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Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

2004

Animal Sciences

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Articles 1 - 30 of 75

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Johne's Disease: Where Do We Go From Here?, Larry C. Hollis Jan 2004

Johne's Disease: Where Do We Go From Here?, Larry C. Hollis

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Johne's disease was characterized as a significant disease in cattle before the start of the 20th century. The disease causes a chronic wasting away and non-responsive diarrhea, coupled with a long incubation period and difficulty in diagnosis until late in the course of disease. As a result, it has become a costly aggravation to dairy producers over the years. Of even greater concern, however, is the more recent incrimination of the causative agent, Mycobacterium avium subspecies pseudotuberculosis (MAP), as a possible cause of Crohn's disease in humans. Because MAP is present in milk of cows with advanced Johne's disease, and …

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Accelerated Growth Programs For Dairy Calves, Michael J. Brouk Jan 2004

Accelerated Growth Programs For Dairy Calves, Michael J. Brouk

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Accelerated-growth feeding programs are the newest buzz word in calf rearing. Accelerated programs require a milk replacer containing more crude protein and less fat content than traditional milk replacers. These programs are generally phase-feeding programs that increase the amount of milk replacer as the calf advances in age. In addition, changes in the calf starter are necessary to achieve optimal performance. These programs increase weight gain during the liquid-feeding period and may positively impact calf health. Changes in the composition and amount of milk replacer used increase the cost of the accelerated program, compared with that of conventional programs. Gains …

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Performance Of Lactating Dairy Cows Fed Yeast And Fibrolytic Enzymes, Evan C. Titgemeyer, B.J. Johnson, John E. Shirley Jan 2004

Performance Of Lactating Dairy Cows Fed Yeast And Fibrolytic Enzymes, Evan C. Titgemeyer, B.J. Johnson, John E. Shirley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We evaluated the effect of supplementing typical dairy diets with yeast and fibrolytic enzymes on dairy cow performance. Twentyfour Holstein cows were used to evaluate the effects of yeast (Procreatin-7, a live culture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and various amounts of FP800 (a fibrolytic enzyme mixture) on lactation performance. Treatments were arranged in a 4 x 2 factorial design consisting of 8 treatments: 0, 5, 10, or 15 g of FP800 per day and 0 or 5 g of Procreatin-7 per day. Design and conduct of the experiment allowed at least 10 observations in each of the 8 treatment combinations. Within …

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Inseminations At Estrus Induced By The Presynch Protocol Before Timed Artification Insemination, A.P. Phatak, Jeffrey S. Stevenson Jan 2004

Inseminations At Estrus Induced By The Presynch Protocol Before Timed Artification Insemination, A.P. Phatak, Jeffrey S. Stevenson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A controlled field study examined conception rates after two timed-AI (TAI) breeding protocols conducted on two commercial dairy farms. Estrous cycles in postpartum lactating cows were presynchronized with two injections of PGF2" given 14 days apart (Presynch) and then, after 12 days, the standard Ovsynch protocol (injection of GnRH 7 days before and 48 h after an injection of PGF2", with one TAI at 12 to 16 hours after the second GnRH injection) or Heatsynch protocol (injection of GnRH 7 days before an injection of PGF2", followed 24 h later by 1 mg of estradiol cypionate (ECP) and one TAI …

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Resynchronizing Estrus And Ovulation In Open Cows And Heifers, S.M. Tiffany, Jeffrey S. Stevenson Jan 2004

Resynchronizing Estrus And Ovulation In Open Cows And Heifers, S.M. Tiffany, Jeffrey S. Stevenson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We compared outcomes of two protocols used to resynchronize estrus and ovulation in dairy females after found open at pregnancy checks. Replacement heifers and lactating cows in which AI occurred 41 ± 1 day earlier were presented every 2 to 3 weeks for a pregnancy check by ultrasonography. Ovaries were scanned, follicles were mapped and sized, presence of corpus luteum was noted, and GnRH was injected (day 0) . Females received PGF2" 7 days later (day 7) and then were assigned randomly to either receive estradiol cypionate (ECP) 24 hours after PGF2" (day 8; Heatsynch; n = 230) or a …

