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Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Mycobacteriosis-Associated Mortality In Wild Striped Bass (Morone Saxatilis) From Chesapeake Bay, Usa, Dt Gauthier, R J. Latour, Dm Helsey, C F. Bonzek, J Gartland, Ej Burge, W. K. Vogelbein
Mycobacteriosis-Associated Mortality In Wild Striped Bass (Morone Saxatilis) From Chesapeake Bay, Usa, Dt Gauthier, R J. Latour, Dm Helsey, C F. Bonzek, J Gartland, Ej Burge, W. K. Vogelbein
VIMS Articles
The striped bass (Morone saxatilis) is an economically and ecologically important finfish species along the Atlantic seaboard of the United States. Recent stock assessments in Chesapeake Bay (USA) indicate that non-fishing mortality in striped bass has increased since 1999, concomitant with very high (>50%) prevalence of visceral and dermal disease caused by Mycobacterium spp. Current fishery assessment models do not differentiate between disease and other components of non-fishing mortality (e. g., senescence, predation); therefore, disease impact on the striped bass population has not been established. Specific measurement of mortality associated with mycobacteriosis in wild striped bass is complicated because …
Abstracts Of Technical Papers Presented At The 100th Annual Meeting National Shellfisheries Association Providence, Rhode Island April 6–10, 2008, National Shellfisheries Association
Abstracts Of Technical Papers Presented At The 100th Annual Meeting National Shellfisheries Association Providence, Rhode Island April 6–10, 2008, National Shellfisheries Association
VIMS Articles
No abstract provided.
Us Caribbean Fish Trap Fishery Socioeconomic Study, Jj Agar, Jr Waters, M Valdes-Pizzini, M Shivlani, T Murray, Je Kirkley, D Suman
Us Caribbean Fish Trap Fishery Socioeconomic Study, Jj Agar, Jr Waters, M Valdes-Pizzini, M Shivlani, T Murray, Je Kirkley, D Suman
VIMS Articles
Concerns over the potential impacts of trap fishing on coral reefs and associated habitats prompted a socioeconomic study to characterize the U.S. Caribbean fish trap fishery in anticipation of management actions. Stratified random interviews of one hundred fishermen revealed the presence of a diverse fishery, with appreciable inter-island differences in levels of fishing dependence, fishing practices, and capital investment. High levels of fishing dependence Were observed among fishermen in the U.S. Virgin Islands, whereas Puerto Rican fishermen exhibited a more diversified livelihood strategy. Fishermen from St. Croix derived 62% of their household income from fish traps, significantly more than fishermen …
Bottom-Up And Climatic Forcing On The Worldwide Population Of Leatherback Turtles, Vs Saba, Jr Spotilia, Fp Chavez, Ja Musick
Bottom-Up And Climatic Forcing On The Worldwide Population Of Leatherback Turtles, Vs Saba, Jr Spotilia, Fp Chavez, Ja Musick
VIMS Articles
Nesting populations of leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) in the Atlantic and western Indian Oceans are increasing or stable while those in the Pacific are declining. It has been suggested that leatherbacks in the eastern Pacific may be resource limited due to environmental variability derived from the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO), but this has yet to be tested. Here we explored bottom-up forcing and the responding reproductive output of nesting leatherbacks worldwide. We achieved this through an extensive review of leatherback nesting and migration data and by analyzing the spatial, temporal, and quantitative nature of resources as indicated by net …
Comparative Visual Function In Five Sciaenid Fishes Inhabiting Chesapeake Bay, Az Horodysky, Richard Brill, Ej Warrant, Ja Musick, Rj Latour
Comparative Visual Function In Five Sciaenid Fishes Inhabiting Chesapeake Bay, Az Horodysky, Richard Brill, Ej Warrant, Ja Musick, Rj Latour
VIMS Articles
Maintaining optimal visual performance is a difficult task in the photodynamic coastal and estuarine waters in which western North Atlantic sciaenid fishes support substantial commercial and recreational fisheries. Unavoidable tradeoffs exist between visual sensitivity and resolution, yet sciaenid visual systems have not been characterized despite strong species-specific ecomorphological and microhabitat differentiation. We therefore used electroretinographic techniques to describe the light sensitivities, temporal properties, and spectral characteristics of the visual systems of five sciaenids common to Chesapeake Bay, USA: weakfish (Cynoscion regalis), spotted seatrout (Cynoscion nebulosus), red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus), Atlantic croaker (Micropogonias undulatus) and spot (Leiostomus xanthurus). Benthic sciaenids exhibited …
