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- Fisheries Science Peer-Reviewed Articles (8)
- Biological Sciences Peer-Reviewed Articles (6)
- Physical Sciences Peer-Reviewed Articles (4)
- Aquatic Health Sciences Peer-Reviewed Articles (3)
- Amphipods; biodiversity; complementarity; diversity; ecosystem function; grazers; herbivory; macroalgae (1)
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- Aquaculture; Crassostrea Virginica; Eastern Oyster; Mtdna; Restoration; Rflp (1)
- BLACK CARBON; ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; UNITED-STATES; PARTICULATE MATTER; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; CHESAPEAKE BAY; FULVIC-ACIDS; ESI-MS; QUANTIFICATION (1)
- CCRM Peer Reviewed Articles (1)
- Climate variability; Dermochelys coriacea; ENSO; gelatinous zooplankton; global warming; jellyfish; leatherback sea turtles (1)
- Coastal development; fish; nekton; Chesapeake Bay; shallow water habitats; ecological threshold; shoreline alteration; bulkhead; biotic integrity (1)
- Crassostrea Ariakensis; Bonamia; Salinity; Persistence; Transmission; Experimental; Introduction; Suminoe Oyster (1)
- Crassostrea Oysters; Species Identification; Its-1; Coi; Pcr/Rflp (1)
- Eastern Oyster; Crassostrea Virginica; James River; Age-At-Length; Jamestown; Chesapeake Bay (1)
- Environmental stress models; food web; hypoxia; predation; predator-prey; Macoma balthica (1)
- Gelatinous zooplankton; coastal upwelling; euphausiids; California current; scyphozoa; Aurelia; Chrysaora; phacellophora (1)
- Heterotrophic protists; algae; essential fatty acids; nutrient upgrading; docosahexaenoic acid; eicosapentaenoic acid; phytoplankton-heterotrophic protist interface (1)
- Mnemiopsis leidyi; Reproduction; Cydippid larvae; Scyphomedusae predation; Chrysaora quinquecirrha; Carbon cycle; Climate; York River; Chesapeake Bay (1)
- Ocean Quahog; Arctica Islandica; Mid-Atlantic Bight; Water Temperature; Climatic Change; Zoogeography; Age Estimation (1)
- Seep Mussel; Bathymodiolus; Digestive Diverticula; Lysosomal Progression (1)
- Size-Selectivity; Placopecten Magellanicus; Sea Scallop; Fisheries; Dredge (1)
- Suminoe Oyster; Crassostrea Ariakensis; Crassostrea Virginica; Oyster; Chesapeake; Growth; Disease; Mortality (1)
Articles 1 - 21 of 21
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Relative And Interactive Effects Of Plant And Grazer Richness In A Benthic Marine Community, Jf Bruno, Ke Boyer, Je Duffy, Sc Lee
Relative And Interactive Effects Of Plant And Grazer Richness In A Benthic Marine Community, Jf Bruno, Ke Boyer, Je Duffy, Sc Lee
VIMS Articles
The interactive effects of changing biodiversity of consumers and their prey are poorly understood but are likely to be important under realistic scenarios of biodiversity loss and gain. We performed two factorial manipulations of macroalgal group (greens, reds, and browns) and herbivore species (amphipods, sea urchin, and fish) composition and richness in outdoor mesocosms simulating a subtidal, hard-substratum estuarine community in North Carolina, USA. In the experiment where grazer richness treatments were substitutive, there were no significant effects of algal or herbivore richness on final algal biomass. However, in the experiment in which grazer treatments were additive (i.e., species-specific densities …
Bottom-Up And Climatic Forcing On The Worldwide Population Of Leatherback Turtles, Vs Saba, Jr Spotilia, Fp Chavez, Ja Musick
Bottom-Up And Climatic Forcing On The Worldwide Population Of Leatherback Turtles, Vs Saba, Jr Spotilia, Fp Chavez, Ja Musick
VIMS Articles
Nesting populations of leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) in the Atlantic and western Indian Oceans are increasing or stable while those in the Pacific are declining. It has been suggested that leatherbacks in the eastern Pacific may be resource limited due to environmental variability derived from the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO), but this has yet to be tested. Here we explored bottom-up forcing and the responding reproductive output of nesting leatherbacks worldwide. We achieved this through an extensive review of leatherback nesting and migration data and by analyzing the spatial, temporal, and quantitative nature of resources as indicated by net …
