Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Keyword
-
- Fisheries Science Peer-Reviewed Articles (11)
- Biological Sciences Peer-Reviewed Articles (9)
- Aquatic Health Sciences Peer-Reviewed Articles (6)
- Physical Sciences Peer-Reviewed Articles (2)
- Shellfish (2)
-
- Abstracts (1)
- Acanthuridae; Larval dispersal; Larval retention; Marine connectivity; Phylogeography; Stock assessment (1)
- Capelin Mallotus-Villosus; Cross-Shelf Distribution; Northern Gulf; Of-Alaska; Geographic-Variation; Population-Dynamics; Seasonal-Variations; Abundance; Fishes; Growth (1)
- Caribbean Spiny Lobster; Panulirus-Argus-Virus-1 Pav1; Spatially-Explicit; Disease; Florida; Avoidance; Habitats; Ecology (1)
- Centrophorus-Squamosus; Genetic Differentiation; Reproductive-Biology; Microsatellite Loci; Dna Polymorphism; Computer-Program; Metabolic-Rate; Software; Size; Neutrality (1)
- Chesapeake Bay; Homarus-Americanus; Cancer-Magister; Traps; Predator; Catches; Crustaceans; Lobsters; Rathbun; Habitat (1)
- Conference Proceedings (1)
- Continental Coastal Zones; North-Sea; Ross Sea; Antarctica Prymnesiophyceae; Marine-Phytoplankton; Organic Nitrogen; Ammonium Uptake; Uptake Kinetics; Southern-Ocean; Greenland Sea (1)
- Density-Dependent Predation; Bottom-Up Control; Seagrass Meadows; Spatial Scales; Top-Down; Abundance; Stock; Interference; Nurseries; Habitats (1)
- Dietary metal · Trace element · Electrolyte · Energy intake · Proximate composition (1)
- Electric Light; Midwater Trawl; Shrimp Trawls; Fish; Selectivity; Capture; Gear; Ridge; Catch; Size (1)
- Gulf-Of-Mexico; Southern California Bight; Western North-Atlantic; Shortfin Mako Shark; Prionace-Glauca; Blue Sharks; Alopias-Superciliosus; Isurus-Oxyrinchus; Longline Fishery; White Marlin (1)
- Intermittent-flow respirometry; metabolism; mixed-effects models; repeated measures; Sciaenidae (1)
- Intraguild Predation; Statistical Inevitability; Ecosystem Stability; Community Ecology; Trophic Levels; Biodiversity; Diversity; Population; Competitors; Complexity (1)
- Loggerhead turtle (1)
- Maine; Fish (1)
- Marine Protected Areas; Global Fisheries; Progress; Index; Deforestation; Conservation; Target (1)
- Mediated Indirect Interactions; Seaweed Fucus-Vesiculosus; Tissue-Specific Induction; Anti-Herbivore Defense; Chemical Defenses; Brown Seaweed; Food-Chain; Antipredator Behavior; Laminaria-Hyperborea; Ascophyllum-Nodosum (1)
- Mississippi Sound; Habitat Selection; Northern Gulf; Salt Marshes; Nekton Use; Louisiana; Usa; Predation; Megalopae; Fishery (1)
- Mussel Watch Program; Crassostrea-Virginica; Sentinel Bivalves; Eastern Oyster; Bay; Pcr; Parasites; Florida; Epizootiology; Pathologies (1)
- Oysters (1)
- Parasitic Dinoflagellate; Chionoecetes-Bairdi; Disease; Opilio; Newfoundland; Infections; Canada; Bay; Prevalence; Estuary (1)
- Plankton Community Structure; Fecal Pellets; Crustacean Zooplankton; Pelagic Ecosystems; Biogenic Silica; Acartia-Tonsa; Bacteria; Ph; Methane; Finmarchicus (1)
- Polycyclic Aromatic-Hydrocarbons; Particle Dry-Deposition; Black Carbon; Atmospheric Deposition; Polychlorinated-Biphenyls; Compound Emissions; Sulfur Emissions; Seasonal Trends; Ambient Aerosol; Fuel Combustion (1)
- Predation (Biology) (1)
Articles 1 - 28 of 28
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Abstracts Of Technical Papers Presented At The 103rd Annual Meeting National Shellfisheries Association Baltimore, Maryland March 27–31, 2011, National Shellfisheries Association
Abstracts Of Technical Papers Presented At The 103rd Annual Meeting National Shellfisheries Association Baltimore, Maryland March 27–31, 2011, National Shellfisheries Association
VIMS Articles
No abstract provided.
