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Kansas State University Libraries

2001

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Articles 1 - 30 of 85

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Kansas Fertilizer Research 2000, Ray E. Lamond Jan 2001

Kansas Fertilizer Research 2000, Ray E. Lamond

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

No abstract provided.

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Field Research 2001, Dale L. Fjell Jan 2001

Field Research 2001, Dale L. Fjell

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

No abstract provided.

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Roundup 2001 Jan 2001

Roundup 2001

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Roundup is the major beef cattle education and outreach event sponsored by the Agricultural Research Center-Hays. The purpose is to communicate timely, applicable research information to producers and extension personnel. The research program of the Agricultural Research Center-Hays is dedicated to serving the people of Kansas by developing new knowledge and technology to stabilize and sustain long-term production of food and fiber in a manner consistent with conservation of natural resources, protection of the environment, and assurance of food safety. Primary emphasis is on production efficiency through optimization of inputs in order to increase profit margins for producers in the …

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2001 Agricultural Research Southeast Agricultural Research Center, Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station And Cooperative Extension Service Jan 2001

2001 Agricultural Research Southeast Agricultural Research Center, Kansas State University. Agricultural Experiment Station And Cooperative Extension Service

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

No abstract provided.

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Relationships Among Beef Carcass Quality And Cutability Indicators, T.E. Lawrence, D.A. King, T.H. Montgomery, Michael E. Dikeman Jan 2001

Relationships Among Beef Carcass Quality And Cutability Indicators, T.E. Lawrence, D.A. King, T.H. Montgomery, Michael E. Dikeman

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We evaluated beef carcass data (12th rib fat thickness, hot carcass weight, ribeye area, percentage of kidney-pelvic-heart fat, USDA yield grade, and USDA quality grade) from 60,625 A-maturity steer and heifer carcasses. Data were analyzed to evaluate changes in quality grade with increasing fat thickness, changes in cutability indicators across quality grades, and the association of hot carcass weight with ribeye area. Percentage of USDA Standard and Select carcasses decreased, while Low Choice and Premium Choice increased as fat thickness increased. Percentage of Low Choice remained steady for fat thickness of 0.56 - 0.60 in. and higher. Percentage of yield …

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Carcass Merit Project: Development Of Epds And Genetic Marker Validation, E.J. Pollak, R.D. Green, J. Taylor, S. Davis, T. Holm, S. Koontz, C. Gill, Daniel W. Moser, E.A. Westcott, Michael E. Dikeman Jan 2001

Carcass Merit Project: Development Of Epds And Genetic Marker Validation, E.J. Pollak, R.D. Green, J. Taylor, S. Davis, T. Holm, S. Koontz, C. Gill, Daniel W. Moser, E.A. Westcott, Michael E. Dikeman

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Carcass and Warner-Bratzler shear force data on strip loin steaks have been obtained on over 4,200 cattle from contemporary progeny groups from the most widely used sires in 15 beef cattle breed associations (16 breeds). Trained sensory panel evaluations have been conducted on over 1,500 strip loin steaks from a sample of contemporary progeny groups from sires included in the QTL (quantitative trait loci) validation component of the project. One breed association has published Warner-Bratzler shear force Expected Progeny Differences (EPDs) for 57 sires of two breeds. DNA analyses and screening have been completed for 11 QTL on eight sires …

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The Effects Of Quality Grade, Postmortem Aging, And Blade Tenderization On Warner-Bratzler Shear Force And Cookery Traits Of Biceps Femoris Steaks, B.S. Andrews, John A. Unruh Jan 2001

The Effects Of Quality Grade, Postmortem Aging, And Blade Tenderization On Warner-Bratzler Shear Force And Cookery Traits Of Biceps Femoris Steaks, B.S. Andrews, John A. Unruh

