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- Aquatic Health Sciences Peer-Reviewed Articles (12)
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- Antarctic Circumpolar Current; Dissolved Organic-Carbon; Marine-Phytoplankton; Biological Response; Iron Fertilization; Ross Sea; Dioxide; 170-Degrees-W; Productivity; Plankton (1)
- Auditory Brain-Stem; Perch Bairdiella-Chrysoura; Inner-Ear; Sound Pressure; Cynoscion-Nebulosus; Hearing Sensitivity; Saccular Afferents; Pogonias-Cromis; Ambient Noise; Teleost (1)
- Chemical cues (1)
- Clam Mercenaria-Mercenaria; Hard Clam; Pathogen; Disease (1)
- Clam Tapes-Decussatus; Crassostrea-Virginica; Protistan Parasite; Protozoan Parasite; Eastern Oyster; Ruditapes-Philippinarum; Superoxide Dismutases; Marinus Apicomplexa; Osmotic Tolerance; Chesapeake-Bay (1)
- Cod Gadus-Morhua; In-Situ; Theragra-Chalcogramma; Walleye Pollock; Tilt Angle; Tracking; Behavior; Distributions; Backscatter; Frequencies (1)
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- Confidence-Intervals; Published Research; Epidemiology; Probability; False; Power (1)
- Coral-Reef Fishes; Spectral Sensitivity; Sea Fishes; Critical Illumination; Environmental Light; Sensory Development; Underwater Light; Teleost Fishes; Pigments; Marine (1)
- Crab Portunus-Pelagicus; Disease Hematodinium Sp.; In-Situ Hybridization; Panulirus-Argus-Virus-1 Pav1; Litopenaeus-Vannamei; Chionoecetes-Opilio; Callinectes-Sapidus; Moreton Bay; Wssv; Shrimp (1)
- Crassostrea Virginica; Hemocytes; Oyster; Oyster Parasite; Perkinsus Marinas; Reactive Oxidative Intermediates; Triclosan (1)
- Crassostrea ariakensis (1)
- Disease-associated mortality; force-of-infection; Morone saxatilis; mycobacteriosis; striped bass (1)
- Dissolved Organic Nitrogen; Aureococcus-Anophagefferens; Dinoflagellate Alexandrium; Thalassiosira-Weissflogii; Coastal Eutrophication; Marine Cyanobacterium; Iron Fertilization; Algal Bloom; Coral-Reefs; Sulu Sea (1)
- Equatorial Pacific-Ocean; Primary Productivity; Enrichment Experiment; Atlantic Sector; Light; Fertilization; Size; Models; Color; Water (1)
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- Linked-Immunosorbent-Assay; Reproduction; Cells; Communities; Apoptosis; Bivalvia; Habitat; Oxygen; Bay (1)
- Makaira-Nigricans; Blue Marlin; Molecular Variance; Tetrapturus-Audax; Genetic-Analysis; Markers; Conservation; Coalescent; Patterns; Matrix (1)
- North-Sea; Coastal Waters; Chesapeake Bay; Heterotrophic Bacteria; Dissolved Nitrogen; Colony Formation; Marine Plankton; Western Norway; Southern Bight; Spring Bloom (1)
- Oxygen Geochemical Cycle; Solid-Phase Extraction; Cosmochim. Acta 66; Gulf-Of-Mexico; Black Shale; Chemical-Characterization; Atmospheric Oxygen; Atchafalaya River; Natural-Abundance; Beaufort Shelf (1)
- Oysters (1)
- Penguins Pygoscelis-Adeliae; Breeding-Season; Organochlorine Pollutants; Temporal Trends; Seabird Eggs; Food-Web; Pesticides; Residues; Contamination; Metabolism (1)
Articles 1 - 30 of 34
Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences
Mycobacteriosis-Associated Mortality In Wild Striped Bass (Morone Saxatilis) From Chesapeake Bay, Usa, Dt Gauthier, R J. Latour, Dm Helsey, C F. Bonzek, J Gartland, Ej Burge, W. K. Vogelbein
Mycobacteriosis-Associated Mortality In Wild Striped Bass (Morone Saxatilis) From Chesapeake Bay, Usa, Dt Gauthier, R J. Latour, Dm Helsey, C F. Bonzek, J Gartland, Ej Burge, W. K. Vogelbein
VIMS Articles
The striped bass (Morone saxatilis) is an economically and ecologically important finfish species along the Atlantic seaboard of the United States. Recent stock assessments in Chesapeake Bay (USA) indicate that non-fishing mortality in striped bass has increased since 1999, concomitant with very high (>50%) prevalence of visceral and dermal disease caused by Mycobacterium spp. Current fishery assessment models do not differentiate between disease and other components of non-fishing mortality (e. g., senescence, predation); therefore, disease impact on the striped bass population has not been established. Specific measurement of mortality associated with mycobacteriosis in wild striped bass is complicated because …
Abstracts Of Technical Papers Presented At The 100th Annual Meeting National Shellfisheries Association Providence, Rhode Island April 6–10, 2008, National Shellfisheries Association
Abstracts Of Technical Papers Presented At The 100th Annual Meeting National Shellfisheries Association Providence, Rhode Island April 6–10, 2008, National Shellfisheries Association
VIMS Articles
No abstract provided.