Dietary Metal And Macro-Nutrient Intakes Of Juvenile Lemon Sharks Determined From The Nutritional Composition Of Prey Items, Harri Pettitt-Wade, Steven P. Newman, Kristene T. Parsons, Et Al
Dietary Metal And Macro-Nutrient Intakes Of Juvenile Lemon Sharks Determined From The Nutritional Composition Of Prey Items, Harri Pettitt-Wade, Steven P. Newman, Kristene T. Parsons, Et Al
VIMS Articles
The trace element requirements of sharks are poorly understood and the dietary intake of metals from prey items in wild sharks has not been measured. In this study whole prey of nursery bound juvenile lemon sharks Negaprion brevirostris, from Bimini, Bahamas were analysed for carcass total protein, lipids, carbohydrates, ash content, energy, and elemental composition. Metal analysis included 415 prey items from 18 species (fish: Atherinidae, Belonidae, Gerreidae, Haemulidae, Lutjanidae, Scaridae, Sphyraenidae; decapod crustaceans: Penaeidae, Portunidae). There were some seasonal and location effects (North Sound versus South Bimini shark nurseries), but overall prey metal concentrations were broadly similar to …
Frequency Of Multiple Paternity In The Spiny Dogfish Squalus Acanthias In The Western North Atlantic, A Verissimo, D Grubbs, Jan Mcdowell, J Musick, D Portnoy
Frequency Of Multiple Paternity In The Spiny Dogfish Squalus Acanthias In The Western North Atlantic, A Verissimo, D Grubbs, Jan Mcdowell, J Musick, D Portnoy
VIMS Articles
Multiple paternity (MP) has been shown to be widespread in elasmobranch fishes although its prevalence and the number of sires per litter vary considerably among species. In the squaloid shark Squalus acanthias, MP has been reported, but whether it is a common feature of the species' reproductive strategy is unknown. In this study, we determined the frequency of MP in 29 litters of S. acanthias sampled from the lower Chesapeake Bay and coastal Virginia waters, using 7 highly polymorphic nuclear DNA microsatellite loci. Only 5 litters (17% of the total) were genetically polyandrous, with at least 2 sires per litter. …
Widespread Survey Finds No Evidence Of Haplosporidium Nelsoni (Msx) In Gulf Of Mexico Oysters, Se Ford, J Paterno, E Scarpa, Na Stokes, Y Kim, Et Al.
Widespread Survey Finds No Evidence Of Haplosporidium Nelsoni (Msx) In Gulf Of Mexico Oysters, Se Ford, J Paterno, E Scarpa, Na Stokes, Y Kim, Et Al.
