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- Biological Sciences Peer-Reviewed Articles (35)
- Fisheries Science Peer-Reviewed Articles (25)
- Aquatic Health Sciences Peer-Reviewed Articles (11)
- Physical Sciences Peer-Reviewed Articles (10)
- CCRM Peer Reviewed Articles (2)
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- ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE; FACTOR-BETA SUPERFAMILY; LIGHT-CHAIN KINASE; CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; TYROSINE KINASE; BIVALVE MOLLUSK; POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS; DOPAMINERGIC-NEURONS; MOLECULAR-MECHANISMS; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION (1)
- Aryl-Hydrocarbon Receptor; Different Exposure Histories; Glutathione-S-Transferase; Zebrafish Danio-Rerio; Contaminated Site; Elizabeth River; Breast-Cancer; Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression; Chemical Carcinogenesis; Hematopoietic Tissues (1)
- Atlantic Time-Series; Northwestern Mediterranean Sea; Naturally-Occurring Particles; Organic-Matter Transport; Potential Grazing Impact; Thalia-Democratica; Fecal Pellets; Pelagic Tunicates; Interannual Variability; Feeding-Behavior (1)
- BENGUELA FRONTAL ZONE; MARINE PROTECTED AREA; STOCK-ASSESSMENT; MATERNAL-AGE; LIFE-HISTORY; MANAGEMENT; FLUCTUATIONS; RECRUITMENT; SELECTION; SURVIVAL (1)
- Bayesian Hierarchical-Models; Fish Stocks; Morphoedaphic Index; Growth-Parameters; Species Richness; Temperature; Metaanalysis; Information; Recruitment; Fisheries (1)
- Biodiversity · Ecosystem functioning · Habitat structure · Predator richness (1)
- Biological pump (1)
- CBNERR Publications (1)
- CCRM Research and Reports (1)
- CROAKER MICROPOGONIAS-UNDULATUS; GULF-OF-MEXICO; ATLANTIC CROAKER; BODY-COMPOSITION; DEMERSAL FISHES; RIVER ESTUARY; BROWN SHRIMP; ENERGY; CONSEQUENCES; AVOIDANCE (1)
- Catch-Curve Data; Striped Bass; Largemouth Bass; Cohort Analysis; Chesapeake Bay; Barents Sea; Larval Fish; Survival; Growth; Model (1)
- Chesapeake Bay · Ecosystem engineer · Foundation species · Functional redundancy (1)
- Chesapeake Bay; Estuary; Events; Isabel (1)
- Chesapeake Bay; Multidecadal Oscillation; Density-Dependence; Fish Recruitment; Larval Transport; Common Trends; United-States; Time-Series; East-Coast; Climate (1)
- Chronic Nutrient Enrichment; Northern New-England; Spartina-Alterniflora; Nitrogen Deposition; Long-Term; Top-Down; Coastal Eutrophication; Wetland Stability; Biodiversity Loss; United-States (1)
- Clam Aquaculture; Mercenaria Mercenaria; Ecological Effects; Nekton; Benthos (1)
- Coastal Wetland Vulnerability; Salt-Marsh; Climate-Change; Multimetric Indexes; Die-Off; Ecosystems; Responses; Habitats; Impacts; Co2 (1)
- Coastal sediments (1)
- Conservation; Services; Management; Coastal; Fisheries; Reef (1)
- Coral-Reefs; Marine Ecosystems; Diversity; Productivity; Patterns; Impacts; Ecology; Vulnerability; Predictors; Predators (1)
- Crassostrea virginica · Nitrogen · Denitrification · Oyster reefs · Biogenic habitat · Ecosystem engineers (1)
- DISSOLVED ORGANIC NITROGEN; NORTH PACIFIC-OCEAN; MARINE CYANOBACTERIUM TRICHODESMIUM; CORAL-REEF LAGOON; N-2 FIXATION; ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION; DINITROGEN FIXATION; PLANKTON BIOMASS; ATLANTIC-OCEAN; SOUTHERN-OCEAN (1)
- DOC; CDOM; Chesapeake Bay; Middle Atlantic Bight; carbon cycling (1)
- Data Assimilation System; Deep-Water; Ocean Circulation; Fresh-Water; Temperature; Sensitivity; Salinity; Inflow (1)
- Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction; Nitric-Oxide; Cytochrome P450Nor; N2O Production; Soil; Codenitrification; Bacteria; Emission; Hypoxia; No (1)
Articles 1 - 30 of 88
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Impact Of Environment And Ontogeny On Relative Fecundity And Egg Quality Of Female Oysters (Crassostrea Virginica) From Four Sites In Northern Chesapeake Bay, Hl Glandon, Ak Michaelis, Et Al, Kimberly S. Reece, Et Al