Misuse Of Pcr Assay For Diagnosis Of Molluscprotistan Infections, Em Burreson
Misuse Of Pcr Assay For Diagnosis Of Molluscprotistan Infections, Em Burreson
VIMS Articles
: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays are useful tools for pathogen surveillance, butthey are only proxy indications of pathogen presence in that they detect a DNA sequence. To be use-ful for detection of actual infections, PCR assays must be thoroughly tested for sensitivity and speci-ficity, and ultimately validated against a technique, typically histology, which allows visualization ofthe parasite in host tissues. There is growing use of PCR assays for pathogen surveillance, but toooften the assumption is made that a positive PCR result verifies an infection in a tested host. Thisassumption is valid only if the assay has been properly validated …
Us Caribbean Fish Trap Fishery Socioeconomic Study, Jj Agar, Jr Waters, M Valdes-Pizzini, M Shivlani, T Murray, Je Kirkley, D Suman
Us Caribbean Fish Trap Fishery Socioeconomic Study, Jj Agar, Jr Waters, M Valdes-Pizzini, M Shivlani, T Murray, Je Kirkley, D Suman
VIMS Articles
Concerns over the potential impacts of trap fishing on coral reefs and associated habitats prompted a socioeconomic study to characterize the U.S. Caribbean fish trap fishery in anticipation of management actions. Stratified random interviews of one hundred fishermen revealed the presence of a diverse fishery, with appreciable inter-island differences in levels of fishing dependence, fishing practices, and capital investment. High levels of fishing dependence Were observed among fishermen in the U.S. Virgin Islands, whereas Puerto Rican fishermen exhibited a more diversified livelihood strategy. Fishermen from St. Croix derived 62% of their household income from fish traps, significantly more than fishermen …
Comparative Visual Function In Five Sciaenid Fishes Inhabiting Chesapeake Bay, Az Horodysky, Richard Brill, Ej Warrant, Ja Musick, Rj Latour
Comparative Visual Function In Five Sciaenid Fishes Inhabiting Chesapeake Bay, Az Horodysky, Richard Brill, Ej Warrant, Ja Musick, Rj Latour
VIMS Articles
Maintaining optimal visual performance is a difficult task in the photodynamic coastal and estuarine waters in which western North Atlantic sciaenid fishes support substantial commercial and recreational fisheries. Unavoidable tradeoffs exist between visual sensitivity and resolution, yet sciaenid visual systems have not been characterized despite strong species-specific ecomorphological and microhabitat differentiation. We therefore used electroretinographic techniques to describe the light sensitivities, temporal properties, and spectral characteristics of the visual systems of five sciaenids common to Chesapeake Bay, USA: weakfish (Cynoscion regalis), spotted seatrout (Cynoscion nebulosus), red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus), Atlantic croaker (Micropogonias undulatus) and spot (Leiostomus xanthurus). Benthic sciaenids exhibited …
Environmental Distribution And Persistence Of Quahog Parasite Unknown (Qpx), Rj Gast, Dm Moran, Corinne Audemard, Mm Lyons, J Defavari, Kimberly S. Reece, D Leavitt, R Smolowitz
Environmental Distribution And Persistence Of Quahog Parasite Unknown (Qpx), Rj Gast, Dm Moran, Corinne Audemard, Mm Lyons, J Defavari, Kimberly S. Reece, D Leavitt, R Smolowitz
VIMS Articles
Quahog Parasite Unknown (QPX) is the cause of mass mortality events of hard clams Mercenaria mercenaria from Virginia, USA, to New Brunswick, Canada. Aquaculture areas in Massachusetts, USA, have been particularly hard hit. The parasite has been shown to be a directly infective organism, but it is unclear whether it could exist or persist outside of its clam host. We used molecular methods to examine water, sediment, seaweeds, seagrass and various invertebrates for the presence of QPX. Sites in Virginia and Massachusetts were selected based upon the incidence of QPX-induced clam die-offs, and they were monitored seasonally. QPX was detectable …
Molecular Epizootiology Of Perkinsus Marinus And P-Chesapeaki Infections Among Wild Oysters And Clams In Chesapeake Bay, Usa, Kimberly S. Reece, Cf Dungan, Em Burreson
Molecular Epizootiology Of Perkinsus Marinus And P-Chesapeaki Infections Among Wild Oysters And Clams In Chesapeake Bay, Usa, Kimberly S. Reece, Cf Dungan, Em Burreson
VIMS Articles