VIMS Articles
The advent of molecular detection assays has provided a set of very sensitive tools for the detection of pathogens in marine organisms, but it has also raised problems of how to interpret positive signals that are not accompanied by visual confirmation. PCR-positive results have recently been reported for Haplosporidium nelsoni (MSX), a pathogen of the oyster Crassostrea virginica in 31 of 40 oysters from 6 sites in the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea. Histological confirmation of the PCR results was not undertaken, and no haplosporidian has been reported from the numerous histological studies and surveys of oysters in …
Carbon And Nitrogen Dynamics In Shallow Photic Systems: Interactions Between Macroalgae, Microalgae, And Bacteria, Ak Hardison, Iris C. Anderson, Elizabeth A. Canuel, Cr Tobias, B Veuger
Carbon And Nitrogen Dynamics In Shallow Photic Systems: Interactions Between Macroalgae, Microalgae, And Bacteria, Ak Hardison, Iris C. Anderson, Elizabeth A. Canuel, Cr Tobias, B Veuger
VIMS Articles
We tracked carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) uptake into sediments in the presence and absence of benthic macroalgae using dual stable isotope tracers in combination with compound-specific isotope analyses of hydrolyzable amino acids and phospholipid-linked fatty acids to quantify the uptake and retention of C and N within bulk sediments, benthic microalgae (BMA), and heterotrophic bacteria. Stable isotope tracers (as (15)NH(4)(+) and H(13)CO(3)(-)) were added to mesocosms either via the surface water or pore water for the first 14 d of the 42-d experiment. Macroalgae and sediments exposed to ambient light and dark cycles rapidly took up label from both …
Linked Indicator Sets For Addressing Biodiversity Loss, Th Sparks, Shm Butchart, A Balmford, L Bennun, D Stanwell-Smith, R. J. Diaz, Et Al.
Linked Indicator Sets For Addressing Biodiversity Loss, Th Sparks, Shm Butchart, A Balmford, L Bennun, D Stanwell-Smith, R. J. Diaz, Et Al.
VIMS Articles
The target adopted by world leaders of significantly reducing the rate of biodiversity loss by 2010 was not met but this stimulated a new suite of biodiversity targets for 2020 adopted by the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) in October 2010. Indicators will be essential for monitoring progress towards these targets and the CBD will be defining a suite of relevant indicators, building on those developed for the 2010 target. Here we argue that explicitly linked sets of indicators offer a more useful framework than do individual indicators because the former are easier to understand, communicate and …
A General Equilibrium Model For Atlantic Herring (Clupea Harengus) With Ecosystem Considerations, Je Kirkley, J Walden, R Fare
A General Equilibrium Model For Atlantic Herring (Clupea Harengus) With Ecosystem Considerations, Je Kirkley, J Walden, R Fare
VIMS Articles
A framework is presented for assessing the economic ramifications of ecosystem-based management decisions, with attention focused on Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) in New England. The Atlantic herring has often been referred to as the most important fish in the northeastern United States because it is a filter-feeder, is believed to improve water quality, and is very important to the health, growth, and abundance of major gamefish, marine mammals, seabirds, and several species of fish. Although many approaches for examining the potential economic ramifications of ecosystem-based management are possible, attention is focused on one method that can be used given existing …
Copepod Guts As Biogeochemical Hotspots In The Sea: Evidence From Microelectrode Profiling Of Calanus Spp., Kw Tang, Rn Glud, A Glud, S Rysgaard, Tg Nielsen
Copepod Guts As Biogeochemical Hotspots In The Sea: Evidence From Microelectrode Profiling Of Calanus Spp., Kw Tang, Rn Glud, A Glud, S Rysgaard, Tg Nielsen
VIMS Articles
The environmental conditions inside the gut of Calanus hyperboreus and C. glacialis were measured with microelectrodes. An acidic potential hydrogen (pH) gradient was present in the gut of C. hyperboreus, and the lowest pH recorded was 5.40. The gut pH of a starved copepod decreased by 0.53 after the copepod resumed feeding for a few hours, indicating the secretion of acidic digestive fluid. A copepod feeding on Thalassiosira weissflogii (diatom) had slightly lower pH than that feeding on Rhodomonas salina (cryptophyte). Oxygen was undersaturated in the gut of both C. hyperboreus and C. glacialis, with a steep gradient from the …
Postrelease Survival, Vertical And Horizontal Movements, And Thermal Habitats Of Five Species Of Pelagic Sharks In The Central Pacific Ocean, Michael K. Musyl, Richard Brill, Daniel S. Curran, Nuno M. Fragoso, Lianne Mcnaughton, Anders Nielsen, Bert S. Kikkawa, Christopher D. Moyes