Influence Of Sea Ice On Primary Production In The Southern Ocean: A Satellite Perspective, Walker O. Smith Jr., Josefino C. Comiso
Influence Of Sea Ice On Primary Production In The Southern Ocean: A Satellite Perspective, Walker O. Smith Jr., Josefino C. Comiso
VIMS Articles
Sea ice in the Southern Ocean is a major controlling factor on phytoplankton productivity, but the relationship is modified by regional differences in atmospheric and oceanographic conditions. We used the phytoplankton biomass, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), and cloud cover data from Sea-viewing Wide Field of View Sensor (SeaWiFS), ice concentrations data from Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I) and Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-EOS (AMSR-E), sea-surface temperature data from advanced very high resolution radiometer (AVHRR), and a vertically integrated model to estimate primary productivity south of 60 degrees S. We also selected six areas within the Southern Ocean and analyzed the variability …
Trophic Interactions Under Stress: Hypoxia Enhances Foraging In An Estuarine Food Web, William Christopher Long, Rochelle D. Seitz
Trophic Interactions Under Stress: Hypoxia Enhances Foraging In An Estuarine Food Web, William Christopher Long, Rochelle D. Seitz
VIMS Articles
Ecosystem-level effects of stressors are critical to understanding community regulation, and environmental stress models are useful in describing such effects. Hypoxia is an important stressor in aquatic ecosystems that usually decreases abundance and biomass of benthic fauna. In field surveys, predator abundance is low in hypoxic areas, and in lab experiments, predators reduce their feeding rates under hypoxic conditions, leading to the hypothesis that consumer stress models (CSMs), rather than prey stress models (PSMs), apply to the systems. We tested predictions from these models with manipulative field experiments wherein we varied predator access to marked Macoma balthica clams at deep …
Quantitative Significance Of N-3 Essential Fatty Acid Contribution By Heterotrophic Protists In Marine Pelagic Food Webs, Fu-Lin E. Chu, Eric D. Lund, Jennifer A. Podbesek
Quantitative Significance Of N-3 Essential Fatty Acid Contribution By Heterotrophic Protists In Marine Pelagic Food Webs, Fu-Lin E. Chu, Eric D. Lund, Jennifer A. Podbesek
VIMS Articles
To assess the contribution of n-3 essential lipids by heterotrophic protists in the pelagic food webs, we examined the kinetics and efficiency of long-chain n-3 essential fatty acid (LCn-3EFA) production of 2 common heterotrophic protists, Oxyrrhis marina and Gyrodinium dominans, fed an alga (Dunaliella tertiolecta) deficient in both eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). D. tertiolecta was rapidly ingested and consumed by the heterotrophic protists. Growth rates ranged from 0.77 to 0.82 and 0.78 to 0.92 d(-1) in O. marina and G. dominans, respectively. LCn-3EFA production in the 2 heterotrophic protists reached the highest levels at the highest protist …
Evaluating Recruitment Contribution Of A Selectively Bred Aquaculture Line Of The Oyster, Crassostrea Virginica Used In Restoration Efforts, Jens Carlsson, Ryan B. Carnegie, Jan F. Cordes, Mp Hare, Thomas A. Leggett, Kimberly S. Reece
Evaluating Recruitment Contribution Of A Selectively Bred Aquaculture Line Of The Oyster, Crassostrea Virginica Used In Restoration Efforts, Jens Carlsson, Ryan B. Carnegie, Jan F. Cordes, Mp Hare, Thomas A. Leggett, Kimberly S. Reece
VIMS Articles