Perkinsus marinus and P. chesapeaki host ranges among wild Chesapeake Bay, USA, region bivalves were examined by surveying Crassostrea virginica oysters and members of several sympatric clam species from 11 locations. Perkinsus genus- and species-specific PCR assays were performed on DNA samples from 731 molluscs, and species-specific in situ hybridization assays were performed on a selected subset of histological samples whose PCR results indicated dual or atypical Perkinsus sp. infections. PCR assays detected P. marinus in 92% of oysters, but the P. chesapeaki PCR assay was positive for only 6% of oysters, and P. marinus was detected by PCR in …
Shellfish Tissues Evaluated For Perkinsus Spp. Using The Ray's Fluid Thioglycollate Medium Culture Assay Can Be Used For Downstream Molecular Assays, C Audemard, Rb Carnegie, Em Burreson
Shellfish Tissues Evaluated For Perkinsus Spp. Using The Ray's Fluid Thioglycollate Medium Culture Assay Can Be Used For Downstream Molecular Assays, C Audemard, Rb Carnegie, Em Burreson
VIMS Articles
Ray's fluid thioglycollate medium (RFTM) culture assay is the standard, recommended method for surveillance of Perkinsus spp. infections in marine molluscs. In this assay, shellfish tissues are incubated in RFTM, stained with Lugol's iodine solution to render Perkinsus spp. cells blue-black, and evaluated microscopically to rate infection intensities. A limitation of this assay, however, is the lack of pathogen species specificity. Generally, identification of Perkinsus spp. requires DNA sequence analysis of parallel or additional samples since the exposure to iodine is believed to hamper DNA amplification from samples processed by the RFTM assay. However, we show that P, marinus DNA …
Effects Of Rapid Decompression And Exposure To Bright Light On Visual Function In Black Rockfish (Sebastes Melanops) And Pacific Halibut (Hippoglossus Stenolepis), Richard Brill, Christopher Magel, Michael Davis, Robert Hannah, Polly Rankin
Effects Of Rapid Decompression And Exposure To Bright Light On Visual Function In Black Rockfish (Sebastes Melanops) And Pacific Halibut (Hippoglossus Stenolepis), Richard Brill, Christopher Magel, Michael Davis, Robert Hannah, Polly Rankin
VIMS Articles
Demersal Fishes hauled up from depth experience rapid decompression. In physoclists, this can cause overexpansion of the swim bladder and resultant injuries to multiple organs (barotrauma), including severe exophthalmia ("pop-eye"). Before release, fishes can also be subjected to asphyxia and exposure to direct sunlight. Little is known, however, about possible sensory deficits resulting from the events accompanying capture. To address this issue, electroretinography was used to measure the changes in retinal light sensitivity, flicker fusion frequency, and spectral sensitivity in black rockfish (Sebastes melanops) subjected to rapid decompression (from 4 atmospheres absolute [ATA] to 1 ATA) and Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus …
Quantifying Fecundity In Macoma Balthica Using An Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (Elisa), Wc Long, E Bromage, Rochelle D. Seitz, S Kaattari
Quantifying Fecundity In Macoma Balthica Using An Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (Elisa), Wc Long, E Bromage, Rochelle D. Seitz, S Kaattari
VIMS Articles
Monoclonal antibodies specific to a heat shock protein 70-like protein expressed in the eggs of Macoma balthica (mb-HSP70) were employed to develop an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to quantify fecundity in females. The assay was specific to egg tissue, with no demonstrable reactivity with juvenile or male tissues. The concentration of mb-HSP70 increased as the female gonads matured, necessitating the determination of a calibration curve for future experiments. The number of eggs in females was positively correlated with body mass index (BMI), and clams with a BMI < 1.4 did not produce eggs. The estimated number of eggs per clam during the fall spawning period was similar to that observed in eastern North Atlantic populations in clams of similar size; clams with shell lengths from 16 to 18 mm had from 7000 to 60 000 eggs apiece. Larger clams had up to 450 000 eggs. This assay effectively quantifies eggs at any stage of gonadal development in which eggs can be distinguished microscopically and is easier and cheaper to perform than other techniques of comparable precision.