Postrelease Survival, Vertical And Horizontal Movements, And Thermal Habitats Of Five Species Of Pelagic Sharks In The Central Pacific Ocean, Michael K. Musyl, Richard Brill, Daniel S. Curran, Nuno M. Fragoso, Lianne Mcnaughton, Anders Nielsen, Bert S. Kikkawa, Christopher D. Moyes
VIMS Articles
From 2001 to 2006, 71 pop-up satellite archival tags (PSATs) were deployed on five species of pelagic shark (blue shark [Prionace glauca]; shortfin mako [Isurus oxyrinchus]; silky shark [Carcharhinus falciformis]; oceanic whitetip shark [C. longimanus]; and bigeye thresher [Alopias superciliosus]) in the central Pacific Ocean to determine speciesspecific movement patterns and survival rates after release from longline fishing gear. Only a single postrelease mortality could be unequivocally documented: a male blue shark which succumbed seven days after release. Meta-analysis of published reports and the current study (n=78 reporting PSATs) indicated that the summary effect of postrelease mortality for blue sharks …
Food Chain Length And Omnivory Determine The Stability Of A Marine Subtidal Food Web, Zt Long, Jf Bruno, Je Duffy
Food Chain Length And Omnivory Determine The Stability Of A Marine Subtidal Food Web, Zt Long, Jf Bruno, Je Duffy
VIMS Articles
P>1. Using a subtidal marine food web as a model system, we examined how food chain length (predators present or absent) and the prevalence of omnivory influenced temporal stability (and its components) of herbivores and plants. We held the density of top predators constant but manipulated their identity to generate a gradient in omnivory prevalence. 2. We measured temporal stability as the inverse of the coefficient of variation of abundance over time. Predators and omnivory could influence temporal stability through effects on abundance (the 'abundance' effect), summed variance across taxa (the 'portfolio effect') or summed covariances among taxa (the …
Non-Consumptive Predator Effects Indirectly Influence Marine Plant Biomass And Palatability, Pl Reynolds, Ee Sotka
Non-Consumptive Predator Effects Indirectly Influence Marine Plant Biomass And Palatability, Pl Reynolds, Ee Sotka
VIMS Articles
1. Predators can reduce herbivory and increase plant biomass by consuming herbivores, lowering individual herbivore feeding rates, or both. We tested whether the presence of predators increases plant quality by non-consumptively reducing grazing pressure and thereby weakening the strength of the induced response in plant chemical defences. 2. We performed a 42-day outdoor mesocosm experiment in which the herbivorous amphipod Ampithoe longimana was cultured on the brown seaweed Sargassum filipendula in the presence and absence of olfactory cues of its principal fish predator, the pinfish Lagodon rhomboides. The presence of fish cues reduced per capita rates of amphipod grazing by …
The Influence Of An Innovative Locomotor Strategy On The Phenotypic Diversification Of Triggerfish (Family: Balistidae), A Dornburg, B Sidlauskas, F Santini, L Sorenson, Tj Near, Me Alfaro
The Influence Of An Innovative Locomotor Strategy On The Phenotypic Diversification Of Triggerfish (Family: Balistidae), A Dornburg, B Sidlauskas, F Santini, L Sorenson, Tj Near, Me Alfaro
VIMS Articles
Innovations in locomotor morphology have been invoked as important drivers of vertebrate diversification, although the influence of novel locomotion strategies on marine fish diversification remains largely unexplored. Using triggerfish as a case study, we determine whether the evolution of the distinctive synchronization of enlarged dorsal and anal fins that triggerfish use to swim may have catalyzed the ecological diversification of the group. By adopting a comparative phylogenetic approach to quantify median fin and body shape integration and to assess the tempo of functional and morphological evolution in locomotor traits, we find that: (1) functional and morphological components of the locomotive …
The Effect Of Stimulation Frequency On The Transmural Ventricular Monophasic Action Potential In Yellowfin Tuna Thunnus Albacares, M Patrick, E White, Richard Brill, Ha Shiels
The Effect Of Stimulation Frequency On The Transmural Ventricular Monophasic Action Potential In Yellowfin Tuna Thunnus Albacares, M Patrick, E White, Richard Brill, Ha Shiels
VIMS Articles
Monophasic action potentials (MAPs) were recorded from the spongy and compact layers of the yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares ventricle as stimulation frequency was increased. MAP duration decreased with increase in stimulation frequency in both the spongy and compact myocardial layers, but no significant difference in MAP duration was observed between the layers.