Severe over-fishing, habitat degradation, and recent disease impacts have devastated the eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) fisherey in the Chesapeake Bay. Several restoration efforts are in progress, including the unconventional approach of seeding reefs with an aquaculture strain selected for disease resistance and fast growth in hopes of mitigating the negative effects of diseases and low census numbers. Supplementation of four sites (The Great Wicomico, Lynnhaven, York and Elizabeth Rivers) examined in this study totaled approximatedly 18,500,000 aquaculture oysters from 2002 to 2006. We collected locally recruited offspring (n = 6517) from 2002 to 2006 at these sites to determine if …
Building The Holocene Clinothem In The Gulf Of Papua: An Ocean Circulation Study, Rudy Slingerland, Robert W. Selover, Andrea S. Ogston, Timothy R. Keen, Neal W. Driscoll, John D. Milliman
Building The Holocene Clinothem In The Gulf Of Papua: An Ocean Circulation Study, Rudy Slingerland, Robert W. Selover, Andrea S. Ogston, Timothy R. Keen, Neal W. Driscoll, John D. Milliman
VIMS Articles
This paper investigates the role that tidal and wind-driven flows and buoyant river plumes play in the development of the Holocene clinothem in the Gulf of Papua. Time series data from bottom tripods and a mooring were obtained at four locations near the mouth of the Fly River during portions of 2003 and 2004. Flows in the Gulf of Papua during calendar year 2003 were hindcast every 3 h using the Navy Coastal Ocean Model (NCOM) with boundary conditions from the Navy Atmospheric Prediction System, the east Asian seas implementation of NCOM, and the OTIS Tidal Inversion System. Results show …
Comparative Ultrastructure Of Digestive Diverticulae In Bathymodiolin Mussels: Discovery Of An Unknown Spherical Inclusion (Six) In Digestive Cells Of A Seep Mussel, Carol R. Logan, Megan B. Evans, Megan E. Ward, Joseph L. Scott, Ryan B. Carnegie, Cl Van Dover
Comparative Ultrastructure Of Digestive Diverticulae In Bathymodiolin Mussels: Discovery Of An Unknown Spherical Inclusion (Six) In Digestive Cells Of A Seep Mussel, Carol R. Logan, Megan B. Evans, Megan E. Ward, Joseph L. Scott, Ryan B. Carnegie, Cl Van Dover
VIMS Articles
Mussels in the genus Bathymodiolus host endosymbiotic bacteria in their gills, from which the mussel derives much of its nutrition. Bathymodiolin mussels also have functional digestive systems and, as in shallow-water mytilid mussels, cells of the digestive diverticulae are of two types: basophilic secretory cells and columnar digestive cells. Cellular contents of secretory and digestive cells of Bathymodiolus thermophilus and Bathymodiolus brevior from deep-sea hydrothermal vents are comparable to cellular contents of these cell types observed in shallow-water mytilids. In the seep mussel Bathymodiolus heckerae, cellular contents of columnar cells were anomalous, being dominated by an unknown cellular inclusion herein …
Effects Of Salinity On Bonamia Sp Survival In The Asian Oyster Crassostrea Ariakensis, C Audemard, Rb Carnegie, Na Stokes, Mj Bishop, Ch Peterson, Eugene M. Burreson
Effects Of Salinity On Bonamia Sp Survival In The Asian Oyster Crassostrea Ariakensis, C Audemard, Rb Carnegie, Na Stokes, Mj Bishop, Ch Peterson, Eugene M. Burreson
VIMS Articles
A novel Bonamia sp. discovered in Bogue Sound, NC, has recently emerged as a parasitic threat to the Asian oyster Crassostrea ariakensis. Because this oyster is being considered for introduction to the mid-Atlantic region, more data are needed to better evaluate the risks associated with this parasite. Field observations collected from North Carolina and information on other Bonamia spp. suggest an affinity for higher salinities, and direct transmissibility; in the absence of explicit experimental tests, however, this is largely hypothetical. Consequently, we used laboratory trials to test the direct transmissibility and the persistence of Bonamia sp. in infected triploid C. …
Sediment Dispersal In The Northwestern Adriatic Sea, Courtney K. Harris, C. Sherwood, Richard P. Signell, A. J. Bever, John C. Warner
Sediment Dispersal In The Northwestern Adriatic Sea, Courtney K. Harris, C. Sherwood, Richard P. Signell, A. J. Bever, John C. Warner
VIMS Articles