Transmission Of Panulirus Argus Virus 1 (Pav1) And Its Effect On The Survival Of Juvenile Caribbean Spiny Lobster, Mark J. Butler, Donald C. Behringer, Jeffrey D. Shields
Transmission Of Panulirus Argus Virus 1 (Pav1) And Its Effect On The Survival Of Juvenile Caribbean Spiny Lobster, Mark J. Butler, Donald C. Behringer, Jeffrey D. Shields
VIMS Articles
The Caribbean spiny lobster Panulirus argus, an important fisheries species, is host to Panulirus argus virus 1 (PaV1), a lethal, unclassified virus—the first found in any species of lobster— prevalent in juvenile lobsters. We describe a series of laboratory experiments aimed at assessing the likely modes of disease transmission, determining the survival of lobsters relative to each transmission pathway and identifying potential alternate hosts. Given evidence for lower prevalence of PaV1 in large lobsters, the effect of lobster size on susceptibility was also examined. Results demonstrated that PaV1 can be transmitted to juvenile lobsters via inoculation, ingestion of diseased tissue, …
Ocean Urea Fertilization For Carbon Credits Poses High Ecological Risks, Pm Glibert, R Azanza, M Burford, K Furuya, E Abal, D. A. Bronk, Et Al.
Ocean Urea Fertilization For Carbon Credits Poses High Ecological Risks, Pm Glibert, R Azanza, M Burford, K Furuya, E Abal, D. A. Bronk, Et Al.
VIMS Articles
The proposed plan for enrichment of the Sulu Sea, Philippines, a region of rich marine biodiversity, with thousands of tonnes of urea in order to stimulate algal blooms and sequester carbon is flawed for multiple reasons. Urea is preferentially used as a nitrogen source by some cyanobacteria and dinoflagellates, many of which are neutrally or positively buoyant. Biological pumps to the deep sea are classically leaky, and the inefficient burial of new biomass makes the estimation of a net loss of carbon from the atmosphere questionable at best. The potential for growth of toxic dinoflagellates is also high, as many …
Continuous Culture Of Perkinsus Mediterraneus, A Parasite Of The European Flat Oyster Ostrea Edulis, And Characterization Of Its Morphology, Propagation, And Extracellular Proteins In Vitro, Sm Casas, Ks Reece, Yl Li, Ja Moss, A Villalba, Et Al
Continuous Culture Of Perkinsus Mediterraneus, A Parasite Of The European Flat Oyster Ostrea Edulis, And Characterization Of Its Morphology, Propagation, And Extracellular Proteins In Vitro, Sm Casas, Ks Reece, Yl Li, Ja Moss, A Villalba, Et Al
VIMS Articles
Continuous in vitro cultures of Perkinsus mediterraneus were established from tissues of infected European flat oysters, Ostrea edulis. The parasite proliferated in protein-free medium and divided by schizogony in vitro. Cell morphology was similar to that observed for P. mediterraneus in tissues of naturally infected O. edulis and for other Perkinsus spp. cultured in vitro. Parasite cells enlarged approximately 8-fold when placed in alternative Ray's fluid thioglycollate medium, and stained black with Lugol's iodine solution, a response characteristic of Perkinsus spp. DNA sequences matched those determined previously for P. mediterraneus, and phylogenetic analyses on three different data sets indicated that …
Acoustic Pressure And Particle Motion Thresholds In Six Sciaenid Fishes, Az Horodysky, Richard Brill, Ml Fine, Ja Musick, Rj Latour
Acoustic Pressure And Particle Motion Thresholds In Six Sciaenid Fishes, Az Horodysky, Richard Brill, Ml Fine, Ja Musick, Rj Latour
VIMS Articles
Sciaenid fishes are important models of fish sound production, but investigations into their auditory abilities are limited to acoustic pressure measurements on five species. In this study, we used auditory brainstem response ( ABR) to assess the pressure and particle acceleration thresholds of six sciaenid fishes commonly found in Chesapeake Bay, eastern USA: weakfish ( Cynoscion regalis), spotted seatrout ( Cynoscion nebulosus), Atlantic croaker ( Micropogonias undulatus), red drum ( Sciaenops ocellatus), spot ( Leiostomus xanthurus) and northern kingfish ( Menticirrhus saxatilis). Experimental subjects were presented with pure 10 ms tone bursts in 100 Hz steps from 100 Hz to …