Impact Of Environment And Ontogeny On Relative Fecundity And Egg Quality Of Female Oysters (Crassostrea Virginica) From Four Sites In Northern Chesapeake Bay, Hl Glandon, Ak Michaelis, Et Al, Kimberly S. Reece, Et Al
VIMS Articles
Resource allocation to reproduction is a primary physiological concern for individuals, and can vary with age, environment, or a combination of both factors. In this study we quantified the impact of environment and individual age on the reproductive output of female oysters Crassostrea virginica. We determined the relative fecundity, egg total lipid content, and overall and omega- 3/omega-6 fatty acid signatures (FAS) of eggs spawned by female oysters over a 2-year period (n = 32 and n = 64). Variation was quantified spatially and ontogenetically by sampling young and old oyster populations from two rivers in Chesapeake Bay, totaling four …
Accelerating Tropicalization And The Transformation Of Temperate Seagrass Meadows, Glenn A. Hyndes, Kenneth L. Heck Jr., Et Al, R J. Orth
Accelerating Tropicalization And The Transformation Of Temperate Seagrass Meadows, Glenn A. Hyndes, Kenneth L. Heck Jr., Et Al, R J. Orth
VIMS Articles
Climate-driven changes are altering production and functioning of biotic assemblages in terrestrial and aquatic environments. In temperate coastal waters, rising sea temperatures, warm water anomalies and poleward shifts in the distribution of tropical herbivores have had a detrimental effect on algal forests. We develop generalized scenarios of this form of tropicalization and its potential effects on the structure and functioning of globally significant and threatened seagrass ecosystems, through poleward shifts in tropical seagrasses and herbivores. Initially, we expect tropical herbivorous fishes to establish in temperate seagrass meadows, followed later by megafauna. Tropical seagrasses are likely to establish later, delayed by …
Temporal Dynamics Of Condition For Estuarine Fishes In Their Nursery Habitats, R. W. Schloesser, Mary C. Fabrizio
Temporal Dynamics Of Condition For Estuarine Fishes In Their Nursery Habitats, R. W. Schloesser, Mary C. Fabrizio
VIMS Articles
The condition of individuals in a year class may contribute to recruitment variability due to differential survival of poor-and well-conditioned fish, but the temporal dynamics of juvenile fish condition are poorly understood. We examined inter- and intra-annual dynamics of condition for juveniles of 3 species collected from estuarine nursery areas of Chesapeake Bay from November 2010 to June 2014. We describe temporal patterns in length-based indices, the hepatosomatic index (HSI), and relative subdermal lipid estimates for juvenile summer flounder Paralichthys dentatus (n = 1771), Atlantic croaker Micropogonias undulatus (n = 3911), and striped bass Morone saxatilis (n = 874). Multiple …
Microbial Nitrogen Processing In Hard Clam (Mercenaria Mercenaria) Aquaculture Sediments: The Relative Importance Of Denitrification And Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction To Ammonium (Dnra), Ae Murphy, Iris C. Anderson, Ar Smyth, Bk Song, Mark Luckenbach
Microbial Nitrogen Processing In Hard Clam (Mercenaria Mercenaria) Aquaculture Sediments: The Relative Importance Of Denitrification And Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction To Ammonium (Dnra), Ae Murphy, Iris C. Anderson, Ar Smyth, Bk Song, Mark Luckenbach
VIMS Articles
As bivalve aquaculture expands worldwide, an understanding of its role in nutrient cycling is necessary to ensure ecological sustainability and determine the potential of using bivalves for nutrient mitigation. Whereas several studies, primarily of epifaunal bivalves, have assessed denitrification, few have considered nutrient regeneration processes such as dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA), which competes with denitrification for nitrate and results in nitrogen retention rather than loss. This study compares sediment nitrogen cycling including mineralization, DNRA, and denitrification within U.S. clam aquaculture sediments to nearby uncultivated sediments, seasonally. Clam aquaculture significantly increased sediment ammonium and phosphate effluxes relative to uncultivated …
