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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Challenges And Opportunities For Revegetation In Areas Dominated By Invasive Annual Grasses, B. A. Mealor, J. A. Crose
Challenges And Opportunities For Revegetation In Areas Dominated By Invasive Annual Grasses, B. A. Mealor, J. A. Crose
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Invasive annual grasses (IAG) are a primary ecological threat to sustainability and ecological integrity of rangelands in the western U.S. While availability of effective tools to control IAG is increasing, ensuring compatibility of control practices with other management practices, such as seeding desirable species, is a critical information need. We summarize a series of studies investigating influences of timing, seeding depth, species selection, and planting timing with various herbicides in sites dominated by invasive annual grasses.
Land Use History And The Build-Up And Decline Of Species Richness In Scandinavian Semi-Natural Grasslands, O. Eriksson, S. A. O. Cousins, R. Lindborg
Land Use History And The Build-Up And Decline Of Species Richness In Scandinavian Semi-Natural Grasslands, O. Eriksson, S. A. O. Cousins, R. Lindborg
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Scandinavian semi-natural grasslands have an exceptionally high small-scale species richness. In the past, these grasslands covered extensive areas but they have declined drastically during the last century. How species richness of semi-natural grasslands was built up during history, and how species respond to land use change, are discussed. The agricultural expansion from the late Iron Age was associated with increasing grassland extent and spatial predictability, resulting in accumulation of species at small spatial scales. Although few species directly depend on management, the specific composition of these grasslands is a product of haymaking and grazing. Grassland fragmentation initially has small effects …
A Scalable And Participatory Sustainable Rangeland Management Toolkit With A Holistic And Multidisciplinary Approach To Rehabilitate Degraded Rangelands, Mounir Louhaichi, Mouldi Gamoun, Sawsan Hassan
A Scalable And Participatory Sustainable Rangeland Management Toolkit With A Holistic And Multidisciplinary Approach To Rehabilitate Degraded Rangelands, Mounir Louhaichi, Mouldi Gamoun, Sawsan Hassan
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Rangelands contribute significantly toward improving livelihoods, offering food security, trade and tourism for pastoral communities. Numerous challenges include poor government policies, loss of indigenous knowledge and top-down approaches toward sustainable rangeland rehabilitation that often fail to consider local development adoption and sustainability. In such situations, effective management is needed for sustainable rangeland ecosystem goods and services in a context characterized by rainfall unreliability, poor soil nutrient status and high uncontrolled grazing. This paper presents a new comprehensive toolkit for identifying and combining suitable and site-specific interventions aimed at reversing the trend of degraded arid rangelands. This toolbox is founded on …
Promoting Rangeland Restoration And Climate Resilience Through Grazing Case Studies, T. D. Hudson, S. A. Hall, G. G. Yorgey, S. Neibergs, M. R. Reeves, S. Jensen
Promoting Rangeland Restoration And Climate Resilience Through Grazing Case Studies, T. D. Hudson, S. A. Hall, G. G. Yorgey, S. Neibergs, M. R. Reeves, S. Jensen
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Cow-calf beef operations are the primary users of the 8.75 million hectares of rangelands in the U.S. Pacific Northwest and will have to adapt to ongoing and future climate change. Management directed toward current rangeland stressors which may be amplified under a changing climate—including fire risk, invasive plants, and droughts—is likely to improve future resilience. And although climate change discussions have become highly politicized, our experience suggests that Pacific Northwest ranchers support "no-regrets” strategies that provide ecological and economic benefits under a variety of future conditions. Our goal is to foster adoption of these strategies by sharing individual success stories. …
Simple Guidelines For Deciding When Soil Variability Does – And Doesn’T – Matter For Rangeland Management And Restoration, Jeff E. Herrick, J. Maynard, B. Bestelmeyer, A. Ganguli, J. Glover, K. Johnson, D. Kimiti, J. Neff, G. Peacock, J. Peters, S. Salley, P. Shaver, K. Shepherd, Z. Stewart, R. Van Den Bosch
Simple Guidelines For Deciding When Soil Variability Does – And Doesn’T – Matter For Rangeland Management And Restoration, Jeff E. Herrick, J. Maynard, B. Bestelmeyer, A. Ganguli, J. Glover, K. Johnson, D. Kimiti, J. Neff, G. Peacock, J. Peters, S. Salley, P. Shaver, K. Shepherd, Z. Stewart, R. Van Den Bosch
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
“Rangelands in most parts of the world are relatively homogenous and can be managed uniformly at the landscape scale” or “rangelands are extremely diverse and require different approaches even at the landscape scale.” Both statements are made frequently by rangelands scientists and managers. Both are correct. Whether or not it is worthwhile to consider soil variability when planning management and restoration at the landscape scale depends on objectives, location, and the management or restoration strategies under consideration. Together these factors determine whether outcomes are likely to be different at different locations in the landscape, and whether those outcomes can be …
