Life Sciences Commons^™

Quantatative Analysis Of Microbial Abundance Within Arctic Fjord Sediments Assessed Through Direct Counting, Alex Taylor Swystun

EURēCA: Exhibition of Undergraduate Research and Creative Achievement

Microbes found in the marine sediments are responsible for the production of nearly half of the carbon dioxide found in the atmosphere (Arrigo, 2005). The fjords of Svalbard (79°N) are not considered typical marine sediments because high iron content influences unique subsurface redox chemistry. Radiotracer studies have shown that these sediments contain active bacterial sulfate-reducing communities (Finke et al., 2016). In addition to bacteria, archaeal cells within these sediments have been in aggregates encompassed by sulfate-reducing bacteria (Ravenschlag et al., 2001). These anaerobic organisms participate in mediating environmental biogeochemical cycles, including the oxidation of methane (Ravenschlag et al., 2001) and …

Evidence For The Priming Effect In Single Strain And Simplified Communities Of Estuarine Bacteria, Abigail Amina Edwards

EURēCA: Exhibition of Undergraduate Research and Creative Achievement

Through their transformation of naturally occurring organic matter, coastal marine bacteria play an essential role in carbon cycling. A phenomenon termed the priming effect (PE) occurs when microbial communities remineralize recalcitrant organic matter faster in the presence of labile organic matter and may be prevalent in coastal systems. To understand how microbial community members interact to induce PE, it is essential to first understand the mechanisms underlying PE in single strains and simplified bacterial communities. The effect to which different concentrations and sources of labile carbon stimulated the production of bacterial biomass from riverine organic matter by two marine bacteria …

Clinical And Subclinical Mastitis Causing Pathogens In Tennessee Dairy Cattle, Michelle Marie Untch

EURēCA: Exhibition of Undergraduate Research and Creative Achievement

Milk quality impacts the producers and consumers. Higher milk quality leads to a longer shelf life, improved cheese making ability, and improved taste. Milk quality can be severely impacted by intramammary infections which can result in mastitis. Identifying the common mastitis causing pathogens in milk samples collected from subclinical and clinical mastitis cases can assist the producer in managing mastitis. This can lead to improved milk quality, improved cow health, and reduced need for antibiotics to treat mastitis. This study investigates the prevalence of bacteria causing intramammary infection in dairy cattle of Tennessee. Milk samples were collected from 9 farms …

Histomonas Elisa, Jessica L Martinez

EURēCA: Exhibition of Undergraduate Research and Creative Achievement

Histomonas meleagridis is a protozoan parasite of avians and is the causative agent in Histomonosis, commonly known as Blackhead Disease. Current methods for diagnosing the presence of H. meleagridis are limited to parasite culture or Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to amplify target DNA. This project aims to develop an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for faster and more sensitive diagnosis of Histomonas infections. Cultures of H. meleagridis parasites were purified, and surface antigens were extracted using a spectrum of chemical solutions. The various antigen solutions were subjected to an ELISA, with serum from birds immunized for H. meleagridis as positive controls. …

Evaluating The Impact Of Two Contrasting Tillage Practices On Soil Properties In Central Kentucky, Emily Cook

Posters-at-the-Capitol

Farming practices such as no tillage and plowing can institute change on soil physical and chemical characteristics. In this research, the effects of long-term conventional and no-tillage systems on the selected soil properties were determined in a continuous corn system on a farm with Maury silt loam soil. These samples were taken from University of Kentucky's Research Farm (Spindletop Farm). The field used was tilled in 1969 from bluegrass sod and the first time research was conduced was in 1970. Each plot is 20 ft. by 40 ft. and for many years each plot was split with winter cover crop …

Building Academic/Practitioner Teams For Human Rights Projects: Examples, Lessons Learned, And Pitfalls To Avoid, Theresa Harris

Biennial Conference: The Social Practice of Human Rights

Academics are increasingly interested in getting out of their classrooms and labs to contribute their knowledge, expertise, and resources to help communities develop evidence-based policies. In addition to post-election initiatives such as the March for Science and 314 Action, many academics are joining “without borders”-type programs and organizations that connect academics with opportunities to volunteer their time and talents for “social good.”