Tracking A Marine Ecotourism Star: Movements Of The Short Ocean Sunfish Mola Ramsayi In Nusa Penida, Bali, Indonesia, Tierney Thys, John P. Ryan, Kevin C. Weng, Mark Erdmann, Joeharnani Tresnati
Tracking A Marine Ecotourism Star: Movements Of The Short Ocean Sunfish Mola Ramsayi In Nusa Penida, Bali, Indonesia, Tierney Thys, John P. Ryan, Kevin C. Weng, Mark Erdmann, Joeharnani Tresnati
VIMS Articles
Ocean sunfishes, Molidae, comprise the world’s heaviest bony fishes. They include the short mola, Mola ramsayi (Giglioli 1883), an important tourist draw at Nusa Penida and Nusa Lembongan, Bali, where SCUBA divers can observe ectoparasite-laden individuals being cleaned by smaller reef fishes. Despite widespread appeal, little is known about these fishes relative to regional oceanography. We present the first behavioral information for this species anywhere in the world. Satellite tag data indicate a wide thermal range (10–27.5°C) with depth occupation mostly (95%) in the upper 250 m and habitat preference near the bottom of the warm surface layer. One tag …
The Demographic Consequences Of Growing Older And Bigger In Oyster Populations, Jl Moore, Rom Lipcius, B Puckettt, Sj Schrieber
The Demographic Consequences Of Growing Older And Bigger In Oyster Populations, Jl Moore, Rom Lipcius, B Puckettt, Sj Schrieber
VIMS Articles
Structured population models, particularly size-or age-structured, have a long history of informing conservation and natural resource management. While size is often easier to measure than age and is the focus of many management strategies, age-structure can have important effects on population dynamics that are not captured in size-only models. However, relatively few studies have included the simultaneous effects of both age-and size-structure. To better understand how population structure, particularly that of age and size, impacts restoration and management decisions, we developed and compared a size-structured integral projection model (IPM) and an age-and size-structured IPM, using a population of Crassostrea gigas …
Quantitative Validation Of A Habitat Suitability Index For Oyster Restoration, Seth J. Theuerkauf, Rom Lipcius
Quantitative Validation Of A Habitat Suitability Index For Oyster Restoration, Seth J. Theuerkauf, Rom Lipcius
VIMS Articles
Habitat suitability index (HSI) models provide spatially explicit information on the capacity of a given habitat to support a species of interest, and their prevalence has increased dramatically in recent years. Despite caution that the reliability of HSIs must be validated using independent, quantitative data, most HSIs intended to inform terrestrial and marine species management remain unvalidated. Furthermore, of the eight HSI models developed for eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) restoration and fishery production, none has been validated. Consequently, we developed, calibrated, and validated an HSI for the eastern oyster to identify optimal habitat for restoration in a tributary …
Piecewisesem: Piecewise Structural Equation Modelling In R For Ecology, Evolution, And Systematics, Jonathan S. Lefcheck
Piecewisesem: Piecewise Structural Equation Modelling In R For Ecology, Evolution, And Systematics, Jonathan S. Lefcheck
VIMS Articles
Ecologists and evolutionary biologists rely on an increasingly sophisticated set of statistical tools to describe complex natural systems. One such tool that has gained significant traction in the biological sciences is structural equation models (SEM), a form of path analysis that resolves complex multivariate relationships among a suite of interrelated variables.