Effects Of Rapid Decompression And Exposure To Bright Light On Visual Function In Black Rockfish (Sebastes Melanops) And Pacific Halibut (Hippoglossus Stenolepis), Richard Brill, Christopher Magel, Michael Davis, Robert Hannah, Polly Rankin
Effects Of Rapid Decompression And Exposure To Bright Light On Visual Function In Black Rockfish (Sebastes Melanops) And Pacific Halibut (Hippoglossus Stenolepis), Richard Brill, Christopher Magel, Michael Davis, Robert Hannah, Polly Rankin
VIMS Articles
Demersal Fishes hauled up from depth experience rapid decompression. In physoclists, this can cause overexpansion of the swim bladder and resultant injuries to multiple organs (barotrauma), including severe exophthalmia ("pop-eye"). Before release, fishes can also be subjected to asphyxia and exposure to direct sunlight. Little is known, however, about possible sensory deficits resulting from the events accompanying capture. To address this issue, electroretinography was used to measure the changes in retinal light sensitivity, flicker fusion frequency, and spectral sensitivity in black rockfish (Sebastes melanops) subjected to rapid decompression (from 4 atmospheres absolute [ATA] to 1 ATA) and Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus …
Evaluating Recruitment Contribution Of A Selectively Bred Aquaculture Line Of The Oyster, Crassostrea Virginica Used In Restoration Efforts, Jens Carlsson, Ryan B. Carnegie, Jan F. Cordes, Mp Hare, Thomas A. Leggett, Kimberly S. Reece
Evaluating Recruitment Contribution Of A Selectively Bred Aquaculture Line Of The Oyster, Crassostrea Virginica Used In Restoration Efforts, Jens Carlsson, Ryan B. Carnegie, Jan F. Cordes, Mp Hare, Thomas A. Leggett, Kimberly S. Reece
VIMS Articles
Severe over-fishing, habitat degradation, and recent disease impacts have devastated the eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) fisherey in the Chesapeake Bay. Several restoration efforts are in progress, including the unconventional approach of seeding reefs with an aquaculture strain selected for disease resistance and fast growth in hopes of mitigating the negative effects of diseases and low census numbers. Supplementation of four sites (The Great Wicomico, Lynnhaven, York and Elizabeth Rivers) examined in this study totaled approximatedly 18,500,000 aquaculture oysters from 2002 to 2006. We collected locally recruited offspring (n = 6517) from 2002 to 2006 at these sites to determine if …
Acoustic Pressure And Particle Motion Thresholds In Six Sciaenid Fishes, Az Horodysky, Richard Brill, Ml Fine, Ja Musick, Rj Latour
Acoustic Pressure And Particle Motion Thresholds In Six Sciaenid Fishes, Az Horodysky, Richard Brill, Ml Fine, Ja Musick, Rj Latour
VIMS Articles
Sciaenid fishes are important models of fish sound production, but investigations into their auditory abilities are limited to acoustic pressure measurements on five species. In this study, we used auditory brainstem response ( ABR) to assess the pressure and particle acceleration thresholds of six sciaenid fishes commonly found in Chesapeake Bay, eastern USA: weakfish ( Cynoscion regalis), spotted seatrout ( Cynoscion nebulosus), Atlantic croaker ( Micropogonias undulatus), red drum ( Sciaenops ocellatus), spot ( Leiostomus xanthurus) and northern kingfish ( Menticirrhus saxatilis). Experimental subjects were presented with pure 10 ms tone bursts in 100 Hz steps from 100 Hz to …
Stock Assessment Of Protogynous Fish: Evaluating Measures Of Spawning Biomass Used To Estimate Biological Reference Points, En Brooks, Kw Shertzer, T Gedamke, Ds Vaughan
Stock Assessment Of Protogynous Fish: Evaluating Measures Of Spawning Biomass Used To Estimate Biological Reference Points, En Brooks, Kw Shertzer, T Gedamke, Ds Vaughan
VIMS Articles
In stock assessments, recruitment is typically modeled as a function of females only. For protogynous stocks, however, disproportionate fishing on males increases the possibility of reduced fertilization rates. To incorporate the importance of males in protogynous stocks, assessment models have been used to predict recruitment not just from female spawning biomass (S-f), but also from that of males (S-m) or both sexes (S-b). We conducted a simulation study to evaluate the ability of these three measures to estimate biological reference points used in fishery management. Of the three, S-f provides best estimates if the potential for decreased fertilization is weak, …