One of the longest-running of these is On-call Scientists, an initiative of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) that connects human rights organizations with pro bono scientists across all fields — life, physical, behavioral, and …

Sensory Evaluation On Flavor, Volume, And Texture Of Substituting Amaranth Flour For Wheat Flour In Red Velvet Cupcakes, S. Patrick James

Posters-at-the-Capitol

Celiac disease is becoming more prevalent in today’s society and celiac patients are looking for more gluten-free options to replace wheat-made counterparts. Amaranth is a gluten-free grain that has been introduced in many products for its nutritional benefits, such as improvements in calcium, iron and zinc intake. The purpose of this study was to determine if red velvet cupcakes made with amaranth flour could provide comparable taste, volume and texture to a red velvet cupcake made with wheat flour. Both cupcakes underwent a seed-displacement test, which determined that the amaranth cupcake was comparable in volume. When each sample was presented …

Neuronal Degeneration And Short-Term Memory Impairment After Tbi, Obiamaraije Igwe

Posters-at-the-Capitol

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) was associated with impaired short-term memory with causes of vehicle accidents and falls. Protein plaques containing fibrinogen (Fg), are associated with memory loss. After TBI, Fg in blood was higher than normal (>~2 mg/ml), which resulted in increased Fg in extravascular space. Therefore, Fg bonded to its endothelial receptor intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). Fg then interacted with cellular prion protein (PrPC), which had a strong effect on the loss of memory and cognition. Mechanisms of Fg and PrPC complex formation and its functional implication are not known. This present study tested the level of Fg-PrPC …

Differences Of Soil Properties In Various Agricultural Practices In Western Kentucky, Bailey Webster

Scholars Week

Cropping systems in Kentucky are strongly dominated by corn, tobacco, soybeans and wheat. Various crop management practices affect soil properties resulting in different functional quality of the soil to support crop growth. Crop rotation and tillage practices influence soil properties, and understanding the effect of these practices is essential to maintaining optimal soil environment. Therefore, the objective of this research is to determine the differences of soil properties in various agricultural practices in western Kentucky on soil chemical and physical properties. In addition, soil samples from pasture, wood, and garden practices will be collected to use as a reference for …

Physico-Chemical Properties Of Ginger Oil, Bee Wax And Black Seeds, Qëndresa Istrefi, Rina Krasniqi, Arleta Rifati-Nixha, Kaltrina Kastrati, Fatjonë Krasniqi, Enver Përzhaku

UBT International Conference

We investigated to emphasize the physico-chemical properties of these three compounds: ginger oil, bee wax and black butter oil. After the determination we have come to the conclusion that for the ginger oil the values of the acid number, iodine number, soap and ester number have not changed from the standard values that are allowed. Therefore we conclude that this oil is healthy to be used in our daily diets. The bee wax after undergoing the necessary testing has showed that these chemical values, iodine number, soap and ester number have been deviated from the allowed standard values. However the …

Habitat Of Fruits Plant And Small Fruits In Maqiteva Area, Shkëlzim Ukaj, Hyzer Rizani, Fidan Feka, Shkumbin Shala

UBT International Conference

Our country has a geographic position that enables a combination of climates, dominated by the continental climate with the influence of the Mediterranean climate that penetrates the Drini i Bardhë river.

The purpose of the paper is to inform and motivate citizens to find fruit trees and their importance in our health as they are very rich in vitamins and minerals that enhance our biological immunity. The fruit trees of the forest have been used since ancient times especially to survive, but consuming it has been proven that some of them have relieved them during various diseases or have healed …

Microbiological Analysis Of The Aspergillus Carbonarius And Penicilliumverrucosum In Kosovo Vineyards, Valon Durgati, Aneliya Georgieva, Galena Angelova, Angel Angelova, Zyri Bajrami

UBT International Conference

Through the use of the microbiological semi-selective media (MEA-B and DYSG) for the species Aspergillus carbonarius and Penicillium verrucosum we have analyzed different varieties of the table and wine grapes in the region of Suhareka, south part of Kosovo. The purpose of this scientific work it was to determine through the microbiological analysis the main species of the fungi that produce the micotoxin known as Ochratoxin A. Analysis of the samples was done in the Department of Microbiology, University of Food and Technology, Plovdiv – Bulgaria.

