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Journal

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

2003

Dairy Science

Keyword

Articles 1 - 12 of 12

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Effect Of Soaking And Misting On Respiration Rate, Body Surface Temperature, And Body Temperature Of Heat Stressed Dairy Cattle, Joseph P. Harner, John F. Smith, A.K. Hammond, W.F. Miller Jan 2003

Effect Of Soaking And Misting On Respiration Rate, Body Surface Temperature, And Body Temperature Of Heat Stressed Dairy Cattle, Joseph P. Harner, John F. Smith, A.K. Hammond, W.F. Miller

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Reducing heat stress is a key issue for dairy producers. Use of feedline soaking and supplemental airflow effectively reduces heat stress and increases milk production and profitability. High-pressure misting allows water to evaporate in the air, reduces air temperature, and increases relative humidity. Misting also soaks the skin of cattle, resulting in additional cooling as water evaporates from skin surfaces, similar to the cooling effect of feedline soaking. Impact of soaking frequency (5-, 10-, or 15-minute intervals) was compared to continuous high-pressure misting. Cows cooled with either system had lower respiration rates, body surface temperatures, and internal body temperatures than …

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Cow Comfort Through The Transition Period, John F. Smith, Joseph P. Harner, Michael J. Brouk Jan 2003

Cow Comfort Through The Transition Period, John F. Smith, Joseph P. Harner, Michael J. Brouk

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Managing transition cows is a significant problem on dairy farms. The issues include nutritional considerations, stocking rates, metabolic disorders, heat stress, and access to feed and water. Often management of transition cows is limited to nutritional considerations. Facilities, grouping strategies, stocking rates, heat stress, and access to feed and water also have a dramatic impact on milk production, herd health, culling rates, and reproductive efficiency. Often nutritional benefits can be negated by not managing cow comfort issues. Producers can improve profitability by managing those variables.; Dairy Day, 2003, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 2003;

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Clinical Mastitis Perceptions Of Kansas Dairy Producers, J.R. Roberson Jan 2003

Clinical Mastitis Perceptions Of Kansas Dairy Producers, J.R. Roberson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Mastitis is considered the most costly disease in the U.S. dairy industry. Treatment of clinical mastitis is the major reason for antibiotic contamination of products on U.S. dairy farms. A survey of 183 dairy producers was conducted to determine their perceptions regarding clinical mastitis treatments and what constituted their treatment regimens. Results indicated that 33% of dairy producers used a coliform vaccine, 10% used a Staphylococcus aureus vaccine, and 38% did no prestripping before milking cows. Obtaining a clinical cure (restoration of normal milk) was considered the most important aspect of mastitis treatment success (110/183; 60%) compared to bacteriological cure …

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Comparison Of Three Fresh Cow Feeding Programs, W.F. Miller, Evan C. Titgemeyer, A.F. Park, M.V. Burgos Jan 2003

Comparison Of Three Fresh Cow Feeding Programs, W.F. Miller, Evan C. Titgemeyer, A.F. Park, M.V. Burgos

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We evaluated the impact on performance of top dressing a based total mixed ration (TMR) with long-stem alfalfa hay with or without additional dry-rolled corn to the lactating cow diet during the first 5 days postpartum. The three dietary treatments and numbers of cows assigned to each diet were: 1) total mixed ration (TMR; n = 19); 2) TMR + long-stem alfalfa hay (TMR + A; n= 20); and 3) TMR + long-stemmed alfalfa hay + dry-rolled corn (TMR + A + C; n = 20). Top dressing the lactating TMR with long-stem alfalfa hay with or without dry-rolled corn …

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Variations In The Ovsynch Protocol Alter Pregnancy Rates In Lactating Dairy Cows, M.A. Portaluppi, Jeffrey S. Stevenson Jan 2003

Variations In The Ovsynch Protocol Alter Pregnancy Rates In Lactating Dairy Cows, M.A. Portaluppi, Jeffrey S. Stevenson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Initiation of the Ovsynch protocol at random stages of the estrous cycle produces differences in synchronization and pregnancy rates. Use of two injections of PGF2αadministered 14 days apart, with the second injection given 12 days before initiating the Ovsynch protocol increased the percentage of cows that start the Ovsynch protocol at a more desirable stage of the estrous cycle (e.g., between days 5 and 13). In this experiment, after applying the Presynch-Ovsynch protocol, timing of the second injection of GnRH and insemination were altered to determine their effect on pregnancy rates. Cows that received the second GnRH injection at the …

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Fresh Cow Health Issues, Jerry D. Olson Jan 2003

Fresh Cow Health Issues, Jerry D. Olson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The post-calving period is a critical time in a cow's life. The first few weeks post-calving pose the highest risk period for a number of diseases including milk fever, mastitis, metritis, pneumonia, retained fetal membranes, ketosis, and displaced abomasum. Post-calving diseases adversely affect dry matter intake, peak milk production, and reproductive performance, in addition to increasing the risk of involuntary culling and death. Consequences of disease can be costly. The ideal strategy is to minimize losses associated with disease by preventing their occurrence. However, even with the best management practices in place, it is impossible to prevent all post-calving diseases. …