Evaluation Of A Number Of Grass Species For Restoring Degraded Semi-Arid Rangelands In Southern Africa, K. Kellner, S. De Wet
Evaluation Of A Number Of Grass Species For Restoring Degraded Semi-Arid Rangelands In Southern Africa, K. Kellner, S. De Wet
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
The biophysical environment is an important determinant of land degradation in both commercial and communal land tenure systems in South Africa. According to a recent study on the status of land degradation, approximately 25% of the total land cover in South Africa is degraded. Several technologies exist to restore the soil and vegetation degraded areas in natural pastures. To improve the production and biodiversity potential for agricultural and conservation uses in these rangelands, a common restoration technology includes the cultivation the eroded and compacted soil surfaces by rip- ploughing and the re-vegetation with high productive, palatable and perennial species. Five …
Status, Management, And Governance Of The Communal Grasslands Of Ethiopia’S Highlands: A Disappearing Asset For Mixed Crop-Livestock Livelihood Systems, Bedasa Eba, Fiona Flintan, Tesfa Getachew, Jason Sircely
Status, Management, And Governance Of The Communal Grasslands Of Ethiopia’S Highlands: A Disappearing Asset For Mixed Crop-Livestock Livelihood Systems, Bedasa Eba, Fiona Flintan, Tesfa Getachew, Jason Sircely
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
There is little documentation about the status, management, and governance of the communal grasslands of Ethiopia’s highlands. However, research being carried out by ILRI (International Livestock Research Institute) in northern Shewa, Amhara region, is highlighting their importance as a critical resource for those farmers engaged in mixed crop-livestock livelihood systems across the highland areas. These grassland areas range from 2 to 200 hectares and can be used by up to four different villages or ‘kebele’ and providing on average 10-20% of livestock feed for local farmers. However, this important resource is rapidly disappearing with encroachment of farming and tree-planting with …
Priority Themes And Issues For The International Year Of Rangelands And Pastoralists, Maryam Niamir-Fuller, James T. O’Rourke, Barbara Hutchinson
Priority Themes And Issues For The International Year Of Rangelands And Pastoralists, Maryam Niamir-Fuller, James T. O’Rourke, Barbara Hutchinson
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
The objective of the International Year of Rangelands and Pastoralism (IYRP) is to increase world-wide awareness and recognition of the value and contributions of rangelands and pastoralists. The aim is to influence country policies, legislation, and programs; and to encourage development, research, extension and educational initiatives that will lead to sustainability of rangelands and pastoral/livestock systems. Although each country should decide on how they would celebrate the IYRP, the adoption of a global framework of 12 monthly themes will help to a) provide suggestions and ideas, b) highlight urgent and topical issues, and c) show how pastoralism and rangelands across …
The Morphological, Crude Protein And In-Vitro Dry Matter Degradability Characterisation Of Nine Native Grass Species For Veld Restoration In Semi-Arid Environment, N. H. Msiza, K. E. Ravhuhali, H. K. Mokoboki, Sydney Mavengahama
The Morphological, Crude Protein And In-Vitro Dry Matter Degradability Characterisation Of Nine Native Grass Species For Veld Restoration In Semi-Arid Environment, N. H. Msiza, K. E. Ravhuhali, H. K. Mokoboki, Sydney Mavengahama
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Pasture production is dependent on results from favourable conditions that allow for stimulation of tillers and absence thereof does not promote the development of tillers. The study sought to investigate the comparative characterisation of the morphology, crude protein and in-vitro dry matter degradability (DMD) of nine native grass species (Anthephora pubescens, Cenchrus ciliaris, Chloris gayana, Dactylis glomerata, Digitaria eriantha, Eragrostis curvula, Festuca arundinacea, Panicum maximum & Themeda triandra), subjected under controlled conditions. Plants were assessed for germination percentage, chlorophyll, number of leaves and tillers, crude protein and in-vitro dry matter degradability (DMD). Data on these parameters was analysed …
Pre- And Post-Degradation Management Of Rangelands: Implications For Sustainable Management, S. K. Tuffa, A. C. Treydte
Pre- And Post-Degradation Management Of Rangelands: Implications For Sustainable Management, S. K. Tuffa, A. C. Treydte
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Rangeland degradation directly affects livestock production, resulting in food insecurity and ecological instability. A shift in vegetation from grass to woody plants has severely affected cattle production in Ethiopian rangelands. Those grass species that are perceived by the pastoralists as highly palatable and desirable are currently decreasing in both quality and quantity. A reason for this decline has been claimed to be degradation owing to overgrazing and climate change. While appropriate management of livestock density in rangelands is essential for sustainable production and grassland ecosystem health, the management of dryland ecosystems is mired in controversy due to the complexity of …
Natural Grassland Of China, Changcun Lin, Tingcheng Zhu
Natural Grassland Of China, Changcun Lin, Tingcheng Zhu
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
No abstract provided.