Regional Variation In The Annual Feeding Cycle Of Juvenile Walleye Pollock (Theragra Chalcogramma) In The Western Gulf Of Alaska, Matthew T. Wilson, Andre Buchheister, Christina M. Jump
Regional Variation In The Annual Feeding Cycle Of Juvenile Walleye Pollock (Theragra Chalcogramma) In The Western Gulf Of Alaska, Matthew T. Wilson, Andre Buchheister, Christina M. Jump
VIMS Articles
Juvenile fish in temperate coastal oceans exhibit an annual cycle of feeding, and within this cycle, poor wintertime feeding can reduce body growth, condition, and perhaps survival, especially in food-poor areas. We examined the stomach contents of juvenile walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) to explain previously observed seasonal and regional variation in juvenile body condition. Juvenile walleye pollock (1732 fish, 37-250 mm standard length) of the 2000 year class were collected from three regions in the Gulf of Alaska (Kodiak, Semidi, and Shumagin) representing an area of the continental shelf of ca. 100,000 km(2) during four seasons (August 2000 to September …
Comparative Metabolic Rates Of Common Western North Atlantic Ocean Sciaenid Fishes, A. Z. Horodysky, R. W. Brill, P. G. Bushnell, Jack A. Musick, R. J. Latour
Comparative Metabolic Rates Of Common Western North Atlantic Ocean Sciaenid Fishes, A. Z. Horodysky, R. W. Brill, P. G. Bushnell, Jack A. Musick, R. J. Latour
VIMS Articles
The resting metabolic rates (R ) of western North Atlantic Ocean sciaenids, such as Atlantic croaker Micropogonias undulatus, spot Leiostomus xanthurus and kingfishes Menticirrhus spp., as well as the active metabolic rates (R ) of M. undulatus and L. xanthurus were investigated to facilitate inter and intraspecific comparisons of their energetic ecology. The R of M. undulatus and L. xanthurus were typical for fishes with similar lifestyles. The R of Menticirrhus spp. were elevated relative to those of M. undulatus and L. xanthurus, but below those of high-energy-demand species such as tunas Thunnus spp. and dolphinfish Coryphaena hippurus. Repeated-measures non-linear …
High Salinity Relay As A Postharvest Processing Strategy To Reduce Vibrio Vulnificus Levels In Chesapeake Bay Oysters (Crassostrea Virginica), Corinne Audemard, Howard I. Kator, Martha W. Rhodes, Thomas Gallivan, A.J. Erskine, Kimberly S. Reece
High Salinity Relay As A Postharvest Processing Strategy To Reduce Vibrio Vulnificus Levels In Chesapeake Bay Oysters (Crassostrea Virginica), Corinne Audemard, Howard I. Kator, Martha W. Rhodes, Thomas Gallivan, A.J. Erskine, Kimberly S. Reece
VIMS Articles
In 2009 the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced its intention to implement postharvest processing (PHP) methods to eliminate Vibrio vulnificus from oysters intended for the raw, half-shell market that are harvested from the Gulf of Mexico during warmer months. FDA-approved PHP methods can be expensive and may be associated with unfavorable responses from some consumers. A relatively unexplored PHP method that uses relaying to high salinity waters could be an alternative strategy, considering that high salinities appear to negatively affect the survival of V. vulnificus. During relay, however, oysters may be exposed to rapid and large salinity …
Sea Turtles As Potential Dispersal Vectors For Non-Indigenous Species: The Veined Rapa Whelk As An Epibiont Of Loggerhead Sea Turtles, Jm Harding, Wj Walton, Cm Trapani, Mj Frick, Roger L. Mann
Sea Turtles As Potential Dispersal Vectors For Non-Indigenous Species: The Veined Rapa Whelk As An Epibiont Of Loggerhead Sea Turtles, Jm Harding, Wj Walton, Cm Trapani, Mj Frick, Roger L. Mann
VIMS Articles