Settlement Of Crassostrea Ariakensis Larvae: Effects Of Substrate, Biofilms, Sediment And Adult Chemical Cues, Mario N. Tamburri, Mark W. Luckenbach, Denise L. Brietburg, Stephanie M. Bonniwell
Settlement Of Crassostrea Ariakensis Larvae: Effects Of Substrate, Biofilms, Sediment And Adult Chemical Cues, Mario N. Tamburri, Mark W. Luckenbach, Denise L. Brietburg, Stephanie M. Bonniwell
VIMS Articles
The Suminoe oyster (Crassostrea ariakensis) is being considered for introduction into the Chesapeake Bay. However, our current understanding of the biology and ecology of C. ariakensis is insufficient to predict whether an introduction will be successful, provide desired benefits, or have adverse impacts. Behavior of native Eastern oyster (C. virginica) pediveligers has been studied for many years and it is well established that they use a variety of habitat characteristics when selecting a site for colonization. Perhaps the most important of these are chemical cues emitted by adult conspecifics, which can lead to gregarious larval settlement and dense, persistent reef …
Phytoplankton And Bacterial Uptake Of Inorganic And Organic Nitrogen During An Induced Bloom Of Phaeocystis Pouchetii, Mp Sanderson, Da Bronk, Jc Nejstgaard, Pg Verity, Af Sazhin, Et Al.
Phytoplankton And Bacterial Uptake Of Inorganic And Organic Nitrogen During An Induced Bloom Of Phaeocystis Pouchetii, Mp Sanderson, Da Bronk, Jc Nejstgaard, Pg Verity, Af Sazhin, Et Al.
VIMS Articles
A mesocosm experiment was conducted during the spring of 2003 in Raunefjord, west Norway. Inorganic nutrients (16 mu mol 1(-1) nitrate, 1 mu mol 1(-1) phosphate) were added to 2 enclosures with 10% of those concentrations (1.6 mu mol 1(-1) nitrate, 0.1 mu mol 1(-1) phosphate) added daily thereafter; a third unamended mesocosm was used as a control. Nitrogen (N) (ammonium, nitrate, urea and amino acid) uptake rates for >0.8 mu m (largely composed of phytoplankton) and 0.2 to 0.8 mu m (largely composed of bacteria) size classes were measured, as well as nutrient, chlorophyll, phytoplankton and microzooplankton concentrations. The …
Two New Genera And Three New Species Of Leeches (Hirudinida:Piscicolidae) From New Zealand Marine Fishes, Em Burreson, Ji Williams
Two New Genera And Three New Species Of Leeches (Hirudinida:Piscicolidae) From New Zealand Marine Fishes, Em Burreson, Ji Williams
VIMS Articles
The marine leech fauna of New Zealand is poorly known and based primarily on studies by Richardson in the 1950s. Three new species have recently been discovered. Dollfusobdella kaikourae n. gen.. n. sp. is described from Kaikoura, New Zealand parasitising pectoral fins of Scorpaena cardinalis, and thornfish, Bovichtus variegatus. It is characterised by a cylindrical body widest at the posterior portion Of the urosome and tapering, gradually to the oral sucker: the total length is not known to exceed 10 mm. The urosome segments are 3-annulate. each with large tubercles dorsally and smaller tubercles ventrally, but lacking Pulsatile vesicles. The …
Release Of Biodegradable Dissolved Organic Matter From Ancient Sedimentary Rocks, S Schillawski, S Petsch
Release Of Biodegradable Dissolved Organic Matter From Ancient Sedimentary Rocks, S Schillawski, S Petsch
VIMS Articles
Sedimentary rocks contain the largest mass of organic carbon on Earth, yet these reservoirs are not well integrated into modern carbon budgets. Here we describe the release of dissolved organic matter (DOM) from OM-rich sedimentary rocks under simulated weathering conditions. Results from column experiments demonstrate slow, sustained release of DOM from ancient sedimentary rocks under simulated weathering conditions. (1)H-NMR analysis of shale-derived DOM reveals a highly aliphatic, carbohydrate-poor material distinct from other natural DOM pools. Shale-derived DOM is rapidly assimilated and biodegraded by aerobic heterotrophic bacteria. Consequently, no compositional signature of shale-derived DOM other than (14)C-depletion is likely to persist …