Test Of Restoration Of Guineo‐Sudanian Pastures Invaded By Chromolaena Odorata And Hyptis Suaveolens In Benin, Brice Sinsin, Valentin Kindomihou, Idrissou Bako, Aliou Saïdou, Marcel Houinato, Jean‐Pierre Essou
Test Of Restoration Of Guineo‐Sudanian Pastures Invaded By Chromolaena Odorata And Hyptis Suaveolens In Benin, Brice Sinsin, Valentin Kindomihou, Idrissou Bako, Aliou Saïdou, Marcel Houinato, Jean‐Pierre Essou
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
No abstract provided.
Role Of Herbicides In Invasive Plant Management Systems, Robert A. Masters, Byron B. Sleugh
Role Of Herbicides In Invasive Plant Management Systems, Robert A. Masters, Byron B. Sleugh
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
No abstract provided.
Restoring Rain Use Efficiency To An Incised Upland Valley System In Namibia Using Filters And Ecosystem Management Understanding (Emu) Principles, K. Shamathe, H. J. R. Pringle, I. Zimmermann
Restoring Rain Use Efficiency To An Incised Upland Valley System In Namibia Using Filters And Ecosystem Management Understanding (Emu) Principles, K. Shamathe, H. J. R. Pringle, I. Zimmermann
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
No abstract provided.
Restoring The Biodiversity Of The Roggeveld‐Renosterveld: Evaluation, Multiplication And Establishment Of Indigenous Plant Species On Old Agricultural Fields, J. C. Botha, C. F. Cupido, N. Visser
Restoring The Biodiversity Of The Roggeveld‐Renosterveld: Evaluation, Multiplication And Establishment Of Indigenous Plant Species On Old Agricultural Fields, J. C. Botha, C. F. Cupido, N. Visser
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
No abstract provided.
A Strategy To Select And Implement Restoration Projects In The Great Basin Desert, Michael Pellant, D. Major
A Strategy To Select And Implement Restoration Projects In The Great Basin Desert, Michael Pellant, D. Major
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
No abstract provided.
Predicting Soil Erosion And Deposition Effects On Plant Establishment: A Key To Increasing Restoration Success, J. E. Herrick, D. P. C. Peters, Brandon T. Bestelmeyer, G. S. Okin, N. K. Hansen, Kris M. Havstad
Predicting Soil Erosion And Deposition Effects On Plant Establishment: A Key To Increasing Restoration Success, J. E. Herrick, D. P. C. Peters, Brandon T. Bestelmeyer, G. S. Okin, N. K. Hansen, Kris M. Havstad
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
No abstract provided.
Revegetation Of Bare Patches In Saline‐Alkali Grassland In Northeast Of China, S. C. Jiang, D. W. Zhou
Revegetation Of Bare Patches In Saline‐Alkali Grassland In Northeast Of China, S. C. Jiang, D. W. Zhou
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
No abstract provided.
Correlations Between Soil Properties And Plant Growth For Special Synthetic Soils Added With Five Components Used In High‐And‐Cut Rock Slopes, Guijuan Gao, Zhongyi Yang
Correlations Between Soil Properties And Plant Growth For Special Synthetic Soils Added With Five Components Used In High‐And‐Cut Rock Slopes, Guijuan Gao, Zhongyi Yang
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
No abstract provided.
Correlations Between Soil Properties And Plant Growth For Special Synthetic Soils Added With Five Components Used In High‐And‐Cut Rock Slopes, Guijuan Gao, Ruihong Han
Correlations Between Soil Properties And Plant Growth For Special Synthetic Soils Added With Five Components Used In High‐And‐Cut Rock Slopes, Guijuan Gao, Ruihong Han
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
No abstract provided.