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Small-Sized Milk Processing Plant Considerations, B. Macias Rosario, L. Mcvay, Fadi M. Aramouni, Karen A. Schmidt Jan 2003

Small-Sized Milk Processing Plant Considerations, B. Macias Rosario, L. Mcvay, Fadi M. Aramouni, Karen A. Schmidt

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Milk is widely considered one of the world's most valuable foods. As a raw material, it is available in various forms, and is found in an ever-increasing variety of nutritional products. Milk is a complex biological fluid consisting of the following components: water (87.4%), sugar or lactose (4.8%), fat (3.7%), protein (3.4%), minerals (0.7%), as well as minute amounts of vitamins. This document presents the standards, process needs, and labeling requirements of pasteurized fluid milk for the state of Kansas.; Dairy Day, 2003, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 2003;

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Leptospirosis: A New Perspective On An Old Disease, Jerry Olson Jan 2003

Leptospirosis: A New Perspective On An Old Disease, Jerry Olson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Disease causing Leptospira can be placed in one of two broad categories for common domesticated mammals: They are either hostadapted or incidental strains. The four incidental serovars of Leptospira that are pathogenic to cattle are: L. pomona, L. grippotyphosa, L. canicola and L. icterhemmorhagiae. They are transmitted to cattle from other carrier animals that act as hosts for these strains. The strains are found in chronically infected rats, dogs, deer, or even pigs and are transmitted to cattle though urine-contaminated water. When the incidental strains of Leptospira are introduced into an unvaccinated, susceptible herd of cattle, they commonly cause an …

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Developing And Using Monitoring Programs For Fresh Cows, John F. Smith, Joseph P. Harner, Michael J. Brouk Jan 2003

Developing And Using Monitoring Programs For Fresh Cows, John F. Smith, Joseph P. Harner, Michael J. Brouk

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Metabolic disorders and related health problems are a significant problem on dairy farms, resulting in increased culling and decreased profitability for producers. Early detection and treatment of disorders and disease is critical in minimizing losses and increasing probability of cow recovery. Fresh cow monitoring systems that evaluate several key factors "“ general appearance, body temperature, intake or appetite, rumen motility, milk production, and milk or urine concentrations of ketones "“ are necessary for early detection of disorders and disease. Most of these problems occur within the first 3 weeks of lactation, with most occurring during the first 10 days. Developing …

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Effect Of Two New Teat Dip Preparations On Teat Condition, Somatic Cell Count, And Incidence Of Mastitis Under Natural Exposure, E.L. Burkitt, W.F. Miller, Michael V. Scheffel, Evan C. Titgemeyer Jan 2003

Effect Of Two New Teat Dip Preparations On Teat Condition, Somatic Cell Count, And Incidence Of Mastitis Under Natural Exposure, E.L. Burkitt, W.F. Miller, Michael V. Scheffel, Evan C. Titgemeyer

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Application of an iodophor teat dip before and after milking is a common practice in the dairy industry as an effective method of preventing mastitis by reducing microbial populations at the teat end. Overall effectiveness of a teat dip is a function of its ability to reduce the microbial population and maintain a pliable teat skin condition. The objective of this study was to evaluate a new conditioning component in iodophor teat dips containing either 0.5% or 1.0% iodine. Two experiments were conducted during late winter (133 cows) and during summer (104 cows) to evaluate two new iodophor teat dips …

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Transition Cow Nutrition And Management, John E. Shirley Jan 2003

Transition Cow Nutrition And Management, John E. Shirley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Dairy cows are generally provided with a 60-day dry period. The first part of the dry period is called the "far-off dry period" beginning at dry off and continuing until 21 days before projected calving date. The second part of the dry period is called the "close-up dry period" beginning at 21 days before projected calving date and ending at parturition. Diets formulated for far-off dry cows are generally high in forage and are designed to support body maintenance and fetal growth. Rumen function and microbial populations adjust to these diets by the end of the far-off period and require …

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Increasing Milking Frequency In Fresh Cows: Milk Characteristics And Reproductive Performance, Jeffrey S. Stevenson, John E. Shirley Jan 2003

Increasing Milking Frequency In Fresh Cows: Milk Characteristics And Reproductive Performance, Jeffrey S. Stevenson, John E. Shirley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Increased milking frequency during partial or whole lactations increases milk yields, but generally reduces percentages of milk fat and protein. Because of greater milk volume, total fat and protein are not reduced. Combining bovine somatotropin (bST) with increased milking frequency is additive. In other words, milk increases in response to both factors. In some studies, increased milking frequency during early lactation improves udder health, as evidenced by reduced somatic cell scores. Reproductive efficiency generally declines when examined on whole herd basis. When examined in single herds with or without bST, pregnancy rates may not be reduced because of increased milking …

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