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We used 108 top sirloin butts to determine the influence of quality grades, postmortem aging periods, and blade tenderization passes on percentages of thawing and cooking losses and Warner-Bratzler shear (WBS) force of biceps femoris muscles. Top sirloin butts that qualified for either USDA Select (SEL, n=36), USDA Choice (CHO, n=36), or Certified Angus Beef™ Program (CAB, n=36), were aged for 14 or 21 days and blade tenderized zero (0X), one (1X), or two (2X) times. Steaks with higher quality grades (CHO and CAB) aged for 21 days had lower thawing losses than steaks aged 14 days and than SEL …

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Improving Color Stability Of Beef Top Round, L.M. Sammel, Melvin C. Hunt, Donald H. Kropf Jan 2001

Improving Color Stability Of Beef Top Round, L.M. Sammel, Melvin C. Hunt, Donald H. Kropf

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The beef inside round muscle, especially the deep portion, has poor color stability, a troublesome condition for the meat industry. We examined influences of pre-rigor temperature and pH decline on chemistry of the inside (deep) semimembranosus (ISM) and outside (surface) semimembranosus (OSM) in relation to initial color and stability. Cold-boned ISM had a slower chill rate; faster pH decline; more denatured protein; less metmyoglobin reducing ability, oxygen consumption, and water holding capacity; and a lighter, less stable color than the OSM. Cold-boned steaks were two-toned in color and discolored by day 3 of display. Hotboned ISM and OSM chilled at …

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Rumensin®-Tylan® Combinations In Limit-Fed Growing Diets: Effects On Growing And Finishing Performance And Carcass Characteristics, Sean P. Montgomery, T.B. Farran, J.J. Sindt, C.M. Coetzer, J.N. Pike, A.M. Trater, H.J. Labrune, R.D. Hunter, S.B. Laudert, James S. Drouillard Jan 2001

Rumensin®-Tylan® Combinations In Limit-Fed Growing Diets: Effects On Growing And Finishing Performance And Carcass Characteristics, Sean P. Montgomery, T.B. Farran, J.J. Sindt, C.M. Coetzer, J.N. Pike, A.M. Trater, H.J. Labrune, R.D. Hunter, S.B. Laudert, James S. Drouillard

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Five hundred seventy-two crossbred beef heifers were used to compare gain and feed efficiency of cattle consuming restricted quantities of energy-dense growing diets containing varying concentrations of Rumensin® and Tylan®. Growing treatments consisted of providing Rumensin at 30 grams per ton of dry matter (R30), or 250 mg per head per day (R250). A third treatment consisted of a Rumensin/Tylan combination, providing 250 and 90 mg per head per day of Rumensin and Tylan, respectively (R250/T90). Average daily gain and feed efficiency during the growing phase were not different (P>0.90) among treatments. Heifers that received R250/T90 during the growing …

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Soybean Hulls And Alfalfa For Limit-Fed Cattle, A.M. Trater, C.A. Löest, B.D. Lambert, Evan C. Titgemeyer Jan 2001

Soybean Hulls And Alfalfa For Limit-Fed Cattle, A.M. Trater, C.A. Löest, B.D. Lambert, Evan C. Titgemeyer

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We evaluated the optimal level of alfalfa inclusion in limit-fed, soybean hull-based diets. Steers were fed soybean hull-based diets containing 0 to 30% alfalfa or alfalfa alone. Feed intakes were lower for alfalfa than for soybean hull-based diets. Digestibilities of dry matter and neutral detergent fiber were lower (P<0.05) for alfalfa than for diets containing soybean hulls. Dry matter and neutral detergent fiber digestibilities were similar for different levels of alfalfa in diets containing soybean hulls, although there were positive associative effects between soybean hulls and alfalfa. Rates of liquid passage from the rumen were higher for alfalfa than for soybean hull-containing diets, and increased as alfalfa was added to the soybean hull diets. Solid passage rates also increased with increasing amounts of alfalfa in soybean hull-containing diets. Adding 30% alfalfa to primarily soybean hull diets led to positive associative effects on diet digestibility, but alfalfa additions increased liquid and solid passage rates, suggesting that the benefit was not a result of slower passage of soybean hulls from the rumen.