Fishing And Bottom Water Temperature As Drivers Of Change In Maximum Shell Length In Atlantic Surfclams (Spisula Solidissima), Dm Munroe, Da Narvaez, D Hennen, L Jacobson, Roger L. Mann, Et Al
Fishing And Bottom Water Temperature As Drivers Of Change In Maximum Shell Length In Atlantic Surfclams (Spisula Solidissima), Dm Munroe, Da Narvaez, D Hennen, L Jacobson, Roger L. Mann, Et Al
VIMS Articles
Maximum shell length of Atlantic surfclams (Spisula solidissima) on the Middle Atlantic Bight (MAB) continental shelf, obtained from federal fishery survey data from 1982-present, has decreased by 15-20 mm. Two potential causes of this decreasing trend, fishery removal of large animals and stress due to warming bottom temperatures, were investigated using an individual-based model for post-settlement surfclams and a fifty-year hindcast of bottom water temperatures on the MAB. Simulations showed that fishing and/or warming bottom water temperature can cause decreases in maximum surfclam shell length (body size) equivalent to those observed in the fished stock. Independently, either localized fishing rates …
Nitrogen Sources And Net Growth Efficiency Of Zooplankton In Three Amazon River Plume Food Webs, Natalie Loick-Wilde, Sarah C. Weber, Brandon J. Condon, Douglas G. Capone, Victoria J. Coles, Patricia M. Medeiros, Deborah K. Steinberg, Joseph P. Montoya
Nitrogen Sources And Net Growth Efficiency Of Zooplankton In Three Amazon River Plume Food Webs, Natalie Loick-Wilde, Sarah C. Weber, Brandon J. Condon, Douglas G. Capone, Victoria J. Coles, Patricia M. Medeiros, Deborah K. Steinberg, Joseph P. Montoya
VIMS Articles
The plasticity of nitrogen specific net growth efficiency (NGE) in marine mesozooplankton is currently unresolved, with discordant lines of evidence suggesting that NGE is constant, or that it varies with nitrogen source, food availability, and food quality in marine ecosystems. Specifically, the fate of nitrogen from nitrogen fixation is poorly known. We use 15N : 14N ratios in plankton in combination with hydrological data, nutrient profiles, and nitrogen fixation rate measurements to investigate the relationship between new nitrogen sources and the nitrogen specific NGE in three plankton communities along the outer Amazon River plume. The NGE of small …
Dissolved Organic Carbon Fluxes In The Middle Atlantic Bight: An Integrated Approach Based On Satellite Data And Ocean Model Products, Antonio Mannino, Sergio R. Signorini, Michael Novak, John Wilkin, Marjorie A.M. Friedrichs, Raymond G. Najjar
Dissolved Organic Carbon Fluxes In The Middle Atlantic Bight: An Integrated Approach Based On Satellite Data And Ocean Model Products, Antonio Mannino, Sergio R. Signorini, Michael Novak, John Wilkin, Marjorie A.M. Friedrichs, Raymond G. Najjar
VIMS Articles
Continental margins play an important role in global carbon cycle, accounting for 15-21% of the global marine primary production. Since carbon fluxes across continental margins from land to the open ocean are not well constrained, we undertook a study to develop satellite algorithms to retrieve dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and combined these satellite data with physical circulation model products to quantify the shelf boundary fluxes of DOC for the U.S. Middle Atlantic Bight (MAB). Satellite DOC was computed through seasonal relationships of DOC with colored dissolved organic matter absorption coefficients, which were derived from an extensive set of in situ …
Global Analysis Of Seagrass Restoration: The Importance Of Large-Scale Planting, Mm Van Katwijk, A Thorhaug, N Marba, R J. Orth, Cm Duarte, Et Al.
Global Analysis Of Seagrass Restoration: The Importance Of Large-Scale Planting, Mm Van Katwijk, A Thorhaug, N Marba, R J. Orth, Cm Duarte, Et Al.
VIMS Articles
In coastal and estuarine systems, foundation species like seagrasses, mangroves, saltmarshes or corals provide important ecosystem services. Seagrasses are globally declining and their reintroduction has been shown to restore ecosystem functions. However, seagrass restoration is often challenging, given the dynamic and stressful environment that seagrasses often grow in. From our world-wide meta-analysis of seagrass restoration trials (1786 trials), we describe general features and best practice for seagrass restoration. We confirm that removal of threats is important prior to replanting. Reduced water quality (mainly eutrophication), and construction activities led to poorer restoration success than, for instance, dredging, local direct impact and …