Influence Of Sociality On Allometric Growth And Morphological Differentiation In Sponge-Dwelling Alpheid Shrimp, E Toth, Je Duffy
Influence Of Sociality On Allometric Growth And Morphological Differentiation In Sponge-Dwelling Alpheid Shrimp, E Toth, Je Duffy
VIMS Articles
Eusocial societies are defined by a reproductive division of labour between breeders and nonbreeders that is often accompanied by morphological differentiation. Some eusocial taxa are further characterized by a subdivision of tasks among nonbreeders, often resulting in morphological differentiation among different groups (subcastes) that specialize on different sets of tasks. We investigated the possibility of morphological castes in eusocial shrimp colonies (Zuzalpheus, formerly part of Synalpheus) by comparing growth allometry and body proportions of three eusocial shrimp species with three pair-forming species (species where reproductive females and males occur in equal sex ratios). Allometry of eusocial species differed in several …
What Exactly Are You Inferring? A Closer Look At Hypothesis Testing, Mc Newman
What Exactly Are You Inferring? A Closer Look At Hypothesis Testing, Mc Newman
VIMS Articles
This critical review describes the confused application of significance tests in environmental toxicology and chemistry that often produces incorrect inferences and indefensible regulatory decisions. Following a brief review of statistical testing theory, nine recommendations are put forward. The first is that confidence intervals be used instead of hypothesis tests whenever possible. The remaining recommendations are relevant if hypothesis tests are used. They are as follows: Define and justify Type I and II error rates a priori; set and justify an effect size a priori; do not confuse p(E vertical bar H-0) and p(H-0 vertical bar E); design tests permitting Positive …
Transmission Of Panulirus Argus Virus 1 (Pav1) And Its Effect On The Survival Of Juvenile Caribbean Spiny Lobster, Mj Butler, Dc Behringer, Jeffrey D. Shields
Transmission Of Panulirus Argus Virus 1 (Pav1) And Its Effect On The Survival Of Juvenile Caribbean Spiny Lobster, Mj Butler, Dc Behringer, Jeffrey D. Shields
VIMS Articles
The Caribbean spiny lobster Panulirus argus, an important fisheries species, is host to Panulirus argus virus 1 (PaV1), a lethal, unclassified virus-the first found in any species of lobster-prevalent in juvenile lobsters. We describe a series of laboratory experiments aimed at assessing the likely modes of disease transmission, determining the survival of lobsters relative to each transmission pathway and identifying potential alternate hosts. Given evidence for lower prevalence of PaV1 in large lobsters, the effect of lobster size on susceptibility was also examined. Results demonstrated that PaV1 can be transmitted to juvenile lobsters via inoculation, ingestion of diseased tissue, contact …
Effects Of Triclosan On The Oyster Parasite, Perkinsus Marinus And Its Host, The Eastern Oyster, Crassostrea Virginica, Fu-Lin E. Chu, Eric D. Lund, Jennifer A. Podbesek
Effects Of Triclosan On The Oyster Parasite, Perkinsus Marinus And Its Host, The Eastern Oyster, Crassostrea Virginica, Fu-Lin E. Chu, Eric D. Lund, Jennifer A. Podbesek
VIMS Articles
Because temperature plays an important role on progression and transmission of disease caused by Perkinsus marinus in the field. the effects of triclosan on the viability of P. marinus meronts (trophozoites) and oyster hemocytes were tested at a range of environmental relevant temperatures. Additionally, we examined the triclosan effect on reactive oxidative intermediate production (ROI) by oyster hemocytes and tested the efficacy of treating infected oysters with triclosan in eliminating/ reducing P. marinus infection in a pilot experiment. When P. marinus cultivated at 13 degrees C, 20 degrees C, and 28 degrees C was exposed to triclosan at corresponding temperatures, …