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Responses Of Lactating Holstein Cows To Low-Pressure Soaking Or High-Pressure Misting During Heat Stress, Joseph P. Harner, John F. Smith, W.F. Miller, B. Cvetkovic Jan 2004

Responses Of Lactating Holstein Cows To Low-Pressure Soaking Or High-Pressure Misting During Heat Stress, Joseph P. Harner, John F. Smith, W.F. Miller, B. Cvetkovic

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Lactating dairy cattle were used to evaluate three different cooling systems. Eight cows were arranged in a replicated Latinsquare design and assigned to each of four treatments. Treatments were control, lowpressure soaking (LPS), high-pressure misting with 1.7 gallons per minute of water (HP-1.7), or high-pressure misting with 3.4 gallons per minute of water (HP-3.4). Cows were allowed to become heat stressed in a free-stall facility, and then were moved to a tie-stall barn for 2 hours of observations during four hot and humid afternoons. Respiration rates declined when heat abatement systems were used. Respiration rates at the end of the …

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Update On Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy, Larry C. Hollis Jan 2004

Update On Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy, Larry C. Hollis

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy, commonly called "mad cow disease" by members of the media, found its way into the United States and was diagnosed in December, 2003, in a Holstein dairy cow of Canadian origin. A significant disruption to the beef cattle industry immediately followed the announcement of this finding; within a matter of weeks, however, a degree of normalcy began to return to the industry. When consumers and cattle producers alike learned of the extensive firewall system that had been put in place years earlier by the USDA and the FDA to reduce the likelihood of entry of this disease …

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Short-Term Progestin Estrus Synchronization With Timed Insemination For Beef Heifers: Cidr Vs. Mga, A.W. Thompson, D.R. Eborn, L.D. Keenan, David M. Grieger Jan 2004

Short-Term Progestin Estrus Synchronization With Timed Insemination For Beef Heifers: Cidr Vs. Mga, A.W. Thompson, D.R. Eborn, L.D. Keenan, David M. Grieger

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Recently, a new product, Eazi-Breed CIDR (a vaginal insert containing progesterone), was approved for estrus synchronization in beef heifers. In previous studies the CIDR has produced excellent estrus synchrony, but it is more costly than the commonly used progestin, melengestrol acetate (MGA). Therefore, the objective of this study was to compare the CIDR to MGA in a shorter-term timed breeding program. Seventy-seven commercial beef replacement heifers were assigned to one of two treatments, CIDR (n=38) or MGA (n=39). Each heifer in the CIDR treatment group received a CIDR on day 1, which was removed on day 7. The MGA treatment …

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Plasma Metabolites Of Receiving Heifers And The Relationship Between Bovine Respiratory Disease, Weight Gain, And Carcass Characteristics, Sean P. Montgomery, J.J. Sindt, M.A. Greenquist, W.F. Miller, J.N. Pike, E.J. Good, E.R. Loe, M.J. Sulpizio, T.J. Kessen, James S. Drouillard Jan 2004

Plasma Metabolites Of Receiving Heifers And The Relationship Between Bovine Respiratory Disease, Weight Gain, And Carcass Characteristics, Sean P. Montgomery, J.J. Sindt, M.A. Greenquist, W.F. Miller, J.N. Pike, E.J. Good, E.R. Loe, M.J. Sulpizio, T.J. Kessen, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Six hundred sixty-five crossbred beef heifers initially weighing 495 lb were used to evaluate rectal temperature and plasma glucose, lactate, and urea nitrogen at initial processing as indicators of health status of newly arrived receiving cattle. We also evaluated the relationship between bovine respiratory disease (BRD), weight gain, and carcass characteristics. An increased number of treatments for BRD was associated with lower (linear, P<0.01) plasma glucose and lactate concentrations at initial processing. Elevated rectal temperatures at initial processing were associated with a greater number of treatments for BRD (linear, P<0.03). Initial body weight, final body weight, and average daily gain during the receiving period were progressively less (linear, P<0.01) as the number of treatments for BRD increased, whereas grazing-period gain was progressively greater with more frequent treatment for BRD during the receiving period (linear, P<0.01). Finishing-period gain, final body weight, hot carcass weight, fat thickness, and marbling score were linearly decreased (P<0.05) with increased treatmentfor BRD during the receiving period. These data suggest that initial plasma glucose and lactate concentrations might be associated with the health of newly arrived receiving cattle and that increased incidence of BRD in cattle is associated with lower weight gain and carcass quality.