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Effects Of Wet Corn Gluten Feed And Intake Level On Diet Digestibility And Rumen Passage Rate In Steers, Sean P. Montgomery, J.J. Sindt, T.B. Farran, N.J. Pike, C.M. Coetzer, A.M. Trater, James J. Higgins, James S. Drouillard, Evan C. Titgemeyer Jan 2001

Effects Of Wet Corn Gluten Feed And Intake Level On Diet Digestibility And Rumen Passage Rate In Steers, Sean P. Montgomery, J.J. Sindt, T.B. Farran, N.J. Pike, C.M. Coetzer, A.M. Trater, James J. Higgins, James S. Drouillard, Evan C. Titgemeyer

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Including 40% wet corn gluten feed (WCGF) in the diet increased total tract digestion of organic matter and neutral detergent fiber (P<0.01), reduced total volatile fatty acid concentration (P<0.01), increased rumen NH3 concentration (P<0.01), increased rumen pH, and tended (P<0.06) to increase total tract digestion of starch. Furthermore, WCGF increased rumen passage rate of solid digesta (P<0.01) compared to diets containing no WCGF. Limit feeding reduced total tract digestion of organic matter and neutral detergent fiber (P<0.01), decreased total volatile fatty acid concentration (P<0.01), increased rumen NH3 concentration (P<.01), increased rumen pH at 0 and 12 hours after feeding, reduced rumen pH at 4 hours after feeding, and increased rumen liquid passage rate (P<0.02).

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Factors Affecting Beef Demand, J. Mintert, Ted C. Schroeder, T. Marsh Jan 2001

Factors Affecting Beef Demand, J. Mintert, Ted C. Schroeder, T. Marsh

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We investigated factors that have affected beef demand over the last two decades. Beef demand is typically modeled as a function of beef prices, competing meat prices, prices of all other goods, and consumer expenditures. Our comprehensive model also investigated the impact on beef demand of food safety issues, health concerns, and changes in consumer lifestyle and demographics. Results from this analysis help explain changes in beef demand that occurred during the 1980s and 1990s. First, consumer concerns about food safety, as measured by increases in beef recalls, had a negative impact on beef demand over the last two decades. …

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Timed-Insemination Of Beef Heifers Using Cosynch With Or Without Mga, T.A. Wickersham, R.C. Cochran, David M. Grieger Jan 2001

Timed-Insemination Of Beef Heifers Using Cosynch With Or Without Mga, T.A. Wickersham, R.C. Cochran, David M. Grieger

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Our purpose was to determine if feeding melengesterol acetate (MGA) for 1 week in combination with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and prostaglandin-F2" (PGF) would better synchronize heifers for timed artificial insemination. Sixty-nine yearling beef heifers received an injection of GnRH 7 days before receiving an injection of PGF. Half of the heifers were fed MGA between the GnRH and PGF injections (Cosynch+MGA), whereas the remaining heifers were not (Cosynch). All heifers were given a second GnRH injection 2 days after PGF and inseminated at that time. Pregnancy rate for the Cosynch group (43%) was greater (P<0.05) than that for the Cosynch+MGA group (15%). This experiment suggests that short-term feeding (7 days) of MGA in concert with a Cosynch protocol was detrimental to fertility in beef heifers.

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Resynchronization Of Estrus With Progesterone And Estrogen In Previously Inseminated Beef Cows, M.A. Medina-Britos, A.M. Richardson, G.C. Lamb, B.A. Hensley, T.J. Marple, Jeffrey S. Stevenson, Sandra K. Johnson Jan 2001