Significance Of Grasses In Establishment Of Ecological Restoration In Mined Out Degraded Land In Jharia Coalfield, Dhanbad, D. C. Jha, Rajkumar, Harish Pal, Mamta Rani
Significance Of Grasses In Establishment Of Ecological Restoration In Mined Out Degraded Land In Jharia Coalfield, Dhanbad, D. C. Jha, Rajkumar, Harish Pal, Mamta Rani
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
This paper reviews the experience of ecological restoration adopted by Bharat Coking Coal Limited (BCCL), a Miniratna Company, a subsidiary of Coal India Limited, Government of India, Public Sector Undertaking to restore the mined out degraded land in Jharia Coalfield (JCF). JCF is one of the oldest coalfield of India and was mined in an unscientific manner for more than 100 years by the erstwhile private entrepreneurs until it was nationalised in 1972-73, due to which the coalfield was subjected to severe land degradation, mine fires and subsidence. The total degraded land in the JCF in 1986 was 6,294 hectares. …
Vegetation Restoration Patterns After Rangeland Enclosure In Arid Tunisia, Khalil Mseddi, Ahmad Mohajja Al-Shammari, Hossain Sharif, Mohamed Chaieb
Vegetation Restoration Patterns After Rangeland Enclosure In Arid Tunisia, Khalil Mseddi, Ahmad Mohajja Al-Shammari, Hossain Sharif, Mohamed Chaieb
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
In Tunisia arid regions, the increase in the rural populat-ion density, (Le Floc’h et al. 1999) has intensified human pressure on natural resources through ‘‘disturbances’’ such as grazing and wood harvesting, land clearing and ploughing, which largely depend on the annual rainfall. About 10% of the steppe area has been taken over by agriculture, shrinking perennial plant cover and a highly degraded vegetation class (Hanafi and Jauffret 2008). This work assesses the vegetation restoration patterns on a protected agricultural field in Tunisian arid rangeland after 15 years of enclosure and protection against plowing.
Monitoring Of Rehabilitation Of Degraded Rangelands, B. Bouchareb, R. Hammouda, D. Nedjraoui
Monitoring Of Rehabilitation Of Degraded Rangelands, B. Bouchareb, R. Hammouda, D. Nedjraoui
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
The Algerian steppe covers an area of about 20 million ha, and is the barrier between the desert and the Mediterranean region. With more than 20 million sheep, overgrazing is an important issue resulting in continued degradation of the natural resources (Nedjraoui and Bedrani 2008). Trials of the rehabilitation of these ecosystems were undertaken in a participatory process with farmers complemented by some detailed monitoring of the responses in experimental plots (Hammouda 2009; Bouchareb 2012). This study reports on some results of the ecological monitoring and evaluation for a participatory project, in the steppe of South Algiers, conducted by a …
Role Of Competition In Restoring Resource Poor Arid Systems Dominated By Invasive Grasses, S. Mangla, R. L. Sheley, J. J. James, S. R. Radosevich
Role Of Competition In Restoring Resource Poor Arid Systems Dominated By Invasive Grasses, S. Mangla, R. L. Sheley, J. J. James, S. R. Radosevich
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
An understanding of competition intensity and importance may be a useful step in helping managers understands how to prioritize restoration efforts in resource poor environments within the semi-arid steppe. The aims of this study were to quantify the intensity of competition among invasive annual grasses and native perennial bunchgrasses, and determine the importance of competition in explaining variation in target plant biomass and survivorship in a Wyoming big sagebrush steppe community type in southeastern Oregon, USA. Addition series experiments were conducted in 2008 and 2009 among four species. Treatments consisted of monoculture densities of each species to assess intraspecific competition, …
World Interest In Diverse Native Plant Stands, Michael P. Schellenberg, Bili Biligetu, Eric G. Lamb, Jenalee M. Mischkolz
World Interest In Diverse Native Plant Stands, Michael P. Schellenberg, Bili Biligetu, Eric G. Lamb, Jenalee M. Mischkolz
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
The objective of this paper was to provide a brief overview of native plant use and development including examples of native plant research being conducted in Canada. There is increasing interest in native plants in various countries. Currently, native plants are used in reclamation, biomass biofuel production, forage seeding, habitat restoration, and water and soil conservation efforts. Many countries have active programs for native plant preservation and new germplasm development, but seed cost, seed quality, and ease of establishment are still challenges for large-scale use. Many improved native plant germplasms have been released in recent years. In some countries, legislation …
Working On The Railroad: Coastal Streams Prioritization To Inform Restoration Planning, Paul Schlenger, Phil Bloch, Jennifer Griffiths
Working On The Railroad: Coastal Streams Prioritization To Inform Restoration Planning, Paul Schlenger, Phil Bloch, Jennifer Griffiths