Oyster Planting Protocols To Deter Losses To Cownose Ray Predation, Roger L. Mann, Melissa Southworth, Robert A. Fisher, James A. Wesson, A. J. Erskine, T Leggett
Oyster Planting Protocols To Deter Losses To Cownose Ray Predation, Roger L. Mann, Melissa Southworth, Robert A. Fisher, James A. Wesson, A. J. Erskine, T Leggett
VIMS Articles
The utility of shell overlays to oyster (Crassostrea virginica) plantings as a cownose ray (Rhinoptera bonasus) predator deterrence mechanism was examined. Typical industry practice of oyster seed planting was followed in an experimental design employing treatment areas of 0.5-1.0 acre (0.2-0.4 hectare). Areas were prepared in the Lower Machodoc Creek, Virginia, by the initial application of shell to insure a stable substrate under planted seed oysters. Seed oysters were planted using standard industry methods. Experimental areas were located, two upstream and two downstream, of a constriction in the Lower Machodoc that dictated differing physical environments in the respective locations with …
Depth As A Driver Of Evolution In The Deep Sea: Insights From Grenadiers (Gadiformes: Macrouridae) Of The Genus Coryphaenoides, Mr Gaither, B Violi, Hwi Gray, F Neat, Jc Drazen, Rochelle Grubbs, A Roa-Varon, T Sutton, Ar Hoelzel
Depth As A Driver Of Evolution In The Deep Sea: Insights From Grenadiers (Gadiformes: Macrouridae) Of The Genus Coryphaenoides, Mr Gaither, B Violi, Hwi Gray, F Neat, Jc Drazen, Rochelle Grubbs, A Roa-Varon, T Sutton, Ar Hoelzel
VIMS Articles
Here we consider the role of depth as a driver of evolution in a genus of deep-sea fishes. We provide a phylogeny for the genus Coryphaenoides (Gadiformes: Macrouridae) that represents the breadth of habitat use and distributions for these species. In our consensus phylogeny species found at abyssal depths (>4000 m) form a well-supported lineage, which interestingly also includes two non -abyssal species, C. striaturus and C. murrayi, diverging from the basal node of that lineage. Biogeographic analyses suggest the genus may have originated in the Southern and Pacific Oceans where contemporary species diversity is highest. The abyssal lineage …
Millennial-Scale Sustainability Of The Chesapeake Bay Native American Oyster Fishery, Tc Rick, La Reeder-Myers, Ca Hofman, D Breitburg, R Lockwood, G Henkes, M. L. Kellogg, D Lowery, M. Luckenbach, R. Mann, Mb Ogburn, M. Southworth, J Wah, J Wesson, Ah Hines
Millennial-Scale Sustainability Of The Chesapeake Bay Native American Oyster Fishery, Tc Rick, La Reeder-Myers, Ca Hofman, D Breitburg, R Lockwood, G Henkes, M. L. Kellogg, D Lowery, M. Luckenbach, R. Mann, Mb Ogburn, M. Southworth, J Wah, J Wesson, Ah Hines
VIMS Articles
Estuaries around the world are in a state of decline following decades or more of overfishing, pollution, and climate change. Oysters (Ostreidae), ecosystem engineers in many estuaries, influence water quality, construct habitat, and provide food for humans and wildlife. In North America's Chesapeake Bay, once-thriving eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) populations have declined dramatically, making their restoration and conservation extremely challenging. Here we present data on oyster size and human harvest from Chesapeake Bay archaeological sites spanning similar to 3,500 y of Native American, colonial, and historical occupation. We compare oysters from archaeological sites with Pleistocene oyster reefs that existed before …
Seamless Cross-Scale Modeling With Schism, Yinglong J. Zhang, Fei Ye, Ev Stanev, S Grashorn
Seamless Cross-Scale Modeling With Schism, Yinglong J. Zhang, Fei Ye, Ev Stanev, S Grashorn
VIMS Articles
We present a new 3D unstructured-grid model (SCHISM) which is an upgrade from an existing model (SELFE). The new advection scheme for the momentum equation includes an iterative smoother to reduce excess mass produced by higher-order kriging method, and a new viscosity formulation is shown to work robustly for generic unstructured grids and effectively filter out spurious modes without introducing excessive dissipation. A new higher-order implicit advection scheme for transport (TVD2) is proposed to effectively handle a wide range of Courant numbers as commonly found in typical cross-scale applications. The addition of quadrangular elements into the model, together with a …
Evaluation Of Cytochalasin B And 6-Dimethylaminopurine For Tetraploidy Induction In The Eastern Oyster, Crassostrea Virginica, Bl Peachey, Standish K. Allen Jr.
Evaluation Of Cytochalasin B And 6-Dimethylaminopurine For Tetraploidy Induction In The Eastern Oyster, Crassostrea Virginica, Bl Peachey, Standish K. Allen Jr.