Post-Settlement Survival And Growth Of The Suminoe Oyster, Crassostrea Ariskensis, Exposed To Simulated Emersion Regimes, P.R. Kingsley-Smith, M.W. Luckenbach
Post-Settlement Survival And Growth Of The Suminoe Oyster, Crassostrea Ariskensis, Exposed To Simulated Emersion Regimes, P.R. Kingsley-Smith, M.W. Luckenbach
VIMS Articles
In high salinity habitats along the Middle and South Atlantic coasts of the United States the Eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica occupies an intertidal refuge from predation, facilitated by its tolerance of aerial exposure and associated desiccation and temperature stress. Observations of the Suminoe oyster, C. ariakensis in its native environments in Asia reveal that this species is most commonly found subtidally or in the very low intertidal zone, suggesting that it may be less tolerant of aerial exposure. With serious consideration being given to introducing C. ariakensis to the mid-Atlantic region, it is important to understand the ability of this …
Stock Assessment Of Protogynous Fish: Evaluating Measures Of Spawning Biomass Used To Estimate Biological Reference Points, En Brooks, Kw Shertzer, T Gedamke, Ds Vaughan
Stock Assessment Of Protogynous Fish: Evaluating Measures Of Spawning Biomass Used To Estimate Biological Reference Points, En Brooks, Kw Shertzer, T Gedamke, Ds Vaughan
VIMS Articles
In stock assessments, recruitment is typically modeled as a function of females only. For protogynous stocks, however, disproportionate fishing on males increases the possibility of reduced fertilization rates. To incorporate the importance of males in protogynous stocks, assessment models have been used to predict recruitment not just from female spawning biomass (S-f), but also from that of males (S-m) or both sexes (S-b). We conducted a simulation study to evaluate the ability of these three measures to estimate biological reference points used in fishery management. Of the three, S-f provides best estimates if the potential for decreased fertilization is weak, …
Anti-Lipopolysaccharide Factors In The American Lobster Homarus Americanus: Molecular Characterization And Transcriptional Response To Vibrio Fluvialis Challenge, Km Beale, Dw Towle, N Jayasundara, Cm Smith, Jeffrey D. Shields, Hamish J. Small, Sj Greenwood
Anti-Lipopolysaccharide Factors In The American Lobster Homarus Americanus: Molecular Characterization And Transcriptional Response To Vibrio Fluvialis Challenge, Km Beale, Dw Towle, N Jayasundara, Cm Smith, Jeffrey D. Shields, Hamish J. Small, Sj Greenwood
VIMS Articles
Two partial mRNA sequences predicted to encode anti-lipopolysaccharide factors (ALFs) were identified among expressed sequence tags generated from the American lobster Homarus americanus and complete cDNA sequences were obtained from library clones. Comparison of the translated amino acid sequences to those publicly available confirmed similarity to arthropod anti-lipopolysaccharide factors. Both protein sequences, designated ALFHa-1 and ALFHa-2, contained an N-terminal signal peptide and two half-cysteines participating in a disulfide bridge, features conserved in other ALFs. Predicted secondary structures were similar to that described for the ALF from the horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus. As part of an exploratory study of immunity in …
Quantifying Benthic Exchange Of Fine Sediment Via Continuous, Noninvasive Measurements Of Settling Velocity And Bed Erodibility, Carl T. Friedrichs, Grace M. Cartright, Pj Dickhudt
Quantifying Benthic Exchange Of Fine Sediment Via Continuous, Noninvasive Measurements Of Settling Velocity And Bed Erodibility, Carl T. Friedrichs, Grace M. Cartright, Pj Dickhudt
VIMS Articles
No abstract provided.