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Effects Of Early Weaning On Performance Of Cow/Calf Pairs, E.A. Koch, J.A. Christopher, T.T. Marston, Ryan M. Breiner, John A. Unruh Jan 2004

Effects Of Early Weaning On Performance Of Cow/Calf Pairs, E.A. Koch, J.A. Christopher, T.T. Marston, Ryan M. Breiner, John A. Unruh

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Commercial cow/calf pairs (Angus based, n=103) were used to determine the effect of calf weaning age on cow body weight and body condition score (scale=1 to 9) and calf performance in terms of subcutaneous fat and marbling deposition. Only cows with male progeny (steers, n=52; bulls, n=51) were used in this study. Treatments were: 1) early-weaned bulls, 2) early-weaned steers, 3) traditionally weaned bulls, and 4) traditionally weaned steers. Cow/calf pairs grazed pastures at four different locations. Calving began February 1, 2003, and ended in early April. In the early-weaned treatment group, calves were weaned June 25, with an average …

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Estrus Synchronization Of Suckled Beef Cows By Using Gnrh, Prostaglandin F2Α (Pgf), And Progesterone (Cidr): A Multi-Location Study, J.E. Larson, G.C. Lamb, Jeffrey S. Stevenson, T.W. Marston, Sandra K. Johnson, M.L. Day, T.W. Geary, D.J. Kesler, J.M. Dejarnette, F.N. Schrick Jan 2004

Estrus Synchronization Of Suckled Beef Cows By Using Gnrh, Prostaglandin F2Α (Pgf), And Progesterone (Cidr): A Multi-Location Study, J.E. Larson, G.C. Lamb, Jeffrey S. Stevenson, T.W. Marston, Sandra K. Johnson, M.L. Day, T.W. Geary, D.J. Kesler, J.M. Dejarnette, F.N. Schrick

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Our objectives were to determine whether a fixed-time artificial insemination (TAI) protocol could yield pregnancy rates similar to a protocol requiring detection of estrus and whether inclusion of a CIDR (a vaginal insert containing progesterone) in protocols using gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and prostaglandin F2α(PGF) would enhance fertility. Postpartum suckled beef cows (n = 2,630) from 14 locations were assigned randomly to each of five estrus-synchronization protocols using PGF with GnRH and(or) a CIDR. Protocols were Control, CO-Synch, COSynch+ CIDR, Hybrid-Synch, and Hybrid-Synch+CIDR. The percentage of cows cycling at the initiation of estrus synchronization was 66.8%, the percentage of cycling cows …

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Addition Of Estradiol Cypionate And (Or) Calf Removal To A Modified Mga + Co-Synch Protocol For Fixed-Time Artificial Insemination Of Beef Cows, Sandra K. Johnson, Keith R. Harmoney, Jeffrey S. Stevenson Jan 2004

Addition Of Estradiol Cypionate And (Or) Calf Removal To A Modified Mga + Co-Synch Protocol For Fixed-Time Artificial Insemination Of Beef Cows, Sandra K. Johnson, Keith R. Harmoney, Jeffrey S. Stevenson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A study was conducted in 735 suckled beef cows to determine if synchronization of ovulation could be improved with estradiol cypionate (ECP) and(or) 48-hour calf removal in a modified MGA + CO-Synch protocol. All cows were fed melengestrol acetate (MGA) (0.5 mg/cow) daily for 14 days (days -32 to - 19 of the experiment) and received an injection of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) on d -7, an injection of prostaglandin F2α(PGF) on day 0, and received a fixed-time artificial insemination (AI) at 72 hours after PGF. Treatments were applied in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement. Calves either remained with cows …