Raw Material Of Plant Origin:Cultivation Tomato Vegetable Plant (Solanum Lycopersicum) In Kosovo, Nexhat Balaj, Emine Daci Zejnullahi, Llazar Haxhinasto

UBT International Conference

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is one of the most widely cultivated crops in the world. Tomatoes contribute to a healthy, well-balanced diet. They are rich in minerals, vitamins, essential amino acids, sugars and dietary fibers. Tomato contains much vitamin B and C, iron and phosphorus. Tomato fruits are consumed fresh in salads or cooked in sauces, soup and meat or fish dishes. They can be processed into purees, juices and ketchup.Tomato is one of the most important and most spread vegetable plants in Kosovo, which has been planted in about 2000 hectares, annually. Have been five hybrids of tomatoes studied (Jaguar, …

Cultivation Of The Potato In Kosovo And Analysis Of Some Quality Parameters, Fidan Feka, Shkëlzim Ukaj, Syzana Aliu, Fjolla Vllasaliu, Sara Selimi, Taulant Vllasaliu, Era Bruqi

UBT International Conference

Potatoes in Kosovo are cultivated in about 10,000 ha with a low average production of 10-12 t /ha and represent one of the main agricultural crops, both for agro-economic, physiological and productive importance, as well as in feeding the population.

The purpose of the study was to research the level of potato cultivation in Kosovo and to determine some toxic elements of potato cultivated in some localities of Kosovo and comparing this level with the standards allowed by the World Health Organization regulation ,also comparing it with the standards allowed by Codex Stan 193-1995, for fruits and vegetables.

Based on …

Determination Of Aerobic Mesophilic Bacteria And Coliforms In Rar Milk In The Region Of Pristhtina, Lipjan And Rahovec, Hyzer Rizani, Besart Jashari, Shkumbin Shala, Magbule Rizani, Erna Sopa, Donjeta Gashi, Miranda Sahiti, Fitore Hoti

UBT International Conference

The microbiological quality of raw milk is key to the quality production of dairy products.

Alternation is a term that describes the change of composition, taste and smell at those points where it is inedible for the consumer. Microbial alternation of milk often involves degradation of proteins, carbohydrates and fats of organisms and their enzymes. Milk and dairy consumption has increased considerably in Kosovo over the last decade, and a large part of local productioncomes from small-scale distributors across the country. In this research, 50 milk samples weretaken at some of the cumulative sites and from dairy farms in three …

The Antimicrobial Resistance Of The Bacterium Salmonella Enteritidis Isolated From Poultry For The Production Of Eggs In Kosovo, Hyzer Rizani, Syzana Aliu, Besart Jashari, Magbule Rizani, Shkëlzim Ukaj, Shkumbin Shala, Fidan Feka

UBT International Conference

Salmonella Enteritidis represents a group of bacteria known to cause typhoid fever, food poisoning, gastroenteritis, enteric fever, and other diseases in humans. People are mainly infected with contaminated water or foods, especially meat, chicken meat and eggs. Salmonella gender includes over 2300 bacterial serotypes. Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella typhimurium are responsible for over 50% of all infections caused in people anywhere in the world. The purpose of the study is to determine the sensitivity and resistance to antibiotics of some isolated strains of Salmonella enteritidis in private farms and eggs for egg production in several parts of Kosovo. Isolation and …

Chemical Composition And Nutritional Value Of Fresh Strawberry Fruit (Fragaria X Ananassa), Hyrie Koraqi, Sami Makolli, Gafur Xhabiri

UBT International Conference

Strawberries are appreciated and important in our diet for their sensory and nutritional characteristics because of their high content of essential nutrients is beneficial for biological activity in human health. The aim of this research was to analysis some chemical parameter of five strawberry fresh samples from plantation in Kosovo area at the ripe stage. The parameters analyzed with different analytical methods (refractometry,spectrophotometry,GC-ECD combined with ultrasonic bath extraction and a Florisil column for samples clean-up) are:pH,soluble solids,titratable acidity,vitamin C,calcium,magnesium,iron and pesticide residues including organochloride, organophosphate and other pesticides in fruit and vegetables. Results showed that the strawberries were in conformity …

Genealogical Analysis Of Bar’S Body Activity In Hemophilia At Two Brothers And A Cousin, Naser Kamberi

UBT International Conference

In this study it is included a sample of the Presevo population and villages of 3771 individuals. During family interviews, we encountered cases in women with hemophilia and hemophiliacs. Predicting that X-sex chromosome is inactive we did not have the case that females are hemophilic. By doing the genealogical analysis of these families, we will present the thoughts about the role of Bari's body when it comes to hemophilia. The genealogical method can be used especially effective in cases of monogenic inheritance. From the cases encountered during the hearing, we did not have any hemophilia in female gender. Considering that …

Control Of Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) In Non-Alcoholic And Fresh Drinks, Durim Alija, Eljesa Ziberi, Gafur Xhabiri, Xhezair Idrizi, Namik Durmishii, Ismail Ferati