Resynchronization Of Estrus With Progesterone And Estrogen In Previously Inseminated Beef Cows, M.A. Medina-Britos, A.M. Richardson, G.C. Lamb, B.A. Hensley, T.J. Marple, Jeffrey S. Stevenson, Sandra K. Johnson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A study was conducted in 609 beef cows to determine whether or not estrus might be resynchronized in previously inseminated beef cows to accommodate a second artificial insemination (AI) early in the breeding season. Previously inseminated cows were treated for 7 days with progesterone (via a previously used intravaginal progesterone-releasing insert [CIDR]) beginning 13 days after AI. In addition, injections of estrogen (estradiol benzoate [EB] or estradiol cypionate [ECP]) were given at insertion and removal of the CIDR insert. Rates of return to estrus and total pregnancy rates were increased after treatments with progesterone and estrogen compared with controls. No …

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Branched-Chain Amino Acids For Growing Cattle Limit-Fed Diets Based On Soybean Hulls, C.A. Löest, B.D. Lambert, A.M. Trater, Evan C. Titgemeyer Jan 2001

Branched-Chain Amino Acids For Growing Cattle Limit-Fed Diets Based On Soybean Hulls, C.A. Löest, B.D. Lambert, A.M. Trater, Evan C. Titgemeyer

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

This study evaluated the effects of branched-chain amino acids on nitrogen retention and plasma branched-chain amino acid concentrations. Five ruminally cannulated Holstein steers (387 lb) were used in a 5 x 5 Latin square. Steers were limit-fed soybean hull-based diets twice daily (7.5 lb/day, as fed basis). Energy in the form of acetate (400 grams/day) was continuously infused into the rumen. Treatments were continuous abomasal infusions of 1) 115 grams/day of a mixture of 10 amino acids, 2) 10 amino acid mix with leucine removed, 3) 10 amino acid mix with isoleucine removed, 4) 10 amino acid mix with valine …

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Southwest Research-Extension Center, Field Day 2001 Jan 2001

Southwest Research-Extension Center, Field Day 2001

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Report of agricultural research from Southwest Research-Extension Center of Kansas State University.

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Utilizing Infrared Thermography To Predict Pork Quality (2001), T E. Lawrence, M F. Spire, Michael E. Dikeman, Melvin C. Hunt, S B. Hogge, B W. James Jan 2001

Utilizing Infrared Thermography To Predict Pork Quality (2001), T E. Lawrence, M F. Spire, Michael E. Dikeman, Melvin C. Hunt, S B. Hogge, B W. James

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Three experiments using 63 pigs were conducted to determine if infrared thermography could segregate pigs based on subsequent pork quality. Pigs were subjectively classified as either "hot" or "normal" based on infrared surface temperature of the loin region prior to slaughter. In the first experiment 18 market weight pigs were transported, imaged by infrared thermography and slaughtered immediately after 1 to 4 h of lairage. Differences in meat quality were detected; hot pigs had lower a* (less red) and chroma (less intense red color) values, and higher hue angle (less red/more yellow) values, all of which indicate paler muscle color. …

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Influence Of Increasing Niacin On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Grow-Finish Pigs Reared In A Commercial Environment (2001), D E. Real, E Alonso, Jim L. Nelssen, John A. Unruh, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2001

Influence Of Increasing Niacin On Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics Of Grow-Finish Pigs Reared In A Commercial Environment (2001), D E. Real, E Alonso, Jim L. Nelssen, John A. Unruh, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

There were 1,243 growing pigs used to determine the effects of increasing dietary niacin on growth performance and meat quality of pigs reared in a commercial environment. The dietary treatments consisted of a control diet (no added niacin) or the control diet with 12.5, 25, 50, 100, or 500 g/ton of added niacin. Increasing dietary niacin decreased ADFI and improved F:G for the overall study. Increasing dietary niacin improved carcass shrink, ultimate pH, drip loss percentage, and loin color. Increasing dietary niacin up to 50 ppm improved feed efficiency, but higher concentrations (up to 50 ppm) decreased carcass shrink, and …

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Effects Of A Direct Fed Microbial (Dmf-4) And In-Feed Antimicrobials On Pig Performance In A Commercial Finishing Facility (2001), R G. Main, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2001