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Grazing Cattle On Winter Cereal Pasture On The Sandy Soils Of South-Central Kansas, Victor L. Martin, R. Hale Jan 2004

Grazing Cattle On Winter Cereal Pasture On The Sandy Soils Of South-Central Kansas, Victor L. Martin, R. Hale

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Rye, wheat, and triticale pasture were evaluated during the winters of 2000-01, 2001-02, and 2002-03 for their ability to increase cattle weight from late fall through mid-spring. Large-scale studies were conducted on two 80-acre sites divided into either 25- or 40-acre pastures. Cattle at these sites were stocked at one head per acre, with an average initial weight between 500 and 550 lb. At the Sandyland Experiment Field, small-scale studies were conducted by using the same winter cereals for forage, but at greater stocking rates, ranging from two to three head per acre. Supplemental feeding, as necessary, included summer annual …

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In Vitro Evaluation Of Fibrolytic Enzymes To Increase Digestion Of Fibrous Feedstuffs, E.A. Elwakeel, B.J. Johnson, Evan C. Titgemeyer Jan 2004

In Vitro Evaluation Of Fibrolytic Enzymes To Increase Digestion Of Fibrous Feedstuffs, E.A. Elwakeel, B.J. Johnson, Evan C. Titgemeyer

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Fermentations were conducted to identify enzyme activities and amounts that would optimize digestion of high-fiber feed ingredients (soybean hulls, alfalfa, corn silage, and corn gluten feed). In general, adding enzymes increased in vitro dry matter disappearance, but total volatile fatty acid concentrations were not improved by enzyme treatments. The response to enzymes was similar across substrate, suggesting that substrate specificity of the enzymes is not important. The most effective enzyme preparation had greater cellulase activity than the other enzyme preparations, suggesting that cellulase might be the most important enzymatic activity for improving digestion of fibrous feedstuffs.

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Effects Of Round Bale Feeding Sites On Soil Fecal Bacteria And Nutrient Concentrations, N.A. Lenehan, T.T. Marston, Michael L. Christian, G.L. Marchin, Joel M. Derouchey Jan 2004

Effects Of Round Bale Feeding Sites On Soil Fecal Bacteria And Nutrient Concentrations, N.A. Lenehan, T.T. Marston, Michael L. Christian, G.L. Marchin, Joel M. Derouchey

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

An experiment was conducted over seven months (January to July 2003) to evaluate fecal bacteria and nutrient concentrations in soil surrounding round bale feeders at winter feeding sites. Six-inch soil samples were taken each month from a total of ten feeding sites, at distances of 10, 40, 70, and 100 feet from each feeder. Soil samples were taken before (January) livestock access to the sites, during (February, March, and April) the feeding period, and after (May, June, and July) cattle had been removed from the sites. Results indicate that fecal bacteria concentrations increased over the duration of feeding period and …

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Effect Of Castration Time On Feedlot Performance, Carcass Characteristics, And Beef Tenderness, J.W. Homm, T.T. Marston, J.R. Brethour, John A. Unruh Jan 2004

Effect Of Castration Time On Feedlot Performance, Carcass Characteristics, And Beef Tenderness, J.W. Homm, T.T. Marston, J.R. Brethour, John A. Unruh

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Crossbred Angus calves (n=120) were randomly assigned to early-castrated, early-castrated plus implant, and late-castrated treatment groups. After weaning, calves were placed on feed at the Western Kansas Agricultural Research Southeast Agricultural Research Center Station in Hays, Kansas, for finishing. On-feed weights and final weights were similar among treatments. During the first 132 days on feed, the steers castrated early and implanted had a lower average daily gain than early- and late-castration treatments. Early castrates tended (P=0.08) to have a lower feed-to-gain ratio for the first 132 days on feed. Hot carcass weight, internal fat, and marbling scores were not affected …

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The Optimal True-Ileal-Digestible Lysine And Total Sulfur Amino Acid Requirement For Nursery Pigs Between 20 And 50 Lb (2004), J D. Schneider, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2004