We present the first record of Rapana venosa (Veined Rapa Whelk) as an epibiont of Caretta caretta (Loggerhead Sea Turtle) and the first observation of rapa whelks in the South Atlantic Bight, USA. Veined Rapa Whelks are invasive shellfish predators. The only known North American population of Veined Rapa Whelks is in the southern Chesapeake Bay. Collections of Veined Rapa Whelks as epibionts on Loggerhead Sea Turtles from Norfolk, VA and Wassaw Island, GA present a previously undescribed vector for whelk range expansion to widely separated coastal habitats. In October 2008, a live juvenile Loggerhead stranded near Norfolk, VA with …
Climate-Related Hydrological Regimes And Their Effects On Abundance Of Juvenile Blue Crabs (Callinectes Sapidus) In The Northcentral Gulf Of Mexico, Guillermo Sanchez-Rubio, Harriet M. Perry, Patricia M. Biesiot, Donald R. Johnson, Rom Lipcius
Climate-Related Hydrological Regimes And Their Effects On Abundance Of Juvenile Blue Crabs (Callinectes Sapidus) In The Northcentral Gulf Of Mexico, Guillermo Sanchez-Rubio, Harriet M. Perry, Patricia M. Biesiot, Donald R. Johnson, Rom Lipcius
VIMS Articles
The abundance of juvenile blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus) in the northcentral Gulf of Mexico was investigated in response to climate-related hydrological regimes. Two distinct periods of blue crab abundance (1, 1973-94 and 2, 1997-2005) were associated with two opposite climate-related hydrological regimes. Period 1 was characterized by high numbers of crabs, whereas period 2 was characterized by low numbers of crabs. The cold phase of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) and high north-south wind momentum were associated with period 1. Hydrological conditions associated with phases of the AMO and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) in conjunction with the north-south wind momentum …
An Evaluation Of The Effects Of Blue Crab (Callinectes Sapidus) Behavior On The Efficacy Of Crab Pots As A Tool For Estimating Population Abundance, Samuel Kersey Sturdivant, Kl Clark
An Evaluation Of The Effects Of Blue Crab (Callinectes Sapidus) Behavior On The Efficacy Of Crab Pots As A Tool For Estimating Population Abundance, Samuel Kersey Sturdivant, Kl Clark
VIMS Articles
Crab traps have been used extensively in studies on the population dynamics of blue crabs to provide estimates of catch per unit of effort; however, these estimates have been determined without adequate consideration of escape rates. We examined the ability of the blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) to escape crab pots and the possibility that intraspecific crab interactions have an effect on catch rates. Approximately 85% of crabs that entered a pot escaped, and 83% of crabs escaped from the bait chamber (kitchen). Blue crabs exhibited few aggressive behavioral interactions in and around the crab pot and were documented to move …
Escaping Paradise: Larval Export From Hawaii In An Indo-Pacific Reef Fish, The Yellow Tang Zebrasoma Flavescens, Jeff A. Eble, Robert J. Toonen, Laurie Sorenson, Larry V. Basch
Escaping Paradise: Larval Export From Hawaii In An Indo-Pacific Reef Fish, The Yellow Tang Zebrasoma Flavescens, Jeff A. Eble, Robert J. Toonen, Laurie Sorenson, Larry V. Basch
VIMS Articles
The depauperate marine ecosystems of the Hawaiian Archipelago share a high proportion of species with the southern and western Pacific, indicating historical and/or ongoing connections across the large oceanic expanse separating Hawaii from its nearest neighbors. The rate and direction of these interactions are, however, unknown. While previous biogeographic studies have consistently described Hawaii as a diversity sink, prevailing currents likely offer opportunities for larval export. To assess interactions between the remote reefs of the Hawaiian Archipelago and the species-rich communities of the Central and West Pacific, we surveyed 14 nuclear microsatellite loci (nDNA, n = 857) and a 614 …