Effects Of A Direct Fed Microbial (Dmf-4) And In-Feed Antimicrobials On Pig Performance In A Commercial Finishing Facility (2001), R G. Main, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 1,000 barrows were used in a 98-day trial conducted in a commercial research facility to determine the influence of a direct fed microbial with and without intermittent treatments of oxytetracycline (OTC) at 400 g/ton. The direct fed microbial was compared to a negative (no feed antimicrobial) and positive control (bacitracin methylene diasalicylate (BMD) at 30 g/ton, alternated with intermittent treatments of OTC at 400 g/ton). No significant differences between the four treatments were observed for any of the growth, efficiency, or carcass parameters evaluated. These results suggest that further work in quantifying the effects of routinely utilizing …

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Effects Of Feeding Graded Levels Of Ractopamine (Paylean Tm) On Pig Performance In A Commercial Finishing Facility (2001), R G. Main, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2001

Effects Of Feeding Graded Levels Of Ractopamine (Paylean Tm) On Pig Performance In A Commercial Finishing Facility (2001), R G. Main, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 880 pigs were used in a 21-day trial conducted in a commercial research facility to determine the influence of feeding graded levels (0, 4.5, 6.75, and 9.0 g/ton) of ractopamine HCl (PayleanTM, Elanco Animal Health) on pig performance and carcass composition. Ractopamine supplementation improved ADG 17 to 22% and F/G 12 to 20%. Increasing ractopamine dosages resulted in improved F/G, but similar ADG. With the exception of a tendency to increase yield, carcass parameters were not different among treatments. Ractopamine supplementation resulted in improved economic returns ($2.55 to $3.20/pig), which were due to the improvements in carcass …

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Effects Of Soybean Meal Particle Size On Growth Performance Of Nursery Pigs (2001), K R. Lawrence, C W. Hastad, M J. Webster, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2001

Effects Of Soybean Meal Particle Size On Growth Performance Of Nursery Pigs (2001), K R. Lawrence, C W. Hastad, M J. Webster, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 360 pigs were used in two experiments to determine the effects of decreasing particle size of soybean meal on nursery pig performance. In Exp. 1, pigs were fed diets containing 34% extrudedexpelled soybean meal ground to 965, 742, or 639 microns. In Exp. 2, pigs were fed the same diet containing solvent extracted soybean meal ground to 1226, 797, or 444 microns. Decreasing soybean meal particle size did not influence pig growth performance in either study.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 15, 2001

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The Relationship Between Body Condition Score And Backfat In Gestating Sows (2001), M G. Young, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2001

The Relationship Between Body Condition Score And Backfat In Gestating Sows (2001), M G. Young, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Backfat and body condition score were measured on 731 sows in a commercial swine facility to assess the accuracy of feeding sows in gestation based on body condition score. Body condition score was poorly correlated (r2 = 0.19) with backfat thickness. For example, sows assessed with a body condition of 3 ranged in backfat from 0.3 to 0.9 in. (7.5 to 23 mm). This illustrates the need to find a more objective method of measuring body condition (such as ultrasound) in order to properly adjust feeding levels and thus reduce variation in backfat of sows.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November …

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A Comparison Of Different Particle Size Analysis Techniques (2001), A L. Baldridge, T L. Stainbrook, J C. Woodworth, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband Jan 2001

A Comparison Of Different Particle Size Analysis Techniques (2001), A L. Baldridge, T L. Stainbrook, J C. Woodworth, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

In this study, we compared different methods of testing particle size of ground corn. Forty-four corn samples were analyzed for particle size with a Ro-Tap tester equipped with a 13-sieve stack (53 to 3,350 :m tyler mesh screens). Mean particle size of the 44 samples ranged from 422 to 1,143 :m. These samples were then analyzed by placing 280 g on a #14 sieve (1,400 :m). The sieve was shaken by hand as the manufacturer recommended (one-sieve method). In a second procedure, samples were analyzed by placing 50 g of corn on a stack of three sieves: US #12 (1700 …