The Optimal True-Ileal-Digestible Lysine And Total Sulfur Amino Acid Requirement For Nursery Pigs Between 20 And 50 Lb (2004), J D. Schneider, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

An experiment was conducted with 360 pigs (PIC, avg BW = 22.7 lb) to determine the appropriate true-ileal-digestible (TID) lysine and total sulfur amino acid (TSAA) requirement of nursery pigs, and consequently to determine the optimal TSAA-to-lysine ratio. This trial was organized as a combination of two simultaneous experiments, with one set of diets consisting of five treatments with increasing TID lysine (0.9, 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, and 1.3%) and the second set of diets consisting of five treatments with increasing TID TSAA (0.56, 0.62, 0.68, 0.74, and 0.81%). The highest concentrations of both lysine and TSAA (1.3% and 0.81%, respectively) …

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Using Regumate To Control Estrus In Swine (2004), Duane L. Davis Jan 2004

Using Regumate To Control Estrus In Swine (2004), Duane L. Davis

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Altrenogest, marketed for use in horses as Regumate, is a synthetic progestin that is marketed for use in pigs as MATRIX. It effectively regulates the occurrence of estrus in randomly cycling gilts if it is provided for 14 or more days at a daily dose of 15 mg/day. It is important to assure that each gilt receives her full dose; otherwise problems of cystic follicles and reduced fertility may be observed.; Swine Day, 2004, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 2004

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The Optimal True-Ileal-Digestible Lysine And Total Sulfur Amino Acid Requirement For Finishing Pigs Fed Paylean® (2004), N Z. Frantz, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2004

The Optimal True-Ileal-Digestible Lysine And Total Sulfur Amino Acid Requirement For Finishing Pigs Fed Paylean® (2004), N Z. Frantz, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 1887 pigs (PIC 337 × C22; 213 lb initial BW) were used in a 28-d growth assay to simultaneously examine both the true-ileal-digestible (TID) lysine and TID total sulfur amino acid (TSAA) requirements. The objective was to determine the appropriate TID TSAA-to-lysine ratio in finishing pigs fed Paylean® (4.5 g/ton) to maximize growth performance and carcass composition. Four TID lysine (0.66. 0.79, 0.92, and 1.05%) and four TID TSAA (0.47, 0.52, 0.57, and 0.63%) concentrations were evaluated. The highest lysine and TSAA concentrations were combined in the same diet, and there were eleven or twelve replicate pens …

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Evaluation Of The Optimal True-Ileal-Digestible Lysine And Threonine Requirement For Nursery Pigs (2004), N A. Lenehan, J L. Usry, C W. Hastad, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2004

Evaluation Of The Optimal True-Ileal-Digestible Lysine And Threonine Requirement For Nursery Pigs (2004), N A. Lenehan, J L. Usry, C W. Hastad, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 1800 pigs (Exp 1, 360; Exp. 2, 1440) were used in two experiments to evaluate the true ileal digestible (TID) lysine and threonine requirement for 24- to 44-lb pigs. In Exp. 1, there were eight pens per treatment, with five pigs (Genetiporc, initially 23.6 lb and 34 d of age) per pen. Experiment 1 was conducted as a combination of two separate trials to simultaneously examine both the TID lysine and threonine requirement, and hence, determine the appropriate threonine-to-lysine ratio. The first part of the trial consisted of five treatments formulated to contain 0.9, 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, …

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Evaluation Of Topical Antioxidants And Packaging Materials To Decrease The Incidence Of Bone Discoloration In Pork Retail Cuts (2004), C R. Raines, Michael E. Dikeman Jan 2004

Evaluation Of Topical Antioxidants And Packaging Materials To Decrease The Incidence Of Bone Discoloration In Pork Retail Cuts (2004), C R. Raines, Michael E. Dikeman

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Color characteristics were evaluated on 48 pork backbones. After 6 d postmortem, six 1- inch-thick sections of lumbar vertebrae were cut from each backbone. Lumbar vertebrae were treated with different concentrations of ascorbic acid, with combination treatments of ascorbic acid and natural antioxidants, or left untreated. Bones were packaged in one of three systems: high-oxygen modifiedatmosphere packaging (MAP), ultra-lowoxygen MAP, or polyvinyl chloride (PVC) overwrap trays. Bones were visually evaluated by a trained panel on d 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 8. Lightness (L*) was also measured on d 0, 2, and 8 of display. After 8 d …