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
Puget Sound’s nearshore has been substantially modified since the Industrial Revolution with extensive infrastructure developed along the shoreline. In Washington State, the BNSF railroad right-of-way runs along 52 miles of the shoreline, while another 73 miles of railroad is within 200 feet of the shoreline. In many places, the railroad forms a barrier between the coastal watershed and the shoreline preventing the delivery of water, sediment, wood and organic matter into the nearshore. This creates ongoing degradation of habitat quality in the nearshore, including small estuaries and coastal embayments, which provide important habitat to juvenile Chinook salmon. In addition, the …
Survival Of Hatchery-Origin Juvenile Pinto Abalone (Haliotis Kamtschatkana) Outplanted To Restoration Sites In The San Juan Islands, Henry Carson, Michael Ulrich, Josh Bouma
Survival Of Hatchery-Origin Juvenile Pinto Abalone (Haliotis Kamtschatkana) Outplanted To Restoration Sites In The San Juan Islands, Henry Carson, Michael Ulrich, Josh Bouma
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
The Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, Puget Sound Restoration Fund, and other project partners have outplanted thousands of hatchery-reared pinto abalone in annual cohorts to ten sites in the San Juan Archipelago since 2009. We measured the “success” of each outplant site by the proportion of total juveniles placed that survived to a reproductive size. In winter 2017 surveys we observed a range of successes, from 0% at the worst site to 5.6% at the best. When nearby individuals are included, this success ranges as high as 7.5%. These percentages do not account for the probability of detection for …
Salish Sea Bull Kelp Restoration Research: Local, Regional And International Collaborations, William Heath, Sherryl Bisgrove
Salish Sea Bull Kelp Restoration Research: Local, Regional And International Collaborations, William Heath, Sherryl Bisgrove
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
Bull kelp forests are important nearshore habitats for many fish and invertebrates and are an integral part of the “salmon highway” from river to estuary to ocean and back. In recent decades kelp forests have been in serious decline in the Salish Sea and other coastal regions. Research to improve our understanding of causes of the decline and on restoration methods began in the north Salish Sea in 2011 with a kelp out-planting project by Nile Creek Enhancement Society(NCES) at Hornby Island. NCES and Project Watershed began a collaboration in 2015 with work in the K'omoks Estuary and Cape Lazo …
What's Working To Restore Puget Sound? Connecting Investments, Actions, And Outcomes, Leska S. Fore, Keith Dublanica, Jennifer Johnson, Jessica Archer
What's Working To Restore Puget Sound? Connecting Investments, Actions, And Outcomes, Leska S. Fore, Keith Dublanica, Jennifer Johnson, Jessica Archer
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
Throughout Puget Sound, long-term funding and investment in recovery actions have resulted in measurable improvements. Results from individual projects have been reported anecdotally in terms of improved water quality, habitat condition and wildlife, and salmon populations. Yet our ability to report these positive outcomes to funding agencies has been limited. This is because information and results are scattered across databases maintained by multiple local, state, tribal, and federal agencies. Data sets are typically well curated, but not connected. We have developed a prototype of a web tool that combines information about actions and outcomes to demonstrate the value of investments …
Evaluating Common Trends In Chinook Density And The Influence Of Temperature And Salinity Patterns Among Distributary Channels In A Large River Estuary To Aid Evaluation, Planning, And Prioritization Of Restoration Activities, Joshua Chamberlin, Jason E. Hall, Todd Zackey, Frank Leonetti, Michael Rustay
Evaluating Common Trends In Chinook Density And The Influence Of Temperature And Salinity Patterns Among Distributary Channels In A Large River Estuary To Aid Evaluation, Planning, And Prioritization Of Restoration Activities, Joshua Chamberlin, Jason E. Hall, Todd Zackey, Frank Leonetti, Michael Rustay
Salish Sea Ecosystem Conference
Landscape context is critical in estuary restoration planning and assessment due to the complexity and size of estuaries, and the unique attributes and cumulative effects of individual restoration projects. In addition, the diversity and mobility of estuarine species, in particular juvenile salmon, highlights the importance of landscape position given certain locations in the delta are less accessible to salmon. The Snohomish River delta has been the focus of major estuary restoration efforts in recent years and efforts could result in the largest cumulative estuary restoration action in Puget Sound. While several large projects have been initiated/competed in recent years, information …