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Evaluation Of Ground Corn Germ As An Energy Source In Nursery Diets (2001), C W. Hastad, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2001

Evaluation Of Ground Corn Germ As An Energy Source In Nursery Diets (2001), C W. Hastad, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two hundred eighty nursery pigs (initially 30.9 lb) were used in a 21-d growth assay to determine the energy value of ground corn germ relative to corn oil in nursery diets. Increasing dietary corn oil linearly decreased average daily feed intake and improved feed efficiency. However, pigs fed diets containing ground corn germ meal had similar gain and feed efficiency as those fed the corn-soybean meal diet without added fat. These results suggest that the added energy provided by corn germ is not utilized as well as that from corn oil.; Swine Day, Manhattan, KS, November 15, 2001

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Presynchronization Of Estrous Cycles In Dairy Cows Before Ovsynch + Cidr And Resynchronization Of Repeat Estrus Using The Cidr, S.Z. El-Zarkouny, J.A. Cartmill, A.M. Richardson, M.A. Medina-Britos Jan 2001

Presynchronization Of Estrous Cycles In Dairy Cows Before Ovsynch + Cidr And Resynchronization Of Repeat Estrus Using The Cidr, S.Z. El-Zarkouny, J.A. Cartmill, A.M. Richardson, M.A. Medina-Britos

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Postpartum anestrus is one of the major limitations to achieving acceptable pregnancy rates. The Ovsynch protocol is an excellent tool to improve reproductive efficiency of dairy cows because it can induce estrous cycles in anestrous cows. In the first experiment, administering two PGF2" injections to lactating dairy cows 14 days apart with the second injection given 12 days before the Ovsynch protocol increased (P<0.05) pregnancy rate by 10 percentage points in cycling and noncycling cows. Inserting a progesterone-releasing insert (CIDR) for 7 days during the Ovsynch protocol did not further increase pregnancy rates. In a second experiment, a resynchronization treatment consisting of a used CIDR inserted for 7 days from days 13 to 20 after insemination increased (P<0.05) embryo survival from day 30 to 58 by 11 percentage points but failed to increase overall rate of return to estrus and conception rate at the second AI (first eligible estrus after first AI).; Dairy Day, 2001, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 2001;

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Influence Of Dietary Niacin On Starter Pig Performance (2001), D E. Real, B W. James, E Alonso, Jim L. Nelssen, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz Jan 2001

Influence Of Dietary Niacin On Starter Pig Performance (2001), D E. Real, B W. James, E Alonso, Jim L. Nelssen, Michael D. Tokach, Robert D. Goodband, Joel M. Derouchey, Steven S. Dritz

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two experiments were conducted using 415 weanling pigs (175 in Exp. 1, 240 in Exp. 2) to determine the influence of dietary niacin inclusion on starter pig performance. Pigs were fed a control diet with no added niacin or the control diet with 25, 50, 75 or 100 g/ton of added niacin. From d 0 to 8, increasing dietary niacin increased ADG and ADFI up to 50 g/ton of added niacin. Overall, pigs fed increasing levels of niacin tended to have improved ADG. These results suggest feeding 50 g/ton of added dietary niacin to complex nursery pig diets to improve …

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Tenderness And Cooking Characteristics Of Beef Cooked By Electric Belt Grill, Forced-Air Convection Oven, Or Electric Broiler, T.E. Lawrence, D.A. King, E. Obuz, E.J. Yancey, Michael E. Dikeman Jan 2001

Tenderness And Cooking Characteristics Of Beef Cooked By Electric Belt Grill, Forced-Air Convection Oven, Or Electric Broiler, T.E. Lawrence, D.A. King, E. Obuz, E.J. Yancey, Michael E. Dikeman