VIMS Articles
Cytochalasin B (CB) has been used to induce tetraploidy in oysters since the practice began in 1993. However, CB is toxic and presents health risks to hatchery workers who administer the treatment. 6-dimethylaminopurine (6-DMAP) is also an effective cytokinetic inhibitor, and does not carry the health risks of CB. We examined the relative effectiveness of 6-DMAP vs CB for producing tetraploids in the Eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica). Survival and yield of tetraploids varied widely among the 15 experiments. Larvae resulting from 6-DMAP treatment had higher survival in 11 of the 14 trials on day two and day six/seven. For yield …
Moving Forward 21st Century Pathways To Strengthen The Ocean Science Workforce Through Graduate Education And Professional Development, Linda C. Schaffner, T. W. Hartley, J. G. Saunders
Moving Forward 21st Century Pathways To Strengthen The Ocean Science Workforce Through Graduate Education And Professional Development, Linda C. Schaffner, T. W. Hartley, J. G. Saunders
VIMS Articles
The scope of emerging national and international ocean-related issues facing society demands that we develop broad perspectives on graduate education and training in the ocean sciences. A multifaceted ocean workforce and new kinds of intellectual partnerships are needed to address ocean science research priorities, strengthen our understanding of coupled human-natural ocean systems, engage and inform public policy and management decision making, and increase ocean literacy. Alumni from graduate programs in ocean sciences are following diverse career paths in academia, government, nongovernmental organizations, and industry, and thus can inform us about the diverse skills needed to succeed. The ocean science academic …
Influence Of Reservoir Infill On Coastal Deep Water Hypoxia, Lewis C. Linker, Richard A. Batiuk, Carl F. Cerco, Gary W. Shenk, Richard Tian, Ping Wang, Guido Yactayo
Influence Of Reservoir Infill On Coastal Deep Water Hypoxia, Lewis C. Linker, Richard A. Batiuk, Carl F. Cerco, Gary W. Shenk, Richard Tian, Ping Wang, Guido Yactayo
VIMS Articles
Ecological restoration of the Chesapeake through the Chesapeake Bay total maximum daily load (TMDL) requires the reduction of nitrogen, phosphorus, and sediment loads in the Chesapeake watershed because of the tidal water quality impairments and damage to living resources they cause. Within the Chesapeake watershed, the Conowingo Reservoir has been filling in with sediment for almost a century and is now in a state of near‐full capacity called dynamic equilibrium. The development of the Chesapeake TMDL in 2010 was with the assumption that the Conowingo Reservoir was still effectively trapping sediment and nutrients. This is now known not to …
Chemical Formation Of Hybrid Di-Nitrogen Calls Fungal Codenitrification Into Question, Rebecca L. Phillips, Bk Song, Andrew M. S. Mcmillan, Gwen Grelet, Bevan S. Weir, Thilak Palmada, Craig Tobias
Chemical Formation Of Hybrid Di-Nitrogen Calls Fungal Codenitrification Into Question, Rebecca L. Phillips, Bk Song, Andrew M. S. Mcmillan, Gwen Grelet, Bevan S. Weir, Thilak Palmada, Craig Tobias
VIMS Articles
Removal of excess nitrogen (N) can best be achieved through denitrification processes that transform N in water and terrestrial ecosystems to di-nitrogen (N-2) gas. The greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O) is considered an intermediate or end-product in denitrification pathways. Both abiotic and biotic denitrification processes use a single N source to form N2O. However, N-2 can be formed from two distinct N sources (known as hybrid N-2) through biologically mediated processes of anammox and codenitrification. We questioned if hybrid N-2 produced during fungal incubation at neutral pH could be attributed to abiotic nitrosation and if N2O was consumed during N-2 …
The Nature Of Organic Carbon In Density-Fractionated Sediments In The Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta (California), S. G. Wakeham, Elizabeth A. Canuel
The Nature Of Organic Carbon In Density-Fractionated Sediments In The Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta (California), S. G. Wakeham, Elizabeth A. Canuel
VIMS Articles
Rivers are the primary means by which sediments and carbon are transported from the terrestrial biosphere to the oceans but gaps remain in our understanding of carbon associations from source to sink. Bed sediments from the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta (CA) were fractionated according to density and analyzed for sediment mass distribution, elemental (C and N) composition, mineral surface area, and stable carbon and radiocarbon isotope compositions of organic carbon (OC) and fatty acids to evaluate the nature of organic carbon in river sediments. OC was unevenly distributed among density fractions. Mass and OC were in general concentrated in mesodensity …