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Effects Of Increasing Extruded Soy-Protein Concentrate On Growth Performance Of Nursery Pigs (2004), N A. Lenehan, N Z. Frantz, C N. Groesbeck, K R. Lawrence, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2004

Effects Of Increasing Extruded Soy-Protein Concentrate On Growth Performance Of Nursery Pigs (2004), N A. Lenehan, N Z. Frantz, C N. Groesbeck, K R. Lawrence, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two hundred and forty barrows and gilts (initially 13.0 lb and 18 ± 2 d of age at weaning) were blocked by initial weight and were allotted randomly to one of five dietary treatments. There were eight replications (pens) per treatment, with six pigs per pen. Pigs were fed experimental diets from d 0 to 14 after weaning that included a control diet containing 40% soybean meal and diets containing 7.1, 14.3, 21.4, or 28.6% extruded soy-protein concentrate. From d 14 to 28, all pigs were fed a similar diet to determine if any carry-over effects existed from the treatment …

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Effect Of Dietary L-Carnitine And Ractopamine-Hcl (Paylean) On The Metabolic Response To Handling In Growing-Finishing Pigs (2004), B W. James, J C. Woodworth, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2004

Effect Of Dietary L-Carnitine And Ractopamine-Hcl (Paylean) On The Metabolic Response To Handling In Growing-Finishing Pigs (2004), B W. James, J C. Woodworth, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two experiments (384 pigs) were conducted to determine the interactive effect of dietary L-carnitine and ractopamine·HCl (Paylean) on the metabolic response to handling. Experiments were arranged as split plots, with handling as the main plot and diet as subplots (4 pens/treatment). Dietary Lcarnitine (0 or 50 ppm) was fed from 85 lb to the end of the trials (260 lb) and Paylean (0 or 20 ppm) was fed for the last 4 wk of each trial. At the end of each trial, two pigs per pen were assigned to one of two handling treatments. Gentle-handled pigs were moved at a …

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Effect Of Carnichrome® On Growth Performance Of Weanling Pigs In A Commercial Environment (2004), N Z. Frantz, J C. Woodworth, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2004

Effect Of Carnichrome® On Growth Performance Of Weanling Pigs In A Commercial Environment (2004), N Z. Frantz, J C. Woodworth, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A 43-day growth study with a total of 384 weanling pigs (14 ± 2 d of age) was conducted to evaluate the effects of Carnichrome®, a combination of L-carnitine and chromium picolinate, on growth performance of weanling pigs. Secondary objectives were to compare pigs fed diets with or without a feed-grade medication, evaluate any interactive effects between Carnichrome and medication, and identify any carryover effect once medication was withdrawn from the diet. Experimental diets were arranged in a 2 × 3 factorial to compare the main effects of medication (none or Denagard/CTC, 35/400 g/ton) and Carnichrome (none, 25, and 100, …

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Comparison Of Heart Girth Or Flank-To-Flank Measurements For Predicting Sow Weight (2004), T Iwasawa, M G. Young, T P. Keegan, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2004

Comparison Of Heart Girth Or Flank-To-Flank Measurements For Predicting Sow Weight (2004), T Iwasawa, M G. Young, T P. Keegan, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Joel M. Derouchey, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

In previous Swine Day Reports we have demonstrated that feeding sows in gestation on the basis of body weight and backfat thickness is more precise and economical than methods of feeding based on visual observation of body-condition score. To simplify the weight and backfat procedure, we have estimated sow weight based on the correlation between heart girth (circumference of the sow measured behind the front legs) and weight. The objective of this study was to determine if a different sow measurement, flank to flank, would be as accurate as the heart-girth measurement. Sows were weighed and measured behind the front …

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2004 Agricultural Research Southeast Agricultural Research Center, Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station And Cooperative Extension Service Jan 2004

2004 Agricultural Research Southeast Agricultural Research Center, Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station And Cooperative Extension Service

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

No abstract provided.