Sediment dispersal in the Adriatic Sea was evaluated using coupled three-dimensional circulation and sediment transport models, representing conditions from autumn 2002 through spring 2003. The calculations accounted for fluvial sources, resuspension by waves and currents, and suspended transport. Sediment fluxes peaked during southwestward Bora wind conditions that produced energetic waves and strengthened the Western Adriatic Coastal Current. Transport along the western Adriatic continental shelf was nearly always to the south, except during brief periods when northward Sirocco winds reduced the coastal current. Much of the modeled fluvial sediment deposition was near river mouths, such as the Po sediment, because it …
Effects Of Coastal Development On Nearshore Estuarine Nekton Communities, Donna M. Bilkovic, Molly Mitchell
Effects Of Coastal Development On Nearshore Estuarine Nekton Communities, Donna M. Bilkovic, Molly Mitchell
VIMS Articles
Coastal development affects estuarine resources by severing terrestrial-aquatic linkages, reducing shallow water habitats, and degrading ecosystem services, which is predicted to result in measurable declines in nekton community integrity. We assessed the effects of landscape features on nearshore habitats and biological communities, relating subtidal habitat, shoreline condition, upland land use and nearshore fish communities in a Chesapeake Bay tributary, the James River, Virginia. Both upland development and the placement of erosion control structures on the shoreline were associated with reduced fish community integrity, and shoreline alterations were linked with the amount of subtidal structural habitat in the nearshore. Ecological thresholds …
Anatomy And Growth Of A Holocene Clinothem In The Gulf Of Papua, Rudy Slingerland, Neal W. Driscoll, John D. Milliman, Scott R. Miller, Elizabeth A. Johnstone
Anatomy And Growth Of A Holocene Clinothem In The Gulf Of Papua, Rudy Slingerland, Neal W. Driscoll, John D. Milliman, Scott R. Miller, Elizabeth A. Johnstone
VIMS Articles
High-resolution seismic profiles and sedimentological data from grab samples and long cores provide an unprecedented picture of the structure, sedimentology, and late Quaternary development of two Gulf of Papua ( GoP) clinothems, one probably Stage 3 and 4 in age and one Holocene in age. The older was partially eroded during Stage 2 and partially covered by the younger clinothem during Stage 1. The younger clinothem consists of three stratigraphic units separated by two surfaces of erosion, bypass, or correlative surfaces of lap. The surfaces were formed by changes in accommodation and sediment supply. The underlying physiography of the older …
Shell Length-At-Age Relationships In James River, Virginia, Oysters (Crassostrea Virginica) Collected Four Centuries Apart, Juliana M. Harding, Roger L. Mann, Melissa Southworth
Shell Length-At-Age Relationships In James River, Virginia, Oysters (Crassostrea Virginica) Collected Four Centuries Apart, Juliana M. Harding, Roger L. Mann, Melissa Southworth
VIMS Articles
Eastern oysters were ecologically and structurally dominant features of the Chesapeake Bay prior to European colonization. Four centuries of harves pressure, habitat degradation, and more recently, disease activity have affected extant oyster population demographics. We compared population demographics and age-at-shell length relationships for modern mesohaline James River oyster populations with James River oysters collected in the years 1611 to 1612 by Jamestown settlers. Historic oyster collections made by hand included a more complete demographics than modern samples collected with patent longs. Historic oysters had significantly faster growth rates than modern oyster populations. Modern oysters larger than 30-40 mm SL or …
Discrimination Of Nine Crassostrea Oyster Species Based Upon Restriction Fragment-Length Polymorphism Analysis Of Nuclear And Mitochondrial Dna Markers, Jan F. Cordes, Jie Xiao, Kimberly S. Reece