Characterization Of Photochromogenic Mycobacterium Spp. From Chesapeake Bay Striped Bass Morone Saxatilis, Dt Gauthier, Am Helenthal, Mw Rhodes, Wolfgang K. Vogelbein, Hi Kator
Characterization Of Photochromogenic Mycobacterium Spp. From Chesapeake Bay Striped Bass Morone Saxatilis, Dt Gauthier, Am Helenthal, Mw Rhodes, Wolfgang K. Vogelbein, Hi Kator
VIMS Articles
A large diversity of Mycobacterium spp. has been isolated from striped bass Morone saxatilis in Chesapeake Bay, USA. The new species M. shottsii and M. pseudoshottsii are the dominant isolates, while the classical fish pathogen M. marinum is found much less frequently. M. fortuitum and M. chelonae, other Mycobacterium spp. known to commonly infect fishes, have not yet been aseptically isolated from striped bass within Chesapeake Bay. While M. pseudoshottsii and M. shottsii have been phenotypically and genotypically characterized, other less common mycobacterial isolates have not. In the present study, we describe 17 photochromogenic isolates from Chesapeake Bay striped bass …
Diet Selectivity Of Juvenile Blue Crabs (Callinectes Sapidus) In Chesapeake Bay, Rochelle D. Seitz, Ke Knick, M Westphal
Diet Selectivity Of Juvenile Blue Crabs (Callinectes Sapidus) In Chesapeake Bay, Rochelle D. Seitz, Ke Knick, M Westphal
VIMS Articles
Shallow coves in Chesapeake Bay have abundant food and serve as nursery grounds for juvenile blue crabs. In this study, we examined the relationships between the diet of very small (4-40 mm CW) juvenile blue crabs and the benthic infauna in shallow, unvegetated nursery coves. We compared infauna in benthic samples with gut contents of juvenile blue crabs from six shallow coves in each of two sub-estuaries (Rappahannock and York Rivers) in Chesapeake Bay, Virginia, USA. Benthic communities differed depending on river and location, with abundant clams in upriver regions and abundant polychaetes in downriver regions. Juvenile crabs, like adults, …
Review Of Panulirus Argus Virus 1-A Decade After Its Discovery, Dc Behringer, Mj Butler, Jeffrey D. Shields, Ja Moss
Review Of Panulirus Argus Virus 1-A Decade After Its Discovery, Dc Behringer, Mj Butler, Jeffrey D. Shields, Ja Moss
VIMS Articles
In 2000, a pathogenic virus was discovered in juvenile Caribbean spiny lobsters Panulirus argus from the Florida Keys, USA. Panulirus argus virus 1 (PaV1) is the first naturally occurring pathogenic virus reported from lobsters, and it profoundly affects their ecology and physiology. PaV1 is widespread in the Caribbean with infections reported in Florida (USA), St. Croix, St. Kitts, Yucatan (Mexico), Belize, and Cuba. It is most prevalent and nearly always lethal in the smallest juvenile lobsters, but this declines with increasing lobster size; adults harbor the virus, but do not present the characteristic signs of the disease. No other PaV1 …
Lack Of Transmission Of Hematodinium Sp In The Blue Crab Callinectes Sapidus Through Cannibalism, Cw Li, Kn Wheeler, Jeffrey D. Shields
Lack Of Transmission Of Hematodinium Sp In The Blue Crab Callinectes Sapidus Through Cannibalism, Cw Li, Kn Wheeler, Jeffrey D. Shields
VIMS Articles
Hematodinium spp. are parasitic dinoflagellates of marine crustaceans. Outbreaks of Hematodinium sp. have impacted commercial landings of the blue crab Callinectes sapidus in the coastal bays of Virginia and Maryland (USA), with seasonal peaks in prevalence reaching 85%. The life cycle and transmission routes of the parasite in blue crabs are poorly understood. Cannibalism and waterborne transmission may be routes of transmission, although little conclusive evidence has been reported for these modes. We examined cannibalism as a route by a series of experiments wherein we repeatedly fed adult and juvenile crabs the tissues of crabs infected with Hematodinium. In each …
Fossil And Contemporary Aerosol Particulate Organic Carbon In The Eastern United States: Implications For Deposition And Inputs To Watersheds, As Wozniak, Je Bauer, Rm Dickhut
