C. Olson Jan 2007

Evaluation Of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin As A Replacement For Gnrh In An Ovulation Synchronization Protocol Before Fixed-Time Insemination, M.G. Burns, B.S. Buttrey, D.R. Eborn, J.E. Larson, B.J. Lovaas, G.C. Lamb, Jeffrey S. Stevenson, K. C. Olson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the difference between gonadotropinreleasing hormone (GnRH) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) given at the beginning of a timed AI protocol and their effects on fertility. In Experiment 1, beef cows (n = 672) at six different locations were assigned randomly to treatments based on age, body condition, and days postpartum. On day −10, cattle were treated with GnRH or hCG and a progesterone-releasing controlled internal drug release (CIDR) insert was placed in the vagina. An injection of PGF2αwas given and CIDR inserts were removed on day −3. Cows were inseminated at one fixed timed …

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Gnrh Removal In The 7-11 Co-Synch For Timed Insemination Of Beef Heifers, D.R. Eborn, David M. Grieger Jan 2007

Gnrh Removal In The 7-11 Co-Synch For Timed Insemination Of Beef Heifers, D.R. Eborn, David M. Grieger

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The use of artificial insemination can improve genetics, shorten the calving season, and increase weaning weights by having more calves born earlier in the breeding season. Reasons that this technology has not been used by many producers may include poor conception rates, time, and cost. Research has been directed at shortening the synchronization time and controlling time of ovulation to eliminate estrous detection using a timed artificial insemination. Use of a progestin, like the Eazi-Breed CIDR or melengestrol acetate (MGA), is desirable because they are effective in synchronizing estrus and they can also induce cyclicity in anestrus or prepubertal females. …

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Optaflexx1 Affects Rumen Fermentation, Charles E. Walker, James S. Drouillard, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja Jan 2007

Optaflexx1 Affects Rumen Fermentation, Charles E. Walker, James S. Drouillard, Tiruvoor G. Nagaraja

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Three experiments were conducted to determine effects of ractopamine-HCl, sold under the trade name Optaflexx, on rumen fermentation. In experiment 1, fermentative gas production was measured in vitro to determine the impact of increasing amounts of ractopamine- HCl added to rumen fluid. Ractopamine-HCl increased gas production when added to rumen fluid up to 10 times the assumed physiological dosage of 200 mg per head/day, but depressed gas production at 100 times the physiological dose. Experiment 2 and 3 evaluated the effects of ractopamine-HCl on production of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) by ruminal microbes. In vitro experiments revealed no effect of …

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Antioxidants May Reduce Heterocyclic Amines In Commercially Marinated Beef Steaks, F. Ameri, J. Scott Smith Jan 2007

Antioxidants May Reduce Heterocyclic Amines In Commercially Marinated Beef Steaks, F. Ameri, J. Scott Smith

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Heterocyclic amines (HCAs) are carcinogenic and mutagenic compounds found at a level of parts per billion in grilled fish and meats. Since the connection between consumption of dietary carcinogens and risk of different cancers in humans has been established, it is necessary to explore effective inhibitors that can prevent or reduce the formation of HCAs in cooked meats. Cooking meat with natural antioxidants decreases or eliminates HCAs in meat. Our objective was to study the inhibition of five HCAs in beef steaks marinated using commercial ingredients that are natural antioxidants.

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Formation And Safety Of 2-Dodecylcyclobutanone, A Unique Radiolytic Product In Irradiated Beef, P. Gadgil, J. Scott Smith Jan 2007

Formation And Safety Of 2-Dodecylcyclobutanone, A Unique Radiolytic Product In Irradiated Beef, P. Gadgil, J. Scott Smith

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Treating food with ionizing radiation improves product safety and helps maintain quality. The main selling point of irradiated foods is that it is microbially safe. Beginning in October 2002, companies could petition the FDA for permission to use terms like "electronic pasteurization" on the labeling for irradiated foods. Consumers are already familiar with pasteurization and they associate the term with a safe product. There needs to be a protocol in place to test for irradiation to verify that products meet regulatory requirements. Being able to differentiate between irradiated and nonirradiated food will aid in proving the authenticity and safety of …

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Ultrasound Sorting Increases Feedlot Profitability, A. Garmyn, Daniel W. Moser Jan 2007

Ultrasound Sorting Increases Feedlot Profitability, A. Garmyn, Daniel W. Moser

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Feedlot managers often market entire pens as mixed groups, resulting in lower-quality, over-finished, or heavyweight carcasses. As the cattle industry has moved towards valuebased marketing systems, finding a costeffective tool that predicts future carcass merit and sorts cattle into outcome groups, thus producing a more uniform product at harvest, is of great interest to feedyard managers. The objective of this research was to determine the profitability of sorting feedlot cattle at reimplant time by using ultrasound and computer technology to group cattle into uniform market groups.

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Dried Distiller’S Grains Improve The Performance Of Beef Cattle Intensively Grazing Early Summer Bluestem Pasture, M. Epp, B. Barnhardt, A. Bryant, Dale A. Blasi Jan 2007

Dried Distiller’S Grains Improve The Performance Of Beef Cattle Intensively Grazing Early Summer Bluestem Pasture, M. Epp, B. Barnhardt, A. Bryant, Dale A. Blasi

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Distiller's grains are byproducts of the production of ethanol from grains and are an excellent source of protein and energy for cattle. The most prevalent use of distiller's grains is in the finishing beef production sector. There is limited research available that has evaluated effectiveness of distiller's grains as a supplement for grazing beef cattle. Digestible protein content in grass begins to decrease in midsummer, resulting in lower average daily gains. The objective of this study was to measure the daily gain of yearling steers supplemented with different levels of dried distiller's grains while grazing doublestock Flint Hills pastures.

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