UBT International Conference

This paper deals with the method of determining vitamin C in non-alcoholic and fresh drinks, also deals with its importance in the human body and elaborates the problematic consumption of vitamin C in the daily dose of adult people. Lack of vitamin C manifests itself with: pain and rapid muscle fatigue, increased infections, anemia, osteoporosis, hemorrhage, etc. According to the highest amount of vitamin C in 100 g, there are: pepper 128 mg, 113 mg cabbage, 90 mg kiwi, 59 mg strawberries, 53 mg lemon, 51 mg spinach, 38 mg grapefruit, 23 mg tomatoes. Ascorbic acid and its sodium, potassium …

Indication Of Temperature And Time During Storage In Shelf Life Of Pasteurized Milk, By Using Response Surface Methodology, Alush Musaj, Përparim Birinxhiku, Bahtir Hyseni

UBT International Conference

Milk is a complex food product, with a high nutritional value. Milk produced from healthy cow is considered to be sterile, even though this is highly dependent on the environment of farm. Milk is processed to bring a cured with extend shelf life product. Pasteurization, is a curing process for milk based on thermal treatment, this process mostly inhibit the microbial growth but it does not destroy total microorganisms. Consequently, its shelf life is dependent on the storage parameter as temperature and time. Hence, the aim of our study was to analyze and prove indication of temperature and time by …

Determination Of Optimal Kieselguhr Doses To Improve Beer Filtration, Ariola Devolli, Mariola Kodra, Edlira Shahinasi, Merita Stafasani, Frederik Dara

UBT International Conference

Beer production passes through those steps: malting, worth production, fermentation, and filtration. Filtration is used to remove yeast, proteins and other unwanted substances. Filtration is carried out by candle filters with kieselguhr, diatomaceous earth in a form of silica. In this study there are used three types of kieselguhr (DIF, CBL, and CBL3). There are used different kieselguhr quantities for the same beer volume and is measured filtration time, turbidity and beer color. Experiments showed that a good filtration is ensured by using all three types of kieselguhr. It is important to set a sufficient first layer from 800 to …

Determination Of Some Chemical Elements At Milk, At Three City In Macedonia (Kumanovo, Tetovo, Gostivar), Ilmije Vllasaku, Juliana Tomovska, Trajce Stafilov, Kemajl Kurteshi, Mirjana Menkovska

UBT International Conference

The aim of this research was to evaluate the possible contamination by heavy metals of milk from cows in Macedonia. The concentrations of heavy metals were determined in cow milk from the different farms, at three city (Kumanovo, Tetovo, Gotivar)in Macedonia. Each sample, homogenized and powdered, was mineralized in a microwave oven.

Quantitative analyses of Cd, Cr, Cu and Pb were performed using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer with graphite furnace; As was analyzed by hot vapor generation technique and Zn with the flame method.

The concentration of many metals is low (<0.1 mg/kg) such as: As,Co, Cd, Cr, Cu,Fe, Pb, and Zn.

Quality And Safety Of Vegetables Based On Nitrogen Determination And Intake, Mariola Kodra, Ariola Devolli, Edlira Shahinasi, Dhurata Feta

UBT International Conference

Vegetables are one of the main sources of nitrogen on human diet.Nitrogen content in 30 soil samples and 30 vegetables samples are reported. The results indicate that nitrogen content was low in 33% of soil samples,normal in 50% of the samples, and high in 17% of soil samples. Reportedresults indicate that 47% of vegetables samples had low nitrogen content, 30%of them had normal nitrogen content, and 13% and 10% of them had high andvery high nitrogen content, respectively. Soil nitrogen is also reported asammonium and nitrate, and results indicate that nitrate is the dominant form ofnitrogen. There was a good …

The Presence Of Aflatoxin M1 On Processed Milk In The Republic Of Kosovo, Ismail Ferati, Bizena Bijo, Durim Alija, Eljesa Ziberi

UBT International Conference

Aflatoxins are mycotoxins of major concern to the dairy industry. Given the fact that aflatoxins M1 mycotoxins can cause toxic effects called mycotoxicosis. It has been reported that mycotoxins are carcinogenic, tumorigenic, and dermatological in a large number of organisms and cause hepatic carcinoma in humans. This study aims to identify the quantity of mycotoxins M1 in dairy products used by consumers in the Republic of Kosovo. According to the results obtained from the analyzes of processed milk samples we have come to the conclusion that the content of aflatoxin M1 in all types of dairy products is not allowed …