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We used an electric belt grill, a forced-air convection oven, and an electric broiler to cook 170 bottom round, 142 brisket, 177 top sirloin, 176 strip loin, and 136 eye of round steaks from USDA Select carcasses to determine the effects of cooking method and muscle on shear force values, cooking traits, and repeatability of duplicate measurements. All cooking treatments allowed differences to be detected (P<0.05) in Warner-Bratzler shear force, although the differences were inconsistent. Shear force values of strip steaks and eye of round steaks were similar across cooking treatments; however, shear force values of bottom round, brisket, and top sirloin steaks were different (P<0.05) among cooking treatments. Based on poor repeatability, shear force values for top sirloin steaks appear unreliable. Poor repeatability for shear force values from steaks cooked by the forced-air convection oven are a result of drastic temperature changes that occur when the doors are opened to remove steaks. We do not recommend using a forced-air convection oven to test treatment effects on shear force values when cooking multiple steaks simultaneously. Belt grill cooking resulted in the highest shear force repeatability R = 0.07 to 0.89) of strip steaks. Electric broiling resulted in acceptable R = 0.60) repeatability of shear force measurements for all classes of steaks. The electric broiler and electric belt grill are both satisfactory cooking methods when measuring shear force of bottom round, brisket, strip loin, and eye of round steaks.

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Temperature Accuracy Of An Electric Belt Grill, A Forced-Air Convection Oven, And An Electric Broiler, T.E. Lawrence, D.A. King, Michael E. Dikeman Jan 2001

Temperature Accuracy Of An Electric Belt Grill, A Forced-Air Convection Oven, And An Electric Broiler, T.E. Lawrence, D.A. King, Michael E. Dikeman

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We evaluated the temperature variation of an electric belt grill set at four temperatures, a forced-air convection oven set at three temperatures, and an electric broiler that has no temperature control. After finding that the actual temperatures of the electric belt grill and the forced-air convection oven were higher than the targeted temperature, we used regression techniques to correct for the temperature biases of both cooking methods. The forced-air convection oven was very precise when the doors were kept closed, as was the electric belt grill after adjustments were made. Temperature of the electric broiler was not consistent across surface …

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Genetic Relationships Among Breeding Soundness Traits In Yearling Bulls, R.A. Christmas, M.F. Spire, J.M. Sargeant, Sharon K. Tucker, Daniel W. Moser Jan 2001

Genetic Relationships Among Breeding Soundness Traits In Yearling Bulls, R.A. Christmas, M.F. Spire, J.M. Sargeant, Sharon K. Tucker, Daniel W. Moser

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Breeding soundness examination data on over 1,200 yearling Angus bulls were analyzed to determine heritability of and genetic relationships among breeding soundness traits. Breeding soundness exam procedures were consistent with those currently recommended by the Society of Theriogenology. Presence of seminal white blood cells (an indicator of seminal vesiculitis), penile warts and persistent frenulums were noted and recorded. Data were adjusted for age at measurement and contemporary group effects. Heritability was high for scrotal circumference, moderate for percentage of abnormalities, low for sperm motility, and near zero for semen white blood cells, persistent frenulum, and penile warts. Genetic correlations between …

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Carcass Merit Traits: Development Of Epds For Warner-Bratzler Shear Force And Dna Marker Validation, E.J. Pollak, R.J. Lipsey, E.A. Westcott, Michael E. Dikeman, Sally L. Stroda Jan 2001

Carcass Merit Traits: Development Of Epds For Warner-Bratzler Shear Force And Dna Marker Validation, E.J. Pollak, R.J. Lipsey, E.A. Westcott, Michael E. Dikeman, Sally L. Stroda

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Warner-Bratzler shear force data on strip loin steaks were obtained on 761 steers from contemporary groups of progeny from the most popular 38 Simmental sires, and 133 steers from nine Simbrah sires. The range for Warner-Bratzler shear force EPDs for the Simmental sires was from -0.51 lb (more tender) to +0.48 lb (less tender). The range in EPDs for the Simbrah sires was from -0.73 to +0.73 lb. In addition, DNA analyses and screening have been completed for 11 quantitative trait loci on several Simmental and Simbrah sires. Information from this project should allow cattle producers to improve carcass traits, …

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