Population Structure Of Striped Marlin (Kajikia Audax) In The Pacific Ocean Based On Analysis Of Microsatellite And Mitochondrial Dna, Jr Mcdowell, J. E. Graves
Population Structure Of Striped Marlin (Kajikia Audax) In The Pacific Ocean Based On Analysis Of Microsatellite And Mitochondrial Dna, Jr Mcdowell, J. E. Graves
VIMS Articles
Genetic variation was surveyed at five microsatellite loci and the mitochondrial control region (819 bp) to test for the presence of genetic stock structure in striped marlin (Kajikia audax) collections taken from seven locations throughout the Pacific Ocean. Temporal replicates separated by 9 years were taken off Japan, and three temporal samples spanning 11 years were collected off the coast of eastern Australia. Analyses of multilocus microsatellite genotypes and mitochondrial control region sequences showed no significant heterogeneity among collections taken from the same location in different years; however, significant spatial genetic heterogeneity was observed across all samples for microsatellite markers …
Melting Glaciers: A Probable Source Of Ddt To The Antarctic Marine Ecosystem, Hn Geisz, Rm Dickhut, Ma Cochran, Wr Fraser, Hw Ducklow
Melting Glaciers: A Probable Source Of Ddt To The Antarctic Marine Ecosystem, Hn Geisz, Rm Dickhut, Ma Cochran, Wr Fraser, Hw Ducklow
VIMS Articles
Persistent organic pollutants reach polar regions by long-range atmospheric transport and biomagnify through the food web accumulating in higher trophic level predators. We analyzed Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) samples collected from 2004 to 2006 to evaluate current levels of Sigma DDT (p,p'-DDT + p,p'-DDE) in these birds, which are confined to Antarctica. Ratios of p,p'-DDT to p,p'-DDE in Adelie penguins have declined significantly since 1964 indicating current exposure to old rather than new sources of Sigma DDT. However, Sigma DDT has not declined in Adelie penguins from the Western Antarctic Peninsula for more than 30 years and the presence of …
Photosynthetic Maximum Quantum Yield Increases Are An Essential Component Of The Southern Ocean Phytoplankton Response To Iron, Mr Hiscock, Vp Lance, Am Apprill, Rr Bidigare, Zi Johnson, Walker O. Smith Jr., Et Al.
Photosynthetic Maximum Quantum Yield Increases Are An Essential Component Of The Southern Ocean Phytoplankton Response To Iron, Mr Hiscock, Vp Lance, Am Apprill, Rr Bidigare, Zi Johnson, Walker O. Smith Jr., Et Al.
VIMS Articles
It is well established that an increase in iron supply causes an increase in total oceanic primary production in many regions, but the physiological mechanism driving the observed increases has not been clearly identified. The Southern Ocean iron enrichment experiment, an iron fertilization experiment in the waters closest to Antarctica, resulted in a 9-fold increase in chlorophyll (Chl) concentration and a 5-fold increase in integrated primary production. Upon iron addition, the maximum quantum yield of photosynthesis (phi(m)) rapidly doubled, from 0.011 to 0.025 mol C.mol quanta(-1). Paradoxically, this increase in light-limited productivity was not accompanied by a significant increase in …
The Influence Of Beam Position And Swimming Direction On Fish Target Strength, Mj Henderson, Jk Horne, Rh Towler
The Influence Of Beam Position And Swimming Direction On Fish Target Strength, Mj Henderson, Jk Horne, Rh Towler
VIMS Articles
Fish orientation is consistently identified as a major influence on fish target strength (TS). Generally, orientation is defined as the tilt angle of the fish with respect to the acoustic transducer, whereas a more accurate definition includes tilt, roll, and yaw. Thus far, the influences of roll and yaw on fish TS have only been examined cursorily. We used in situ single-target data to create fish tracks, to estimate fish tilt and yaw, and correlated these estimates with TS. The results show that tilt, yaw, and beam position have a significant influence on fish TS. To investigate further how yaw …