Responses Of Antarctic Marine And Freshwater Ecosystems To Changing Ice Conditions, Mk Obryk, Pt Doran, Et Al, Deborah K. Steinberg, Hw Ducklow
Responses Of Antarctic Marine And Freshwater Ecosystems To Changing Ice Conditions, Mk Obryk, Pt Doran, Et Al, Deborah K. Steinberg, Hw Ducklow
VIMS Articles
Polar regions are warming more rapidly than lower latitudes, and climate models predict that this trend will continue into the coming decades. Despite these observations and predictions, relatively little is known about how polar ecosystems have responded and will continue to respond to this change. Two Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) sites, located in contrasting environments in Antarctica, have been studying marine and aquatic terrestrial ecosystems for more than two decades. We use data from these research areas to show that the extent and thickness of ice covers are highly sensitive to short- and long-term climate variation and that this variation …
Effects Of Embryonic Exposure To Salinity Stress Or Hypoxia On Post-Metamorphic Growth And Survival Of The Polychaete Capitella Teleta, Ja Pechenik, Or Chaparro, A Pilnick, M Karp, M Acquafredda, R Burns
Effects Of Embryonic Exposure To Salinity Stress Or Hypoxia On Post-Metamorphic Growth And Survival Of The Polychaete Capitella Teleta, Ja Pechenik, Or Chaparro, A Pilnick, M Karp, M Acquafredda, R Burns
VIMS Articles
Although a good number of studies have investigated the impact of larval experience on aspects of post-metamorphic performance, only a few have considered the potential impact of stresses experienced by brooded embryos. In this study we separately investigated the impact of salinity stress (as low as 10) and hypoxia (1 ml O2 1 sub-1) experienced by brooded embryos of the deposit-feeding polychaete Capitella teleta on hatching success, metamorphosis, post-metamorphic survival, and post-metamorphic growth. Salinity reduction from 30 to 10 or 15 reduced relative hatching success, presumably by reducing embryonic survival, but generally had no negative latent effects on juvenile survival …
Themed Issue Article: Conservation Physiology Of Marine Fishes Fisheries Conservation On The High Seas: Linking Conservation Physiology And Fisheries Ecology For The Management Of Large Pelagic Fishes, Andrij Z. Horodysky, Steven J. Cooke, John Graves, Richard Brill
Themed Issue Article: Conservation Physiology Of Marine Fishes Fisheries Conservation On The High Seas: Linking Conservation Physiology And Fisheries Ecology For The Management Of Large Pelagic Fishes, Andrij Z. Horodysky, Steven J. Cooke, John Graves, Richard Brill
VIMS Articles
Populations of tunas, billfishes and pelagic sharks are fished at or over capacity in many regions of the world. They are captured by directed commercial and recreational fisheries (the latter of which often promote catch and release) or as incidental catch or bycatch in commercial fisheries. Population assessments of pelagic fishes typically incorporate catch-per-unit-effort time-series data from commercial and recreational fisheries; however, there have been notable changes in target species, areas fished and depth-specific gear deployments over the years that may have affected catchability. Some regional fisheries management organizations take into account the effects of time-and area-specific changes in the …
Short-Term Habitat Use Of Juvenile Atlantic Bluefin Tuna, Benjamin J. Marcek, Mary C. Fabrizio, John Graves
Short-Term Habitat Use Of Juvenile Atlantic Bluefin Tuna, Benjamin J. Marcek, Mary C. Fabrizio, John Graves
VIMS Articles
Bluefin Tuna Thunnus thynnus are highly sought after in commercial and recreational fisheries along the East Coast of North America. To appropriately assess and manage Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (ABT), it is necessary to understand their habitat use during multiple ontogenetic stages. We tagged 17 juvenile ABT in the northwest Atlantic Ocean with pop-up satellite archival tags (PSATs) to determine environmental factors that may affect habitat use. The PSATs were deployed off the coast of Massachusetts in August and September 2012. A generalized linear mixed model was applied to determine factors affecting the mean depth occupied by fish, and beta regression …
Managing Aquatic Parasites For Reduced Drug Resistance: Lessons From The Land, Gf Mcewan, Ml Groner, Dl Burnett, Md Fast, Cw Revie
Managing Aquatic Parasites For Reduced Drug Resistance: Lessons From The Land, Gf Mcewan, Ml Groner, Dl Burnett, Md Fast, Cw Revie
VIMS Articles