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Feedlot Performance And Carcass Traits Of Serially Slaughtered Finishing Heifers, R.L. Hale, G.L. Bishop, J.R. Brethour, T.T. Marston Jan 2004

Feedlot Performance And Carcass Traits Of Serially Slaughtered Finishing Heifers, R.L. Hale, G.L. Bishop, J.R. Brethour, T.T. Marston

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two experiments were conducted at the KSU Agricultural Research Southeast Agricultural Research Center Center, Hays, Kansas, to measure feedlot gain and carcass traits of serially slaughtered, yearling crossbred heifers. In Exp. 1, 159 heifers averaging 792 lbs were randomly assigned to one of four slaughter groups, and slaughtered at 21-day intervals beginning at 92 days on feed. In Exp. 2, 181 heifers averaging 759 lbs were randomly assigned to one of four slaughter groups, and slaughtered at intervals of 19, 23 and 21 day, respectively, starting at 127 days. In both experiments, final weight, gain, and carcass weight increased with …

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Effect Of Freezing The Beef Longissimus Muscle On Warner-Bratzler Shear Force, J.W. Homm, John A. Unruh Jan 2004

Effect Of Freezing The Beef Longissimus Muscle On Warner-Bratzler Shear Force, J.W. Homm, John A. Unruh

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Seventy-two ribeye rolls (IMPS 112) were used to compare Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF) from fresh steaks and previously frozen steaks. Ribeye rolls were aged (32ºF) in vacuum-packaged bags for 14 days postmortem and fabricated into 1-inch thick longissimus muscle (ribeye) steaks. Steaks from each ribeye roll were either cooked fresh (158ºF) or stored at -20ºF before they were thawed and cooked for WBSF determination. Sensory panel determinations were also conducted on steaks stored frozen before cooking. Previously frozen steaks had lesser WBSF values (were more tender) than fresh (not previously frozen) steaks. Sensory panel attributes of myofibrillar tenderness, connective tissue …

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Feeding L-Carnitine To Gestating Sows Alters The Insulin-Like Growth-Factor System In Cultured Porcine Embryonic Muscle Cells Isolated From Fetal Skeletal Muscle (2004), A T. Waylan, B J. Johnson, D P. Gnad, J C. Woodworth Jan 2004

Feeding L-Carnitine To Gestating Sows Alters The Insulin-Like Growth-Factor System In Cultured Porcine Embryonic Muscle Cells Isolated From Fetal Skeletal Muscle (2004), A T. Waylan, B J. Johnson, D P. Gnad, J C. Woodworth

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The objective was to determine the effects of L-carnitine on cell proliferation and on messenger RNA (mRNA) concentrations in the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system. Cultured porcine embryonic myoblasts (PEM) were isolated from fetuses at mid-gestation from sows fed a common gestation diet with a 50-g top dress of 0 (control, n = 6) or 100 mg of L-carnitine (n = 6). Proliferation of PEM was evaluated at 36, 48, 60, and 72 h postplating. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to determine growth factor mRNA concentrations in culture. The number of cells/cm2 did not differ (P>0.05) from sows fed …

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Effects Of Increasing Pantothenic Acid On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finish Pigs Reared In A Commercial Environment (2004), C N. Groesbeck, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2004

Effects Of Increasing Pantothenic Acid On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Finish Pigs Reared In A Commercial Environment (2004), C N. Groesbeck, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 1080 pigs (PIC), initially 89.0 ± 5.1 lb were used to determine the effects of increasing pantothenic acid on growth performance and carcass characteristics of growfinish pigs. Pigs were blocked by weight and gender, and were randomly allotted to treatment. Pigs were fed, in meal form, the experimental corn-soybean meal, added-fat diets in four phases. Dietary treatments consisted of a control diet (no added pantothenic acid), or the control diet with 22.5, 45.0, or 90.0 ppm added pantothenic acid from d-calcium pantothenate. Dietary treatments were fed from d 0 to 98 (89.0 to 272.5 lb). The first …

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