Drinking Water Quality Control For Some Chemical-Physical Parameters In The Kosovo Market, Suzana Aliu, Fidan Feka, Hyzer Rizani, Shkëlzim Ukaj, Shkumbin Shala, Ardit Hoti, Kaltrina Hoxha, Laureta Tasholli

UBT International Conference

The aim of the paper is to analyze some drinking water samples for some companies such as: Rugova - Water, Good- Water and Water of Alps. The parameters we have focused on determining are: pH, electrical permeability, KMnO4 expense, chloride ions, dissolved oxygen in the water and oxygen saturation. Samples are taken at the sales’ point and we intend to check the quality of drinking water at those retailers, where we have frequent attendance of citizens.

From the results achieved we can conclude that there is no overrun of norms in accordance with World Health Organization (WHO) standards and the …

The Presence Of Pesticides In Certain Imported Vegetables In Republic Of Kosovo, Ibrahim Hoxha, Gafur Xhabiri, Valdet Gjinovci, Nexhdet Shala, Eljesa Ziberi

UBT International Conference

The vegetables represent a food with high nutritional values, especially rich in vitamins, minerals and antioxidants, therefore it is recommended their daily consumption at least once up to twice rations per day. Based on this fact, it is of great importance to take into consideration the safety of consumption of vegetables for human health. Therefore, in this study one analyzed the content (presence) of pesticides in certain vegetables such are fresh tomatoes, fresh pepper, beans, fresh cucumbers and fresh carrots. The results that were obtained indicated that overall presence of pesticides in most of the vegetables that were studied, is …

Comparison Of Quality Characteristics Of Fresh And Of Dried Strawberries, Ljubica Karakasova, Jovanka Ampova, Frosina Babanovska-Milenkovska, Namik Durmishi, Viktorija Stamatovska

UBT International Conference

The strawberry is a very importantberries fruit. It can be used fresh or for production of different products, available for consumption during the whole year.

The aim of this research was to compare the quality changes of fresh and dried strawberries. For drying were used the strawberries varieties: elsanta, humi grande and mesecharka, from Skopje region. Before drying were applied the following treatments: V0 – not treated, V1 - with vitamin C, V2 - with sugar solution. The drying was performed in Armenian solar dryer. During research were examined the chemical components of fresh and dried strawberries: total dry matter, …

The Usage Of Edible Additives With Different Gluten Quality In Baking Products, M. Sana, A. Sinani

UBT International Conference

One of the dominating factors in the foods quality besides the wheat quality,grinding and baking technology,is also the impact of edible additives in these products.These agents are nothing but chemical base products,that change the physical and rheological properties of baking products with the help of oxidation and reduction reactions placed in dough.The structures and quantitative formations of gluten proteins define dough qualities for cakes,biscuits and wafers.Reductants are substances,which soften gluten,weakening its links.Reductants react with disulfide SS in dough.Their impact is the reduction of the general molecular weight of the gluten proteins aggregates.The usage of reductants leads in the incensement of …

Comparison Of Some Quality And Safety Parameters In Drinking Water In Pollog Region, Zhezair Idrizi, Merita Saliu, Vigan Sulejmani, Namik Durmishi, Gafur Durmishi

UBT International Conference

Water is essential for its life, without water the life on Earth would not exist. Water is the main component of the cells comprising from about 70% to about 95% of the cellular mass or organisms. This means that we are made up of about 80% of our bodies by water, and even some special organisms, such as eg, contain up to 96% water. Water contains simultaneously the environment and the outside in which live many live forms, as noted above, about 75% of our planet is covered by water. Water, thanks to some of the above-mentioned properties, has such …

The Changes In Colour Of Biscuits During Baking Depending On Time And Different Proportion Of Barley Flour, Viktorija Stamatovska, Gjore Nakov, Ivan Dimov, Ira Traneva, Tatjana Kalevska, Zora Uzunoska

UBT International Conference

Biscuits hold an important position in food industry due to variety of taste, nutrition, crispiness and digestibility. The nutritional value of biscuits can be enhanced by fortification with a wide variety of protein rich cereal such as barley. Color is essential to the manufacture of biscuits of good quality. During baking, complex chemical reactions take place in the biscuits, such as the Maillard reaction and caramelization. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in color of biscuits during baking. Biscuits were produced according to AACC 10-50D method. Wheat flour was replaced with barley flour at varying levels …