Fossil And Contemporary Aerosol Particulate Organic Carbon In The Eastern United States: Implications For Deposition And Inputs To Watersheds, As Wozniak, Je Bauer, Rm Dickhut
VIMS Articles
Atmospheric particulate matter samples were collected from mid-Atlantic and northeastern U. S. (Virginia and New York, respectively) sites to assess the fossil versus contemporary sources contributing to aerosol organic carbon (OC) and the implications for its deposition to watersheds. Mean particulate matter total OC (TOC) deposition rates (wet + dry deposition) were calculated to be 1.6 and 2.4 mg C m(-2) d(-1) for the Virginia and New York sites, respectively. Wet deposition of particulate TOC was determined to be the dominant depositional mode, accounting for >65% (Virginia) and >80% (New York) of total aerosol TOC deposition. Isotopic mass balances suggest …
Population Structure Of A Deep-Water Squaloid Shark, The Portuguese Dogfish (Centroscymnus Coelolepis), A Verissimo, Jan Mcdowell, John Graves
Population Structure Of A Deep-Water Squaloid Shark, The Portuguese Dogfish (Centroscymnus Coelolepis), A Verissimo, Jan Mcdowell, John Graves
VIMS Articles
The genetic population structure of the deep-water squaloid Centroscymnus coelolepis (the Portuguese dogfish) in the eastern Atlantic was investigated using eight polymorphic nuclear microsatellite markers and a 496-bp fragment of the mitochondrial DNA control region (mtDNA CR). Samples (20-50 individuals per location) were collected off Ireland, Portugal, Madeira, Mauritania, South Africa, and the Azores (Mid-Atlantic Ridge). High levels of genetic diversity were found at the nuclear microsatellite loci (mean A = 17.3; overall H(o) = 0.77), although there was low diversity at the mtDNA CR (h = 0.65, pi = 0 0.0018). Genetic diversity for the Portuguese dogfish was homogeneously …
The Role Of Nitrogen On The Growth And Colony Development Of Phaeocystis Globosa (Prymnesiophyceae), Xd Wang, Y Wang, Walker O. Smith Jr.
The Role Of Nitrogen On The Growth And Colony Development Of Phaeocystis Globosa (Prymnesiophyceae), Xd Wang, Y Wang, Walker O. Smith Jr.
VIMS Articles
The effects of nitrate, ammonium and urea on the growth and colony formation of three strains of Phaeocystis globosa were investigated. Although ammonium and urea supported growth, nitrate was the favoured nitrogen source for the growth of solitary cells for all three strains. Phaeocystis globosa CCMP 1528 and 629 formed colonies in all cultures where nitrate was the sole nitrogen source, but only a few colonies were observed in ammonium and urea treatments. Ammonium and urea were far less effective in supporting growth, biomass generation and colony formation in all three strains. Once colonies developed, colonial cells accounted for at …
Catchability Of Pelagic Trawls For Sampling Deep-Living Nekton In The Mid-North Atlantic, M Heino, Fm Porteiro, Tt Sutton, T Falkenhaug, Or Godo
Catchability Of Pelagic Trawls For Sampling Deep-Living Nekton In The Mid-North Atlantic, M Heino, Fm Porteiro, Tt Sutton, T Falkenhaug, Or Godo
VIMS Articles
Material collected in summer 2004 from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge between Iceland and the Azores with three pelagic trawls was used to estimate relative catchabilities of common fish, cephalopod, decapod, and jellyfish species. Catchability is defined as the ratio of numbers caught between two trawls, standardized for towed distance. Taxon-specific catchability coefficients were estimated for two large pelagic trawls with graded meshes, using a smaller pelagic trawl with a uniform mesh size as the reference trawl. Two of the trawls were equipped with multiple opening-closing codends that allowed sampling of different depth layers. Generalized linear and mixed models suggest that most …