Population Structure Of Striped Marlin (Kajikia Audax) In The Pacific Ocean Based On Analysis Of Microsatellite And Mitochondrial Dna, Jr Mcdowell, J. E. Graves
Population Structure Of Striped Marlin (Kajikia Audax) In The Pacific Ocean Based On Analysis Of Microsatellite And Mitochondrial Dna, Jr Mcdowell, J. E. Graves
VIMS Articles
Genetic variation was surveyed at five microsatellite loci and the mitochondrial control region (819 bp) to test for the presence of genetic stock structure in striped marlin (Kajikia audax) collections taken from seven locations throughout the Pacific Ocean. Temporal replicates separated by 9 years were taken off Japan, and three temporal samples spanning 11 years were collected off the coast of eastern Australia. Analyses of multilocus microsatellite genotypes and mitochondrial control region sequences showed no significant heterogeneity among collections taken from the same location in different years; however, significant spatial genetic heterogeneity was observed across all samples for microsatellite markers …
The Influence Of Beam Position And Swimming Direction On Fish Target Strength, Mj Henderson, Jk Horne, Rh Towler
The Influence Of Beam Position And Swimming Direction On Fish Target Strength, Mj Henderson, Jk Horne, Rh Towler
VIMS Articles
Fish orientation is consistently identified as a major influence on fish target strength (TS). Generally, orientation is defined as the tilt angle of the fish with respect to the acoustic transducer, whereas a more accurate definition includes tilt, roll, and yaw. Thus far, the influences of roll and yaw on fish TS have only been examined cursorily. We used in situ single-target data to create fish tracks, to estimate fish tilt and yaw, and correlated these estimates with TS. The results show that tilt, yaw, and beam position have a significant influence on fish TS. To investigate further how yaw …
The Trophic Dynamics Of Summer Flounder (Paralichthys Dentatus) In Chesapeake Bay, Robert J. Latour, James Gartland, Christopher F. Bonzek, Raemarie Johnson
The Trophic Dynamics Of Summer Flounder (Paralichthys Dentatus) In Chesapeake Bay, Robert J. Latour, James Gartland, Christopher F. Bonzek, Raemarie Johnson
VIMS Articles
Data on the trophic dynamics of fishes are needed for management of ecosystems such as Chesapeake Bay. Summer flounder (Paralichthys dentatus) are an abundant seasonal resident of the bay and have the potential to impact food-web dynamics. Analyses of diet data for late juvenile and adult summer flounder collected from 2002-2006 in Chesapeake Bay were conducted to characterize the role of this flatfish in this estuary and to contribute to our understanding of summer flounder trophic dynamics throughout its range. Despite the diversity of prey, nearly half of the diet comprised mysid shrimp (Neomysis spp.) and bay anchovy (Anchoa mitchilli). …
Shell Length-At-Age Relationships In James River, Virginia, Oysters (Crassostrea Virginica) Collected Four Centuries Apart, Juliana M. Harding, Roger L. Mann, Melissa Southworth
Shell Length-At-Age Relationships In James River, Virginia, Oysters (Crassostrea Virginica) Collected Four Centuries Apart, Juliana M. Harding, Roger L. Mann, Melissa Southworth
VIMS Articles
Eastern oysters were ecologically and structurally dominant features of the Chesapeake Bay prior to European colonization. Four centuries of harves pressure, habitat degradation, and more recently, disease activity have affected extant oyster population demographics. We compared population demographics and age-at-shell length relationships for modern mesohaline James River oyster populations with James River oysters collected in the years 1611 to 1612 by Jamestown settlers. Historic oyster collections made by hand included a more complete demographics than modern samples collected with patent longs. Historic oysters had significantly faster growth rates than modern oyster populations. Modern oysters larger than 30-40 mm SL or …
Discrimination Of Nine Crassostrea Oyster Species Based Upon Restriction Fragment-Length Polymorphism Analysis Of Nuclear And Mitochondrial Dna Markers, Jan F. Cordes, Jie Xiao, Kimberly S. Reece
Discrimination Of Nine Crassostrea Oyster Species Based Upon Restriction Fragment-Length Polymorphism Analysis Of Nuclear And Mitochondrial Dna Markers, Jan F. Cordes, Jie Xiao, Kimberly S. Reece
VIMS Articles