Discrimination Of Nine Crassostrea Oyster Species Based Upon Restriction Fragment-Length Polymorphism Analysis Of Nuclear And Mitochondrial Dna Markers, Jan F. Cordes, Jie Xiao, Kimberly S. Reece
VIMS Articles
A molecular genetic identification key for nine species of Crassostrea oysters was developed based on restriction fragment-length polymorphism (RFLP) analyses of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA markers. Seven of nine species were unambiguosly differentiated based on digestion of the ITS-1 nuclear marker with Hae III an Hinf I. Individual species exhibited one or two RFLP patterns for each restriction endonuclease, and only C. madrasensis and C. iredalei were indistinguishable electrophoretically. All nine species were unambiguosly differentiated based on digestion of the COI mitochondrial marker with Dde I and Hae III. Species exhibited one or two RFLP patterns for each restriction endonuclease, …
Decadal Trends In Age Structure And Recruitment Patterns Of Ocean Quahogs Arctica Islandica From The Mid-Atlantic Bight In Relation To Water Temperature, Juliana M. Harding, Se King, En Powell, Roger Mann
Decadal Trends In Age Structure And Recruitment Patterns Of Ocean Quahogs Arctica Islandica From The Mid-Atlantic Bight In Relation To Water Temperature, Juliana M. Harding, Se King, En Powell, Roger Mann
VIMS Articles
Occan quahogs (Arctica islandica) are long-lived bivalves. Distributionl patterns and biology of ocean quahogs ill the Mid-Atlantic Bight (MAB) off the cast coast of North America are directly related to bottom water temperatures. We examined long term recruitment patterns for ocean quahogs across temporal (decadal) and spatial (latitudinal. bathymetric) scales Using a spatially defined (Long Island Sound to Chesapeake Bay mouth) population encompassing a broad size (age) range of animals that had not yet recruited to the commercial fishery [(SL)], An age-at-length relationship for quahogs less than 80 mm SL is described using a power function. Quahog age did not …
Crassostrea Ariakensis In Chesapeake Bay: Growth, Disease And Mortality In Shallow Subtidal Environments, Kt Paynter, Jd Goodwin, Me Chen, Nj Ward, Mw Sherman, Dw Meritt, Standish K. Allen
Crassostrea Ariakensis In Chesapeake Bay: Growth, Disease And Mortality In Shallow Subtidal Environments, Kt Paynter, Jd Goodwin, Me Chen, Nj Ward, Mw Sherman, Dw Meritt, Standish K. Allen
VIMS Articles
In April 2004, triploid native (Crassostrea virginica) and nonnative (Crassostrea ariakensis) oysters were deployed in cages at four sites along a salinity gradient in Chesapeake Bay. In Maryland, the lowest salinity site was located in the Severn River and two low to mid-salinity sites were located in the Choptank and Patuxent Rivers. The highest salinity site was located in the York River in Virginia. Growth, disease acquisition, and mortality were measured in the deployed oysters through August 2006. Although ANOVA revealed that the nonnative oysters were significantly larger at the end of the experiment than the native oysters at all …
Size-Selectivity Of The Northwest Atlantic Sea Scallop (Placopecten Magellanicus) Dredge, Noelle Yochum, William D. Dupaul
Size-Selectivity Of The Northwest Atlantic Sea Scallop (Placopecten Magellanicus) Dredge, Noelle Yochum, William D. Dupaul
VIMS Articles
A size-selectivity curve was constructed to characterize the performance of the New Bedford style Atlantic sea scallop (Placopecten magellanicus, Gmelin 1791) dredge when it is configured to meet the requirements of Amendment #10 to the Sea Scallop Fishery Management Plan. The curve was generated using the SELECT model on catch-at-length data, obtained by simultaneously towing a New Bedford style dredge and a nonselective National Marine Fisheries Service sea scallop survey dredge from commercial scallop vessels. Data were collected during three cruises in the Northwest Atlantic between 2005 and 2006. The resultant selectivity curve yielded a 50% retention length of 100.1 …