Atlantic salmon farming is one of the largest aquaculture industries in the world. A major problem in salmon farms is the sea louse ectoparasite Lepeophtheirus salmonis, which can cause stress, secondary infection and sometimes mortality in the salmon host. Sea lice have substantial impacts on farm economics and potentially nearby wild salmonid populations. The most common method of controlling sea louse infestations is application of chemicals. However, most farming regions worldwide have observed resistance to the small set of treatment chemicals that are available. Despite this, there has been little investigation of treatment strategies for managing resistance in aquaculture. In …
First Report Of Perkinsus Honshuensis In The Variegated Carpet Shell Clam Ruditapes Variegatus In Korea, Hs Kang, Hs Yang, Kimberly S. Reece, Hk Hong, Ki Park, Ks Choi
First Report Of Perkinsus Honshuensis In The Variegated Carpet Shell Clam Ruditapes Variegatus In Korea, Hs Kang, Hs Yang, Kimberly S. Reece, Hk Hong, Ki Park, Ks Choi
VIMS Articles
The recent discovery of Perkinsus honshuensis, a new Perkinsus species infecting Manila clams Ruditapes philippinarum (Sowerby, 1852), in Japan, suggested that, based on proximity, P. honshuensis could also be in Korean waters, where to date, P. olseni was believed to be the only Perkinsus species present. Perkinsus sp. infections consistently occurred among Ruditapes variegatus clams on a pebble beach on Jeju Island, off the south coast of Korea. The typical 'signet ring' morphology of the parasite was observed in the connective tissue of the digestive gland, and infection intensity was comparatively low (3.3 x 10(3) +/- 1.2 x 10(4) to …
The Logic Of Comparative Life History Studies For Estimating Key Parameters, With A Focus On Natural Mortality Rate, Jm Hoenig, Ayh Then, Ea Babcock, Ng Hall, Da Hewitt, Sa Hesp
The Logic Of Comparative Life History Studies For Estimating Key Parameters, With A Focus On Natural Mortality Rate, Jm Hoenig, Ayh Then, Ea Babcock, Ng Hall, Da Hewitt, Sa Hesp
VIMS Articles
There are a number of key parameters in population dynamics that are difficult to estimate, such as natural mortality rate, intrinsic rate of population growth, and stock-recruitment relationships. Often, these parameters of a stock are, or can be, estimated indirectly on the basis of comparative life history studies. That is, the relationship between a difficult to estimate parameter and life history correlates is examined over a wide variety of species in order to develop predictive equations. The form of these equations may be derived from life history theory or simply be suggested by exploratory data analysis. Similarly, population characteristics such …
Managing Marine Mollusc Diseases In The Context Of Regional And International Commerce: Policy Issues And Emerging Concerns, Ryan Carnegie, I Arzul, D Bushek
Managing Marine Mollusc Diseases In The Context Of Regional And International Commerce: Policy Issues And Emerging Concerns, Ryan Carnegie, I Arzul, D Bushek
VIMS Articles
Marine mollusc production contributes to food and economic security worldwide and provides valuable ecological services, yet diseases threaten these industries and wild populations. Although the infrastructure for mollusc aquaculture health management is well characterized, its foundations are not without flaws. Use of notifiable pathogen lists can leave blind spots with regard to detection of unlisted and emerging pathogens. Increased reliance on molecular tools has come without similar attention to diagnostic validation, raising questions about assay performance, and has been accompanied by a reduced emphasis on microscopic diagnostic expertise that could weaken pathogen detection capabilities. Persistent questions concerning pathogen biology and …
Managing Marine Disease Emergencies In An Era Of Rapid Change, Ml Groner, J Maynard, R Breyta, Rb Carnegie, Et Al, Jeffrey D. Shields
Managing Marine Disease Emergencies In An Era Of Rapid Change, Ml Groner, J Maynard, R Breyta, Rb Carnegie, Et Al, Jeffrey D. Shields
VIMS Articles
Infectious marine diseases can decimate populations and are increasing among some taxa due to global change and our increasing reliance on marine environments. Marine diseases become emergencies when significant ecological, economic or social impacts occur. We can prepare for and manage these emergencies through improved surveillance, and the development and iterative refinement of approaches to mitigate disease and its impacts. Improving surveillance requires fast, accurate diagnoses, forecasting disease risk and real-time monitoring of disease-promoting environmental conditions. Diversifying impact mitigation involves increasing host resilience to disease, reducing pathogen abundance and managing environmental factors that facilitate disease. Disease surveillance and mitigation can …