A molecular genetic identification key for nine species of Crassostrea oysters was developed based on restriction fragment-length polymorphism (RFLP) analyses of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA markers. Seven of nine species were unambiguosly differentiated based on digestion of the ITS-1 nuclear marker with Hae III an Hinf I. Individual species exhibited one or two RFLP patterns for each restriction endonuclease, and only C. madrasensis and C. iredalei were indistinguishable electrophoretically. All nine species were unambiguosly differentiated based on digestion of the COI mitochondrial marker with Dde I and Hae III. Species exhibited one or two RFLP patterns for each restriction endonuclease, …
Decadal Trends In Age Structure And Recruitment Patterns Of Ocean Quahogs Arctica Islandica From The Mid-Atlantic Bight In Relation To Water Temperature, Juliana M. Harding, Se King, En Powell, Roger Mann
Decadal Trends In Age Structure And Recruitment Patterns Of Ocean Quahogs Arctica Islandica From The Mid-Atlantic Bight In Relation To Water Temperature, Juliana M. Harding, Se King, En Powell, Roger Mann
VIMS Articles
Occan quahogs (Arctica islandica) are long-lived bivalves. Distributionl patterns and biology of ocean quahogs ill the Mid-Atlantic Bight (MAB) off the cast coast of North America are directly related to bottom water temperatures. We examined long term recruitment patterns for ocean quahogs across temporal (decadal) and spatial (latitudinal. bathymetric) scales Using a spatially defined (Long Island Sound to Chesapeake Bay mouth) population encompassing a broad size (age) range of animals that had not yet recruited to the commercial fishery [(SL)], An age-at-length relationship for quahogs less than 80 mm SL is described using a power function. Quahog age did not …
Crassostrea Ariakensis In Chesapeake Bay: Growth, Disease And Mortality In Shallow Subtidal Environments, Kt Paynter, Jd Goodwin, Me Chen, Nj Ward, Mw Sherman, Dw Meritt, Standish K. Allen
Crassostrea Ariakensis In Chesapeake Bay: Growth, Disease And Mortality In Shallow Subtidal Environments, Kt Paynter, Jd Goodwin, Me Chen, Nj Ward, Mw Sherman, Dw Meritt, Standish K. Allen
VIMS Articles
In April 2004, triploid native (Crassostrea virginica) and nonnative (Crassostrea ariakensis) oysters were deployed in cages at four sites along a salinity gradient in Chesapeake Bay. In Maryland, the lowest salinity site was located in the Severn River and two low to mid-salinity sites were located in the Choptank and Patuxent Rivers. The highest salinity site was located in the York River in Virginia. Growth, disease acquisition, and mortality were measured in the deployed oysters through August 2006. Although ANOVA revealed that the nonnative oysters were significantly larger at the end of the experiment than the native oysters at all …
Size-Selectivity Of The Northwest Atlantic Sea Scallop (Placopecten Magellanicus) Dredge, Noelle Yochum, William D. Dupaul
Size-Selectivity Of The Northwest Atlantic Sea Scallop (Placopecten Magellanicus) Dredge, Noelle Yochum, William D. Dupaul
VIMS Articles
A size-selectivity curve was constructed to characterize the performance of the New Bedford style Atlantic sea scallop (Placopecten magellanicus, Gmelin 1791) dredge when it is configured to meet the requirements of Amendment #10 to the Sea Scallop Fishery Management Plan. The curve was generated using the SELECT model on catch-at-length data, obtained by simultaneously towing a New Bedford style dredge and a nonselective National Marine Fisheries Service sea scallop survey dredge from commercial scallop vessels. Data were collected during three cruises in the Northwest Atlantic between 2005 and 2006. The resultant selectivity curve yielded a 50% retention length of 100.1 …
Additional Records Of Deep-Sea Fishes From Off Greater New England, Ke Hartel, Cp Kenaley, Jk Galbraith, Tt Sutton
Additional Records Of Deep-Sea Fishes From Off Greater New England, Ke Hartel, Cp Kenaley, Jk Galbraith, Tt Sutton
VIMS Articles
A recent review of deep-sea fishes captured deeper than 200 m off greater New England, from the Scotian Shelf at 44''N to the southern New England Shelf at about 38°N, documented 591 species. Subsequent trawling activity and reviews of deep-sea taxa occurring in the area have revealed that an additional 40 species inhabit the deep sea off New England. Thirty-two of these new records were eaptured in the course of 44 bottom trawls and 94 mid-water trawls over or in the proximity of Bear Seamount (39''55'N. 67°30'W). Five of the 40 species have been described as new to science, at …