Technical Note: Molecular Characterization Of Aerosol-Derived Water Soluble Organic Carbon Using Ultrahigh Resolution Electrospray Ionization Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry, A. S. Wozniak, J. E. Bauer, R. L. Sleighter, R.M Dickhut, P.G. Hatcher
Technical Note: Molecular Characterization Of Aerosol-Derived Water Soluble Organic Carbon Using Ultrahigh Resolution Electrospray Ionization Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry, A. S. Wozniak, J. E. Bauer, R. L. Sleighter, R.M Dickhut, P.G. Hatcher
VIMS Articles
Despite the acknowledged relevance of aerosol-derived water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) to climate and biogeochemical cycling, characterization of aerosol WSOC has been limited. Electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (ESI FT-ICR MS) was utilized in this study to provide detailed molecular level characterization of the hi(,h molecular weight (HMW; m/z>223) component of aerosol-derived WSOC collected from rural sites in Virginia and New York, USA. More than 3000 peaks were detected by ESI FT-ICR MS within a m/z range of 223-600 for each sample. Approximately 86% (Virginia) and 78% (New York) of these peaks were assigned molecular formulas …
Feeding Patterns And Predation Potential Of Scyphomedusae In A Highly Productive Upwelling Region, Cynthia L. Suchman, Elizabeth A. Daly, Julie E. Keister, William T. Peterson
Feeding Patterns And Predation Potential Of Scyphomedusae In A Highly Productive Upwelling Region, Cynthia L. Suchman, Elizabeth A. Daly, Julie E. Keister, William T. Peterson
VIMS Articles
We quantified diet and predation rates for large scyphomedusae from a coastal upwelling region. In the Northern California Current, early stages of euphausiids, gelatinous taxa, and cladocerans were particularly vulnerable to predation by Chrysaora fuscescens, Aurelia labiata, and Phacellophora camtschatica, whereas copepods were not. Moreover, C. fuscescens had the potential to deplete the standing stock of euphausiid eggs where predator and prey overlapped. During August 2002, C. fuscescens ingested an average 32.5% of the standing stock of euphausiid eggs each day at stations close to shore and north of Cape Blanco (42.9 degrees N, 126.6 degrees W) where maximum abundances …
Development, Biological Regulation, And Fate Of Ctenophore Blooms In The York River Estuary, Chesapeake Bay, Robert H. Condon, Deborah K. Steinberg
Development, Biological Regulation, And Fate Of Ctenophore Blooms In The York River Estuary, Chesapeake Bay, Robert H. Condon, Deborah K. Steinberg
VIMS Articles
Blooms of the lobate ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi proliferate in estuaries and coastal regions worldwide. However, their role in food web structure and carbon flow between trophic levels is not fully understood. During 2003-2006, we conducted field surveys along a salinity gradient in the lower York River, a sub-estuary of the Chesapeake Bay, to determine factors controlling the timing and magnitude of M leidyi blooms, and to evaluate effects of gelatinous zooplankton on carbon cycling. Samples for density, biovolume, and carbon content of ctenophores, scyphomedusae, and mesozooplankton were collected using surface net tows and quantified in the laboratory. Historical published records …
Additional Records Of Deep-Sea Fishes From Off Greater New England, Ke Hartel, Cp Kenaley, Jk Galbraith, Tt Sutton
Additional Records Of Deep-Sea Fishes From Off Greater New England, Ke Hartel, Cp Kenaley, Jk Galbraith, Tt Sutton
VIMS Articles
A recent review of deep-sea fishes captured deeper than 200 m off greater New England, from the Scotian Shelf at 44''N to the southern New England Shelf at about 38°N, documented 591 species. Subsequent trawling activity and reviews of deep-sea taxa occurring in the area have revealed that an additional 40 species inhabit the deep sea off New England. Thirty-two of these new records were eaptured in the course of 44 bottom trawls and 94 mid-water trawls over or in the proximity of Bear Seamount (39''55'N. 67°30'W). Five of the 40 species have been described as new to science, at …